UNIT 2: SCHOOL TALKS

GRAMMAR
A. GERUNDS & INFINITIVES - SOME EXCEPTIONS
I. GERUND (V-ING)
1.  Prepositions (in, on, at, about, for, to...) + V-ing
Ex: Thank you for helping carry the packages to the post office.
Note: " To " in these expressions is a preposition.
* be accustomed to
= be used to = get used to
* be committed to: cam kết, hứa làm gì
* be devoted to: hết lòng, tận tuỵ với
V-ing
* be opposed to: phản đối
* look forward to: trông mong, mong đợi
* in addition to: ngoài ... ra
* object to: phản đối
* be resigned to : cam chịu
* Prefer + (V-ing) TO + (V+ing) = prefer to do St than (do) St: thích làm gì hơn làm
gì
* would prefer + to inf. = would rather + bare inf.
Ex: Well, I’d prefer to go by car.
* would prefer + to inf. + rather than + bare inf.
Ex: I’d prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go to the cinema.
2. Subject (Chủ từ)
Walking in early morning is good exercise
Smoking is bad for our health.
3. Object (túc từ)
Sau các động từ : enjoy, finish, dislike, mind, practise, avoid, admit, consider, advise, quit,
appreciate, delay, miss, recall, recommend, suggest, postpone,…..
4. Some SPECIAL EXPRESSIONS followed by Gerund (V-ing)
* go + V-ing
Ex: go swimming, go shopping, go skiing, go fishing..
*can't help + V-ing (không thể không, không thể nhịn được)
Ex: I can't help worrying about it.
* It’s no use / It’s no good /There’s no point in … + V-ing (chẳng có ích lợi gì)
Ex: It’s no good trying to persuade me. You won’t succeed.
There’s no point in buying a car if you never use it.
* have fun / a (good / hard) time…
V-ing
have difficulty / trouble …
Ex: I had difficulty finding a place to live.
We had fun playing volleyball.
* spend /waste + time / money + V-ing
Ex: Sam spends most of his time studying.
She wastes a lot of time watching TV.
II. TO INFINITIVE (TO Vo)
1. Adjectives (happy, interesting, easy...) + to-infinitives
But: busy (bận)/ worth (đáng làm gì) + V-ing
Ex: I was surprised to see Tim at the party.
This book is worth reading.

1
2. Sau một số động từ: decide, want, expect, hope, wish, agree, refuse, manage,
volunteer, threaten, learn, seem, pretend, promise, fail, offer, ……
3. Diễn tả mục đích
Ex: He studies hard to pass the exam.
She occasionally goes to the English Club to practise speaking English.
4. Trong cấu trúc: Too adj/adv + (for O) + to Vo hoặc enough + for O + To Vo
5. Sau Question words: what, where, how, who, when,…
Ex: I don’t know what to say
I couldn’t decide where to go on holiday
III. OTHERS
* make/let + O + Vo (bare infinitives)
Ex: Mrs Lee made her son clean his room. = ask + O + to Vo
My father let me drive his car. infinitives
* have + O (persons) + V (bare infinitives)
have + O (things) + V(PP)
Ex: Jane had the waiter bring her some tea.
I had my watch repaired by someone.
* need + to-infinitives (if the subjects are persons)
need + V-ing / to be + PP (V3/ed) (if the subjects are things)
Ex: I need to borrow some money.
The house needs painting / to be painted.
*** Some verbs are followed by either To infinitives or V-ing with no difference in
meaning:
* begin, start, continue, like, love, hate,… + V-ing/ to Vo
Ex: It began to rain / raining.
***Some verbs followed by either to infinitives or V-ing with a difference in
meaning:
*a. REMEMBER
- remember to do St: nhớ làm điều gì (nhiệm vụ, bổn phận)
- remember doing St: nhớ đã làm điều gì.
Ex: Judy always remembers to lock the door before she leaves home.
I remembered locking all the windows before going to bed.
*b. REGRET
- regret to do St: được dùng để thông bao với ai (điều không may)
- regret doing St: tiếc đã làm điều gì
Ex: It began to get cold and he regretted not wearing his coat.
Note: regret to say / to tell / to inform you that ...
Ex: We regret to inform you that we cannot offer you the job.

