Glossary LEED v4 Terms BD+C

LEED v4 Glossary of Terms with Translations
Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)
property left behind intentionally and permanently when it

appears that the former owner does not intend to come back, pick
it up, or use it. One may have abandoned the property of contract
rights by not doing what is required by the contract. However, an
abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just propriedade abandonada
because of nonuse. Abandoned land is defined as land not being
used at the present time but that may have utilities and
infrastructure in place.
vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do plantas adaptadas
not pose the same problems as invasive species.
a substance added to a product (e.g., paint, flooring) to kill or

inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Some products, such as
linoleum, exhibit natural antimicrobial properties. Despite current
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments agente antimicrobiano
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than adicionado
standard cleaning procedures. Also known as added microbial
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with
Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides factsheets/treatart.htm).
a site having at least a continuous 25% of its boundary bordering

parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of terreno adjacente
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the
calculation.
U.S. Green Building Council 1 of 658

material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the

active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each cobertura diária alternativa
alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and (alternative daily cover
(ADC)
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they (ADC)
do not allow gaps in the exposed landfill face. (CalRecycle)
low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen,

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and combustível alternativo
ethanol
nonpotable water from other than public utilities, on-site surface

sources, and subsurface natural freshwater sources. Examples
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, fonte de água alternativa
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis
systems (IgCC).
a metric that describes the potential for visual discomfort in

annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an exposição anual à luz solar
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance (ASE)
level more than a specified number of hours per year.
a built-in, nonstructural portion of a roof system. Examples include

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar acessório
energy panels.
reports the percentage of sensors in the analysis area, using a

maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be
ASE1000,250 exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250 ASE1000,250
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period
as sDA and using comparable simulation methods

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a montagem/conjunto

product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation)
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school perímetro de frequência
students attend based on where they live (escolar)
the illumination output for light-emitting diode lamps, as specified

intensidade média do LED
average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– (ALI)
2007
materials and products that make up the building or are

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., edifício base
flooring, casework, wall coverings)
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for desempenho do edifício
performance comparison with above-standard design baseline
before the LEED project was initiated, but not necessarily before
any development or disturbance took place. Baseline conditions
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer condição do baseline
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase
or option to purchase.
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- baseline do consumo de

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared água
with the design case or actual water meter data
the information necessary to accomplish the owner’s project

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental base do projeto (BOD)
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable
codes, standards, regulations, and guidelines

a continuous network consisting of any combination of the

following 1) off street bicycle paths or trails at least 8 feet (2.5
bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) rede de bicicletas
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a
target speed of 25 mph (40 kmh)
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and distância percorrida de
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. bicicleta
commercial or industrial products (other than food or feed) that

are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, material biodegradável
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of
LEED, this excludes leather and other animal hides.
wastewater containing urine or fecal matter that should be

discharged to the sanitary drainage system of the building or
premises in accordance with the International Plumbing Code.
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the água negra
use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered
blackwater under some state or local codes.
the removal of makeup water from a cooling tower or evaporative

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of purga
dissolved solids
real property or the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a brownfield
hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant.

a luminaire classification system that classifies luminaires in terms

of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former avaliação BUG (BUG rating)
cutoff ratings.
the portion of the site where construction can occur, including

land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in
buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way terreno edificável
and land excluded from development by codified law.
a structure’s primary and secondary weatherproofing system,

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant exterior de edifícios
barrier materials, and all building elements outside that system
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane interior de edifícios
an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or sistema de onibus rápido
bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the (BRT)
flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail.
a unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere compensação de carbono
(World Resources Institute)
a procedure that tracks a product from the point of harvest or

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of cadeia de custódia (COC)
processing, transformation, manufacturing, and distribution

an intensive, multiparty workshop that brings people from

charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, charrete
generate, and collaboratively produce design options
a fluid, containing hydrocarbons, that absorbs heat from a

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher refrigerante à base de
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause clorofluorcarbono (CFC)
depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer.
the point in time in the morning (dawn) or evening (dusk) when

the center of the sun is geometrically 6 degrees below the horizon.
Under good weather conditions, civil twilight is the best time to
civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the crepúsculo civil
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination
normally is required to carry on ordinary outdoor activities.
a space that is regularly occupied and used for educational

classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and sala de aula ou espaço
fundamental de
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ aprendizagem
academic achievement. (Adapted from ANSI S12.60)
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and resíduos limpos
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos.
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the vidraça transparente
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting.

a system that acts as a heat sink for heat-rejecting building and

medical equipment by recirculating water. Because the water is
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use resfriamento de ciclo
fechado
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from
an air handler's cooling coil condensate).
a measurement from 0 to 100 that indictes how accurately an

artificial light source, as compared with an incandescent light,
displays hues. The higher the index number, the more accurately
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting índice de reprodução de cor
(such as orange-hued roadway lights) measures approximately 25;
many fluorescent sources using rare earth phosphors have a color
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option descarga combinada do
forno
an integrated system that captures the heat, otherwise unused,

generated by a single fuel source in the production of electrical
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. cogeração
Environmental Protection Agency)
building waste streams that are combined on the project site and
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as resíduo misturado
single-stream recycling.
the process of verifying and documenting that a building and all of

its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested,
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project comissionamento (cx)
requirements

the individual designated to organize, lead, and review the

completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates
commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to autoridade de
(CxA) comissionamento
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in
accordance with the owner’s project requirements.
the measurement of the level of dissolved solids in water, using

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is condutividade
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for
standardization.
a region’s most common system for providing water to plants by

conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly irrigação convencional
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler
heads above the ground.
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because purga da torre de
cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. resfriamento
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution avaliação "berço ao portão"
and sale). It omits the use and the disposal phases of the product.
an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or paisagem cultural
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values
current facilities the implementation of the owner’s project requirements, requisitos atuais das
developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and
requirements (CFR) requirements instalações (CFR)

a designated area in a building space or a central facility that is

sized and allocated for a specific task, such as the collection of
recyclable waste. Signage often indicates the type of recyclable
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or armazenamento dedicado
batteries, may require particular handling or disposal methods.
Consult the municipality’s safe storage and disposal procedures or
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
website, at www.epa.gov.
a change in electricity use by demand-side resources from their

normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower resposta à demanda (DR)
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when
system reliability is jeopardized
a specific period of time when the utility or independent service

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- evento resposta à demanda
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a (DR)
curtailment event.
a temporary interior wall that can be easily reconfigured. In a

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, divisória desmontável
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from
being used
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per espaço densamente
densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) ocupado

a measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a

density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for densidade
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements.
Does not include structured parking.
– the floor area of a diagnostic and treatment of clinical

departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating área total do departamento
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space (departmental gross square
within the department are included in the calculation. This footage (DGSF))
calculation excludes inpatient units.
the total land area of a project site covered by buildings, streets, área de projeção do
development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces empreendimento
constructed as part of the project
a state in which two materials with different life spans make up

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be durabilidade diferencial
separated and replaced, the entire product must be thrown away.
a means of entering a space without having to leave the floor or

pass through another patient’s room, dedicated staff space, service
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public acesso direto
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day
space may be part of a direct access route.
an interior horizontal measurement of 1,000 lux or more of direct

beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no luz solar direta
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and
no contribution from the diffuse sky component (Adapted from IES)

a central energy conversion plant and transmission and

distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of sistema de energia do
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It distrito (DES) (District Energy
does not include central energy systems that provide only Systems (DES)
electricity.
a distinct business or organization that provides goods or services

intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a uso diverso
full list, see the Appendix.
the heating and cooling systems, equipment, and controls located

in the project building or on the project site and associated with
downstream equipment transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) equipamento downstream
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes
the thermal connection or interface with the DES, secondary
distribution systems in the building, and terminal units.
products with a useful life of approximately two or more years and

durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office bens duráveis (durable
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and goods)
audiovisual equipment.
the flow of long-lasting products from the project building after

they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful fluxo de resíduos de bens
durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods duráveis
that remain functional and are moved to another floor or building.

the conductors, including the ungrounded, grounded, and

equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors,
equipamento de
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or alimentação de veículo
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National elétrico
Electric Codes and California Article 625)
discarded office equipment (computers, monitors, copiers,

electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, resíduo eletrônico
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and
televisions and other audiovisual equipment
mercury in its purest form (rather than a mercury-containing

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent elemento mercúrio
and other bulb types
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is iluminação de emergência
always off during normal building operation
a nonresidential area of at least 5 acres (2 hectares) with a job central de empregos

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 (employment center)
employees per hectare net)
the exterior plus semi-exterior portions of the building. Exterior

consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned
spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior
enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated recinto
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic,
crawl space, basement).

a designation that allows an outside entity, such as USGBC, to

energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building prestadora de serviços de
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager energia
or a similar tool
a substance designed at the molecular (nanometer) level. Because

of its small size, it has novel properties generally not seen in its
engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National nanomaterial projetado
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme,
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio
n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf.
a statement that the item meets the environmental requirements

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– declaração ambiental de
declaration produto
2007
the combination of evaporation and plant transpiration into the

atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the evapotranspiração
movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of
water vapor.
measures undertaken by the maker of a product to accept its own

and sometimes other manufacturers’ products as postconsumer
waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and
extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To responsabilidade estendida
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely do produtor
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be
consistent with NSF/ANSI 140–2007. Also known as closed-loop
program or product take-back.

a roof that is covered with plants and typically not designed for
general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof
that requires little maintenance once established. The planting
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in telhado com cobertura
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the verde extensiva
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated
roofs and turf grass
a device installed on the outside of a water pipe to record the

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on medidor externo
meter.
the density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking,

measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures.
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) coeficiente de
aproveitamento (CA) ou
floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an índice de aproveitamento
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an (IA)
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and
an FAR of 0.5 would be 5,000 square feet (465 square meters).
the water discharged from a subsurface drainage system. If a

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be drenagem de fundação
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for
irrigation.

a cluster of freight-related businesses that include intermodal

transfer operations. Freight villages may offer logistics services,
integrated distribution, warehousing capabilities, showrooms, and
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, terminal intermodal de
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management cargas
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms,
hotels, and public or activity center transportation.
a building opening designed to be used by pedestrians and open

functional entry during regular business hours. It does not include any door entrada funcional
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not
designed as a pedestrian entrance.
the stand-alone furniture items purchased for the project,

including individual and group seating; open-plan and private-office
workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas,
bookshelves, filing cabinets, and other case goods; wall-mounted
visual-display products (e.g., marker boards and tack boards,
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as móveis e acessórios
easels, mobile carts, freestanding screens, installed fabrics, and
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape
dispensers, waste baskets, and all electrical items, such as lighting
and small appliances, are excluded.

metric used to communicate how many grams of emissions (e.g.,

grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a gramas de contaminantes
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period por potência de freio hora
“untreated household waste water which has not come into

contact with toilet waste. Graywater includes used water from
bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, and water from clothes-
washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and água cinza
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other
differences can likely be found in state and local codes. Project
teams should comply with the graywater definition established by
the authority having jurisdiction in the project area.
a soil- and vegetation-based approach to wet weather

management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and
green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management Infraestrutura Verde
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture
and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies.
(Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)

green power a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity energia verde
produced from renewable energy sources
vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American

green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle veículos verdes
rating guide (or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.).
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and greenfield
could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology
the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, hardscape
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios.
any item or agent (biological, chemical, physical) that has the

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, material perigoso
either by itself or through interaction with other factors
the thermal absorption by hardscape, such as dark, nonreflective

pavement and buildings, and its subsequent radiation to
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle efeito ilha de calor
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and
narrow streets reduce airflow and exacerbate the effect.
a transportation thoroughfare intended for motor vehicles with

highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, rodovia
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects
cities and towns.

a building or structure with historic, architectural, engineering,

archeological, or cultural significance that is listed or determined to
be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing
building or structure in a designated historic district. The historic
historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review edifício histórico
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of
Historic Places (or a local equivalent outside the U.S.), or have been
determined eligible for listing.
a group of buildings, structures, objects, and sites that have been

historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and bairro histórico
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or
noncontributing to the historic nature of the district
an item that consists of only one material throughout or a

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically material homogêneo
disjointed, excluding surface coatings
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs zona hídrica

the incident luminous flux density on a differential element of

surface located at a point and oriented in a particular direction,
expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is
differential, it is customary to refer to this as illuminance at a point.
illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: luminância
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square
meters are used. (Adapted from IES) In lay terms, illuminance is a
measurement of light striking a surface. It is expressed in
footcandles in the U.S. (based on square feet) and in lux in most
other countries (based on square meters).
an area of ground that development and building have modified in

such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through
impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved superfícies impermeáveis
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been
compacted either by design or by use.
an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual espaço individual do

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should ocupante
be treated separately where possible.
any water discharged from a factory setting. Before this water can
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or água de processo industrial
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation.
a site where at least 75% of the land area, exclusive of rights-of-

way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is terreno urbano vazio (infill
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not site)
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on
the other side of right-of-way or the street that matters.

(HVAC) uncontrolled inward air leakage to conditioned spaces

infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from infiltração
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure
differences that induce exfiltration. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010)
a value between 0 and 1 (or 0% and 100%) that indicates the

ability of a material to shed infrared radiation (heat). A cool roof
should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for
radiant energy is roughly 5 to 40 micrometers. Most building
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum emitância infravermelha (ou
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, térmica)
such as untarnished galvanized steel, have a low emittance and are
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast,
aluminum roof coatings have intermediate emittance levels.
(Adapted from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)
inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, paciente

or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours
inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit unidade de internação
where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours
an information conveyance system that cannot be easily removed.

For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking rotulagem plena
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of
manufacture.
a method of pest management that protects human health and

integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns controle integrado de pragas
management
through the most effective, least-risk option

an approach that involves people, systems, and business structures

(contractual and legal agreements) and practices. The process
integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve entrega de projeto integrado
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize
efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and
construction. (Adapted from American Institute of Architects)
a roof that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has

greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including
shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including telhado com cobertura
intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants verde intensiva
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife
populations. (Adapted from Green Roofs for Healthy Cities)
all the layers applied over a finished subfloor or stairs, including

stair treads and risers, ramps, and other walking surfaces. Interior
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, acabamento do piso interno
trusses, studs, or subfloors, or similar items. Interior finish also
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives.
all the layers comprising the exposed interior surfaces of buildings,

including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings,
interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish acabamento de parede
finish interna e teto
applied mechanically or for decoration, acoustical correction,
surface fire resistance, or similar purposes

a venue for the movement of goods in a single loading unit or road

intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation instalação intermodal
without the need to handle the goods themselves
nonnative vegetation that has been introduced to an area and that

aggressively adapts and reproduces. The plant’s vigor combined
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. planta invasora
(Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture)
electricity consumption by information technology and telecom

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage energia anual da TI
equipment over the course of a year
a device emitting light in a fixture, excluding lamp housing and

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also lâmpada
meet this definition.
the useful span of operation of a source of artificial light, such as

bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three
hours on for every 20 minutes off. For high-density discharge
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. vida útil da lâmpada
Lamp life depends on whether the start ballast is program or
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’
information. Also known as rated average life.

a private, nonprofit organization that, as all or part of its mission,

land trust actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in land trust
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of
such land or easements (Adapted from Land Trust Alliance)
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). entulho e solo provenientes
land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are
considered construction waste even if they were on site. da limpeza de terrenos
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for requisitos de água do
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month paisagismo (LWR)
a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking

lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, sem chumbo
pipe fittings, and well pumps
a registered pesticide in the Tier III (lowest toxicity) category, using

the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets
least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening pesticida do menor risco
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- (least-risk pesticide)
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants.
Rodenticides are never considered least-risk pesticides.
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an tempo de internação
admitted patient
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from avaliação do ciclo de vida
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006

a database that defines the environmental effects (inputs and

life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The inventário de ciclo de vida
database is specific to countries and regions within countries.
waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed

light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not poluição luminosa
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly
consumes energy.
transit service using two- or three-car trains in a right-of-way that

is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating veículo leve sobre trilhos
speeds are typically 40–55 mph (65–90 kmh). Light-rail corridors
typically extend 10 or more miles (16 kilometers).
obtrusive illumination that is unwanted because of quantitative,

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause transgressão de luz
annoyance, discomfort, distraction, or loss of visibility.
an intentional action by a utility to reduce the load on the system.

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such corte de carga
as capacity shortages, system instability, or voltage control.
long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees depósito de bicicletas de
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow longo prazo
an operational improvement, such as a repair, upgrade, or staff

training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility melhoria de baixo custo
resources and operating budgets.

an approach to managing rainwater runoff that emphasizes on-site

natural features to protect water quality, by replicating the natural
land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff
low-impact development close to its source. Examples include better site design principles desenvolvimento de baixo
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation,
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain impacto
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement,
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered
practices that may require specialized design assistance.
water that is fed into a cooling tower system or evaporative

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- água de reposição
off, or other causes
to capture and retain a specified volume of rainfall to mimic

natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management gestão (águas pluviais) no
manage (rainwater) on site
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and local
capture and reuse.
the limits of a site master plan. The master plan boundary includes
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites limite do master plan
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction.
of a source’s emitted light derived from industry standards, taken

mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as produção média de lúmens
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a medição
program-start ballast)

an item of furniture designed for use in health care. Examples

include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and mobiliário médico
overbed tables.
a regulator that limits the flow time of water, generally a manual-

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory controle de medição
faucets and showers
white and colored paper, envelopes, forms, file folders, tablets,

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone papel misto
books, and photos
shelving and cabinetry designed to be easily installed, moved, or

reconfigured. In a retail setting, items that are movable but
modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for armário embutido
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building
elements (e.g., a table or display bolted to the floor, or shelving
attached to a wall).
the distance between ground level (or the workplane) and the
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a altura de montagem
luminaire is installed. (Adapted from Light a Home)
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or armários embutidos e
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management divisórias
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, complexo para múltiplos
multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some
services and common areas. locatários

a unique five- or six-digit number used to identify specific lamps,

NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors código do NAED
an indigenous species that occurs in a particular region,

ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions.
Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they
native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these vegetação nativa
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife
species. Species native to North America are generally recognized
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement.
Also known as native plants.
a compound that is not manmade and is used for cooling. Such

natural refrigerant substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric refrigerante natural
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples
include water, carbon dioxide, and ammonia.
delimitação de solos do
serviço de conservação de
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries
Conservation Service (NRCS) types and special soil features on the site of different soil recursos naturais (natural
resources conservation
soils delineation service (NRCS) soils
delineation)
the natural land cover function of water occurrence, distribution, Hidrologia Natural do
natural site hydrology
movement, and balance Terreno
the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building área útil do programa
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components.

