Republic of the Philippines

Bulacan State University

City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

2nd Semester, A.Y. 2019 – 2020

COE 202 – Engineering Data Analysis

Activity 02 – Descriptive Statistics (Describing Data Sets)

Carreon, Julles Giane T. BSME 2C

INSTRUCTION. Perform the following items and provide necessary calculations for your
solution.

1. The following are the ignition times of certain upholstery materials exposed to a
flame (given to the nearest hundredth of a second): Allot five (5) pages for your
solution in this item. 1 page per required statement
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

a) Draw the stem and leaf plot of these data.

Stem Leaf
0 1.20 2.11 3.10 4.11 5.09 5.92 6.85 8.79
1.38 2.20 3.24 4.19 5.11 5.92 6.90 8.80
1.42 2.32 3.49 4.32 5.12 6.20 7.35 9.20
1.47 2.46 3.62 4.50 5.15 6.25 7.40 9.45
1.52 2.46 3.75 4.54 5.21 6.37 7.41 9.65
1.58 2.50 3.78 4.56 5.33 6.40 7.60 9.70
1.70 2.51 3.81 4.71 5.40 6.43 7.86
1.76 2.58 3.87 4.72 5.50 6.43 7.95
1.79 2.65 3.90 4.79 5.62 6.75 8.64
1.92 2.80 4.04 4.90 5.84 6.77 8.75

1 0.60 1.25 1.75 2.80

 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

b) Determine the sample mean, sample median, sample variance and sample
standard deviation for the ungrouped data.

SAMPLE MEAN

𝑥̅= ∑X / n

𝑥̅= 417.78/80

𝑥̅ = 5.22

SAMPLE MEDIAN
𝟒.𝟗𝟎+𝟓.𝟎𝟗
𝑴𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 = 𝟐

Median = 4.995

SAMPLE VARIANCE
(𝑥𝑖 −x̅)2 582.7412
𝒔𝟐 = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑛−1
= 80−1
= 𝟕. 𝟑𝟕𝟔𝟒𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟖𝟔

SAMPLE STANDARD DEDVIATION

𝒔 = √𝒔𝟐

𝒔 = √𝟕. 𝟑𝟕𝟔𝟒𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟖𝟔

𝒔 = 𝟐. 𝟕𝟏𝟓𝟗𝟔𝟕𝟎𝟔𝟑
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

c) Using the raw (ungrouped) data, construct a box and whisker plot showing
the quartiles of the distribution of the ignition time. Support your
illustration by showing the manual calculation for the necessary quartile
and interquartile of the raw data.

Minimum 1.20

Q1 2.80

Q2 5.00

Q3 6.85

Maximum 12.8

Interquartile Range 4.05

Solution:
1 1
𝑸𝟏 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ = (80 + 1)𝑡ℎ = 20.25𝑡ℎ = 20𝑡ℎ = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟎
4 4

2 2 4.9+5.09
𝑸𝟐 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ = (80 + 1)𝑡ℎ = 40.5𝑡ℎ = = 𝟓. 𝟎𝟎
4 4 2

3 3
𝑸𝟑 = (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ = (80 + 1)𝑡ℎ = 60.75𝑡ℎ = 61𝑠𝑡 = 𝟔. 𝟖𝟓
4 4

𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 6.86 − 2.80 = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟓

 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

d) Group these figures into a table with a suitable number of equal classes
and construct a histogram.