*c. TRY 

try to do St: cố gắng, nỗ lực làm điều gì đó.

    try doing St: thử làm điều gì đó (có tính chất thử nghiệm)

Ex: I'm trying to learn English.
The room was hot. I tried opening the window, but that didn't help, so I tried turning
on the fan, but I was still hot. Finally, I turned on the air conditioner.
*d. STOP

2
 stop to do St: dừng lại để làm điều gì khác.
stop doing St: dừng việc đang làm.
stop SO (from) doing St = prevent SO from doing St (ngăn cản)
Ex: I stopped to ask the way to the airport.
He stopped smoking 3 months ago.
I can't stop him talking to the press.
*e. GO ON
- go on + to Vo: làm điều gì tiếp theo
- go on + V-ing: tiếp tục làm điều gì
Ex: After his course, he goes on to work in a bank.
The workers go on working despite the bad weather.
B. “WH” QUESTION (CÂU HỎI VỚI TỪ ĐỂ HỎI)
Các từ để hỏi: What, Who, Where, When, Which, Whom, Whose, Why, How, How far,
How many, How much, How long, How often.
Trường hợp 1: Từ để hỏi làm chủ từ:
Who is working in the office?
What caused that serious problem?
Trường hợp 2: Từ để hỏi dùng làm túc từ: Wh- word + Aux + S + V + O ?
Where did you go yesterday?
Why is she crying now?
EXERCISES
I. Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets:
1. Ann is interested in (teach) _____________ young children.
2. I finished (read) _____________ the book and went to bed.
3. The police questioned me at some length, and I didn’t enjoy (question) ________
4. Dad allowed Dora (go) ______________ to the party.
5. My teacher always expected me (do) ______________ in the exams.
6. Will you please stop (change) ______________ TV channels?
7. I’d like (go) ______________ somewhere different for a change.
8. He agreed (start) ______________ the job as soon as possible.
9. My bank manager advised (take) ______________ a loan.
10. I must go now. I promised (not be) ______________ late.
11. The children are looking forward to (see) _______________ their grandma again.
12. I want (play) ___________ volleyball. I hope (choose) ___________ for the team.
13. Would you like (go) ________________ somewhere for a rest?
14. Don’t forget (call) ____________ home as soon as you arrive at your destination.
15. I’m sure you’ll have trouble (find) _______________ a new job.
II. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D for each sentence
1. He has difficulty _______ Spanish.
A. to learn B. learning C. on learning D. learn
2. The students were made _______ hard.
A. to study B. studying C. for studying D. study
3. What about ________ lunch in the garden?
A. to have B. having C. do we have D. have
4. My sister is looking forward _______ your country.
A. to visit B. visiting C. to visiting D. visit
5. We can’t help _______ he’s still alive.
A. to think B. thinking C. with thinking D. think

3
6. She finds ________ the guitar interesting.
A. to playing B. playing C. that playing D. play
7. I’d rather ________ at home than go out.
A. to stay B. staying C. to staying D. stay
8. It is very kind of you _________ me with my homework.
A. to help B. helping C. for helping D. help
9. The foreigners are not used _________ the chopsticks.
A. to use B. using C. to using D. useing
10. You must ________ careful when _________ the zebra-crossing.
A. be / cross B. are / crossing C. be / to cross D. be / crossing
11. Linda felt better after _________ some medicine.
A. to take B. taking C. she takes D. take
12. My friends decided _________ on a picnic this Sunday.
A. to go B. going C. about going D. go
13. She loves ________ children.
A. to teaching B. teaching C. teaches D. teach
14. Mr. Brown gets a mechanic _________ his car.
A. to repair B. repairing C. for repairing D. repair
15. I prefer ________ football matches to _________ it.
A. watching / play B. watch / play C. to watch / play D. watching / playing
16. He prefers ________ for a walk.
A. to go B. going C. to going D. go
17. Unfortunately, it started _________ while we were walking.
A. rain B. to rain C. with raining D. in raining
18. There’s no need ________ me.
A. to thank B. thanking C. thanked D. thank
19. All he ever did after work was _________ TV.
A. watch B. watching C. to watching D. that watches
20. She is very good at _________. She makes all her own clothes.
A. to sew B. sewing C. sawing D. saw
21. The thing we liked most was _________ to music.
A. to listen B. listening C. hearing D. listen
22. When his mother entered his room, he pretended ________.
A. to sleep B. sleeping C. that slept D. slept
23. Would you please ________ me your pen?
A. to give B. giving C. like to give D. give
24. Do you mind _________ your car?
A. to move B. moving C. for moving D. move
25. I hate _________ by others.
A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughed D. being laughed at
26. If I were a bird, I wouldn’t want __________ in a cage.
A. to keep B. keeping C. to be kept D. being kept
27. Did you advise him _________ in the talent contest?
A. to join B. participating C. joining D. to take part
28. You had better _________ a rest.
A. to take B. taking C. of taking D. take
29. Let me _________ your test result.
A. to see B. seeing C. see D. about seeing

