Baslot, Corinne Faith S.

3rd year BPED Block A

CPE 108 A6 The Teacher and the School Curriculum

LESSON 5: TYPES OF CURRICULUM OPERATING IN SCHOOL

LEARNING COMPETENCIES

 Determine the different types of curricula operating in every school

classroom environment; and
 Explain how these types of curriculum interact and contribute to the
enhancement of the teaching and learning process.

TYPES OF CURRICULA IN SCHOOLS

1. RECOMMENDED CURRICULUM

Is consists of policy guidelines from national agencies like Department of

Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED), Department of
Science and Technology (DOST), Technical Education, Skills and Development
Authority (TESDA) or any professional organization related to education. These are
agencies and organizations which creates and implement curriculum.

2. WRITTEN CURRICULUM

This refers to written outputs, lesson plan, curriculum, and syllabus. Written
curriculum was made by experts with vast knowledge of writing curriculum as well
as the participation o teachers. In here various activities, objectives, and goals are
made in each classroom by the teacher. The implementation of written curriculum
expects the students to learn more through the use of learning materials,
instructional materials, textbooks, curriculum, and other materials. The continuity
and cumulative acquisition of skills and knowledge from grade to grade and from
school to school. Teachers responds to the needs of the students in the school
setting, creating a curriculum which suits them and interest them in order to produce
quality education. It also intends to ensure that the educational goals of the
educational system are being accomplished at a school.
3. TAUGHT CURRICULUM

This curriculum is the application to the written curriculum. These are

varied activities that are implemented in order to arrive at the objectives or purposes
 of the written curriculum. These includes the teaching methods and strategies of the
teachers to deliver educational informations to students It also includes planned
activities put into actual action in the classroom.

4. SUPPORTEDCURRICULUM

Supported Curriculum refers to the support curriculum that includes learning

material resources such as textbooks, computers, audio-visual materials, laboratory
equipment, playgrounds, zoos and other facilities. Support curriculum helps improve
the students’ performance through integration of traditional and progressive learning
styles and methods.

5. ASSESSEDCURRICULUM

Assessed curriculum refers to the overall product of learning. The students

learning is assessed through the use paper-and-pencil tests, practical exams, and/or
portfolios to assess the student's progress and for them to determine the extent of
their teaching during and after each topic they teach. Assessment is an effective way
to cater the needs of the students and identify which teaching method is effective or
ineffective in the uniformly manner of teaching learners. It develops learning
process by which after assessing, the teachers evaluate the necessary things to be
made and the for the learning progress of the students. It is also for the teachers to
improve curriculum to be able to create life-long learners, skilled, and highly
intelligent individuals.

6. LEARNEDCURRICULUM
Learned curriculum is the result of learning from recommended, written,
taught, supported, and assessed curriculum. The students learning outcome which
contributes to the learning acquisition of different unique individuals. This is
achieved through various teaching methods, strategies, learning materials, planned
curriculum. The learned curriculum measures the student performance based on
acquired knowledge.

7. HIDDEN/IMPLICIT CURRICULUM
Hidden curriculum refers to the unwritten curriculum or unplanned lesson
created by the experts with the participation of classroom teachers. Hidden
curriculum is unofficial, unintended, unregistered lessons, values, and perspectives
that students learn in school. While the “formal” curriculum consists of the courses,
lessons, and learning activities students participate in, as well as the knowledge and
skills educators intentionally teach to students, the hidden curriculum consists of the
unspoken or implicit academic, social, and cultural messages that are communicated
to students while they are in school. There are lots of hidden curricula that transpire
in the schools. Peer influence, school environment, physical condition, teacher-
learner interaction, mood of the teachers and many other factors make up the hidden
 curriculum. In education, learning outcomes is not always expected. There are other
ways in which the influence of the teachers and other factors which affects to
learning is unexpected yet effective.

INTERACTION OF CURRICULUM TYPES

Each curriculum types contributes to the learning process and learning progress of
the learners. It is interconnected with one another creating a wholesome curriculum which
responds to the needs of every learners to become globally competitive individuals.
 The recommended curriculum in general has little impact on the written curriculum
and perhaps less of an effect on the classroom teacher.
 The written curriculum has only a moderate influence on the taught curriculum.
Teachers tend to look on the factors which involves the interests and motivational
factor of the students.
 The tested curriculum seems to have the strongest influence on the curriculum
actually taught. Teachers are more concerned on the performance of the students in
test that is why tests and exams are of great percentage in making grades in general.
 The supported curriculum continues to have a strong influence on the taught
curriculum, especially for elementary teachers, who teach four or five subjects. The
textbook and integration of technology in the educative process is the source of
imparting body of knowledge effectively.
 The hidden/ implicit curriculum is a strong as strong type of curriculum. The
influence of the teacher, peers, and other factors affects the acquisition of
knowledge among the students. It is effective in the most unexpected way but is
helpful in transmitting and delivering lessons.
 All these types of curricula are important, this helps both the learners and
educators create a conducive learning for everyone. Learned curriculum is
important for it is the total acquisition of knowledge passed down from experts
to students.