Range
Lower Limit Upper Limit Frequency x fx fx^2 cf
1.20 2.20 12 1.7 20.4 34.68 12
2.21 3.21 9 2.71 24.39 66.0969 21
3.22 4.22 11 3.72 40.92 152.2224 32
4.23 5.23 13 4.73 61.49 290.8477 45
5.24 6.24 8 5.74 45.92 263.5808 53
6.25 7.25 9 6.75 60.75 410.0625 62
7.26 8.26 6 7.76 46.56 361.3056 68
8.27 9.27 5 8.77 43.85 384.5645 73
9.28 10.28 3 9.78 29.34 286.9452 76
10.29 11.29 2 10.79 21.58 232.8482 78
11.30 12.30 1 11.8 11.8 139.24 79
12.31 13.31 1 12.81 12.81 164.0961 80
-
80 419.8

Histogram
15
FREQUENCY

10
5
0

BIN

Frequency

Bin Frequency
2.20 12
3.21 9
4.22 11
5.23 13
6.24 8
7.25 9
8.26 6
9.27 5
10.28 3
11.29 2
12.30 1
13.31 1
More 0
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

e) Determine the sample mean, sample median, sample variance and sample
standard deviation for the grouped data.

SAMPLE MEAN

𝑥̅= ∑fx / n

𝑥̅= 417.78/80

𝑥̅ = 5.2225

SAMPLE MEDIAN
𝑛 80
−𝐹 −32
𝑴𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 = 𝐿 + 2
𝑓
× 𝑐 = 4.225 + 2
13
× 1 = 𝟒. 𝟖𝟒𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟒𝟔𝟏𝟓

SAMPLE VARIANCE
𝟐
(∑ 𝒇𝒙)
∑ 𝒇𝒙𝟐 −
𝟐
𝒔 = 𝒏−𝟏
𝒏

(𝟒𝟏𝟗. 𝟖𝟏)𝟐
𝟐𝟕𝟖𝟔. 𝟒𝟖𝟗𝟗 − 𝟖𝟎
𝒔𝟐 =
𝟖𝟎 − 𝟏
𝒔𝟐 = 7.385879098

SAMPLE STANDARD DEDVIATION

𝒔 = √𝒔𝟐

𝒔 = √𝟕. 𝟑𝟖𝟓𝟖𝟕𝟗𝟎𝟗𝟖

𝒔 = 𝟐. 𝟕𝟏𝟕𝟔𝟗𝟕𝟑𝟖𝟗
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

2nd Semester, A.Y. 2019 – 2020

COE 202 – Engineering Data Analysis

Activity 02 – Descriptive Statistics (Describing Data Sets)

Carreon, Julles Giane T. BSME 2C

INSTRUCTION. Perform the following items and provide necessary calculations for your
solution.

2. The following table gives the number of pedestrians, classified according to age
group and sex, killed in fatal road accidents in England in 1922.
a) Approximate the sample means of the ages of the males.
b) Approximate the sample means of the ages of the females.
c) Approximate the quartiles of the males killed.
d) Approximate the quartiles of the females killed.
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

Age
Lower Higher No. of No. of
Limit Limit x Males fx Cf Females fx cf
0 5 2.5 120 300 120 67 167.5 67
5 10 7.5 184 1380 304 120 900 187
10 15 13 44 550 348 22 275 209

15 20 18 24 420 372 15 262.5 224

20 30 25 23 575 395 25 625 249
30 40 35 50 1750 445 22 770 271
40 50 45 60 2700 505 40 1800 311
50 60 55 102 5610 607 76 4180 387
60 70 65 167 10855 774 104 6760 491
70 80 75 150 11250 924 90 6750 581
80 100 90 49 4410 973 27 2430 608
973 39800 608 24920

a) Sample means of the ages of the males.

∑𝑋 973
𝐱̅ = = = 𝟖𝟖. 𝟒𝟓
𝑛 11

b) Sample means of the ages of the females.

∑𝑋 608
𝐱̅ = = = 𝟓𝟓. 𝟐𝟕
𝑛 11

c) Quartiles of the males killed.

Minimum 23
First
Quartile 44
Median 60
Third
Quartile 150
Maximum 184

d) Quartiles of the females killed.

Minimum 15
First Quartile 22
Median 40
Third
Quartile 90
Maximum 120
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

2nd Semester, A.Y. 2019 – 2020

COE 202 – Engineering Data Analysis

Carreon, Julles Giane T. BSME 2C

Activity 02 – Descriptive Statistics (Describing Data Sets)

INSTRUCTION. Perform the following items and provide necessary calculations for your
solution.

3. Shown below are the result of the assessments done by an employee after taking
over a failing computer service center. The employee would like to carry out a
Pareto Analysis to assess and prioritize the biggest issues facing by their office.
Problem Cause Score
Too few customer
Phones aren't answered quickly enough. 15
services staff.
Too few customer
Staff seem distracted and under pressure. 6
services staff.
Engineers aren't well organized and often need to Poor organization
4
book second visits to bring extra parts. and preparation.
Engineers don't know what time they'll arrive.
Poor organization
This means that customers may have to be in all 2
and preparation.
day for an engineer to visit.
Customer service staff don't always seem to
Lack of training. 30
know what they're doing.
Customers are often booked in for an
appointment with an engineer, only to discover
Lack of training. 21
that the issue could have been solved on the
phone.

Construct a Pareto diagram showing the step-by-step procedure wherein the

“causes” will be plotted in the horizontal axis. Provide all the necessary
computations and illustration upon doing so. Present your solution and diagram
in another page for this item.
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

Cumulative
Cause Score Frequency
Too few customer services staff 15 19.23076923
Too few customer services staff 6 7.692307692
Poor organization and
preparation. 4 5.128205128
Poor organization and
preparation. 2 2.564102564
Lack of training. 30 38.46153846
Lack of training. 21 26.92307692

Cumulative Frequency

 Too few customer services staff.

15
𝒄𝒇 = ( ) × 100 = 𝟏𝟗. 𝟐𝟑𝟎𝟕𝟔𝟗𝟐𝟐𝟑
78
 Too few customer services staff.
6
𝒄𝒇 = ( ) × 100 = 𝟕. 𝟔𝟗𝟐𝟑𝟎𝟕𝟔𝟗𝟐
78
 Poor organization and preparation.
4
𝒄𝒇 = ( ) × 100 = 𝟓. 𝟏𝟐𝟖𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟏𝟐𝟖
78
 Poor organization and preparation.
2
𝒄𝒇 = ( ) × 100 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝟔𝟒𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟔𝟒
78
 Lack of training.
30
𝒄𝒇 = ( ) × 100 = 𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝟔𝟏𝟓𝟑𝟖𝟒𝟔
78
 Lack of training.
21
𝒄𝒇 = ( ) × 100 = 𝟐𝟔. 𝟗𝟐𝟑𝟎𝟕𝟔𝟗𝟐
78
 Republic of the Philippines
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

2nd Semester, A.Y. 2019 – 2020

COE 202 – Engineering Data Analysis

Activity 02 – Descriptive Statistics (Describing Data Sets)

Carreon, Julles Giane T. BSME 2C

INSTRUCTION. Perform the following items and provide necessary calculations for your
solution.

4. For instance, to determine the relationship between the daily mid-day

temperature (measured in degree Celsius) and the number of defective parts
produced during that day, a company recorded the data presented in the table
below. For this data set, xi represents the temperature in degrees Celsius and yi
the number of defective parts produced on day i.
a) Illustrate the given data set in a scatter diagram.
b) Describe the behavior of the diagram by determining the sample
correlation coefficient.

a.)
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Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

Number of
Temperature Defects
24.2 25
22.7 31
30.5 36
28.6 33
25.5 19
32 24
28.6 27
26.5 25
25.3 16
26 14
24.4 22
24.8 23
20.6 20
25.1 25
21.4 25
23.7 23
23.9 27
25.2 30
27.4 33
28.3 32
28.8 35
26.6 24
40

35

30
Number of Defects

25

20
Number of Defects
15
Linear (Number of Defects)
10

0
0 10 20 30 40
Temperature in Degree Celcius

Correlation
Value 0.418943954

b.)

The data show a positive correlation between the daily mid-day temperature (in degree
Celsius) and number of defective parts produced during that day.