4
30. My friend used ________ with his uncle when he lived in the countryside.
A. to go to fish B. going fishing C. to go for fishing D. to go fishing
31. After ________ home, they usually take off their uniforms.
A. they will arrive B. to arrive C. arriving D. arriving in
32. In spite of _________ tired, she went to school.
A. to be B. being C. are D. she was
33. He suggested we _________ for a holiday.
A. to go B. going C. go D. went
34. Would you like me _________ the work tonight?
A. to finish B. finishing C. to finishing D. finish
35. The date of the meeting has _________ again.
A. to change B. changing C. to be changed D. being changed
36. _________ in a spaceship sounds interesting to me.
A. To travel B. Travelling C. Travel D. Of travelling
37. This room needs __________ with wall paper.
A. to decorate B. decorating C. of decorating D. decorate
38. I look forward __________ from you soon.
A. to hear B. hearing C. to hearing D. with hearing
39. I sent a card to congratulate Hoa _____ the first prize in the English speaking contest.
A. to win B. winning C. wining D. on winning
40. I was reading books, but I stopped _____ my homework.
A. to do B. doing C. did D. done

III. Make up questions for the underlined part in these following sentences
1. Mary plays tennis at the Sport Centre every afternoon.
 _____________________________________________________________?
2. The plane was delayed because of the weather.
 _____________________________________________________________?
3. Uncle Ho was born in Nghe An on May 19th 1890.
 _____________________________________________________________?
4. When I met him, he was talking to the manager.
 _____________________________________________________________?
5. She wanted to learn a foreign language to have a good job.
 _____________________________________________________________?
6. This book cost 5 dollars.
 _____________________________________________________________?
7. We have known each other for 24 years.
 _____________________________________________________________?
8. Minh gave a rose to her mother last week.
 _____________________________________________________________?
9. He’s written five novels.
 _____________________________________________________________?
10. I play chess with my elder brother in my free time.
 _____________________________________________________________?
IV. Finish the second sentence so that it stays the same meaning as the first one.
1. My father said I could use his car.
My father allowed___________________________________________
2. Don’t stop him doing what he wants.

5
Let _______________________________________________________
3. You can try to get Jim to lend you his car, but you won’t succeed.
There’s no point ___________________________________________

4. Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?

He suggested _______________________________________________
5. The driver said it was true that he didn’t have a licence.
The driver admitted __________________________________________
6. I’ll finish the work tonight if you like.
Would you like _____________________________________________
7. The teacher didn’t allow the class to leave before 4:30
The teacher made____________________________________________
8. I hate to get up in the dark.
I can’t _____________________________________________________
V. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. heat B. scream C. meat D. dead
2. A. month B. together C. about D. around
3. A. study B. umbrella C. studious D. luggage
4. A. far B. marvelous C. star D. match
5. A. guitar B. target C. mad D. Charles
VI. Find the mistake in each of the following sentences
1. I decided changing jobs because my boss makes me work overtime.
A B C D
2. I’d rather to stay home than go out tonight.
A B C D
3. Why you call me so late last night?
A B C D
4. I succeeded in to find a job, so my parents didn’t make me go to college
A B C D
5. Trung left the room without lock the door.
A B C D
6. There are so much traffic : so many cars, motorbikes and bicycles.
A B C D
7. How long does your friend come home ? – Once a week.
A B C D
8. Phong is a student at Chu Van An High School and he rides often a bike to school.
A B C D
9. Chu Van An High School is one of the biggest school in Hanoi.
A B C D
10. He began to studying English three years ago.
A B C D
VI. Read the passage and choose the correct answer
Chantal's parents didn't have much money, so they sent her to a state primary school when
she was five. She enjoyed her reading and writing lessons, but there were so many pupils
in the class that the teacher found it difficult to control them.
When Chantal was eleven, her father got a better job, and decided to spend some
money on her education. He sent her to an expensive private school, where the girl wore
dark green uniforms and did two hours' homework every evening.

6
 Chantal liked her new school, and did well. Because she studied hard, she passed all
her exams, and went to university at eighteen. She chose history course and was an
excellent student. In the end, she decided to become a teacher, and returned to her old
primary school to teach.
1. At university she studied _______.
A. very badly B. averagely C. very poorly D. very well.
2. What was an important event for Chantal when she was eleven?
A. passing the exams. B. getting better education.
C. leaving her home. D. going overseas.
3. What profession did she finally decide to choose?
A. advertising B. nursing C. teaching. D. cooking
4. Why did Chantal’s parents send her to a state primary school?
A. They liked it. B. They were poor.
C. It was near her house. D. It was expensive.
5. What was her teachers’ problem at the primary school?
A. low salary. B. large class. C. disobedient pupils D. strict
headmaster.