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or área não destinada a
non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals pacientes
who have been admitted for care
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards água não potável
an area that people pass through or an area used for focused

activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The
non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time espaços não regularmente
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used ocupados
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a
typical occupant spends in the space when it is in use.
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human sistemas de vaso sanitário
waste via microbiological processes seco
a plumbing fixture having a water flush with a trap that contains a

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer mictório seco
gas and odors
a system or switch that a person in the space can directly access

and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds.
occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system controle pelo ocupante
is not occupant controlled.
an enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those

occupiable space spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as espaço ocupável
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010)

enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those

spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied
occasionally and for short periods of time. Occupied spaces are
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied espaço ocupado
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or
nondensely occupied spaces based on the concentration of
occupants in the space.
a product that has a low cost per unit and is regularly used and
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner material de consumo
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as continuo
ongoing purchases.
on-site wastewater the transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of wastewater tratamento de água residual
treatment generated on the project site no local (in loco)
pavements that consist of loose substrates supported by a grid of a

more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and sistema de pavimentação de
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered blocos vazados (open-grid)
bounded materials. Unbounded, loose substrates do not transfer
and store heat like bound and compacted materials do.
a plan that specifies major system operating parameters and limits,

operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation plano de operação e
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and manutenção
maintenance of an approved emissions control device or system
a luminaire intended for illuminating portions of the circulation

network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a luminária ornamental
decorative or historical period appearance

a patient who is not hospitalized for 24 hours or more but who

outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis paciente externo
or treatment
a written document that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria

owner’s project exigências do projeto do
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the proprietário (OPR)
project
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location posição do paciente
where a patient receives clinical care
the maximum electricity load at a specific point in time or over a

peak demand period of time demanda de pico
the month with the greatest deficit between evapotranspiration

and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- mês com pico de irrigação
summer month. (Sustainable Sites Initiative)
a structure that cannot be moved by the user without tools or

permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples obstrução interna
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or permanente
partial-height partitions, some displays, and equipment.
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when mudança permanente de
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive carga de pico
permeable pavement a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the pavimento permeável
ground

a substance that poses a long-term risk to both humans and the

environment because it remains in the environment for long
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, produto químico
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these bioacumulativo persistente e
substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems tóxico (PBT)
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent
bioaccumulative toxic chemicals, www.epa.gov/pbt/.
an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green local de descanso
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief)
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to carga da tomada ou
plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. receptáculo
waste generated by households or commercial, industrial and

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can conteúdo reciclado pós‐
content consumo
no longer be used for its intended purpose
water that meets or exceeds U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local água potável
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or
municipal water systems

the electrical power from a device that allocates power to and

serves information technology (IT) equipment. Power distribution
unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any
transformation that occurs within the PDU, but it can include
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as
power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer saída da unidade de
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row distribuição de energia
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the
PDU output reading. The metering approach should be consistent
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE)
category (e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE
categories 1, 2, and 3).
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; eficiência do uso de energia
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment (power utilization
effectiveness (PUE) rather than for cooling and other overhead effectiveness (PUE))
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does equipamentos elétricos de
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications manutenção de piso
matter diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing

process, determined as the percentage of material, by weight.
Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells,
preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete conteúdo reciclado pré‐
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap consumo
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that
generated them (ISO 14021). Formerly known as postindustrial
content.

the parking spots closest to the main entrance of a building

preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For estacionamento preferencial
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the
entrance used by employees.
the wearing out or disuse of components or materials whose

service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a
premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 obsolescência prematura
years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as
their expected use are utilized to their maximum potential.
altered by paving, construction, and/or land use that would

typically have required regulatory permitting to have been initiated
(alterations may exist now or in the past). Land that is not
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or desenvolvido previamente
preserved natural area use are considered undeveloped land. The
date of previous development permit issuance constitutes the date
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not
constitute previous development.
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously terreno previamente
previously developed site developed land desenvolvido

land that has the best combination of physical and chemical

characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed
crops and that is available for these uses, as determined by the U.S.
prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation prime farmland
Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly
productive soil). For a complete description of what qualifies as
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7,
Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5.
a device that measures water flow and is installed downstream

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water medidor particular
system maintained by the building management team
power resources consumed in support of a manufacturing,

industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces
and maintaining comfort and amenities for building occupants of a
process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food energia de processo
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances.
(ASHRAE)
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release carga de processo ou carga
load of process energy (ASHRAE) não regulada
water that is used for industrial processes and building systems,

process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to água de processo
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes
washing, and ice making.

an item that arrives on the project site either as a finished element

ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled
on-site. The product unit is defined by the functional requirement produto (produtos de
product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and edifícios permanentemente
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently instalados)
installed building product. In addition, similar products within a
specification can each contribute as separate products.
a system for the provision to the public of water for human

consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To abastecimento público de
public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted água (PWS)
from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
the capture, diversion, and storage of rain for future beneficial

use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance coleta de água da chuva
system. The harvested rainwater can be used for irrigation.
the basic substance from which products are made, such as

raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., matéria-prima
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone,
agrifiber, bamboo, and wood
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse água recuperada
defined in accordance with the International Organization of

Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and
recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II conteúdo reciclado
environmental labeling)

reference the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no taxa de evapotranspiração
moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. de referência
a soil native to the project site, as described in Natural Resources

Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey
outside the United States), or undisturbed native soils within the
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil solo de referência (reference
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing soil)
soil, reference soils are defined as undisturbed native soils within
the project’s region that support appropriate native plant species
similar to those intended for the new project.
an item that has completed its life cycle and is prepared for reuse
without substantial alteration of its form. Refurbishing involves
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the material reformado
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a
product.
an area where one or more individuals normally spend time (more

than one hour per person per day on average) seated or standing
as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a
building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be espaços regularmente
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces ocupados
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based
on the time a typical occupant spends in the space when it is in
use.

a frequently used means of gaining access to a building. Examples

include the main building entrance as well as any building
regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking entrada externa usada
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical regularmente
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between
concourses, and interior spaces are not included.
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive carga regulada
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010
an item that has been repaired or adjusted and returned to

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as produto remanufaturado
if it were new.
energy sources that are not depleted by use. Examples include

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, energia renovável
plus geothermal energy and wave and tidal systems.
a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity certificado de energia

renewable energy credit was generated from a renewable resource. RECs are sold
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of renovável (renewable
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. energy certificate (REC))
the reemployment of materials in the same or a related capacity as

their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery reuso
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or
construction sites. Also known as salvage.

the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that
reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design área reutilizada
a measurement tool designed to meet strict accuracy standards

revenue-grade meter required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue medidor de consumo de
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the energia elétrica
customer.
a transit service in which individuals travel together in a passenger

car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include
human-powered conveyances, which must accommodate at least
rideshare carona solidária
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area,
fixed route service, fixed fare structure, regular operation, and the
ability to pick up multiple riders.
a construction component recovered from existing buildings or

salvaged material construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include material recuperado
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and
decorative items.
the authority responsible for decision making about school

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. autoridade em educação
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious
institutions.
direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site emissões de Escopo 1

indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation

Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through emissões de Escopo 2
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption
the percentage of analysis points across the analysis area that

sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis sDA300/50%
period
the information technology (IT) load as measured at the point of

connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical
server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the entrada do servidor
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT
loads (e.g., rack-mounted fans).
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly vida útil
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment
a place of congregation, or where occupants pursue overlapping or espaço multiocupante

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks compartilhado
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space

shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. espaço da casca
depósito de bicicletas de
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period curto prazo (short-term
of two hours or less.
bicycle storage)
(also known as “building-massing model energy analysis”) a simple

base-case energy analysis that informs the team about the análise de modelagem de
simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to energia simples (simple box
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis energy modeling analysis)
uses a basic, schematic building form.

an evaluation of an area’s aboveground and subsurface

characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site
assessments typically help determine whether contamination has
site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of avaliação do terreno
pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated
during site assessments.
an overall design or development concept for the project and

associated (or potentially associated) buildings and sites. The plan
site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The master plan do terreno
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if
applicable), site drawings of planned phased development, and
narrative descriptions.
an area whose functions can be easily changed. For example,

hospital administrative offices could be moved so that this soft
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with espaço flexível
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to
relocate.
the elements of a landscape that consist of live, horticultural

softscape elements softscape
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- sistema de geração de
solar garden/ community connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables energia solar/sistema de
renewable energy system energia renovável
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) comunitário

the fraction of solar energy that is reflected by a surface on a scale

of 0 to 1. Black paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint
(titanium dioxide) has a solar reflectance of 1. The standard
solar reflectance (SR) technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric refletância solar (SR)
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then
determined by an averaging process, using a standard solar
spectrum, as documented by ASTM Standards E903 and E892.
a measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the

sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiation. It is
defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a
standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a índice de reflexão solar (SRI)
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is
calculated according to ASTM E 1980. Calculation of the aged SRI is
based on the aged tested values of solar reflectance and thermal
emittance.
a set of uniformity criteria that ensure consistent intelligibility and

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a cobertura de nível de ruído
space

a decrease in the amount of unnecessary material brought into a

source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing redução na fonte
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy.
a metric describing annual sufficiency of ambient daylight levels in

interior environments. It is defined as the percentage of an analysis
area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across
an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level autonomia espacial de
spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the iluminação natural (spatial
(sDA)
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, daylight autonomy)
2001). The illluminance level and time fraction are included as
subscripts, as in sDA300,50%. The sDA value is expressed as a
percentage of area.
a condition in which speech is unintelligible to casual listeners

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) privacidade de fala
the distribution of acoustic energy as a function of frequency for

speech spectra human speech espectro de fala
a transit service with small, individual rail cars. Spacing between

streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, bonde
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh).
Streetcar routes typically extend 2–5 miles (3-8 kilometers).
elements carrying either vertical or horizontal loads (e.g., walls,

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and estrutura
nonhazardous

provides the information needed to understand, operate, and

maintain the systems and assemblies within a building. It expands
the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed manual de sistemas
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project
requirements, operation and maintenance manuals, and sequences
of operation.
an approach to hydrology in which watersheds are modeled to

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, publicação técnica 55
Technical Release (TR) 55
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA (Technical Release 55)
Soil Conservation Service
the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a specimen to that

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted emitância térmica
from Cool Roof Rating Council)
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is valor de SR ou SRI após três
value measured after three years of weather exposure anos
an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time preço por horário do dia
periods
vehicle storage that is underground, under deck, under roof, or

undercover parking under a building estacionamento coberto

the electricity provided by a unit that keeps information

technology (IT) equipment functioning during a power outage. UPS
output does not include efficiency losses from the unit itself but
does include losses from downstream electrical distribution
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- saída do no-break (UPS)
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers),
this usage must be metered and subtracted from the UPS output
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category
(e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE categories 1, 2 and
3).
hazardous items that are easily purchased and commonly used.

universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing resíduo universal
equipment, and light bulbs. See
epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm.
an area designed for equipment, machinery, or storage rather than

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied espaço não ocupado
only if retrieval of equipment is occasional.
a heating or cooling system or control associated with the district

energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or
upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal equipamento upstream
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the
project building or site.

the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s certification for products that

contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt)
produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones. certificação orgânica do
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved USDA (USDA Organic)
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not
commercially available in organic form.
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that luminância vertical
occur on a vertical plane.
the glass portion of an exterior window that permits views to the

exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the vidraça em área de visão
vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned (vision glazing)
glazing, or added tints that distort color balance.
the distance that a pedestrian must travel between origins and

destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable
environment on a continuous network of sidewalks, all weather-
walking distance distância para caminhar
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities.
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is
accessible to all building users.
a management activity that disposes of waste through methods reaproveitamento de

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and resíduos
recycling.
the conversion of nonrecyclable waste materials into usable heat,

electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and energia de resíduos
landfill gas (LFG) recovery

the surface water of a stream (first-order and higher, including

water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or curso de água
ocean. It does not include irrigation ditches.
a project-specific method of calculating the amount of water

required by the building and associated grounds. The budget takes
into account indoor, outdoor, process, and makeup water demands
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets orçamento para água
must be associated with a specified amount of time, such as a
week, month, or year and a quantity of water such as kGal, or liters.
a device installed inside a water pipe to record the volume of

wet meter passing water hidrômetro
an area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water

at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under
normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands zona úmida
generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas, but
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent
wetland.
plant-based materials that are eligible for certification under the

wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm madeira
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation xeriscape

a vehicle used primarily to facilitate the movement of truck trailers

and other types of large shipping containers from one area of a site
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as cavalo mecânico de
manobra
terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig, yard goat, or yard
hustler.
zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with projeto construído na divisa
the site limits

Term (English) Definition (English) Portuguese Definition
property left behind intentionally and permanently when it propriedade abandonada intencional e permanentemente,
quando parece que o antigo proprietário não tem intenção de
appears that the former owner does not intend to come back, pick retornar, tomar posse dela ou utilizá-la. Uma pessoa pode ter
rights by not doing what is required by the contract. However, an abandonado a propriedade de direitos de contrato por não fazer o
abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just que é exigido por contrato. No entanto, uma servidão e outros
direitos de terra não são propriedade abandonada apenas por falta
because of nonuse. Abandoned land is defined as land not being de uso. Um terreno abandonado é definido como um terreno não
used at the present time but that may have utilities and utilizado no momento, mas que pode ter serviços públicos e
infraestrutura instalados.
vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has vegetação que não é nativa de determinada região, mas com
adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do características que a permitem viver na área. Plantas adaptadas
not pose the same problems as invasive species. não apresentam os mesmos problemas de espécies invasoras.
uma substância adicionada a um produto (por exemplo, tinta,

assoalho) para matar ou inibir o crescimento de micro-organismos.
a substance added to a product (e.g., paint, flooring) to kill or Alguns produtos, como linóleo, têm propriedades antimicrobianas
linoleum, exhibit natural antimicrobial properties. Despite current naturais. Apesar da prática atual, a ciência não provou que
tratamentos antimicrobianos reduzem a transferência de infecção
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments em acabamentos de construção com mais eficácia que os
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than
standard cleaning procedures. Also known as added microbial procedimentos de limpeza padrão. Também conhecido como
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with agente antimicrobiano adicionado. Consulte a ficha técnica da
agência de proteção ambiental (EPA) dos EUA, Consumer Products
Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides factsheets/treatart.htm). Treated with Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides
factsheets/treatart.htm).
a site having at least a continuous 25% of its boundary bordering um terreno com continuidade de pelo menos 25% contínuos de
parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider seus lotes limítrofes sendo terrenos previamente desenvolvidos.
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of São considerados apenas os lotes limítrofes, que não interferem
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the em vias de passagem. Qualquer parte do limite que faz fronteira
calculation. com um curso de água é excluída do cálculo.

material diferente de terra colocado na superfície da face ativa de

material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the um aterro sanitário municipal de resíduos sólidos ao final de cada
active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each
alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and dia de operação para o controle de vetores, incêndios, odores,
(ADC) sujeira levada pelo vento e catadores de lixo. Geralmente, esses
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they materiais devem ser processados para que não haja espaços vazios
do not allow gaps in the exposed landfill face. (CalRecycle) na face exposta do aterro sanitário. (CalRecycle)
low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, combustíveis pouco poluentes, sem utilização de gasolina, como
alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and eletricidade, hidrogênio, propano, gás natural comprimido, gás
ethanol natural líquido, metanol e etanol.
nonpotable water from other than public utilities, on-site surface água não potável que não venha de serviços públicos, fontes
sources, and subsurface natural freshwater sources. Examples superficiais no local e fontes naturais subterrâneas de água doce.
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, Exemplos incluem água cinza, água recuperada no local, água de
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis chuva coletada, condensação capturada e água rejeitada de
systems (IgCC). sistemas de osmose inversa (IgCC).
a metric that describes the potential for visual discomfort in uma medição que descreve o potencial de desconforto visual em
ambientes de trabalho internos. É definida como a porcentagem de
annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance uma área de análise que excede determinado nível de luminância
level more than a specified number of hours per year. por luz solar direta por mais que um número específico de horas
por ano.
a built-in, nonstructural portion of a roof system. Examples include uma parte integrada e não estrutural de um sistema de telhado.
appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar Exemplos incluem claraboias, exaustores, equipamentos
energy panels. mecânicos, divisórias e painéis de energia solar.
reports the percentage of sensors in the analysis area, using a reporta a porcentagem de sensores na área da análise, com um
maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be espaçamento máximo de 2 pés (60 cm) entre pontos, expostos a
ASE1000,250 exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250 mais de 1000 lux de luz solar direta por mais de 250 horas por ano,
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed antes do uso de cortinas e persianas para bloquear a entrada de luz
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period solar, considerando o mesmo período de análise de 10 horas/dia
as sDA and using comparable simulation methods como sDA e utilizando métodos de simulação comparáveis


um produto formulado com diversos materiais (por exemplo,
a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a concreto)
assembly ou formado por subcomponentes (por exemplo, uma
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) estação de trabalho)
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school os limites usados por distritos escolares para determinar qual
students attend based on where they live escola um aluno frequenta com base no local de moradia
the illumination output for light-emitting diode lamps, as specified a produção de iluminação de lâmpadas de diodos emissores de luz
conforme especificada pela norma 127-2007 da Comissão
average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– Internacional de Iluminação (International Commission on
2007 Illumination).
materials and products that make up the building or are materiais e produtos que formam o edifício ou estão instalados de
base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., maneira permanente e semi-permanente no projeto (por exemplo,
flooring, casework, wall coverings) pisos, armários, revestimentos de parede)
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for o custo anual de energia do projeto de um edifício, usado como
performance comparison with above-standard design referência básica para comparação com projetos de alta qualidade
before the LEED project was initiated, but not necessarily before antes do início do projeto LEED, mas não necessariamente antes
any development or disturbance took place. Baseline conditions de qualquer desenvolvimento ou distúrbio. As condições do
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer baseline descrevem o estado do terreno do projeto na data em que
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase o incorporador adquiriu os direitos da maior parte do terreno
or option to purchase. edificável através de compra ou opção de compra.
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- uma projeção calculada do uso de água do edifício, considerando
equipamentos e acessórios em conformidade com os códigos, sem
baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared economias adicionais em comparação com o projeto proposto ou
with the design case or actual water meter data dados reais de medição de água
the information necessary to accomplish the owner’s project as informações necessárias para atender aos requisitos de projeto
basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental do proprietário, incluindo descrições de sistemas, critérios de
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable qualidade do ambiente interno, suposições do projeto e
codes, standards, regulations, and guidelines referências a códigos, normas, regulamentos e diretrizes aplicáveis

uma rede contínua formada por qualquer combinação de 1)

a continuous network consisting of any combination of the caminhos ou trilhas para bicicletas fora das ruas, com pelo menos 8
meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) pés (2,5 metros) de largura para vias de mão dupla e pelo menos 5
bicycle network pés (1,5 metro) de largura para vias de mão única; 2) pistas
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle fisicamente designadas para bicicletas nas ruas, com pelo menos 5
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a pés (1,5 metro) de largura; 3) ruas projetadas para uma velocidade
esperada de 25 mph (40 km/h)
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and a distância que um ciclista deve percorrer entre origens e destinos,
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. cuja totalidade deve ser em uma rede de bicicletas.
commercial or industrial products (other than food or feed) that produtos comerciais ou industriais (que não sejam alimentos ou
are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological pasto) compostos na totalidade ou em parte significativa por
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, produtos biológicos, materiais agrícolas renováveis (incluindo
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of materiais vegetais, animais e marinhos) ou materiais de floresta.
LEED, this excludes leather and other animal hides. Para os fins do LEED, isso exclui couro e outras peles de animais.
wastewater containing urine or fecal matter that should be água residuária contendo urina ou matéria fecal que deve ser
despejada no sistema de drenagem sanitária do edifício ou
discharged to the sanitary drainage system of the building or instalações de acordo com o Código Internacional de Hidráulica
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the (International Plumbing Code). A água residuária de pias de cozinha
use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered (às vezes diferenciada pelo uso combinado de um dispositivo de
descarte de lixo), chuveiros e banheiras é considerada água negra
blackwater under some state or local codes. em alguns códigos estaduais e municipais.
the removal of makeup water from a cooling tower or evaporative a remoção de água de reposição de uma torre de resfriamento ou
blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of sistema de recirculação de condensador evaporativo para reduzir
dissolved solids as concentrações de sólidos dissolvidos
real property or the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which imóvel cuja expansão, desenvolvimento ou reuso pode ser
brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a complicado pela presença ou possível presença de uma substância
hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. perigosa, um poluente ou um contaminante.