EXCITE: STOP! LOOK & OBSERVE!

_

Watch the video entitled “Real World English in Classrooms - Philippines”.

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wfctiJGZ6Y)
The video is about formal school component of the project " Improving English
Language Teaching and Learning in Mindanao" (IELTLM). Video made by Stuart Leigh of
Real World Productions, New York, NY. It focuses on English language education in the
Philippines. IELTLM is a project of the Real World Alliance (Real World Productions, Ateneo
de Zamboanga University, Notre Dame University at Cotabato City, Mindanao State University
at Tawi-Tawi, and the Philippine Broadcasting Service).www.realworldenglish.com
 Listen carefully and after watching, take time to answer the following questions:
1. What can you say about a classroom environment in the Philippines?
2. What are the types of curriculum that you can see and observe in the video?
3. How do these types of curriculum help improve the English language Teaching and
Learning in Mindanao?

1. What can you say about a classroom environment in the Philippines?

The classroom environment is of most significant factor which affects students learning,
performance, and output inside the school. A place where learning starts and body of knowledge
is being transmitted to unique individuals. The classroom environment in the Philippines based
on the video I watched, is one that is conducive to learning.

The learning space is able to cater the basic needs and accommodate every learners’
educational needs and preferences. Observing the area, the students were still able to perform
well in their academics and excel in areas such as reading and writing. Lectures, discussions,
activities, paper and pencil tests, investigations, and learning skills takes place in the classroom
setting. The students’ attention in the video is all focus to learning because they perceive the
environment as a place where they can enjoy, have fun, learn, and grow which is the goal of a
sustainable and effective classroom environment. The student and teacher interact with one
another in a communicative way where they give and receive information as part of the learning
process. With the classroom being such an important place, it is important to understand the
ways in which to operate and manage the environment in order to receive
maximum effectiveness in instruction. It is important to utilize the environment properly to
provide good quality education to learners with different needs. An ideal and effective classroom
is an environment which welcomes students positively in pursuit to establish good relationship
and building better communication.

Philippines may have been a third world country, without enough learning materials
and technological devices but this country is by far giving its best to provide the needs of every
learner in the classroom. It is clearly seen in the video that even without the vast space for
learning, teachers were able to pull of the lack by providing the best they can do to create a
conducive learning classroom environment. They taught the students with confidence,
superiority, positivity, and intelligence. To sum it up, the classroom environment in the
Philippines responds to the ever-changing educative process of learning. It is accessible to all
students, inviting and comfortable enough for them to achieve success in the global society.

2. What are the types of curriculum that you can see and observe in the video?

The types of curriculum present in the video entitled “Real World English in Classrooms-
Philippines” are the following:
WRITTEN CURRICULUM-

which includes documents, courses of study, or syllabi handed down to the school. Curriculum
experts create the majority of written curricula with the help of teachers. Each teacher has a
written lesson plan that includes the teacher's objectives and planned activities. Adherence to a
curriculum that promotes continuity and cumulative acquisition of skills and knowledge from
grade to grade and school to school will improve learning. The curriculum can reflect the best
understanding of learners' growth and development and learners' needs as they relate to nature or
society. Personnel, textbooks, software, and other instructional resources are chosen based on
their alignment with the curriculum objectives and priorities.

TAUGHT CURRICULUM is another applied curriculum in which planned activities are

carried out in the classroom.

SUPPORTED CURRICULUM is when there are materials, such as ILTL playing audio in the
background, that support or aid in implementing a written curriculum. Each learner can achieve
accurate and lifelong learning with the help of this Support curriculum. Teachers are to bring to
life the intercultural aspect of real-world English in each lesson. On the right-hand side of the
second page of the lesson plan, we have culture notes that provide teachers with one or more
ideas to discuss today's theme's audio program.

3. How do these types of curriculum help improve the English language Teaching
and Learning in Mindanao?

These curriculum types contribute to the improvement of English language teaching

and learning in Mindanao. With these curriculum types, educative process is effectively
implemented to reach out and teach the learners with efficiency. It meets the needs of the
students which helps them acquire body of knowledge easier.

Through these curriculum types students are able to perform well in the classroom,
participate in discussion and various activities, explore and experiment new knowledge, and
improve skills with mastery. Numerous methods for learning and educational planned
curriculum improves program which addresses teaching objectives. As a result, students secure
a learning design, for example, the main themes in language expressions the English language
Teaching. Educators plan the academic program in multiple ways to meet the learning
objectives. It becomes convenient to students to hear the APT while simultaneously reading
and acting. On the other hand, teachers are able to identify what teaching methods and
strategies will be best applied to some students who doesn’t like English subjects before going
through that ILTL. Later on, the students will most likely to participate and engage in learning
English because their needs are being assessed by classroom teachers.

To sum it up, the different types of curriculum which is present in the curriculum are the
basis of teaching English language in Mindanao. It improves the performance and active
participation of the students. It also improves reading and writing skills of the learners in
 general. Students are motivated to engage in the classroom discussion because their interests
and needs are met with exciting, interesting, and surprising learning materials.

Identifying the Curricula Operating in the Elementary /Secondary Schools

Direction: For each curriculum item in Column A, indicate what type of curriculum it is
being classified and its contribution to the development of school curriculum.

Curriculum Item Type of Curriculum Contribution to School Curriculum

1. Prototype Lesson Plan WRITTEN Prototype lesson plan provides understanding to

CURRICULUM students through reinforcement of different activities
inside the classroom. It encourages active
participation, motivates students to answer, and
provide learning experiences.

2. Portfolio ASSESSED Portfolio contributes to the teachers’ evaluation and

CURRICULUM assessment. It enables teachers to assess with
outmost knowledge on the performance and
progress of learning of every learner at the end of
the course period.

3. Teacher-Learner TAUGHT The interaction between teachers and students helps

Interactions CURRICULUM contribute to the never-ending learning process of
individuals. Through this, imparting and receiving
body of knowledge is easier, so thus meeting the
 educational needs of students and additional
knowledge to teachers.

4. Pencil-and-Paper ASSESSED Pencil and Paper Test is a traditional way of

Tests CURRICULUM teaching which helps determine the learners’
learning progress. With this, a teacher can evaluate
the students’ level of understanding to lessons
presented in the classroom environment. This test
helps the teachers acknowledge what methods to be
used to meet the learning goals and objectives.

5. School Environment School Environment contributes to the overall

learning process and progress of a learner. It is place
SUPPORTED
where the learning starts and where conducive
CURRICULUM
learning begins with.
School environment is the space for learning in
which educational lessons is being taught.

6. Audio-Visual SUPPORTED Audio-Visual materials provide an interacting,

Materials CURRICULUM interesting, engaging, and effective way of teaching.
It helps the students focus learn lessons while
enjoying listening and watching various learning
materials which leads to higher acquisition of
knowledge.

7. Textbooks/ebooks SUPPORTED Textbooks/E-Books contributes by providing

CURRICULUM lessons, and supports the students learning progress
with reading materials. This enables the students
unlock knowledge through reading and learn topics
using their intellectual capacity to reflect, analyze,
and digest informations. This kind of learning
materials is also a preference to the teachers’
discussion which helps them add contribution to
their knowledge to be deliver to the students.

8. Computers/laptops SUPPORTED Computer and Laptops supports the student learning

CURRICULUM more effectively in an easier way. Through
technology, education is made possible highlighting
latest and important informations which needs to be
taught in school. With the use of these materials;
teaching and learning becomes accessible to
 everyone. In this time of pandemic, these tools are
of most significant to the lives of students and
teachers. A progressivist material which improves
the development of learning conveniently and
effectively inside and outside the school
environment.

9. Experimental ASSESSED Experimental Activities are variety of activities to

activities CURRICULUM attain the goals and objectives of the written
curriculum. It contributes to every students’
intellectual; making them think and learn logically,
scientifically, rationally, and develop higher-order
thinking skills manifesting effective learning
experiences.
10. K to 12 Enhanced
WRITTEN K to 12 Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum
Basic Education
CURRICULUM contributes as a guide to teachers to develop the
Curriculum
holistic development of the learners. It improves and
develops the knowledge, skills, abilities,
characteristics, and individuality of the 21st century
learners to become globally competitive. It helps
improves the mastery of reading, writing, and
communication skills effectively. The growth and
development of every learners is honed through the
new curriculum designed and planned in order to
achieve greater outcome and success.