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Understanding
Culture, Society &
Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Nature of Culture & Society
Understanding Culture, Society & Politics– Grade 11/12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Nature of Culture and Society
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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 11/12

Understanding
Culture, Society
& Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Nature of Culture & Society
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society & Politics Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on the Nature of Culture & Society!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society & Politics Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on the Nature of Culture & Society!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to

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 process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the nature of culture and society. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is presented in the following lesson, namely:

 Lesson 2 – Nature of Culture & Society

After going through this module, you are expected to

1. Appreciate the nature of culture and society from the perspectives of
anthropology and sociology.

2. Demonstrate a holistic understanding of culture and society.

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 What I Know

Directions: . Encircle the letter that describes what aspect of culture are the
following statements :

1. A baby uttering the words “Papa” and “Mama”

a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

2. A foreigner who got married with a Filipina and live in the Philippines for
good.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

3. An Iglesia ni Cristo who attended a party and did not eat dinner because of
the dinuguan being served to him.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

4. Filipino celebrates Noche Buena together with a bountiful food in the table
every year.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

5. A Filipino who had a tour in China and ate in a Chinese restaurant using
chopstick.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

6. Lina’s cousin wife is from Cebu who lives in Alcala for 2 years now and very
fluent in speaking Iloko dialect.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

7. Cenaculo is a play depicting the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ which is
yearly performed by people of Pampanga during Lent season.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested

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 b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

8. A highlander wearing “bahag” during Panagbenga

a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

9. A Muslim praying five (5) times a day.

a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

10.A foreigner patronizing the Ilokano culture

a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

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 Lesson
UCSP: Nature of Culture &
2 Society

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics provides conceptual handles for

understanding everyday experiences and observations of culture, society and
politics. Thomas Hyland Eriksen (2001) illustrates the definitive and ambiguous
ways by which the concept of culture has been understood in terms of how people
live their lives.

What’s In

Directions: Encircle eight (8) words in the puzzle which describe culture and society.

F A M I L Y Q E
O B S M E E Y E
P E R S O N G A
K L A W S M X I
O I F L T R N B
B E H A V I O R
D F Z N A S R E
G G L O M L J O
H U U I S I T J
T A E M R C R E
E G S O D S O F
A E L K A T I M

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 Notes to the Teacher

This learning module contains helpful tips and strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

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 What’s New

Directions: Write twelve (12) words in the web which describe or associated with
the concept “CULTURE”.

I.

Culture

What is It

Aspects of Culture

The notion of culture presents a complex portrait of humanity. Anthropology

regards culture as learned, symbolic, integrated, shared, and all encompassing
(Tylor 1871).

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 It is learned because culture is acquired by being born into a particular
society in the process of enculturation, as anthropologists would say, or
socialization, as sociologists would explain. Through language, the cultural
traits of society are passed on to younger members in the process of growing
up and through teaching.

Culture is symbolic in the sense that it renders meanings to what people do.
Beliefs, religion, rituals, myths, dances, performances, music, artworks, sense
of taste, education, innovations, identity, ethnicity, and so on, are meaningful
human expressions of what people do and how they act.

The systems of meanings and many other facets of culture such as kindred,
religion, economic activities, inheritance, and political process, do not
function in isolation but as an integrated whole that makes society work.

Furthermore, these varying systems of meanings, relations, and processes are

shared within a group of people rendering culture bounded to those who seek sense
of belonging to the same society.

 Since culture is shared within exclusive domains of social relations, societies

operate differently from each other leading to cultural variations. Even as culture is
bounded, it does not mean that there are no variations in how people act and relate
with each other within a given system of their respective societies. On the contrary,
the same society can be broadly diverse wherein people, for example, profess
connections to each other yet practice different religion, values, or gender relations.
Furthermore, societies do not always exist independently from each other.


Around the world, people as members of their own societies establish connections
with each other and form relationship guided by their respective cultural practices
and values. These complex relations underscore the all encompassing nature of
culture as it covers every feature of humanity. Edward Tylor, one of the founders of
modern anthropology, characterize culture as a “complex whole which
encompasses beliefs, practices, traits, symbols, knowledge, and everything that
a person learns and shares as a member of society” (Tylor 1871).

 To further understand culture, it is important not to forget the biological

dimensions of being human. The capacity of a person to organize his or her own
society and form cultural systems is made possible by the ability of humans to
imagine and execute what they can do. Through the power of their brains, humans
possess a considerable degree of awareness and knowledge of what they can
achieve. At the same time, the natural world casts limitation as well as
opportunities for humans in terms of realizing how else they can organize their
societies and form their cultures. For instance, some societies harness resources
on flatlands or high up in the mountains while others organize their lives around
the seas. These undertakings indicate that the specific environment in which
people live also shape human culture in the same way that culture shapes how
people reshape nature.