a luminaire classification system that classifies luminaires in terms um sistema de classificação de luminárias que classifica luminárias
of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA quanto à iluminação por trás (ou retroiluminação), iluminação para
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former cima e ofuscamento (retirado do Model Lighting Ordinance da
IES/IDA). As avaliações BUG prevalecem sobre as antigas avaliações
cutoff ratings. cutoff.
the portion of the site where construction can occur, including a parte do terreno na qual pode haver construção, incluindo
land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in terreno voluntariamente separado e não construído. Quando
buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way usado em cálculos de densidade, o terreno edificável exclui vias
and land excluded from development by codified law. públicas e terreno excluído do desenvolvimento por lei.
a structure’s primary and secondary weatherproofing system, os sistemas primário e secundário de impermeabilização de uma
building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant estrutura, incluindo membranas de impermeabilização e barreiras
barrier materials, and all building elements outside that system de materiais resistentes a ar e água, e todos os elementos de
construção fora do sistema
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane tudo dentro da membrana de impermeabilização de uma estrutura
an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or um sistema de ônibus aprimorado que opera em pistas exclusivas
bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the para ônibus ou outras vias de tráfego. O sistema é projetado para
flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail. combinar a flexibilidade dos ônibus com a eficácia dos trilhos.
a unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or uma unidade de dióxido de carbono equivalente que é reduzida,
carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere evitada ou isolada para compensar por emissões que ocorrem em
(World Resources Institute) outro lugar (World Resources Institute)
a procedure that tracks a product from the point of harvest or um procedimento que rastreia um produto do ponto de coleta ou
chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of extração até seu uso final, incluindo todos os estágios sucessivos de
processing, transformation, manufacturing, and distribution processamento, transformação, fabricação e distribuição

an intensive, multiparty workshop that brings people from uma reunião intensiva e entre múltiplas partes que reúne pessoas
charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, que diferentes disciplinas e experiências para explorar, gerar e
generate, and collaboratively produce design options produzir opções de projeto de maneira colaborativa
a fluid, containing hydrocarbons, that absorbs heat from a um fluido, contendo hidrocarbonetos, que absorve calor de um
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher reservatório em baixas temperaturas e rejeita o calor em
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause temperaturas maiores. Quando liberados na atmosfera, CFCs
depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. provocam a destruição da camada de ozônio estratosférico.
o horário durante a manhã (amanhecer) ou tarde (anoitecer)

the point in time in the morning (dawn) or evening (dusk) when quando o centro do sol está geometricamente 6 graus abaixo do
Under good weather conditions, civil twilight is the best time to horizonte. Com boas condições climáticas, o crepúsculo civil é o
civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the melhor horário para distinguir objetos terrestres com clareza.
Antes do crepúsculo civil pela manhã e após o crepúsculo civil ao
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination anoitecer, geralmente é necessária iluminação artificial para
realizar atividades em áreas externas.
a space that is regularly occupied and used for educational um espaço regularmente ocupado e usado para atividades de
classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and educação. Nesse espaço, as funções primárias são ensino e
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ aprendizagem, e uma boa comunicação oral é fundamental para o
academic achievement. (Adapted from ANSI S12.60) sucesso acadêmico dos alunos. (Adaptado de ANSI S12.60)
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and materiais não perigosos restantes de construção e demolição.
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. Resíduos limpos não incluem chumbo e amianto.
vidro que é transparente e possibilita visualização através da

clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the fenestragem. Vidros difusos possibilitam apenas iluminação
natural.

um sistema que funciona como dissipador de calor para

a system that acts as a heat sink for heat-rejecting building and equipamentos médicos e de construção circulando a água. Como a
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use água fica vedada dentro do sistema, alguns sistemas de
resfriamento de ciclo fechado usam água não potável (como água
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from de processo reciclada coletada no condensado da bobina de
an air handler's cooling coil condensate). resfriamento de uma unidade de tratamento de ar.)
uma medição de 0 a 100 que determina a precisão com que uma

a measurement from 0 to 100 that indictes how accurately an fonte de luz artificial, em comparação com uma lâmpada
artificial light source, as compared with an incandescent light, incandescente, exibe matizes. Quanto maior o número do índice,
maior a precisão da reprodução de cor da luz. A iluminação
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color incandescente tem um índice de reprodução de cor acima de 95;
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting iluminação de sódio de alta pressão padrão (como luzes de rodovia
many fluorescent sources using rare earth phosphors have a color de cor alaranjada) têm índices de aproximadamente 25; diversas
fontes fluorescentes que utilizam fósforos de terra rara têm índices
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY de reprodução de cor de 80 e acima. (Adaptado de U.S. ENERGY
STAR) STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option água liberada de um forno que inclui um ciclo ou opção de vapor
an integrated system that captures the heat, otherwise unused, um sistema integrado que captura o calor, que de outra forma não
generated by a single fuel source in the production of electrical seria usado, gerado por uma única fonte de combustível na
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. produção de energia elétrica. (Adaptado da Agência de Proteção
Environmental Protection Agency) Ambiental (EPA) dos EUA)
building waste streams that are combined on the project site and fluxos de resíduos do edifício que são combinados no terreno do
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as projeto e transportados para classificação em fluxos recicláveis.
single-stream recycling. Também chamado de reciclagem de fluxo único.
the process of verifying and documenting that a building and all of o processo de verificar e documentar que um edifício e todos os
its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, seus sistemas e conjuntos são planejados, projetados, instalados,
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project testados, operados e mantidos de acordo com os requisitos de
requirements projeto do proprietário

the individual designated to organize, lead, and review the a pessoa designada para organizar, conduzir e revisar a conclusão
completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates de atividades do processo de comissionamento. A CxA facilita a
commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to comunicação entre o proprietário, o projetista e o empreiteiro para
(CxA)
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in garantir que sistemas complexos sejam instalados e funcionem de
accordance with the owner’s project requirements. acordo com os requisitos do projeto do proprietário.
the measurement of the level of dissolved solids in water, using a medição do nível de sólidos dissolvidos na água, utilizando a
conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is capacidade de uma corrente elétrica de passar pela água. Como é
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for afetada pela temperatura, a condutividade é medida a 25°C para
standardization. padronização.
a region’s most common system for providing water to plants by o sistema mais comum em uma região para fornecer água a
conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly plantas por meios não naturais. Um sistema de irrigação
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler convencional geralmente usa pressão para fornecer água e
heads above the ground. distribuí-la por meio de sprinklers acima do solo.
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because a água liberada de uma torre de resfriamento, normalmente
porque uma maior salinidade ou alcalinidade provocou escamação.
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. A purga da torre de resfriamento pode estar salina demais para uso
na irrigação de paisagismo.
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction análise do ciclo de vida parcial de um produto, da extração do
cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution recurso (berço) ao portão da fábrica (antes do transporte para
and sale). It omits the use and the disposal phases of the product. distribuição e venda). Omite as fases de uso e descarte do produto.
an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural uma área geográfica oficialmente designada que inclui recursos
cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or naturais e culturais associados a um acontecimento, atividade ou
personalidade histórica ou que apresenta outros valores culturais
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values ou estéticos significativos
current facilities the implementation of the owner’s project requirements, a implementação dos requisitos do projeto do proprietário,
developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and desenvolvida para confirmar as necessidades e requisitos
requirements (CFR) requirements operacionais atuais do proprietário

uma área designada em um espaço de edifício ou uma instalação

a designated area in a building space or a central facility that is central de tamanho definido e alocada para uma tarefa específica,
sized and allocated for a specific task, such as the collection of como a coleta de resíduos recicláveis. Muitas vezes a sinalização
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based indica o tipo de resíduos recicláveis armazenados. Alguns fluxos de
resíduos, como lâmpadas à base de mercúrio, documentos
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or confidenciais em papel, resíduos biomédicos ou baterias podem
batteries, may require particular handling or disposal methods. precisar de métodos de manuseio ou descarte específicos. Consulte
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency os procedimentos de armazenamento e descarte seguros do
website, at www.epa.gov. município ou siga as orientações publicadas no site da Agência de
Proteção Ambiental (EPA) dos EUA, www.epa.gov.
uma mudança no uso de eletricidade por recursos do lado de

a change in electricity use by demand-side resources from their demanda em relação aos padrões de consumo normais, em
resposta a mudanças no preço da eletricidade ou para incentivar
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower pagamentos projetados para induzir um menor uso de eletricidade
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when em épocas de alta de preços no mercado ou quando a
confiabilidade do sistema estiver prejudicada
a specific period of time when the utility or independent service um período de tempo específico em que o operador do serviço
público ou serviço independente solicita uma mudança no padrão
demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- ou nível de uso de eletricidade baseada na rede por parte dos
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a
curtailment event. participantes de seu programa. Também chamado de evento de
redução.
a temporary interior wall that can be easily reconfigured. In a uma parede interna temporária que pode ser reconfigurada
demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, facilmente. Em uma unidade de saúde, preocupações com acústica
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from e equipamentos embutidos, como em uma sala de cirurgia, podem
being used impedir o uso de divisórias desmontáveis.
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per uma área com densidade de ocupantes prevista de 25 pessoas ou
densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) mais por 1000 pés quadrados (93 metros quadrados)

a measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a uma medida da área de piso total do edifício ou unidades
habitacionais em uma área do terreno em relação ao terreno
density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for edificável da área em questão. As unidades de medida de
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. densidade podem diferir de acordo com os requisitos do crédito. A
densidade não inclui estacionamento estruturado.
– the floor area of a diagnostic and treatment of clinical – a área de piso de um departamento de diagnóstico e tratamento
departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating clínico, calculada a partir da linha central das paredes que separam
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space o departamento dos espaços adjacentes. As paredes e o espaço de
within the department are included in the calculation. This circulação dentro do departamento são incluídos no cálculo. O
calculation excludes inpatient units. cálculo exclui unidades de internação de pacientes.
the total land area of a project site covered by buildings, streets, a área total do terreno de um projeto coberta por edifícios, ruas,
development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces áreas de estacionamento e outra superfícies tipicamente
constructed as part of the project impermeáveis construídas como parte do projeto
a state in which two materials with different life spans make up um estado no qual dois materiais com vidas úteis diferentes
formam um componente completo. Se um material desgastar e
differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be não puder ser separado e substituído, todo o produto deve ser
descartado.
a means of entering a space without having to leave the floor or uma forma de entrar em um espaço sem deixar o andar ou passar
pelo quarto de outro paciente, espaço dedicado à equipe, espaço
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public de serviços ou serviço público ou grande espaço público.
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day Corredores de circulação de pacientes e público, áreas de estar
comuns e salas de espera podem fazer parte de uma rota de acesso
space may be part of a direct access route. direto.
an interior horizontal measurement of 1,000 lux or more of direct uma medição horizontal interna de 1000 lux ou mais de luz solar
beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular direta que responde por transmitância de janela e efeitos
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no angulares e exclui o efeito de qualquer persiana operável, sem
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and contribuição da luz refletida (ou seja, análise de difusão zero) e sem
no contribution from the diffuse sky component (Adapted from IES) contribuição do componente de céu difuso (Adaptado da IES)

a central energy conversion plant and transmission and uma unidade central de conversão de energia e um sistema de
distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of transmissão e distribuição que fornece energia térmica a um grupo
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It de edifícios (por exemplo, uma unidade de resfriamento central em
does not include central energy systems that provide only um campus universitário). Não inclui sistemas centrais de energia
electricity. que fornecem somente eletricidade.
a distinct business or organization that provides goods or services uma empresa ou organização distinta que fornece bens ou serviços
intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated destinados a atender as necessidades diárias e está publicamente
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a disponível. Unidades automatizadas, como caixas eletrônicos ou
máquinas de vendas, não estão incluídas. Para uma lista completa,
full list, see the Appendix. consulte o apêndice.
the heating and cooling systems, equipment, and controls located os sistemas de aquecimento e resfriamento, equipamentos e
in the project building or on the project site and associated with controles localizados no edifício ou terreno do projeto e associados
downstream equipment transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) ao transporte da energia térmica do sistema de energia do distrito
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes (DES) para espaços aquecidos e resfriados. Equipamentos a jusante
the thermal connection or interface with the DES, secondary incluem a conexão ou interface térmica com o DES, sistemas de
distribution systems in the building, and terminal units. distribuição secundários no edifício e unidades térmicas.
products with a useful life of approximately two or more years and produtos com vida útil de aproximadamente dois ou mais anos e
durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office que não são substituídos com frequência. Exemplos incluem
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and móveis, equipamentos de escritório, utensílios, adaptadores de
audiovisual equipment. alimentação externa, televisores e equipamentos audiovisuais.
the flow of long-lasting products from the project building after o fluxo de produtos de longa duração do edifício do projeto depois
they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful que eles foram totalmente utilizados e chegaram ao fim de sua vida
útil para operações normais de negócios. Inclui bens duráveis
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods alugados devolvidos ao proprietário, mas não inclui bens duráveis
que permanecem funcionais e são movidos para outro andar ou
that remain functional and are moved to another floor or building. edifício.

the conductors, including the ungrounded, grounded, and os condutores, incluindo condutores não aterrados, aterrados e de
equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors, aterramento de equipamentos, os conectores do veículo elétrico,
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or plugues de conexão e todas as outras conexões, dispositivos,
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering tomadas ou aparelhos instalados especificamente para fornecer
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National energia da fiação da área para o veículo elétrico. (Códigos Elétricos
Electric Codes and California Article 625) Nacionais e Artigo 625 da Califórnia)
discarded office equipment (computers, monitors, copiers, equipamentos de escritório (computadores, monitores,
copiadoras, impressoras, scanners, aparelhos de fax),
electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, eletrodomésticos (geladeiras, lava-louças, bebedouros),
televisions and other audiovisual equipment adaptadores de energia externa, televisores e outros
equipamentos de áudio e vídeo descartados
mercury in its purest form (rather than a mercury-containing mercúrio em sua forma mais pura (em vez de um composto
elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent contendo mercúrio), cujo vapor é frequentemente usado em
and other bulb types lâmpadas fluorescentes e de outros tipos
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is uma luminária que funciona somente em condições de emergência
always off during normal building operation e fica sempre desligada durante a operação normal do edifício
a nonresidential area of at least 5 acres (2 hectares) with a job uma área não residencial de pelo menos 5 acres (2 hectares) com
employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 densidade de empregos de pelo menos 50 funcionários por acre
employees per hectare net) (125 funcionários por hectare).
the exterior plus semi-exterior portions of the building. Exterior as partes externas e semi-externas do edifício. A parte externa é
consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned formada pelos elementos de um edifício que separam espaços
condicionados da área externa (ou seja, conjunto de paredes).
spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior Partes semi-externas são os elementos de um edifício que separam
enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated espaços condicionados de espaços não condicionados ou que
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from encerram espaços semi-aquecidos através dos quais a energia
térmica pode ser transferida de ou para a área externa ou espaços
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic, condicionados ou não condicionados (por exemplo, ático, área para
crawl space, basement). rastejar, porão).

a designation that allows an outside entity, such as USGBC, to uma designação que permite a uma entidade externa, como o
energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building USGBC, acessar informações de uso de água e energia que uma
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager equipe de gestão do edifício mantém com o ENERGY STAR Portfolio
or a similar tool Manager ou uma ferramenta semelhante
a substance designed at the molecular (nanometer) level. Because uma substância projetada no nível molecular (nanômetro). Devido
of its small size, it has novel properties generally not seen in its a seu tamanho reduzido, ela tem propriedades que geralmente não
engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National são vistas no volume convencional. Consulte o Australian National
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme,
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio
n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf. n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf.

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– uma declaração de que o item atende aos requisitos ambientais da
declaration ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 e EN 15804 ou ISO 21930–2007
2007
the combination of evaporation and plant transpiration into the a combinação de evaporação e transpiração de plantas na
atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant atmosfera. A evaporação ocorre quando água líquida do solo,
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the superfícies de plantas ou cursos de água se transforma em vapor. A
movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of transpiração é o movimento da água através de uma planta e a
water vapor. subsequente perda de vapor de água.
measures undertaken by the maker of a product to accept its own medidas feitas pelo fabricante de um produto para aceitar seu
and sometimes other manufacturers’ products as postconsumer próprio produto e, às vezes, produtos de outros fabricantes como
waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and resíduo pós-consumo ao fim da vida útil do produto. Produtores
recuperam e reciclam os materiais para uso em novos produtos do
extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely mesmo tipo. Para ser válido para a conformidade do crédito, um
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be programa deve estar amplamente disponível. Para carpetes, a
responsabilidade estendida do produtor deve ser consistente com
consistent with NSF/ANSI 140–2007. Also known as closed-loop a NSF/ANSI 140–2007. Também chamada de programa de ciclo
fechado ou coleta de produto.

a roof that is covered with plants and typically not designed for um telhado coberto com plantas e tipicamente não projetado para
acesso geral. Geralmente, um sistema extensivo é um telhado
general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof verde reforçado que requer pouca manutenção depois da
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in implementação. O meio de plantação em telhados com cobertura
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the verde extensiva tem entre 1 e 6 polegadas (25 e 150 mm) de
profundidade. (Adaptado da EPA dos EUA) área externa de
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated superfície vegetada a área total de vegetação no terreno do
roofs and turf grass projeto, incluindo telhados com cobertura verde e gramados
a device installed on the outside of a water pipe to record the um dispositivo instalado na parte externa de um tubo de água para
external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on registrar o volume de água que passa por ele. Também chamado
meter. de medidor fixo.
a densidade de uso de terreno não residencial, exceto

the density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking, estacionamentos, medida como a área de piso total do edifício não
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures. residencial dividida pela área total de terreno edificável disponível
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) para estruturas não residenciais. Por exemplo, em um terreno com
10 000 pés quadrados (930 metros quadrados) de terreno
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an edificável, um CA de 1,0 seria 10 000 pés quadrados (930 metros
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an quadrados) de área de piso do edifício. No mesmo terreno, um CA
de 1,5 seria 15 000 pés quadrados (1395 metros quadrados), um
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and CA de 2,0 seria 20 000 pés quadrados (1860 metros quadrados) e
um CA de 0,5 seria 5000 pés quadrados (465 metros quadrados).
the water discharged from a subsurface drainage system. If a a água liberada de um sistema de drenagem subterrâneo. Se a
foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be fundação de um edifício ficar abaixo do lençol de água, uma bomba
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for pode ser necessária. A descarga do reservatório pode ser
irrigation. armazenada e usada para irrigação.

um conjunto de negócios relacionados ao transporte de cargas que

a cluster of freight-related businesses that include intermodal incluem operações de transferência intermodais. Terminais
transfer operations. Freight villages may offer logistics services, intermodais de cargas podem oferecer serviços de logística,
integrated distribution, warehousing capabilities, showrooms, and distribuição integrada, capacidades de armazenamento,
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, showrooms e serviços de apoio. Os serviços de apoio podem incluir
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management segurança, manutenção, correio, bancos, alfândega e auxílio à
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms, gestão de importações, cafeterias, restaurantes, escritórios, salas
hotels, and public or activity center transportation. de conferências, hotéis e transporte para centros públicos ou de
atividades.
uma abertura do edifício projetada para ser usada por pedestres e

during regular business hours. It does not include any door ficar aberta durante o horário comercial normal. Não inclui
functional entry nenhuma porta projetada exclusivamente como saída de
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not emergência ou portas de garagem não designadas como entradas
designed as a pedestrian entrance. para pedestres.
the stand-alone furniture items purchased for the project, os móveis independentes comprados para o projeto, incluindo
assentos individuais e para grupos; estações de trabalho de plano
including individual and group seating; open-plan and private-office aberto e fechadas; escrivaninhas e mesas; unidades de
workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas, armazenamento, gabinetes, prateleiras, armários, entre outros;
produtos de exibição/visualização montados em parede (por
visual-display products (e.g., marker boards and tack boards, exemplo, quadros brancos e quadros de aviso, exceto monitores
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as
easels, mobile carts, freestanding screens, installed fabrics, and eletrônicos); e itens diversos, como cavaletes, carrinhos móveis,
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to telas independentes, tecidos instalados e divisórias móveis. Móveis
de hospitalidade são incluídos conforme for aplicável ao projeto.
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape Acessórios de escritório, como borradores de mesa, bandejas,
and small appliances, are excluded. porta-fitas, cestos de lixo e todos os itens elétricos, como
iluminação e pequenos aparelhos eletrônicos, são excluídos.

metric used to communicate how many grams of emissions (e.g., medição usada para comunicar quantas gramas de emissões (por
grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a exemplo, óxido de nitrogênio ou matéria particulada) são emitidas
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period por um motor de determinada potência nominal ao longo de uma
hora
"água residuária domiciliar não tratada que não entrou em contato

“untreated household waste water which has not come into com resíduos sanitários. Água cinza inclui água usada proveniente
contact with toilet waste. Graywater includes used water from de banheiras, chuveiros e pias de banheiro, bem como água
bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, and water from clothes- proveniente de máquinas e tanques de lavar roupas. Não se deve
washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from incluir a água residuária de pias de cozinha ou lava-louças" (Código
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix Uniforme de Hidráulica, Apêndice G, Sistemas de Água Cinza para
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water Residências de Uma Única Família); "água residuária de pias de
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and banheiro, banheiras, chuveiros, máquinas e tanques de lavar
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray roupas (Código Internacional de Hidráulica, Apêndice C, Sistemas
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow de Reciclagem de Água Cinza). Alguns estados e autoridades locais
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other permitem que a água residuária de pias da cozinha seja incluída
differences can likely be found in state and local codes. Project como água cinza. Pode haver outras diferenças em códigos
teams should comply with the graywater definition established by estaduais e locais. As equipes de projeto devem obedecer a
the authority having jurisdiction in the project area. definição de água cinza estabelecida pela autoridade com
jurisdição na área do projeto.
a soil- and vegetation-based approach to wet weather um método baseado em solo e vegetação para a gestão de climas
management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and úmidos que é econômico, sustentável e ecológico. Métodos e
green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management tecnologias de gestão de infraestrutura verde infiltram,
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture evapotranspiram, capturam e reutilizam água pluvial para manter
and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies. ou recuperar hidrologias naturais. (Adaptado da Agência de
(Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Proteção Ambiental (EPA) dos EUA)

a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity um subconjunto de energia renovável composto por eletricidade
green power baseada em rede produzida a partir de fontes renováveis de
produced from renewable energy sources energia
veículos com uma pontuação verde mínima de 45 no guia anual de

vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American classificação veicular do Conselho para uma Economia com
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle Eficiência Energética dos EUA (American Council for an Energy
rating guide (or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.). Efficient Economy - ACEEE) (ou um equivalente local para projetos
fora dos EUA).
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and área não previamente desenvolvida, aplainada ou modificada que
could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology pode suportar espaço aberto, habitat ou hidrologia natural
os elementos inanimados do paisagismo do edifício. Inclui

the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes pavimentação, rodovias, muros de pedra, plataformas de madeira
hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking,
e sintéticas, passeios e calçadas de concreto e pátios revestidos
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. com concreto, tijolos e ladrilhos.
any item or agent (biological, chemical, physical) that has the qualquer item ou agente (biológico, químico, físico) que tem
potencial nocivo para seres humanos, animais ou o meio ambiente,
hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, pelo próprio item/agente ou através de interação com outros
fatores
a absorção térmica por hardscape, como pavimentação e edifícios

the thermal absorption by hardscape, such as dark, nonreflective escuros e não reflexivos, e a subsequente radiação para áreas
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle adjacentes. Outros fatores que contribuem podem incluir o escape
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and de veículos, condicionadores de ar e equipamentos urbanos.
Edifícios altos e ruas estreitas reduzem o fluxo de ar e aumentam o
narrow streets reduce airflow and exacerbate the effect. efeito.
a transportation thoroughfare intended for motor vehicles with uma via de transporte destinada a veículos automotores com
highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, pontos de acesso limitados, proibições para veículos acionados por
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects seres humanos e velocidades maiores que as de estradas locais.
cities and towns. Geralmente, rodovias conectam cidades.

um edifício ou estrutura com importância histórica, arquitetônica,

archeological, or cultural significance that is listed or determined to de engenharia, arqueológica ou cultural, listado ou determinado
be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing para ser elegível como estrutura ou edifício histórico ou como
edifício ou estrutura que contribui para um distrito histórico
building or structure in a designated historic district. The historic designado. A designação histórica pode ser feita por uma junta de
historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state revisão de preservação histórica local ou órgão semelhante, e a
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of estrutura deve estar listada em um registro estadual de locais
históricos, no Registro Nacional de Locais Históricos (ou
Historic Places (or a local equivalent outside the U.S.), or have been equivalente local fora dos EUA) ou ter sido determinada como
determined eligible for listing. elegível para listagem.
a group of buildings, structures, objects, and sites that have been um grupo de edifícios, estruturas, objetos e terrenos que foram
designados ou determinados para serem elegíveis como tendo
historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and importância histórica e arquitetônica e classificados como
noncontributing to the historic nature of the district contribuintes ou não contribuintes para a natureza histórica do
distrito.
an item that consists of only one material throughout or a um item formado apenas por um material ou por uma combinação
homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically de múltiplos materiais que não pode ser mecanicamente desfeita,
disjointed, excluding surface coatings exceto revestimentos de superfícies
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs um grupo de plantas com necessidades hídricas semelhantes

the incident luminous flux density on a differential element of a densidade de fluxo luminoso incidente sobre um elemento
diferencial de superfície localizado em um ponto e orientado para
surface located at a point and oriented in a particular direction, uma direção específica, indicada em lúmens por área de unidade.
expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is Como a área envolvida é diferencial, é comum a referência a isso
The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: como luminância em um ponto. O nome da unidade depende da
illuminance unidade de medida de área: pés-vela, se pés quadrados forem
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square usados para área, e lux, se metros quadrados forem usados.
meters are used. (Adapted from IES) In lay terms, illuminance is a (Adaptado da IES) Em termos gerais, luminância é uma medição da
footcandles in the U.S. (based on square feet) and in lux in most luz que atinge uma superfície. Ela é indicada em pés-vela nos EUA
other countries (based on square meters). (com base em pés quadrados) e em lux na maioria dos outros
países (com base em metros quadrados).
an area of ground that development and building have modified in uma área de terra modificada por desenvolvimento e construção
such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through de forma que a precipitação não pode se infiltrar pelo solo.
impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved Exemplos de superfícies impermeáveis incluem telhados, estradas
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been pavimentadas e áreas de estacionamento, calçadas e solos que
compacted either by design or by use. foram compactados intencionalmente ou por uso.
uma área na qual o ocupante realiza diferentes tarefas. Espaços

an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual individuais de ocupantes podem ficar dentro de espaços para
individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should múltiplos ocupantes e devem ser tratados separadamente quando
possível.
any water discharged from a factory setting. Before this water can qualquer água liberada por uma fábrica. Antes que a água possa
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or ser usada para irrigação, sua qualidade precisa ser verificada. Não
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation. se deve usar água salina ou corrosiva para irrigação.
a site where at least 75% of the land area, exclusive of rights-of- um terreno em que pelo menos 75% da área de superfície, exceto
way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is por vias de tráfego, a menos de 0,5 milha (800 metros) do limite do
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not projeto é previamente desenvolvida. Uma rua ou outra via de
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on tráfego não constitui terreno previamente desenvolvido; é o status
the other side of right-of-way or the street that matters. da propriedade no outro lado da via de tráfego ou rua que importa.

(HVAC) uncontrolled inward air leakage to conditioned spaces (HVAC) vazamento descontrolado de ar entrando em espaços
condicionados através de aberturas não intencionais em tetos,
infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from pisos e paredes de espaços não condicionados ou áreas externas,
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure causado pelas mesmas diferenças de pressão que induzem
exfiltração. (ASHRAE 62,1-2010)
a value between 0 and 1 (or 0% and 100%) that indicates the um valor entre 0 e 1 (ou 0% e 100%) que indica a capacidade de
um material de refletir radiação infravermelha (calor). Um telhado
should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for frio deve ter uma emitância térmica alta. A escala de comprimento
radiant energy is roughly 5 to 40 micrometers. Most building de onda para energia radiante é aproximadamente 5 a 40
micrômetros. A maioria dos materiais de construção (incluindo
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum vidro) é opaca nessa parte do espectro e tem uma emitância de
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals,
such as untarnished galvanized steel, have a low emittance and are aprox. 0,9 ou 90%. Materiais limpos e lisos, como aço galvanizado
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast, sem manchas, têm baixa emitância e são as exceções mais
importantes à regra dos 0,9. Em contraste, revestimentos de
aluminum roof coatings have intermediate emittance levels. telhado em alumínio têm níveis de emitância intermediários.
(Adapted from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) (Adaptado do Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)
uma pessoa admitida em uma unidade médica, cirúrgica, de

inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, maternidade, especialidade ou tratamento intensivo por um tempo
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours de permanência maior que 23 horas
qualquer unidade médica, cirúrgica, de maternidade,

inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit especialidade ou tratamento intensivo na qual uma pessoa recebe
tratamento por mais de 23 horas
an information conveyance system that cannot be easily removed. um sistema de transmissão de informações que não pode ser
For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency removido facilmente. Para móveis, a rotulagem pode incluir
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking identificação por radiofrequência, gravação, gravação em relevo ou
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of outra marcação permanente contendo informações sobre a origem
manufacture. do material, suas propriedades e a data de fabricação.
a method of pest management that protects human health and um método de controle de pragas que protege a saúde humana e
integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns o ambiente adjacente e aumenta os retornos econômicos com a
management
through the most effective, least-risk option opção mais eficaz e de menor risco

an approach that involves people, systems, and business structures um método que envolve pessoas, sistemas e práticas e estruturas
(contractual and legal agreements) and practices. The process (acordos legais e contratuais) de negócios. O processo reúne os
integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve talentos e opiniões de todos os participantes para melhorar os
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize resultados, aumentar o valor para o proprietário, reduzir resíduos e
efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and maximizar a eficiência em todas as fases de projeto, fabricação e
construction. (Adapted from American Institute of Architects) construção. (Adaptado do American Institute of Architects)
a roof that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has um telhado que, comparado com um telhado com cobertura verde
extensiva, tem maior volume de solo, suporta uma maior variedade
greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including de plantas (incluindo arbustos e árvores) e permite uma maior
shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including variedade de usos (incluindo acesso de pessoas). A profundidade
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants do meio de plantação é um fator importante para determinar o
valor do habitat. As plantas nativas ou adaptadas selecionadas para
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife o telhado devem suportar a vida animal endêmica do terreno.
populations. (Adapted from Green Roofs for Healthy Cities) (Adaptado de Green Roofs for Healthy Cities)
all the layers applied over a finished subfloor or stairs, including todas as camadas aplicadas sobre um assoalho ou escadas
stair treads and risers, ramps, and other walking surfaces. Interior terminadas, incluindo pisos e espelhos de degraus, rampas e outras
superfícies para caminhar. O acabamento interno exclui membros
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams,
trusses, studs, or subfloors, or similar items. Interior finish also estruturais do edifício, como vigas, asnas, caibros, assoalhos ou
itens semelhantes. O acabamento interno também exclui
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives. revestimentos úmidos ou adesivos que não ocupem todo o piso.
all the layers comprising the exposed interior surfaces of buildings, todas as camadas que abrangem as superfícies internas expostas
including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings, de edifícios, incluindo paredes fixas, divisórias fixas, colunas, tetos
interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish expostos e lambris internos, painéis, acabamento interno ou outro
finish acabamento aplicado mecanicamente ou para decoração, correção
applied mechanically or for decoration, acoustical correction, acústica, resistência da superfície a chamas ou com fins
semelhantes


um local para movimentação de mercadorias em uma unidade de
a venue for the movement of goods in a single loading unit or road carga única ou veículo rodoviário que utilize sucessivamente dois
intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation ou mais modos de transporte sem a necessidade de manusear as
mercadorias
vegetação não nativa que foi introduzida em uma área e que se

nonnative vegetation that has been introduced to an area and that adapta e se reproduz agressivamente. O vigor da planta,
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. combinado a uma falta de inimigos naturais, costuma levar a surtos
(Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture) de população. (Adaptado do Departamento de Agricultura dos
EUA)
electricity consumption by information technology and telecom consumo de eletricidade de equipamentos de tecnologia da
IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage informação e telecomunicações, incluindo servidores, redes e
equipment over the course of a year equipamentos de armazenamento, ao longo de um ano
um dispositivo que emite luz em um aparelho de iluminação,

a device emitting light in a fixture, excluding lamp housing and exceto o envoltório da lâmpada e lastros. Diodos emissores de luz
lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also
meet this definition. acondicionados como lâmpadas tradicionais também
correspondem a essa definição.
a vida útil operacional de uma fonte de luz artificial, como

the useful span of operation of a source of artificial light, such as lâmpadas. A vida útil de lâmpadas fluorescentes é determinada
bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three com um teste que deixa a lâmpada acesa por três horas para cada
hours on for every 20 minutes off. For high-density discharge 20 minutos de lâmpada apagada. Para lâmpadas de descarga de
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. alta densidade, o teste deixa a lâmpada acesa por 11 horas para
Lamp life depends on whether the start ballast is program or cada 20 minutos de lâmpada apagada. A vida útil da lâmpada
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’ depende de o lastro ser programado ou instantâneo. Essa
information. Also known as rated average life. informação é fornecida pelo fabricante. Também chamada de vida
útil média nominal.

uma organização privada sem fins lucrativos que, como toda ou

actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in parte de sua missão, trabalha ativamente para preservar a terra
land trust realizando ou auxiliando em servidão ambiental ou aquisição de
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of terras, ou por sua responsabilidade sobre tais terras ou servidões
such land or easements (Adapted from Land Trust Alliance) (Adaptado da Land Trust Alliance)
materiais que são naturais (por exemplo, rocha, solo, pedras,

materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). vegetação). Materiais que são artificiais (por exemplo, concreto,
considered construction waste even if they were on site. tijolos, cimento) são considerados resíduos de construção mesmo
se já estavam no terreno.
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for a quantidade de água que a(s) área(s) de paisagismo precisa(m) no
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month mês com pico de irrigação do terreno
a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking um rótulo, definido por regulamentações da EPA dos EUA de
lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, acordo com a lei para segurança da água potável (Safe Drinking
Water Act), que permite pequenas quantidades de chumbo em
pipe fittings, and well pumps soldas, fundentes, tubos, conexões e bombas de poços
um pesticida registrado na Classe III (menor toxicidade) do sistema

a registered pesticide in the Tier III (lowest toxicity) category, using de classificação de riscos de São Francisco (San Francisco Hazard
the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets Ranking system) ou um pesticida que atende aos requisitos do
protocolo
the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening (San Francisco de classificação de risco de pesticidas de São Francisco
least-risk pesticide Pesticide Hazard Screening Protocol) e é vendido
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- como uma isca autônoma ou como tratamento para rachaduras e
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants. fendas usado em áreas às quais os ocupantes do edifício não têm
acesso. Rodenticidas nunca são considerados pesticidas de menor
risco.
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an o tempo pelo qual uma pessoa permanece na instalação de
admitted patient atendimento médico como um paciente internado
an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from uma avaliação dos efeitos ambientais de um produto, "do berço ao
life-cycle assessment túmulo", conforme definido pela ISO 14040–2006 e ISO 14044–
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 2006

a database that defines the environmental effects (inputs and um banco de dados que define os efeitos ambientais (entradas e
saídas) de cada etapa do ciclo de vida de um material ou conjunto.
life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The O banco de dados é específico para países e regiões dentro de
países.
waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed luz residual de construções que produz ofuscamento, é
light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not direcionada para o céu ou para fora do terreno. A luz residual não
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly aumenta a segurança noturna, a utilidade ou a proteção e consome
consumes energy. energia desnecessariamente.
serviço de transporte que utiliza trens com dois ou três vagões em

transit service using two- or three-car trains in a right-of-way that uma via normalmente separada de outros meios de transporte. A
is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between distância entre estações costuma ser de meia milha (800 metros)
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating ou mais, e as velocidades máximas de operação são normalmente
speeds are typically 40–55 mph (65–90 kmh). Light-rail corridors de 40 a 55 mph (65 a 90 km/h). Geralmente, corredores para
typically extend 10 or more miles (16 kilometers). veículos leves sobre trilhos se estendem por 10 ou mais milhas (16
quilômetros).
obtrusive illumination that is unwanted because of quantitative, luz obstrutiva indesejável devido aos seus atributos quantitativos,
light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause direcionais ou espectrais. A transgressão de luz pode causar
annoyance, discomfort, distraction, or loss of visibility. irritação, desconforto, distração ou perda de visibilidade.
uma ação intencional realizada por um serviço público para reduzir

an intentional action by a utility to reduce the load on the system. a carga sobre o sistema. Geralmente, o corte de carga é feito
load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such durante períodos de emergência, como falta de capacidade,
instabilidade do sistema ou controle de tensão.
estacionamento para bicicletas que pode ser acessado facilmente

long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees por moradores e funcionários e é coberto para proteger as
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow bicicletas contra chuva e neve
an operational improvement, such as a repair, upgrade, or staff uma melhoria operacional, como reparo, atualização ou
training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the treinamento e especialização da equipe. no LEED, a equipe do
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility projeto determina o limite máximo razoável para melhorias de
baixo custo com base nos recursos da unidade e no orçamento
resources and operating budgets. operacional.

um método para gerenciar o escoamento de água da chuva que dá

an approach to managing rainwater runoff that emphasizes on-site ênfase aos recursos naturais do local para proteger a qualidade da
natural features to protect water quality, by replicating the natural água, replicando o regime hidrológico natural de divisor de águas
land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff da cobertura do solo e tratando o escoamento perto de sua
low-impact development close to its source. Examples include better site design principles origem. Exemplos incluem melhores princípios de projeto do
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, terreno (por exemplo, minimização dos distúrbios no terreno,
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain preservação da vegetação, minimização da cobertura impermeável)
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, e práticas de projeto (por exemplo, jardins de chuva, valetas e
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered zonas de amortecimento vegetadas, pavimentação permeável,
practices that may require specialized design assistance. coleta de água da chuva, alterações do solo). Essas são práticas
avançadas, que podem precisar de auxílio especializado no projeto.
water that is fed into a cooling tower system or evaporative água alimentada em um sistema de torre de resfriamento ou
makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- condensador evaporativo para substituir a água perdida por
off, or other causes evaporação, desvio, sangria ou outras causas.
to capture and retain a specified volume of rainfall to mimic capturar e reter um volume específico de água da chuva para
natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management imitar a função hidrológica natural. Exemplos de gestão de águas
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and pluviais incluem estratégias que envolvem evapotranspiração,
capture and reuse. infiltração e coleta e reuso.
the limits of a site master plan. The master plan boundary includes os limites do master plan de um terreno. O limite do master plan
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites inclui a área do projeto e pode incluir todos os edifícios e terrenos
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary associados fora do limite do projeto LEED. O limite do master plan
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. considera o uso sustentável no futuro, expansão e contração.
of a source’s emitted light derived from industry standards, taken da luz emitida por uma fonte, derivada de padrões da indústria,
mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as obtida com lastro instantâneo com um fator de lastro de 1,0
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a medido a 40% da vida útil da lâmpada (exceto para lâmpadas T-5,
program-start ballast) que utilizam lastro programado)

an item of furniture designed for use in health care. Examples um item ou móvel projetado para uso em assistência médica.
include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology Exemplos incluem mesas cirúrgicas; carrinhos de procedimento,
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and suprimentos e tecnologia móvel; auxílios para elevação e
transporte; carrinhos e prateleiras de armários de suprimentos e
overbed tables. mesas de leito.
a regulator that limits the flow time of water, generally a manual- um regulador que limita o tempo de fluxo de água, geralmente um
metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory dispositivo de ativação manual e desligamento automático,
faucets and showers encontrado com frequência em torneiras e chuveiros
white and colored paper, envelopes, forms, file folders, tablets, papel branco e colorido, envelopes, formulários, pastas de
mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone arquivo, blocos, folhetos, caixas de cereal, papel de embalagem,
books, and photos catálogos, revistas, agendas telefônicas e fotografias
prateleiras e armários projetados para serem facilmente

shelving and cabinetry designed to be easily installed, moved, or instalados, movidos ou reconfigurados. Em um ambiente de varejo,
itens que são móveis, mas fixados de forma semi-permanente com
modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for sistemas de fixação mecânicos para uso operacional são
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building considerados móveis, e não elementos do edifício base (por
attached to a wall). exemplo, uma mesa ou tela parafusada ao piso, ou prateleiras
presas a uma parede).
the distance between ground level (or the workplane) and the a distância entre o nível do solo (ou plano de trabalho) e a parte
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a inferior da luminária (dispositivo de iluminação); altura na qual a
luminaire is installed. (Adapted from Light a Home) luminária é instalada. (Adaptado de Light a Home)
movable furniture and itens que podem ser movidos pelos usuários sem o uso de
items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or ferramentas ou auxílio de empresas especializadas e gestão de
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management instalações
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, um terreno cujo master plan inclui o desenvolvimento de lojas,
multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some restaurantes e outros negócios. Os varejistas podem compartilhar
services and common areas. alguns serviços e áreas comuns.


um número exclusivo, de cinco ou seis dígitos, que identifica
a unique five- or six-digit number used to identify specific lamps, lâmpadas específicas, utilizado pela Associação de Distribuidores
NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors de Produtos Elétricos dos EUA (National Association of Electrical
Distributors)
uma espécie nativa que ocorre em determinada região,

ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions. ecossistema e habitat sem ações diretas ou indiretas de seres
Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and humanos. Espécies nativas se desenvolveram de acordo com a
geografia, hidrologia e clima da região. Elas também ocorrem em
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they comunidades, isto é, se desenvolveram juntamente com outras
native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife espécies. Assim, essas comunidades formam o habitat de uma série
species. Species native to North America are generally recognized de outras espécies nativas de vida animal. Geralmente, espécies
nativas da América do Norte são aquelas reconhecidas como
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. ocorrendo no continente antes da chegada dos europeus. Também
conhecida como plantas nativas.
um composto não produzido pelo homem que é usado para

substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric resfriamento. Geralmente, essas substâncias têm potencial de
natural refrigerant danos à atmosfera muito menor do que o de refrigerantes
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples químicos fabricados. Exemplos incluem água, dióxido de carbono e
include water, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. amônia.
Natural Resources um exame do solo, com base nos EUA, que mostra os limites de
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil diferentes tipos de solo e características especiais do solo no
Conservation Service (NRCS) types and special soil features on the site
soils delineation terreno
the natural land cover function of water occurrence, distribution, a função natural de cobertura do solo de ocorrência, distribuição,
movement, and balance movimento e equilíbrio de água
the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the a soma de todas as áreas internas do projeto disponíveis para
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building abrigar o programa do projeto. Não inclui áreas para equipamentos
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. do edifício, circulação vertical ou componentes estruturais.

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or um espaço público, área de diagnóstico ou tratamento, unidade
ambulatorial ou qualquer outro espaço em uma unidade de saúde
non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals que não seja destinado a pessoas que foram internadas para
tratamento
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards água que não atende aos padrões para que possa ser bebida
an area that people pass through or an area used for focused uma área pela qual as pessoas passam ou uma área usada para
activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The atividades concentradas por uma média de menos de uma hora por
non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time baseado nodia.
pessoa por O período de uma hora é contínuo e deve ser
tempo em que um ocupante típico utiliza o espaço.
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a Para espaços que não são usados diariamente, o período de uma
typical occupant spends in the space when it is in use. hora deve ser baseado no tempo que um ocupante típico passa no
espaço quando ele está em uso.
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human dispositivos e conexões de tubulação seca que contêm e tratam
waste via microbiological processes resíduos humanos por processos microbiológicos
a plumbing fixture having a water flush with a trap that contains a um dispositivo de tubulação que tem uma descarga com uma
nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer contenção que mantém uma camada da líquido flutuando sobre a
gas and odors urina, bloqueando gases e odores do esgoto
a system or switch that a person in the space can directly access um sistema ou interruptor que uma pessoa no espaço pode
and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. acessar e utilizar diretamente. Exemplos incluem uma luz de tarefa,
occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system um interruptor aberto e persianas. Sensores de temperatura,
fotossensores ou sistemas de controle central não são controlados
is not occupant controlled. pelo ocupante.
an enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those um espaço delimitado destinado a atividades humanas, exceto
spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as espaços destinados primariamente a outros fins, como salas de
occupiable space armazenamento e de equipamentos, e que são ocupados apenas
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only ocasionalmente e por curtos períodos de tempo (ASHRAE 62.1–
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) 2010)

enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those espaço delimitado destinado a atividades humanas, exceto
spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as espaços destinados primariamente a outros fins, como salas de
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied armazenamento e de equipamentos, e que são ocupados apenas
occasionally and for short periods of time. Occupied spaces are ocasionalmente e por curtos períodos de tempo. Espaços ocupados
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied são classificados como regularmente ocupados ou não
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or regularmente ocupados com base na duração da ocupação,
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or individuais ou multiocupantes com base na quantidade de
nondensely occupied spaces based on the concentration of ocupantes, ou densamente ou não densamente ocupados com
occupants in the space. base na concentração de ocupantes no espaço.
a product that has a low cost per unit and is regularly used and um produto que tem baixo custo unitário e é usado e substituído
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner regularmente na condução dos negócios. Exemplos incluem papel,
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as cartuchos de toner, pastas, pilhas, baterias e acessórios de mesa.
ongoing purchases. Também chamados de compras contínuas.
on-site wastewater the transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of wastewater o transporte, armazenamento, tratamento e descarte de água
treatment generated on the project site residuária gerada no terreno do projeto
pavimentos formados por substratos soltos, apoiados por uma

pavements that consist of loose substrates supported by a grid of a grade ou malha com maior força estrutural. Concreto permeável e
more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and asfalto poroso não são considerados sistemas de blocos vazados,
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered pois são considerados materiais delimitados. Substratos ilimitados
e soltos não transferem e armazenam calor como materiais
and store heat like bound and compacted materials do. delimitados e compactados.
um plano que especifica os principais parâmetros e limites

a plan that specifies major system operating parameters and limits, operacionais do sistema, procedimentos e cronogramas de
operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation manutenção e métodos de documentação necessários para
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and
maintenance of an approved emissions control device or system demonstrar a operação e manutenção adequadas de um
dispositivo ou sistema de controle de emissões aprovado
a luminaire intended for illuminating portions of the circulation uma luminária destinada a iluminar partes da rede de circulação
network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to que também tem uma função ornamental, além de fornecer uma
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a iluminação eficaz da rua, e possui uma aparência decorativa ou de
decorative or historical period appearance um período histórico

a patient who is not hospitalized for 24 hours or more but who um paciente que não fica hospitalizado por 24 horas ou mais, mas
outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis que visita um hospital, clínica ou unidade de saúde associada para
or treatment diagnóstico ou tratamento
a written document that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria um documento por escrito que detalha as ideias, conceitos e
owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the critérios determinados pelo proprietário que são importantes para
project o sucesso do projeto
um leito de paciente, cadeira para infusão, baía de quarto de

patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location recuperação ou outro local onde um paciente recebe tratamento
where a patient receives clinical care clínico
the maximum electricity load at a specific point in time or over a a carga máxima de eletricidade em um ponto específico no tempo
peak demand period of time ou ao longo de um período de tempo
the month with the greatest deficit between evapotranspiration o mês com maior déficit entre evapotranspiração e precipitação. É
and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region o mês no qual as plantas na região do terreno potencialmente
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- precisam de mais água complementar, geralmente um mês de
summer month. (Sustainable Sites Initiative) verão. (Sustainable Sites Initiative)
a structure that cannot be moved by the user without tools or uma estrutura que não pode ser movida pelo usuário sem
ferramentas ou o auxílio de empresas especializadas e gestão de
permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples instalações. Exemplos incluem coifas de laboratório, divisórias
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or físicas, divisórias opacas desmontáveis de altura total ou parcial,
algumas telas e equipamentos.
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when a transferência de consumo de energia para horários fora de pico,
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive quando a demanda por energia é menor e a energia é mais barata
permeable pavement a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the uma superfície pavimentada que permite que o escoamento de
ground água penetre no solo

uma substância que representa um risco de longo prazo para seres

a substance that poses a long-term risk to both humans and the humanos e o meio ambiente, pois permanece no ambiente por
environment because it remains in the environment for long períodos longos, aumenta em concentração conforme escala a
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, cadeia alimentar e pode viajar para longe da fonte de
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these contaminação. Frequentemente, essas substâncias podem se
substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems tornar mais potentes e prejudiciais aos ecossistemas conforme sua
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent permanência aumenta. Consulte o site da Agência de Proteção
bioaccumulative toxic chemicals, www.epa.gov/pbt/. Ambiental (EPA) dos EUA sobre produtos químicos bioacumulativos
persistentes e tóxicos, www.epa.gov/pbt/.
an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to uma área que conecta pacientes, visitantes e funcionários do
place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green sistema de saúde com os benefícios do meio ambiente. (Adaptado
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief) de Green Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief)
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to a corrente elétrica extraída por todos os equipamentos conectados
plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. ao sistema elétrico através de uma tomada.
resíduos gerados por residências ou instalações comerciais,

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can industriais e institucionais em sua função como usuários finais de
content um produto que não pode mais ser usado da forma pretendida
no longer be used for its intended purpose originalmente
water that meets or exceeds U.S. Environmental Protection Agency água que atende ou excede os padrões para água potável da
drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the Agência de Proteção Ambiental (EPA) dos EUA (ou um equivalente
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local local fora dos EUA) e é aprovada para consumo por seres humanos
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or pelas autoridades estaduais ou locais que têm jurisdição; pode ser
municipal water systems obtida em poços ou nos sistemas municipais de água

a energia elétrica de um dispositivo que fornece energia e atende

the electrical power from a device that allocates power to and a equipamentos de tecnologia da informação (TI). A saída da
serves information technology (IT) equipment. Power distribution unidade de distribuição de energia não inclui perdas de eficiência
unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any de qualquer transformação ocorrida na unidade, mas pode incluir
transformation that occurs within the PDU, but it can include dispositivos adicionais a jusante que não sejam de TI instalados em
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as racks de TI, como ventiladores. Se o sistema da unidade suportar
power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer equipamentos que não são de TI (por exemplo, unidades de ar
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row condicionado da sala de computadores, unidades de tratamento de
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the ar da sala de computadores, resfriadores em linha), tais
PDU output reading. The metering approach should be consistent equipamentos devem ser medidos e subtraídos da leitura de saída
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) da unidade. O método de medição deve ser consistente com a
category (e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE medição necessária para a categoria de eficiência do uso de
categories 1, 2, and 3). energia (PUE) (por exemplo, medição de consumo contínuo para as
categorias 1, 2 e 3 de PUE).
uma medição da eficiência com que uma central de dados usa sua
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; energia; especificamente, quanta energia é usada por
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment
effectiveness (PUE) rather than for cooling and other overhead equipamentos de computador, não para resfriamento e outros
equipamentos
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does polidores e lustradores de pisos, elétricos e alimentados por
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications bateria. Não inclui equipamentos usados em aplicações úmidas
matter diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing material desviado do fluxo de resíduos durante o processo de
process, determined as the percentage of material, by weight. fabricação, determinado como a porcentagem de material, por
Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, peso. Exemplos incluem restos de aplainamento, serragem, bagaço,
preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete cascas, refugo, aparas de materiais, publicações com tiragem
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap excessiva e inventários obsoletos. A designação exclui materiais
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that retrabalhados, retificados, ou sucateados que poderiam ser
generated them (ISO 14021). Formerly known as postindustrial recuperados com o mesmo processo que os gerou (ISO 14021).
content. Previamente chamado de conteúdo pós-industrial.

the parking spots closest to the main entrance of a building as vagas de estacionamento mais próximas da entrada principal de
preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For um edifício (exceto espaços designados para pessoas com
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the deficiências). No estacionamento para funcionários, refere-se às
entrance used by employees. vagas mais próximas à entrada usada por funcionários.
the wearing out or disuse of components or materials whose o desgaste ou desuso de componentes ou materiais cuja útil de
service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a serviço excede sua vida de projeto. Por exemplo, um material com
potencial de vida útil de 30 anos é intencionalmente projetado
premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 para durar apenas 15 anos, de forma que os 15 anos de serviço
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as restantes são potencialmente desperdiçados. Em contraste,
their expected use are utilized to their maximum potential. componentes cuja vida útil é igual à de seu uso previsto são
utilizados em seu potencial máximo.
altered by paving, construction, and/or land use that would alterado por pavimentação, construção e/ou uso de terreno que
normalmente teria precisado de licença regulamentar para ser
typically have required regulatory permitting to have been initiated iniciado (alterações podem existir agora ou no passado). Terrenos
que não foram desenvolvidos previamente e paisagens alteradas
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or por limpeza ou preenchimento atual ou histórico, uso agrícola ou
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or de florestas, ou uso de área natural preservada são considerados
date of previous development permit issuance constitutes the date terrenos não desenvolvidos. A data da emissão da licença de
desenvolvimento prévio constitui a data do desenvolvimento
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not prévio, mas a emissão da licença não constitui desenvolvimento
constitute previous development. prévio.
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously um terreno que, antes do projeto, era formado por pelo menos
previously developed site developed land 75% de terreno previamente desenvolvido

terreno que tem a melhor combinação de características físicas e

land that has the best combination of physical and chemical químicas para a produção de alimentos, pasto, forragem, fibras e
characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed sementes oleaginosas e que está disponível para esses usos,
crops and that is available for these uses, as determined by the U.S. conforme determinado pelo Serviço de Preservação de Recursos
prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Naturais do Departamento de Agricultura dos EUA (uma
Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly metodologia baseada nos EUA que define critérios para solo
productive soil). For a complete description of what qualifies as altamente produtivo). Para ver uma descrição completa do que se
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, qualifica como terra agrícola de primeira, consulte o U.S. Code of
Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5. Federal Regulations, Título 7, Volume 6, Partes 400 a 699, Seção
657.5.
a device that measures water flow and is installed downstream um dispositivo que mede o fluxo de água e é instalado a jusante do
private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water medidor do serviço público de água ou como parte de um sistema
system maintained by the building management team de água local mantido pela equipe de gestão do edifício
recursos energéticos consumidos para auxiliar processos de

power resources consumed in support of a manufacturing, fabricação, industriais ou comerciais que não sejam o
industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces condicionamento de espaços e a manutenção de conforto e
process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food comodidade dos ocupantes de um edifício. Pode incluir
equipamentos de refrigeração, de cozinha e preparação de
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances. alimentos, máquinas de lavar roupas e outros eletrodomésticos.
(ASHRAE) (ASHRAE)
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release a carga em um edifício resultante do consumo ou liberação da
load of process energy (ASHRAE) energia de processo (ASHRAE)
water that is used for industrial processes and building systems, água usada em processos industriais e sistemas de edifícios, como
process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to torres de resfriamento, caldeiras e resfriadores. Também pode se
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes referir ao uso de água em processos operacionais, como lavagem
washing, and ice making. de louças e roupas e produção de gelo.

an item that arrives on the project site either as a finished element um item que chega ao terreno do projeto como um elemento
acabado, pronto para instalação, ou como componente de outro
ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled item montado no local. A unidade de produto é definida pelo
on-site. The product unit is defined by the functional requirement
product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and requisito funcional para uso no projeto, isso inclui os componentes
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently físicos e serviços necessários para atender à função prevista do
produto de edifício instalado permanentemente. Além disso, com
installed building product. In addition, similar products within a produtos semelhantes dentro de uma especificação podem
specification can each contribute as separate products. contribuir individualmente como um produto separado.
um sistema para o fornecimento de água para consumo humano

a system for the provision to the public of water for human através de tubos ou outros métodos de distribuição construídos.
consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To Para ser considerado público, o sistema deve ter pelo menos 15
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted conexões de serviço ou servir regularmente a pelo menos 25
pessoas. (Adaptado da Agência de Proteção Ambiental (EPA) dos
from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) EUA)
the capture, diversion, and storage of rain for future beneficial a captura, desvio e armazenamento de chuva para uso benéfico
use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other futuro. Normalmente, um barril ou cisterna armazena a água;
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance outros componentes incluem a superfície de represamento e o
sistema de distribuição. A água da chuva coletada pode ser usada
para irrigação.
the basic substance from which products are made, such as a substância básica a partir da qual produtos são feitos, como
raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., concreto, vidro, gesso, alvenaria, metais, materiais reciclados (por
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, exemplo, plásticos e metais), óleo (petróleo, ácido polilático),
agrifiber, bamboo, and wood pedra, agrofibra, bambu e madeira.
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse água residuária que foi tratada e purificada para reuso
defined in accordance with the International Organization of definido de acordo com o documento das Organização
Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and Internacional de Normatização, ISO 14021 – Rótulos e declarações
recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II ambientais – Alegações ambientais autodeclaradas (Rótulo
environmental labeling) ambiental Tipo II)

reference the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no a quantidade de água perdida de uma superfície vegetada
moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the específica sem limitação de umidade. A vegetação de referência é
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. grama com altura de 120 mm.
a soil native to the project site, as described in Natural Resources um solo nativo do terreno do projeto, conforme descrito nas
pesquisas de solo do Serviço de Preservação de Recursos Naturais
Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey dos EUA (ou pesquisa local equivalente fora dos EUA), ou solos
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil nativos não modificados dentro da região de um projeto que
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing tenham vegetação, topografia e texturas de solo semelhantes às do
terreno do projeto. Para terrenos de projeto sem solo existente,
soil, reference soils are defined as undisturbed native soils within solos de referência são definidos como solos nativos não
similar to those intended for the new project. modificados na região do projeto que suportam espécies de
plantas nativas semelhantes às previstas para o novo projeto.
an item that has completed its life cycle and is prepared for reuse um item que concluiu seu ciclo de vida e está preparado para
without substantial alteration of its form. Refurbishing involves reuso sem alteração significativa de sua forma. O processo de
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the reforma inclui renovação, reparação, restauração ou, geralmente,
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a melhora da aparência, desempenho, qualidade, funcionalidade ou
product. valor de um produto.
an area where one or more individuals normally spend time (more uma área na qual uma ou mais pessoas normalmente passam
than one hour per person per day on average) seated or standing tempo (mais de uma hora por pessoa por dia, em média) sentadas
as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a ou em pé enquanto trabalham, estudam ou realizam outras
building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be atividades dentro de um edifício. O período de uma hora é
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces contínuo e deve ser baseado no tempo em que um ocupante típico
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based utiliza o espaço. Para espaços que não são usados diariamente, o
on the time a typical occupant spends in the space when it is in período de uma hora deve ser baseado no tempo que um ocupante
use. típico passa no espaço quando ele está em uso.

a frequently used means of gaining access to a building. Examples uma forma frequentemente usada de obter acesso a um edifício.
include the main building entrance as well as any building Exemplos incluem a entrada principal do edifício e qualquer
regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking entrada do edifício conectada a estruturas de estacionamento,
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical garagens subterrâneas, caminhos subterrâneos ou espaços
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between externos. Entradas atípicas, saídas de emergência, átrios, conexões
concourses, and interior spaces are not included. entre passagens e espaços internos não são incluídos.
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive qualquer uso final do edifício que tenha um requisito obrigatório
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 ou prescritivo na Norma 90.1–2010 da ANSI/ASHRAE/IES
an item that has been repaired or adjusted and returned to um item que foi reparado ou ajustado e colocado de volta em
remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as serviço. Pode-se esperar que o desempenho de um produto
if it were new. remanufaturado seja igual ao de um novo.
energy sources that are not depleted by use. Examples include fontes de energia que não são esgotadas pelo uso. Os exemplos
incluem energia solar, eólica e de pequenas hidrelétricas (de baixo
renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, impacto), além de energia geotérmica e sistemas de ondas e
marés.
uma commodity comercializável, que representa uma prova de

a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity que uma unidade de eletricidade foi gerada a partir de uma fonte
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of de energia renovável. RECs são vendidos separadamente da
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. eletricidade em si, permitindo assim a compra de energia verde por
um usuário de energia gerada convencionalmente.
the reemployment of materials in the same or a related capacity as a reutilização de materiais na mesma capacidade ou em uma
their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials capacidade relacionada à sua aplicação original, estendendo a vida
útil de materiais que seriam descartados. Reuso inclui a
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or recuperação e reutilização de materiais recuperados de edifícios ou
construction sites. Also known as salvage. locais de construção existentes. Também conhecido como
recuperação.

the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that a área total da estrutura do edifício, núcleo e envelope que existiu
reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design na condição prévia e permanece no projeto terminado
uma ferramenta de medição projetada para atender a padrões de

required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue precisão restritos definidos por código ou lei. Medidores de
revenue-grade meter serviços públicos são frequentemente chamados de medidores
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the comerciais porque sua medição resulta diretamente em uma
customer. cobrança para o cliente.
um serviço de transporte no qual as pessoas viajam juntas em um

car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include carro de passeio ou pequena van com capacidade para pelo menos
human-powered conveyances, which must accommodate at least quatro pessoas. Pode incluir transportes acionados por seres
rideshare humanos, que devem acomodar pelo menos duas pessoas. Deve
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, incluir uma área delimitada para assento de passageiros, um
ability to pick up multiple riders. serviço de rota fixa, estrutura de tarifa fixa, operação regular e a
capacidade de receber diversos passageiros.
a construction component recovered from existing buildings or um componente de construção reaproveitado de edifícios ou
salvaged material construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include locais de construção existentes e reutilizado. Materiais recuperados
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and comuns incluem vigas e pilares estruturais, pisos, portas, armários,
decorative items. tijolos e itens decorativos.
the authority responsible for decision making about school a autoridade responsável por tomar decisões sobre operações
school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. escolares, distritos, funcionários, financiamento e desenvolvimento
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious futuro. Exemplos incluem conselhos escolares, governos locais e
institutions. instituições religiosas.
direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled emissões diretas de gases do efeito estufa de fontes de
Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site propriedade ou controladas pela entidade, como emissões de
combustíveis fósseis queimados no local

indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation emissões indiretas de gases do efeito estufa associadas à geração
Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through de eletricidade adquirida, aquecimento/resfriamento ou vapor fora
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption do local, através de um provedor de serviços públicos, para
consumo da entidade
the percentage of analysis points across the analysis area that a porcentagem de pontos de análise em uma área de análise que
sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis atendem ou excedem o valor de 300 lux por pelo menos 50% do
period período da análise
a carga de tecnologia da informação (TI) medida no ponto de

the information technology (IT) load as measured at the point of conexão (por exemplo, tomada) do dispositivo de TI para o sistema
connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical de energia elétrica. A entrada do servidor captura a carga de
server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT energia real do dispositivo de TI sem incluir perdas de distribuição
de energia e cargas que não sejam de TI (por exemplo, ventiladores
loads (e.g., rack-mounted fans). instalados nos racks).
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly o tempo previsto pelo qual um edifício, produto ou conjunto será
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment operacional para os fins de uma avaliação de ciclo de vida
a place of congregation, or where occupants pursue overlapping or um local de reunião, ou onde os ocupantes realizam tarefas
shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks sobrepostas ou colaborativas
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space uma área designada para ser equipada para expansão futura. O
shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. espaço da casca é delimitado pelo envelope do edifício, mas é
deixado inacabado.
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period estacionamento para bicicletas não delimitado, normalmente
of two hours or less. usado por visitantes durante duas horas ou menos
(também chamada de “análise de energia do modelo de massa do

(also known as “building-massing model energy analysis”) a simple edifício”) uma simples análise de energia de caso básico que
base-case energy analysis that informs the team about the
simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to informa a equipe sobre a provável distribuição do consumo de
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis energia do edifício e é usada para avaliar possíveis estratégias
energéticas do projeto. Uma análise de modelagem simples utiliza
uses a basic, schematic building form. um diagrama esquemático básico do edifício.

an evaluation of an area’s aboveground and subsurface uma avaliação das características de superfície e subterrâneas de
characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site uma área, incluindo suas estruturas, geologia e hidrologia.
assessments typically help determine whether contamination has Avaliações de terreno ajudam a determinar se houve contaminação
site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of e a extensão e concentração de qualquer liberação de poluentes.
pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated Decisões de remediação se baseiam em informações geradas
during site assessments. durante avaliações de terreno.
an overall design or development concept for the project and um conceito geral de projeto ou desenvolvimento para o projeto e
associated (or potentially associated) buildings and sites. The plan os edifícios e terrenos associados (ou potencialmente associados).
site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The O plano considera o uso sustentável no futuro, expansão e
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if contração. O master plan do terreno é normalmente ilustrado, com
applicable), site drawings of planned phased development, and plantas baixas (se aplicável), desenhos do terreno das fases do
narrative descriptions. desenvolvimento planejado e descrições narrativas.
an area whose functions can be easily changed. For example, uma área cujas funções podem ser alteradas facilmente. Por
hospital administrative offices could be moved so that this soft exemplo, escritórios de administração de hospitais podem ser
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with movidos de forma que o espaço flexível possa ser transformado em
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to laboratório. Em contraste, seria difícil mudar o local de um
relocate. laboratório com equipamentos e infraestrutura especializados.
the elements of a landscape that consist of live, horticultural os elementos de paisagismo que consistem em elementos vivos e
softscape elements de horticultura
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- sistema de coletores solares ou outro sistema de energia
solar garden/ community renovável compartilhado, com assinantes conectados à rede que
connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables recebem crédito
renewable energy system pelo uso de fontes renováveis utilizando medições
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) líquidas virtuais (Adaptado de solargardens.org)

a fração de energia solar que é refletida por uma superfície em

the fraction of solar energy that is reflected by a surface on a scale uma escala de 0 para 1. Tinta preta tem uma refletância solar de 0;
of 0 to 1. Black paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint tinta branca (dióxido de titânio) tem uma refletância solar de 1. A
technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric técnica padrão para a determinação utiliza medições
solar reflectance (SR) espectrofotométricas, com uma esfera totalizadora para
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the determinar a refletância em cada comprimento de onda. Então, a
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then refletância média é determinada por um processo de cálculo de
spectrum, as documented by ASTM Standards E903 and E892. média, utilizando um espectro solar padrão documentado pelas
Normas E903 e E892 da ASTM.
uma medição da capacidade que a superfície construída tem de

a measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the permanecer fria ao sol, refletindo a radiação solar e emitindo
defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance radiação térmica. Ela é definida de forma que uma superfície preta
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a padrão (refletância solar inicial de 0,05, emitância térmica inicial de
0,90) tem um SRI inicial de 0, e uma superfície branca padrão
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a (refletância solar inicial de 0,80, emitância térmica inicial de 0,90)
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance tem um SRI inicial de 100. Para calcular o SRI de um material,
obtenha sua refletância solar e emitância térmica com o padrão do
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is Conselho de Avaliação de Telhados Frescos (Cool Roof Rating
based on the aged tested values of solar reflectance and thermal Council Standard, CRRC-1). O SRI é calculado de acordo com a
emittance. ASTM E 1980. O cálculo do SRI "envelhecido" é baseado nos valores
de teste envelhecidos de refletância solar e emitância térmica.
a set of uniformity criteria that ensure consistent intelligibility and um conjunto de critérios de uniformidade que garante
sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a inteligibilidade e direcionabilidade consistentes de frequências de
space áudio para todos os ocupantes dentro de um espaço

a decrease in the amount of unnecessary material brought into a uma diminuição na quantidade de material desnecessário trazido
source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing para um edifício a fim de produzir menos resíduos. Por exemplo, a
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. compra de produtos com menos embalagem é uma estratégia de
redução na fonte.
a metric describing annual sufficiency of ambient daylight levels in uma medição que descreve a suficiência anual dos níveis de
iluminação natural em ambientes internos. Definida como a
interior environments. It is defined as the percentage of an analysis porcentagem de uma área de análise (a área na qual cálculos são
area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across realizados, normalmente em todo um espaço) que alcança um nível
an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level
spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the mínimo de luminância natural por uma determinada fração das
(sDA) horas de operação por ano (isto é, o valor da autonomia de
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, iluminação natural segundo Reinhart & Walkenhorst, 2001). O nível
2001). The illluminance level and time fraction are included as de luminância e a fração de tempo são incluídos como subscritos,
percentage of area. como em sDA300,50%. O valor da sDA é indicado como uma
porcentagem da área.
a condition in which speech is unintelligible to casual listeners uma condição na qual a fala é ininteligível para ouvintes casuais
speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) (ANSI T1.523–2001)
the distribution of acoustic energy as a function of frequency for a distribuição de energia acústica como uma função de frequência
speech spectra human speech para a fala humana
um serviço de transporte com pequenos vagões individuais sobre

a transit service with small, individual rail cars. Spacing between trilhos. A distância entre estações é uniformemente curta e varia
streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, entre cada quarteirão e um quarto de milha (400 metros), as
Streetcar routes typically extend 2–5 miles (3-8 kilometers). velocidades de operação variam de 10 a 30 mph (15 a 50 km/h). As
rotas de bonde costumam ter de 2 a 5 milhas (3 a 8 quilômetros).
elements carrying either vertical or horizontal loads (e.g., walls, elementos que suportam cargas verticais ou horizontais (por
structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and exemplo, paredes, telhados e pisos) que são considerados
nonhazardous estruturalmente firmes e não perigosos

provides the information needed to understand, operate, and fornece as informações necessárias para compreender, operar e
maintain the systems and assemblies within a building. It expands manter os sistemas e conjuntos dentro de um edifício. Ele expande
the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance o escopo da documentação tradicional de operação e manutenção
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed e é formado por múltiplos documentos desenvolvidos durante o
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project processo de comissionamento, como os requisitos do projeto do
requirements, operation and maintenance manuals, and sequences proprietário, manuais de operação e manutenção e sequências de
of operation. operação.
uma abordagem à hidrologia na qual divisores de água são

an approach to hydrology in which watersheds are modeled to modelados para calcular o volume de escoamento de águas
calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, pluviais, pico da taxa de descarga, hidrográficos e volumes de
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA armazenamento, desenvolvida pelo antigo Serviço de Preservação
Soil Conservation Service do Solo do Departamento de Agricultura dos EUA (USDA Soil
Conservation Service)
the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a specimen to that a proporção do fluxo de calor radiante emitido por um espécime
thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted em relação à emitida por um radiador de corpos negros na mesma
from Cool Roof Rating Council) temperatura (adaptado de Cool Roof Rating Council)
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is uma classificação de refletância solar ou do índice de refletância
value measured after three years of weather exposure solar que é medida após três anos de exposição ao ambiente
an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities um esquema no qual os clientes pagam tarifas maiores para
time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time utilizar serviços públicos durante os horários de pico e tarifas
periods menores nos horários fora de pico
vehicle storage that is underground, under deck, under roof, or armazenamento de veículos que é subterrâneo, sob plataforma,
undercover parking under a building sob telhado ou sob um edifício

a eletricidade fornecida por uma unidade que mantém

the electricity provided by a unit that keeps information equipamentos de tecnologia da informação (TI) funcionando
technology (IT) equipment functioning during a power outage. UPS durante um corte no fornecimento de energia. A saída do UPS não
output does not include efficiency losses from the unit itself but inclui perdas de eficiência da própria unidade, mas inclui perdas de
does include losses from downstream electrical distribution componentes de distribuição elétrica a jusante, como unidades de
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include distribuição de energia, e pode incluir dispositivos auxiliares que
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS não sejam de TI instalados em racks de TI, como ventiladores. Se o
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- sistema do UPS suportar equipamentos que não são de TI (por
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), exemplo, unidades de ar condicionado da sala de computadores,
this usage must be metered and subtracted from the UPS output unidades de tratamento de ar da sala de computadores,
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the resfriadores em linha), o uso desses equipamentos deve ser
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category medido e subtraído da leitura de saída do UPS. O método de
(e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE categories 1, 2 and medição deve ser consistente com a medição necessária para a
3). categoria de eficiência do uso de energia (PUE) (por exemplo,
medição de consumo contínuo para as categorias 1, 2 e 3 de PUE).
hazardous items that are easily purchased and commonly used. itens perigosos, que são comprados facilmente e usados com
universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing frequência. Exemplos incluem baterias, pesticidas, equipamentos
equipment, and light bulbs. See com mercúrio e lâmpadas. Consulte
epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm. epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm.
an area designed for equipment, machinery, or storage rather than uma área designada para equipamentos, máquinas ou
armazenamento, e não para atividades humanas. Uma área de
unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied equipamentos só é considerada não ocupada se o acesso ao
equipamento for ocasional.
a heating or cooling system or control associated with the district um sistema de aquecimento ou resfriamento ou sistema de
energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or controle associado ao sistema de energia do distrito (DES), mas que
não faz parte da conexão ou interface térmica com o DES.
upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal Equipamentos a montante incluem a unidade de conversão de
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the energia térmica e todos os equipamentos de transmissão e
distribuição associados ao transporte de energia térmica ao edifício
project building or site. ou terreno do projeto.

the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s certification for products that certificação do Departamento de Agricultura dos EUA (USDA) para
produtos que contêm pelo menos 95% dos ingredientes (exceto
contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) água e sal) produzidos sem produtos químicos sintéticos,
produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones.
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved antibióticos ou hormônios. Qualquer ingrediente restante deve
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not consistir em substâncias não agrícolas aprovadas pelo USDA ou
produtos agrícolas que não estão disponíveis comercialmente na
commercially available in organic form. forma orgânica.
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that níveis de luminância calculados em um ponto de uma superfície
occur on a vertical plane. vertical, ou que ocorrem em um plano vertical.
a parte de vidro de uma janela externa que permite vistas para a

exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the área externa ou interna. A visão de vidraça deve possibilitar uma
vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned imagem clara da área externa e não deve ser obstruída por fritas,
fibras, vidraças estampadas ou tintas que distorçam o equilíbrio de
glazing, or added tints that distort color balance. cores.
the distance that a pedestrian must travel between origins and a distância que um pedestre deve percorrer entre origens e
destinos sem obstrução, em um ambiente seguro e confortável em
destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable uma rede contínua de calçadas, caminhos com superfícies para
walking distance todas as condições climáticas, faixas de pedestres ou instalações
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. para pedestres equivalentes. A distância para caminhar deve ser
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is baseada em uma entrada acessível para todos os usuários do
edifício.
a management activity that disposes of waste through methods uma atividade de gestão que descarta resíduos através de
waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and métodos que não sejam incineração ou depósito em aterros
recycling. sanitários. Exemplos incluem reuso e reciclagem.
the conversion of nonrecyclable waste materials into usable heat, a conversão de materiais residuais não recicláveis em calor,
electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including eletricidade ou combustível utilizáveis através de uma variedade de
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and processos, incluindo combustão, gaseificação, pirolização, digestão
landfill gas (LFG) recovery anaeróbia e recuperação de gás do aterro sanitário (LFG).

the surface water of a stream (first-order and higher, including a água de superfície de um fluxo de água (de primeira ordem e
water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or maior, incluindo fluxos intermitentes), riacho, rio, canal, lago,
ocean. It does not include irrigation ditches. estuário, baía ou oceano. Não inclui valas de irrigação.
um método específico ao projeto para calcular a quantidade de

a project-specific method of calculating the amount of water água de que o edifício e os terrenos associados precisam. O
required by the building and associated grounds. The budget takes orçamento considera demandas de água para espaços internos,
into account indoor, outdoor, process, and makeup water demands espaços externos, processos e água de reposição e qualquer
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets suprimento local, incluindo a estimativa de precipitação.
must be associated with a specified amount of time, such as a Orçamentos para água devem ser associados a um período
week, month, or year and a quantity of water such as kGal, or liters. específico, como uma semana, mês ou ano, e uma quantidade de
água, como kGal ou litros.
a device installed inside a water pipe to record the volume of um dispositivo instalado dentro de um tubo de água para medir o
wet meter passing water volume de água que passa pelo tubo
uma área que é inundada ou saturada por água de superfície ou

an area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water subterrânea com uma frequência e duração suficientes para
normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation suportar e que, em circunstâncias normais, suporta uma
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands predominância de vegetação adaptada tipicamente para a vida em
condições de solo saturado. Geralmente, zonas úmidas incluem
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent pântanos, charcos, lamaçais e áreas semelhantes, mas não incluem
wetland. valas de irrigação, exceto se planejadas como parte de uma zona
úmida adjacente.
plant-based materials that are eligible for certification under the materiais à base de plantas que são elegíveis para certificação pelo
Conselho de Manejo Florestal (Forest Stewardship Council).
wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm Exemplos incluem bambu e palmeira (monocotiledôneas), bem
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods como madeiras de lei (angiospermas) e madeiras moles
(gymnosperms)
(gimnospermas)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation paisagismo que não requer irrigação de rotina

a vehicle used primarily to facilitate the movement of truck trailers um veículo usado principalmente para facilitar o movimento de
and other types of large shipping containers from one area of a site caminhões com reboque e outros tipos de contêineres de
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as transporte grandes de uma área de um terreno para outra. Não
terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig, yard goat, or yard inclui empilhadeiras. Também chamado de trator terminal,
hustler. caminhão de manobra ou reboque de trator utilitário.
zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with um empreendimento cuja pegada ecológica normalmente se
the site limits alinha ou quase se alinha aos limites do terreno

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Spanish)

abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just propiedad abandonada

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do plantas adaptadas

added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments agentes antimicrobianos
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than añadidos

adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of sitio/parcela adyacente
calculation.


active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each cubrimiento diario
alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and alternativo (alternative daily
(ADC)
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they cover (ADC))

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and combustible alternativo
ethanol

alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, fuente de agua alternativa
systems (IgCC).

(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance exposición solar anual

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar accesorio
energy panels.


assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a montaje

product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) ensamblado
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school límite de asistencia de una
students attend based on where they live escuela

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– intensidad LED media
2007

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., edificio base
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for desempeño del edificio de
performance comparison with above-standard design referencia
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer condición de referencia
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- consumo de agua de

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared referencia

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental bases del diseño


bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) Ciclovía
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and distancia en bicicleta
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network.

are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological materiales de origen
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, biológico

blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the aguas negras

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of descarga
dissolved solids

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a brownfield


of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA clasificación BUG (BUG
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former rating)
cutoff ratings.

buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way terreno edificable

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant exterior del edificio
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane interior del edificio
an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the autobús de tránsito rápido

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere compensaciones de carbono
a procedure that tracks a product from the point of harvest or cadena de custodia (chain-
chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of of-custody)


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, taller de diseño (charrette)

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher refrigerantes con
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause clorofluorocarbono (CFC)

civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the crepúsculo civil

classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and aula o espacio central de
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ aprendizaje
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and residuos limpios
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the acristalamiento transparente


closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use enfriamiento de circuito
cerrado

the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color índice de reproducción
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting cromática
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option descarga de horno de
combinación

generated by a single fuel source in the production of electrical producción combinada de
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. calor y electricidad
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as desechos no separados

commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project comisionamiento (Cx)
requirements


commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to autoridad de
(CxA) comisionamiento

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is conductividad
standardization.

conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly riego convencional
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because purga de la torre de
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. enfriamiento

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution evaluación de la cuna a la
puerta (cradle-to-gate)

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or paisaje cultural
current facilities the implementation of the owner’s project requirements, requisitos actualizados de las
requirements (CFR) requirements instalaciones


waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based zona de almacenamiento
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or reservada

demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower respuesta a la demanda

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- situación de respuesta a la
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a demanda
curtailment event.

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, tabique desmontable
being used
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per espacios densamente
densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) ocupados


density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for densidad

department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating superficie bruta del
departmental gross area departamento
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space (departamental gross square
within the department are included in the calculation. This
calculation excludes inpatient units. footage (DGSF))
the total land area of a project site covered by buildings, streets,

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces huella del desarrollo

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be durabilidad diferencial

direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public acceso directo

direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no iluminación natural directa


distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of sistema de energía
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It centralizado (district energy
does not include central energy systems that provide only system (DES))
electricity.

diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a uso diverso

downstream equipment transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) downstream equipment
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes

durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office bienes duraderos (durable
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and goods)

they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful flujo de desechos de bienes
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods duraderos


electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or equipamiento de recarga de
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering vehículos eléctricos
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National

electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, desechos electrónicos

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent mercurio elemental
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is iluminación de emergencia
a nonresidential area of at least 5 acres (2 hectares) with a job lugar con alta densidad de
employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 puestos de trabajo
employees per hectare net) (employment center)

enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated recinto


energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building proveedor de servicios
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager energéticos
or a similar tool

engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National nanomaterial artificial

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– declaración ambiental de
declaration producto
2007

evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the evapotranspiración
water vapor.

extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To responsabilidad ampliada
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely del productor

extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in cubierta vegetal extensiva
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on medidor externo
meter.

For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) coeficiente de edificabilidad
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an (floor-area ratio (FAR))
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be drenaje de los cimientos
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for
irrigation.


freight village support services. Such support services may include security, freight village
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management

functional entry during regular business hours. It does not include any door entrada operativa

furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as mobiliario y accesorios


grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a gramos por hora de caballos
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period de potencia de freno

graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and aguas grises

green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management infraestructura verde

green power a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity energía verde

green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle vehículos verdes
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and greenfield

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, superficie dura (hardscape)

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, material peligroso

heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle efecto isla de calor

highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, carretera / autopista
cities and towns.


historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review edificio histórico

historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and distrito histórico

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically material homogéneo
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs hidrozona


illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: iluminancia

impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved superficies impermeables
an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual espacio para un único
individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should ocupante
any water discharged from a factory setting. Before this water can agua de procesos
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation. industriales

way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not zona "infill" (infill site)


infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from infiltración

infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum emitancia infrarroja (o
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, térmica)
inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, paciente hospitalizado

inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit unidad de pacientes
where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours hospitalizados

integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking etiquetado integral
manufacture.

integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns control integrado de plagas
management


integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve ejecución integrado de
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize proyecto

shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including
intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important cubierta vegetal intensiva
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants

interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, acabado interior del piso

interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish acabado interior de paredes
finish y techos


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation instalación intermodal

invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. planta invasiva

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage energía anual de las TI

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also lámpara

lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. vida de la lámpara


land trust actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in land trust
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). residuos y tierra de desbroce
considered construction waste even if they were on site. del terreno
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for necesidad de agua del
paisajismo (landscape water
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month requirement (LWR))

lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, sin plomo

least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening pesticido menos tóxico
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- (least-risk pesticide)
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an duración de la estancia
admitted patient
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from evaluación del ciclo de vida


life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The inventario del ciclo de vida

light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not contaminación luminosa
consumes energy.

light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating tren ligero

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause intrusión lumínica

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such deslastre de carga
long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees almacenamiento de
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow bicicletas a largo plazo

low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility mejora de bajo costo


low-impact development close to its source. Examples include better site design principles
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, desarrollo de bajo impacto
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- agua de reposición

natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management gestión in situ (de la
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and escorrentía)
capture and reuse.
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites perímetro del plan maestro

mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as flujo luminoso medio en
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a lúmenes


medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and equipamiento médico
overbed tables.

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory control de medidores
faucets and showers

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone papel mixto
books, and photos

modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for ebanistería modular (no fija)
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a altura de montaje
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or mobiliario y tabiques no fijos
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, complejo planificado para
services and common areas. múltiples inquilinos


NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors NAED code

native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these vegetación autóctona

natural refrigerant substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric refrigerante natural
descripción de suelos del

Natural Resources servicio de conservación de
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil recursos naturales (Natural
soils delineation Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS))
the natural land cover function of water occurrence, distribution,

natural site hydrology hidrología natural del sitio
movement, and balance
the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the área neta utilizable por el
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building
programa

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or zona para pacientes no
non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals hospitalizados
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards agua no potable

non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time espacios no ocupados
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used normalmente
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human sistemas de inodoros sin
waste via microbiological processes agua

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer urinarios sin agua
gas and odors

occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system control del ocupante

occupiable space spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as espacio ocupable


occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied espacio ocupado
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner artículo /producto de
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as consumo para la oficina
ongoing purchases.
on-site wastewater the transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of wastewater tratamiento de aguas
treatment generated on the project site residuales in-situ

more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and sistema de pavimento
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered reticular abierta (open-grid)

operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation plan de operaciones y
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and mantenimiento

ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a luminaria ornamental


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis paciente no hospitalizado
or treatment

owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the requisitos del propietario
project
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location posición del paciente

peak demand period of time demanda máxima

peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- mes de riego máximo

permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples obstrucción interior
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or permanente
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when cambio de cargas
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive energéticas máximas
permeable pavement a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the pavimento permeable
ground


environment because it remains in the environment for long sustancias químicas
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, persistentes,
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these bioacumulativas y tóxicas
substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent (PBT)

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green zona de descanso
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to Calculo de fuerza de los
plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. tomacorrientes

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can contenido reciclado post‐
content consumidor

potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local agua potable


power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer potencia de salida de la
unidad de distribución de
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the energía
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; eficacia en el uso de energía
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment (power utilization
effectiveness (PUE) rather than for cooling and other overhead effectiveness (PUE))
equipamiento de
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does mantenimiento del piso a
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications motor

preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete contenido reciclado pre‐
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap consumidor
content.


preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For estacionamiento
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the preferencial

premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 obsolescencia prematura

previously developed and landscapes altered by current or anteriormente
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or desarrollado /
preserved natural area use are considered undeveloped land. The anteriormente desarrollada
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously sitio anteriormente
previously developed site developed land desarrollado


prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation prime farmland

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water medidor privado

process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food energía de proceso
(ASHRAE)
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release carga de proceso o carga no
load of process energy (ASHRAE) regulada

process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to agua de proceso


on-site. The product unit is defined by the functional requirement producto (producto del
product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and edificio permanentemente
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently instalado)

consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To
public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service suministro público de agua
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted

use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other recolección de aguas
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance pluviales

raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., materia prima
agua recolectada /
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse agua reciclada

recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II contenido reciclado

reference the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no tasa de evapotranspiración
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. de referencia

project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil suelo referencia (reference
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing soil)
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the material renovado
product.

building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be espacio frecuentemente
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces ocupado
use.


regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking entrada exterior de uso
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical regular
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive carga regulada

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as producto remanufacturado
if it were new.

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, energía renovable
a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity certificado de energía

(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of renovable (renewable
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. energy certificate (REC))

reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery reutilización

reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design área reutilizada

revenue-grade meter required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue medidor apto para
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the determinar costos
customer.

rideshare transporte compartido

salvaged material construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include material rescatado
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and
decorative items.

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. autoridad escolar
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious
institutions.

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site emisiones de ámbito 1


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through emisiones de ámbito 2

period

server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the entrada del servidor
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly vida útil
a place of congregation, or where occupants pursue overlapping or espacio compartido por

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks múltiples ocupantes
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space espacio sin acabados
shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. interiores
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period almacenamiento para
of two hours or less. bicicletas a corto plazo

base-case energy analysis that informs the team about the análisis sencillo del modelo
simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to energético (simple box
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis energy modeling analysis)


site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of evaluación del sitio

site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The plan maestro del sitio

soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with espacio flexible
relocate.
the elements of a landscape that consist of live, horticultural elementos naturales del
softscape elements paisajismo
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- huerto solar/sistema
solar garden/ community connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables comunitario de energía
renewable energy system
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) renovable


solar reflectance (SR) technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric reflectancia solar (RS)
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the

solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a índice de reflectividad solar
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance (solar reflectivity index (SRI))
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a cobertura acústica
space


source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing reducción de fuentes

spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the spatial daylight autonomy
(sDA)
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst,
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) privacidad de habla

speech spectra human speech espectros del habla

streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, tranvía

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and estructura
nonhazardous


systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed manual de sistemas
of operation.

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge,
Technical Release (TR) 55 Technical Release 55
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted emitancia térmica
la reflectancia solar o el
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is índice de reflectancia solar a
value measured after three years of weather exposure los tres años

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time precio en función del uso
periods

undercover parking under a building estacionamiento cubierto


non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS salida del sistema de
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- alimentación ininterrumpida
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), (SAI)
3).

universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing desechos universales

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied espacio no ocupado

upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal upstream equipment


produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones. certificación ecológica USDA
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved Organic
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that iluminancia vertical

exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the
vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned vision glazing

walking distance distancia a pie
a management activity that disposes of waste through methods

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and desvío de desechos
recycling.

waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and de desecho a energía


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or cuerpo de agua

water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets balance de agua

wet meter passing water medidor húmedo

wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands humedales
wetland.

wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm madera
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation xeriscaping


yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as tractor de almacén
hustler.
proyecto totalmente
zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with ocupado por la huella del
the site limits edificio (zero lot line)

Term (English) Definition (English) Spanish Definition
property left behind intentionally and permanently when it Propiedad abandonada intencional y permanentemente cuando el
appears that the former owner does not intend to come back, pick anterior propietario no tiene intención de regresar, recuperarla o
it up, or use it. One may have abandoned the property of contract utilizarla. Se puede haber abandonado la propiedad de los
rights by not doing what is required by the contract. However, an derechos contractuales por no cumplir lo estipulado en el contrato.
abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just Sin embargo, una servidumbre y otros derechos sobre el terreno
because of nonuse. Abandoned land is defined as land not being no se consideran propiedad abandonada meramente por falta de
used at the present time but that may have utilities and uso. El terreno abandonado se define como terreno no utilizado en
infrastructure in place. el presente, aunque puede contar con servicios e infraestructura.
vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has Vegetación que no es nativa de una región concreta pero que tiene
características que le permiten sobrevivir en esa área. Las plantas
adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do adaptadas no implican los mismos problemas que las especies
not pose the same problems as invasive species. invasivas.
Sustancia que se añade a un producto (como pinturas o pisos) para

matar o inhibir el crecimiento de microorganismos. Algunos
a substance added to a product (e.g., paint, flooring) to kill or productos como el linóleo tienen propiedades antimicrobianas
linoleum, exhibit natural antimicrobial properties. Despite current naturales. A pesar de las prácticas actuales, la ciencia no ha
demostrado que los tratamientos antimicrobianos reduzcan la
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments transmisión de infecciones mediante los acabados del edificio más
standard cleaning procedures. Also known as added microbial eficazmente que los procedimientos estándar de limpieza. También
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with se conoce como agente antimicrobiano añadido. Consulte la lista
de la Agencia de Protección Medioambiental, EPA (Environmental
Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides factsheets/treatart.htm). Protection Agency, EPA), Consumer Products Treated with
a site having at least a continuous 25% of its boundary bordering Sitio con al menos el 25% de sus límites que colindan de manera
parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider ininterrumpida con parcelas previamente desarrolladas.
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of Considerando solo las parcelas colindantes, no pasos de
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the servidumbre implicados. Cualquier fracción de los límites
calculation. adyacente a un cuerpo de agua queda excluida del cálculo.

Material ajeno a la tierra existente colocado en la superficie de la

material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the cara superior de un relleno sanitario municipal de residuos sólidos
active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each al final de cada día operativo para controlar los vectores, incendios,
alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and olores, dispersión de basuras y recogidas
(ADC)
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they indeseadas. Normalmente estos materiales deben ser procesados
do not allow gaps in the exposed landfill face. (CalRecycle) para que no permitan agujeros en la cara expuesta del relleno
sanitario. (CalRecycle).
low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, Combustibles poco contaminantes que no sean derivados de la
alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and gasolina, como la electricidad, el hidrógeno, el propano, el gas
ethanol natural comprimido, el gas natural líquido, el metanol y el etanol.
nonpotable water from other than public utilities, on-site surface Agua no potable que no provenga de los servicios públicos, fuentes
sources, and subsurface natural freshwater sources. Examples superficiales del sitio ni fuentes naturales subterráneas. Algunos
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, ejemplos son las aguas grises, las aguas recicladas en el sitio, el
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis agua de lluvia almacenada, la condensación capturada o el agua
systems (IgCC). desechada por los sistemas de osmosis inversa (lgCC).
a metric that describes the potential for visual discomfort in Unidad de medida que describe el potencial de malestar visual en
annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an entornos interiores de trabajo. Se define como el porcentaje de un
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance área de análisis que excede un nivel concreto de luminosidad solar
level more than a specified number of hours per year. durante más de un número concreto de horas al año.
a built-in, nonstructural portion of a roof system. Examples include Porción integrada y no estructural de una cubierta. Algunos
appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar ejemplos serían los tragaluces, ventiladores, equipamiento
energy panels. mecánico, tabiques y paneles de energía solar.
reports the percentage of sensors in the analysis area, using a Informa sobre el porcentaje de sensores en el área de análisis,
maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be usando una distancia máxima de 0,6 m (2 pies) entre los puntos,
ASE1000,250 exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250 que están expuestos a más de 1000 lux de luz solar directa durante
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed más de 250 horas al año, antes de que cualquier persiana operativa
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period se despliegue, considerando el mismo periodo de análisis de 10
as sDA and using comparable simulation methods horas/día que sDA y usando métodos de simulación comparables.

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a oProducto fabricado a partir de varios materiales (como el concreto)
producto compuesto de subcomponentes (como un puesto de
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) trabajo).
Utilizado por los distritos escolares para determinar qué

attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school estudiantes asisten a qué escuela, en función del lugar donde
students attend based on where they live
viven.
the illumination output for light-emitting diode lamps, as specified Potencia de luz de lámparas de diodos emisores de luz, según lo
average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– especificado en el International Commission on Illumination
2007 Standard 127–2007.
materials and products that make up the building or are Materiales y productos que componen el edificio o están
base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., permanente o temporalmente instalados en el proyecto (como
flooring, casework, wall coverings) pisos, armarios o recubrimientos de paredes).
baseline building Costo energético anual del diseño de un edificio, usado como línea
the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for de base para la comparación con diseños por encima de los
performance comparison with above-standard design estándares.
Antes de que se iniciara el proyecto LEED, pero no necesariamente

before the LEED project was initiated, but not necessarily before antes de que tuviera lugar cualquier desarrollo o perturbación. Las
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer condiciones de línea de base describen el estado del sitio del
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase proyecto en la fecha en que el desarrollador adquirió los derechos
sobre la mayoría del terreno edificable mediante la compra u
or option to purchase. opción de compra.
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- Estimación calculada del consumo de agua de un edificio
suponiendo que hay accesorios y apliques de plomería que
baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared cumplan con los códigos, y sin ahorros adicionales en comparación
with the design case or actual water meter data con el caso diseñado ni los datos reales del medidor de agua.
the information necessary to accomplish the owner’s project Información de diseño necesaria para cumplir con los requisitos del
requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental propietario para el proyecto, incluyendo las descripciones del
basis of design (BOD) sistema, los criterios de calidad ambiental interior, las hipótesis de
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable diseño y las referencias a los códigos, estándares, normativas y
codes, standards, regulations, and guidelines pautas de aplicación.

