Experiment 2.

2: Density of liquid affects the pressure in liquid

Inference: Pressure in a liquid depends on the density of the liquid

Inferens: Tekanan cecair bergantung pada ketumpatan cecair
Hypothesis: The greater the density of the liquid, the higher the pressure in the liquid.
Hipotesis: Semakin tinggi ketumpatan cecair, semakin tinggi tekanan cecair.

Aim: To study the relationship between the density of the liquid and the pressure in the liquid.
Tujuan: Mengkaji hubungan antara ketumpatan cecair dengan tekanan cecair.

Variables:
Pemboleh ubah:

(a) Manipulated: Density of the liquid, r

Dimanipulasikan: Ketumpatan cecair, r
(b) Responding: Pressure in the liquid, represented by the difference in height of the water columns, D
Bergerak balas: Tekanan cecair yang diwakili oleh perbezaan ketinggian turus air, D
(c) Constant: Depth of the liquid
Dimalarkan: Kedalaman cecair

Apparatus: Four 600 ml beakers , silicone tube, thistle funnel, U-tube and two half-metre rule
Materials: Water, alcohol and glycerine and food colouring

Radas: Pembaris setengah meter, tiga buah bikar 600 ml, tiub-U, tiub silikon, corong tisel dengan muncung ditutup
oleh kepingan getah nipis dan kaki retort
Bahan: Pita pelekat, air, alkohol dan gliserin

Arrangement of apparatus:
Susunan radas:

Procedure:
Prosedur:

1. Mark all the beakers 2 cm from the base with masking tape.
Buat satu penanda 2 cm daripada dasar bikar dengan menggunakan pita pelekat bagi semua bikar.

2. Set up the apparatus as shown in diagram.

Sediakan susunan radas seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah.
 3. Bring the mouth of the thistle funnel near to the surface of the alcohol in beaker A. Slowly immerse the thistle
funnel vertically into the alcohol until the mouth of the thistle funnel is at the same level as the mark.
Dekatkan mulut corong tisel dengan permukaan alkohol di dalam bikar A. Tolak corong tisel secara menegak
ke dalam alkohol secara perlahan-lahan sehingga muncung corong tisel sama aras dengan penanda.

4. Determine the difference in height of the water columns, D between the two water levels in the U-tube. Then,
remove the thistle funnel and dry it.

5. Tentukan perbezaan ketinggian turus air, D antara dua aras air di dalam tiub-U. Kemudian, keluarkan dan
keringkan corong tisel.

6. Record the difference in height of the water columns, D in diagram.

Rekodkan perbezaan ketinggian turus air, D dalam jadual.

7. Repeat steps 3 to 6 for beaker B and beaker C.

Ulangi langkah 3 hingga 6 bagi bikar B dan bikar C.

Results:
Keputusan:

Beaker Type of liquid Density of liquid, r Difference in height of water column, D

Bikar Jenis cecair Ketumpatan cecair, r Perbezaan ketinggian turus air, D
(kg m-3) (cm)
Alcohol
A 790
Alkohol
Cooking oil
B 915
Minyak masak
Water
C 1000
Air
Glycerine
D 1260
Gliserin

Analysis of data:
Analisis data:
Relate the difference in height of the water columns in the U-tube to the density of the liquid.
Hubung kaitkan perbezaan ketinggian turus air dalam tiub-U dengan nilai ketumpatan cecair.

Conclusion:
Kesimpulan:

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Discussion:
Perbincangan:

1. Why is mercury not suitable as the liquid in the U-tube?

Mengapakah merkuri tidak sesuai digunakan sebagai cecair di dalam tiub-U.

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2. State one precaution for this experiment.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga dalam eksperimen ini.

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