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 What’s More

Directions: Identify what aspects of culture is described in the following

situations.

a. Dynamic, Flexible and Adaptive e. Integrated and at times unstable

b. Shared and Contested f. Transmitted through
enculturation
c. Learned through socialization g. Requires language and
Other forms
d. Patterned of communication

1. A two-year old child is taught on how to speak English.

____________________________________________

2. Every year, people celebrate Christmas and New Year.

____________________________________________

3. My friend taught her husband who is from Batangas how to cook

Pinakbet.
_____________________________________________

4. Liza doesn’t like to marry Muslim because of their culture of having many
wives.
______________________________________________

5. Nelson is a very kind person just like his parents.

______________________________________________

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks the missing words to complete each sentence
and paragraph.

The notion of culture presents a complex portrait of humanity. Anthropology

regards culture as _____________, _________________, __________________, ________,
and ____________________ (Tylor 1871).

 It is ___________ because culture is acquired by being born into a particular

society in the process of enculturation, as anthropologists would say, or
socialization, as sociologists would explain. Through language, the cultural
traits of society are passed on to younger members in the process of growing
up and through teaching.

Culture is ___________ in the sense that it renders meanings to what people do.
Beliefs, religion, rituals, myths, dances, performances, music, artworks, sense
of taste, education, innovations, identity, ethnicity, and so on, are meaningful
human expressions of what people do and how they act.

The systems of meanings and many other facets of culture such as kindred,
religion, economic activities, inheritance, and political process, do not
function in isolation but as an ______________ that makes society work.

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 What I Can Do

Directions: From the aspects of culture below, choose one and in 200 words
write an essay depicting a kind of culture you have in your own community
describing this particular aspect.

A. Dynamic, Flexible and Adaptive D. Integrated and at times

unstable
B. Shared and Contested E. Transmitted through
enculturation
C. Learned through socialization F. Requires language and in
other forms of communication
G. Culture is Patterned of

Rubric for Essay

Features 4 3 2 1

Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner

Quality of Piece was Piece was written Piece had little Piece had no style
Writing written in an in an interesting style or voice or voice
extraordinary style and voice
style and voice Gives some new Gives no new
Somewhat information but information and
Very informative informative and poorly very poorly
and well- organized organized organized
organized
Grammar, Virtually no Few spelling and A number of So many spelling,
Usage & spelling, punctuation spelling, punctuation and
Mechanics punctuation or errors, minor punctuation or grammatical errors
grammatical grammatical grammatical that it interferes
errors errors errors with the meaning

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter that describes what aspect of culture are the
following statements :

1. A baby uttering the words “Papa” and “Mama”

a.Culture is learned c. Culture is contested

b.Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned socialization

2 . A foreigner who got married with a Filipina and live in the Philippines for good.

a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested

b.Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

3. An Iglesia ni Cristo who attended a party and did not eat dinner
because of the dinuguan being served to him.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

4. Filipino celebrates Noche Buena together with a bountiful food in the table
every year.
a. Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

5. A Filipino who had a tour in China and ate in a Chinese restaurant using
chopstick.
a.Culture is learned c. Culture is contested

B.Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned socialization

6. Lina’s cousin wife is from Cebu who lives in Alcala for 2 years now and very
fluent in speaking Iloko dialect.
a.Culture is learned c. Culture is contested

b. Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned

socialization

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7. Cenaculo is a play depicting the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ which is
yearly performed by people of Pampanga during Lent season.
a.Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
B.Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

8. A highlander wearing “bahag” during Panagbenga

a.Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b.Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

9. A Muslim praying five (5) times a day.

a.Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b.Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned

socialization

10.A foreigner patronizing the Ilokano culture

a.Culture is learned c. Culture is contested
b.Culture is adaptive and flexible d. Culture is patterned
socialization

Additional Activities

– Below are norms and values that are being practice in the communities.
Choose 5 that are applicable in your communities and choose on how
you value and judge such norms and values.

1. Vote-buying is rampant during election.

2. Bayanihan when someone in the community is in need.
3. Close family ties because of extended family.
4. All members of the family pray together every Angelus time.
5. Going to church every Sunday.
6. Group of men drinking wine every late afternoon.
7. People in the neighborhood quarelling from time to time.
8. Joining Zumba dance in the plaza.
9. Going to party even not invited.
10.Joining a lottery.

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a. ( ) Very much agree b. ( ) Much agreec. ( ) c. Agree
d. ( ) Don’t Agree

Answer Key

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What I Know What's In
/Assessment 1. Family
1. A 2. Person
2. B 3. Laws
3. C 4. Behavior
4. D 5. Beliefs
5. B 6. Language
6. A OR B 7. Values
7. D 8. Norms
8. B 9. Relics
9. D
10.B

What’s More
1. C
2. D
3. A or f
4. B
5. C or f

What I have
learned
Learned, symbolic,
integrated, shared, all
encompassing
Learned, symbolic,
integrated as whole

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References

A. Books
Department of Education. Year. Understanding Culture, Society and
Politics( Teacher Guide) Manila: DepEd Philippines. pp. 36-40.
B. Government Publications
Government of the Philippines. 2010. Philippine Statistics. Series No. 13.
Manila.
C. Periodicals
Author. Year. Title of Article. Journal or Newspaper Title in Italics. Volume
number (issue number)

D. Online and Other Sources

http://www.deped.gov.ph/

(https://courses.lumenlearning.com)

(https://study.com.academy.culture )

(https://google.com.ph

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph