ILIGAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
SELF-LEARNING ACTIVITY
Q1Week2Day1 Accurately formulate and solve real-life 100,000
Answer: The equation y = is a function because the
𝑥
problems involving rational functions.
degree of y is 1 and it is odd. Hence, we can write this
100,000
Specific Objectives for the Day function in terms of x as: 𝑓(𝑥)= and this is an example
𝑥
 Represents real-life situations using rational of rational function.
functions. 2. Joe enters a race where he has to cycle and run.
 Distinguishes rational function, rational equation, He cycles a distance of 25 km, and then runs for 20 km. His
and rational inequality. average running speed is half of his average cycling speed.
References Joe completes the race in less than 2½ hours, what can we say
Learning Material in General Mathematics pp 25-30 about his average speeds?
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
1. Follow the PROCEDURES (1-4) enumerated below. Solution:
2. If you encounter difficulties in following the steps, please
don’t hesitate to ask help from your parents, siblings, or you Step 1. Understand the Problem
may consult directly your teacher. BE RESOURCEFUL! Given: distance (cycle)=25km
PROCEDURES: distance (run)=20km
1. Prepare the items below: 1
ave. running speed = ave. cycling speed
Notebook, pen, paper, SLA for the Day, Coloring 2
materials (optional) and Cellphone, Laptop or PC with Let: s= ave. running speed
internet connection (optional) 2s=average cycling speed
2. Look Back. Let us check first the following terms before Step 2. Set-up a mathematical statement.
we go further on rational function. In your Physics class you were taught that d=st which means
𝑑 25
that t= . Hence, Joe’s cycling time is and his running
𝑠 2𝑠
Definition 1. A polynomial function p of degree n is a 20
time is .
function that can be written in the form: 𝑠
Finally, as mentioned above that Joe completes the race in
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 𝑛−1 + 𝑎𝑛−2 𝑥 𝑛−2 + ⋯ + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎0 1
where𝑎0 , 𝑎1 , … , 𝑎𝑛 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎𝑛 ≠ 0, and n is a positive less than 2 hrs. the mathematical statement for this case is:
2
integer. Each summand is a term of the polynomial function. 25 20 1
+ <2
The constants 𝑎0 , 𝑎1 , … , 𝑎𝑛 are the coefficients. The leading 2𝑠 𝑠 2
coefficient is 𝑎𝑛 . The leading term is 𝑎𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 and the constant Step3. Solve (This will be given in the next SLA)
term is 𝑎0 . At the moment let us ignore how to calculate the speed and
Ex. 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5, 𝑞(𝑡) = 𝑡 3 − 1 let us pay more attention to the mathematical statement
Definition 2. A rational function is a function of the form above. It is an inequality which contains rational expression
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑝(𝑥)
where 𝑝(𝑥) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞(𝑥) are polynomial functions, (fraction whose numerator and/or denominator are
𝑞(𝑥) polynomials). This is called rational inequality. Further, if
and 𝑞(𝑥) is not the zero function (i.e., 𝑞(𝑥) ≠ 0). The domain you change the inequality symbol above to an equal sign i.e.
of 𝑓(𝑥) is all values of x where 𝑞(𝑥) ≠ 0. 25 20 1
3𝑥 2 +4𝑥−5 + =2
Ex. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑠 𝑠 2
𝑥+1
then, the said equation is called rational equation.
Let’s try to understand examples of Real - world
3. PERFORMANCE TASK. In your activity notebook, do
applications of rational functions.
the following:
1. The local barangay received a budget of 100,000php to
3.1 Observe. In problem no.2 above, which step is the most
provide medical checkups for the children in the barangay.
challenging? Why?
The amount is to be allotted equally among all the children in
3.2Explore. Do you have other way of translating English to
the barangay. Write an equation representing the relationship
Mathematical statement? If yes, please write it in your
of the allotted amount per child (y-variable) versus the total
activity notebook.
number of children (x-variable).
𝟏𝟎𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎 3.3 Analyze. Using your own words, explain Step 2 above.
Answer: y = Write your answer in the activity notebook.
𝒙
Fill up the table below with the different allotment amounts
for the different values for the number of children using the 4. EVALUATION
equation 4.1 Answer the problem below in your Quiz Notebook.
No. of children, x 10 50 100 4.2 Write all pertinent solution without erasures.
Allotted amount, y Real - world Applications of Rational Functions.
1. In Example 1, a philanthropist wants to supplement the
Solution: budget allotted for each child by providing an additional
If x=10, If x=50, If x=100, 750php for each child in the barangay. If g(x) represents this
100,000 100,000 100,000
y= y= y= new amount allotted for each child, construct a function
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
100,000 100,000 100,000 representing this relationship.
= y= y=
10 50 100 2. In an inter-barangay basketball league, team A won 12 out
= 10,000 = 2,000 = 1,000 of 25 games. How many games should they win in a row to
improve their winning percentage to at least 60%? Write the
In our previous topic, we identify which equation represents
100,000 mathematical statement that represents the problem.
a function. In the example above y = , is this a
𝑥
function?