Red continua que consista en cualquiera de las siguientes

a continuous network consisting of any combination of the combinaciones: 1) veredas o senderos para bicicletas separados de
meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) las calles de al menos 2,5 metros (8 pies) de ancho en senderos de
bicycle network dos sentidos y 1,5 metros (5 pies) de ancho en senderos de un solo
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle sentido; 2) carriles de bicicleta señalizados físicamente dentro de
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a las calles de al menos 1,5 metros (5 pies) de ancho; o 3) calles
diseñadas para una velocidad de 40 km/hora (25 mph).
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and Distancia que un ciclista tiene que recorrer entre el origen y el
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. destino, la totalidad de la cual debe transcurrir en ciclovías.
commercial or industrial products (other than food or feed) that Artículos comerciales o industriales (que no sean alimento humano
are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological ni animal) la totalidad o parte sustancial de los cuales consista en
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, productos biológicos, materiales agrícolas renovables (incluyendo
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of materiales vegetales, animales y marinos) o forestales. LEED no
LEED, this excludes leather and other animal hides. contempla el cuero ni ninguna otra piel animal.
wastewater containing urine or fecal matter that should be Aguas residuales que contienen orina o materias fecales que
discharged to the sanitary drainage system of the building or deberían verterse al sistema de alcantarillado del edificio o de las
premises in accordance with the International Plumbing Code. instalaciones según el International Plumbing Code. Las aguas
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the residuales de los fregaderos (a veces se diferencian por el uso de
use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered un triturador de residuos), las duchas o las bañeras se consideran
blackwater under some state or local codes. aguas negras en virtud de algunos códigos estatales o locales.
the removal of makeup water from a cooling tower or evaporative Eliminación del agua de reposición del sistema de recirculación de
blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of una torre de enfriamiento o de un condensador de evaporación
dissolved solids para reducir la concentración de sólidos disueltos.
real property or the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which Bien inmueble o la expansión, redesarrollo o reutilización del
brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a mismo cuyo uso puede implicar una complicación por la presencia
hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. o posible presencia de una sustancia peligrosa o contaminante.

a luminaire classification system that classifies luminaires in terms Sistema que clasifica las luminarias usando siglas en inglés en
of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA términos de retroiluminación (B), iluminación hacia arriba (U) y
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former resplandor (G). La clasificación BUG reemplaza a la anterior
cutoff ratings. clasificación según el ancho del haz de luz.
the portion of the site where construction can occur, including Área del sitio que puede desarrollarse, incluyendo terreno
land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in apartado voluntariamente y sin construir. Cuando se usa en los
buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way cálculos de densidad, el terreno edificable excluye las zonas
públicas de servidumbre de paso y el terreno excluido del
and land excluded from development by codified law. desarrollo según la legislación codificada.
a structure’s primary and secondary weatherproofing system, Sistemas primario y secundario de impermeabilización de una
building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant estructura, incluyendo las membranas de impermeabilización y los
barrier materials, and all building elements outside that system materiales de barrera resistentes al aire y al agua, así como todos
los elementos del edificio fuera de dicho sistema.
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane Todo lo que se encuentra dentro de la membrana de
impermeabilización de una estructura.
an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or Sistema de autobús mejorado que opera en carriles bus exclusivos
bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the u otras vías preferenciales. Está diseñado para combinar la
flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail. flexibilidad de los autobuses con la eficiencia del tren.
a unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or Unidad de equivalente de dióxido de carbono que se reduce, evita
carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere o secuestra para compensar las emisiones que suceden en otro
(World Resources Institute) lugar (World Resources Institute).
a procedure that tracks a product from the point of harvest or Procedimiento de documentación de un producto desde punto de
recolección o extracción hasta su uso final, incluidas las etapas
chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of posteriores de procesamiento, transformación, fabricación y
distribución.

an intensive, multiparty workshop that brings people from Taller intensivo y diverso que aúna a personas de distintas
charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, disciplinas y ámbitos para explorar, generar y producir
generate, and collaboratively produce design options colaborativamente opciones de diseño.
a fluid, containing hydrocarbons, that absorbs heat from a Fluido con contenido en hidrocarburos que absorbe el calor de un
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher reservorio a baja temperatura y expulsa el calor a más alta
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause temperatura. Cuando se emite a la atmósfera, el CFC causa el
depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. agotamiento de la capa estratosférica de ozono.
Momento de la mañana (amanecer) o de la tarde (atardecer)

the point in time in the morning (dawn) or evening (dusk) when cuando el centro del sol está geométricamente 6 grados por debajo
Under good weather conditions, civil twilight is the best time to del horizonte. Con buenas condiciones climáticas, el crepúsculo
civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the civil es el mejor momento para distinguir claramente los objetos
terrestres. Antes del crepúsculo civil por la mañana y después del
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination crepúsculo civil por la tarde, suele ser necesaria iluminación
artificial para llevar a cabo actividades ordinarias al aire libre.
a space that is regularly occupied and used for educational Espacio regularmente ocupado y utilizado para actividades
classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and educativas. En un espacio de este tipo, las principales funciones son
la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, y una buena comunicación es crítica
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ para el desempeño académico de los estudiantes. (Adaptado de
ANSI S12.60).
Materiales que no presentan ninguna amenaza para el ser humano,

clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and resultantes de la construcción y demolición. Los residuos limpios no
contienen plomo ni asbestos.
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the Vidrio transparente que permite la visión a través de la ventanería.
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. El acristalamiento difuso solo permite la iluminación natural.

Sistema que actúa como disipador de calor para equipamiento de

a system that acts as a heat sink for heat-rejecting building and expulsión de calor del edificio o médico mediante la recirculación
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use de agua. Como el agua está sellada dentro del sistema, algunos
sistemas de enfriamiento de circuito cerrado usan agua no potable
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from (como agua de procesos reciclada recogida del serpentín de
an air handler's cooling coil condensate). refrigeración de una unidad de acondicionamiento de aire).
Medida de 0 a 100 que indica la precisión en la reproducción de

a measurement from 0 to 100 that indictes how accurately an tonos de una fuente de luz artificial en comparación con una luz
artificial light source, as compared with an incandescent light, incandescente. Cuanto más alto sea el índice, mayor es la precisión
de la luz en la reproducción cromática. La iluminación
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color incandescente tiene un índice de reproducción cromática superior
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting a 95, las lámparas convencionales de sodio de alta presión (como
many fluorescent sources using rare earth phosphors have a color las luces anaranjadas de las carreteras) tienen aproximadamente
25, muchas fuentes fluorescentes que usan fósforos de tierras raras
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY tienen un índice de reproducción cromática de 80 y superior.
STAR) (Adaptado de U.S. ENERGY STAR).
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option Agua descargada de un horno que incluya un ciclo u opción de
vapor.
Sistema integrado que captura el calor, que de otro modo no se

an integrated system that captures the heat, otherwise unused, usaría, generado por una sola fuente de combustible en la
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. producción de energía eléctrica. También conocido como
cogeneración. (Adaptado de la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de
Estados Unidos (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)).
building waste streams that are combined on the project site and Flujos de desechos del edificio que se combinan en el sitio del
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as proyecto y se llevan a otro lugar para su separación en categorías
single-stream recycling. de reciclaje. También conocido como reciclaje de un solo flujo.
the process of verifying and documenting that a building and all of Proceso de verificar y documentar que un edificio y todos sus
its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, sistemas y ensamblajes están planificados, diseñados, instalados,
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project probados, operados y mantenidos de modo que se cumplan los
requirements requisitos del propietario del proyecto.

Individuo designado para organizar, dirigir y revisar la finalización

the individual designated to organize, lead, and review the de las actividades del proceso de comisionamiento. La autoridad de
commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to comisionamiento facilita la comunicación entre el propietario, el
(CxA) diseñador y el contratista para asegurar que los sistemas complejos
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in se hayan instalado y funcionen de acuerdo con los requisitos del
accordance with the owner’s project requirements. propietario del proyecto.
the measurement of the level of dissolved solids in water, using Medida del nivel de sólidos disueltos en agua, usando la capacidad
conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is de una corriente eléctrica de circular a través del agua. Como
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for resulta afectada por la temperatura, la conductividad se mide a
standardization. 25°C por motivos de estandarización.
a region’s most common system for providing water to plants by El sistema más convencional en una región para proporcionar agua
conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly a las plantas de modo no natural. Un sistema de irrigación
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler convencional suele usar la presión para suministrar agua y la
heads above the ground. distribuye mediante aspersores por encima de la superficie.
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because Agua de descarga de la torre de enfriamiento normalmente debido
a la aparición de sarro por aumento en la salinidad o en la
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. alcalinidad. La purga de la torre de enfriamiento podría ser
demasiado salina para su uso en irrigación.
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction Análisis del ciclo de vida parcial de un producto, desde la extracción
cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution del recurso (cuna) a la puerta de la fábrica (antes de su transporte
para distribución y venta). Omite las fases de uso y eliminación del
producto.
an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural Área geográfica oficialmente designada que incluye tanto recursos
cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or culturales como naturales asociados a eventos, actividades o
personajes históricos o que ofrece otros valores culturales o
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values estéticos significativos.
current facilities the implementation of the owner’s project requirements, Implementación de los requisitos del propietario del proyecto,
developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and desarrollados para confirmar las necesidades y requisitos
requirements (CFR) requirements operativos actuales del propietario.

Área designada en el interior de un edificio o en unas instalaciones

a designated area in a building space or a central facility that is centrales que se aparta y se asigna a una tarea específica, como la
sized and allocated for a specific task, such as the collection of recolección de desechos reciclables. La señalética a menudo indica
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based el tipo de materiales reciclables almacenados. Algunos flujos de
desechos, como el de bombillas con mercurio, documentos
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or sensibles, residuos biomédicos o baterías, podrían requerir
batteries, may require particular handling or disposal methods. métodos específicos de manipulación o eliminación. Consulte los
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency procedimientos municipales seguros para almacenamiento y
website, at www.epa.gov. eliminación o use las directrices publicadas en la página web de la
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency en www.epa.gov.
Cambio en el consumo de electricidad mediante recursos

a change in electricity use by demand-side resources from their disponibles para los usuarios, quienes modifican sus patrones
normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of habituales de consumo en respuesta a los cambios en el precio de
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower la electricidad o para incentivar pagos. Diseñado para inducir a un
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when menor consumo de electricidad en los momentos de precios altos
system reliability is jeopardized de distribución al por mayor o cuando la fiabilidad del sistema está
en peligro.
a specific period of time when the utility or independent service Periodo específico en el que el proveedor del servicio u operador
demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- independiente solicita un cambio en el patrón o nivel de consumo
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a de redes eléctricas a los participantes en el programa. También
curtailment event. conocida como situación de restricción.
a temporary interior wall that can be easily reconfigured. In a Muro interior temporal que puede reconfigurarse fácilmente. En
demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, instalaciones médicas, por ejemplo en un quirófano, los problemas
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from acústicos y el equipamiento instalado podrían imposibilitar el uso
being used de tabiques desmontables.
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per Área con una densidad de ocupación según diseño de 25 personas
densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) o más por cada 93 metros cuadrados (1000 pies).

a measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a Medida de la superficie total de piso o de las unidades de vivienda
density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for de una parcela con relación al terreno edificable de dicha parcela.
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. Las unidades para medir la densidad difieren según los requisitos
Does not include structured parking. del crédito. No incluye el estacionamiento estructural.
– the floor area of a diagnostic and treatment of clinical – La superficie del piso de un departamento clínico de diagnóstico y
departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating tratamiento, calculada desde el centro de los muros que separan el
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space departamento de los espacios adyacentes. Las paredes y el espacio
within the department are included in the calculation. This de circulación dentro del departamento se incluyen en el cálculo.
calculation excludes inpatient units. Este cálculo excluye las unidades de pacientes hospitalizados.
the total land area of a project site covered by buildings, streets, Superficie total del sitio del proyecto cubierta por edificios, calles,
development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces áreas de estacionamiento y otras superficies típicamente
constructed as part of the project impermeables construidas como parte del proyecto.
a state in which two materials with different life spans make up Estado en el que dos materiales con diferentes vidas útiles
constituyen un solo componente. Si un material se gasta y no
differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be puede ser separado y sustituido, hay que tirar el producto
completo.
a means of entering a space without having to leave the floor or Modo de entrar en un espacio sin tener que abandonar la planta o
pasar por la habitación de otro paciente, espacio para el personal,
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public espacio de servicios o instalaciones o espacio público principal. Los
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day pasillos para pacientes y circulación pública, las zonas comunes con
asientos, los espacios de espera y de estancia durante el día
space may be part of a direct access route. pueden formar parte de una ruta de acceso directo.
an interior horizontal measurement of 1,000 lux or more of direct Medida interior horizontal de 1000 lux o más de un haz directo de
beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular luz natural que incluye la transmitancia de la ventana y los efectos
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no angulares y excluye el efecto de persianas operables, sin
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and contribución de luz reflejada (es decir, cero análisis de rebote) ni
no contribution from the diffuse sky component (Adapted from IES) del componente de radiación difusa de cielo (Adaptado del IES).

a central energy conversion plant and transmission and Planta de conversión de energía central y sistema de transmisión y
distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of distribución que proporciona energía térmica a un grupo de
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It edificios (como una planta de enfriamiento central en un campus
does not include central energy systems that provide only universitario). No incluye los sistemas centrales de energía que
electricity. proporcionen solo electricidad.
a distinct business or organization that provides goods or services Negocio u organización distinguible que ofrece bienes o servicios
intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated destinados a satisfacer las necesidades diarias y que está disponible
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a públicamente. No se incluyen instalaciones automáticas como
full list, see the Appendix. cajeros automáticos. El Apéndice incluye una lista completa.
Los sistemas de calefacción y refrigeración, el equipamiento y los

the heating and cooling systems, equipment, and controls located controles situados en el edificio del proyecto o en el sitio del
transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) proyecto y asociados con transportar la energía térmica del sistema
downstream equipment de energía del distrito hasta espacios con calefacción y
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes refrigeración. El equipamiento downstream incluye la conexión o
the thermal connection or interface with the DES, secondary interfaz térmica con el sistema de energía del distrito, los sistemas
de distribución secundarios del edificio y las unidades terminales.
Productos con una vida útil de aproximadamente dos o más años y

products with a useful life of approximately two or more years and que se reemplazan esporádicamente. Algunos ejemplos son el
durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office mobiliario, el equipamiento de oficina, los electrodomésticos, los
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and
audiovisual equipment. adaptadores de alimentación externos, las televisiones y el equipo
audiovisual.
the flow of long-lasting products from the project building after Flujo de productos duraderos desde el edificio del proyecto cuando
they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful han sido totalmente amortizados y han alcanzado el final de su vida
útil en operaciones normales del negocio. Incluye bienes duraderos
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods alquilados que vuelven a su propietario pero no incluye bienes
duraderos que sigan siendo funcionales y se trasladen a otra planta
that remain functional and are moved to another floor or building. o edificio.

the conductors, including the ungrounded, grounded, and Los conductores, incluyendo conductores con y sin puesta a tierra y
equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors, conductores de puesta a tierra de los equipos, conectores de
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or vehículos eléctricos, clavijas y cualquier otro accesorio, dispositivo,
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering toma de corriente o aparato instalado específicamente con el fin de
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National proporcionar energía desde la red del edificio al vehículo eléctrico.
Electric Codes and California Article 625) (National Electric Codes y California Article 625)
discarded office equipment (computers, monitors, copiers, Equipamiento de oficina desechado (computadoras, monitores,
fotocopiadoras, impresoras, escáneres, faxes), electrodomésticos
electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, (refrigeradores, lavavajillas, dispensadores de agua), adaptadores
televisions and other audiovisual equipment de alimentación externos y televisiones o cualquier otro equipo
audiovisual.
mercury in its purest form (rather than a mercury-containing Mercurio en su forma más pura (no en un compuesto que
elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent contenga mercurio), cuyo vapor suele usarse en bombillas
and other bulb types fluorescentes y de otros tipos.
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is Luminaria que opera solo en situaciones de emergencia y está
always off during normal building operation apagada durante las operaciones normales del edificio.
a nonresidential area of at least 5 acres (2 hectares) with a job Zona no residencial de al menos 2 hectáreas (5 acres) con una
employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 densidad de puestos de al menos 125 empleados por hectárea neta
employees per hectare net) (50 empleados por acre neto).
the exterior plus semi-exterior portions of the building. Exterior Las partes exteriores y semiexteriores del edificio. El exterior
consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned consiste en los elementos de un edificio que separan los espacios
spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior climatizados de lo que hay fuera (como las paredes). El
consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned semiexterior consiste en los elementos de un edificio que separan
enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated los espacios climatizados de los no climatizados o que cercan
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from espacios semiclimatizados mediante los cuales la energía térmica
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic, podría transferirse hacia o desde el exterior o espacios no
crawl space, basement). climatizados (como el ático, el forjado sanitario o el sótano).

a designation that allows an outside entity, such as USGBC, to Nombramiento que permite que una entidad externa, como el
energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building USGBC, acceda a la información relativa al consumo de agua y
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager energía que el equipo de gestión de un edificio conserva en
or a similar tool ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager u otra herramienta similar.
a substance designed at the molecular (nanometer) level. Because Sustancia diseñada a nivel molecular (nanoescala). Debido a su
of its small size, it has novel properties generally not seen in its pequeño tamaño, tiene propiedades nuevas que normalmente no
engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National existen en sus contrapartes de mayor escala. Consulte el Australian
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme,
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio
n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf. n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf.
a statement that the item meets the environmental requirements Informe que afirma que el artículo cumple con los requisitos
environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– ambientales de ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 y EN 15804, o
declaration
2007 ISO 21930–2007.
the combination of evaporation and plant transpiration into the Combinación de la evaporación y la transpiración de la vegetación a
atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant la atmósfera. La evaporación tiene lugar cuando el agua líquida de
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the la tierra, las superficies de la planta o los cuerpos de agua se
movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of convierte en vapor. La transpiración es el movimiento del agua a
water vapor. través de la planta y la consiguiente pérdida de vapor de agua.
Medidas tomadas por el fabricante de un producto para aceptar

measures undertaken by the maker of a product to accept its own sus propios productos y a veces los de otros fabricantes como
and sometimes other manufacturers’ products as postconsumer desechos postconsumo al final de la vida útil del producto. Los
waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and productores recuperan y reciclan los materiales para su uso en
extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To nuevos productos del mismo tipo. Para que se considere que un
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely programa cumple con el crédito, debe estar plenamente
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be disponible. En el caso de las alfombras, la responsabilidad ampliada
consistent with NSF/ANSI 140–2007. Also known as closed-loop del productor debe cumplir con el NSF/ANSI 1402007–2007.
program or product take-back. También conocido como programa de ciclo cerrado o retorno del
producto.

a roof that is covered with plants and typically not designed for Superficie cubierta con plantas que normalmente no está diseñada
para el acceso general. Generalmente, un sistema extensivo es una
general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof cubierta que requiere poco mantenimiento una vez está
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in consolidada. La profundidad del sustrato de las cubiertas vegetales
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the extensivas oscila entre 2,5 y 15 cm (de 1 a 6 pulgadas). (Adaptado
de la EPA, EE. UU.) La superficie exterior vegetal es la superficie
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated total de vegetación del sitio del proyecto, incluyendo las cubiertas
roofs and turf grass vegetales y el césped.
a device installed on the outside of a water pipe to record the Dispositivo instalado en el exterior de una tubería de agua para
external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on registrar el volumen de agua que la atraviesa. También conocido
meter. como medidor de pinza.
Densidad del uso del terreno no residencial, excluyendo

the density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking, estacionamiento, medida como la superficie de construcción no
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures. residencial total dividida entre la superficie edificable total
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) disponible para estructuras no residenciales. Por ejemplo, en un
sitio de 930 metros cuadrados (10 000 pies2) de superficie de
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an terreno edificable, un COS de 1,0 serían 930 metros cuadrados
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an (10 000 pies2) de superficie de piso construida. En ese mismo sitio,
un COS de 1,5 serían 1395 metros cuadrados (15 000 pies2), un
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and COS de 2,0 serían 1860 metros cuadrados (20 000 pies2) y un COS
de 0,5 serían 465 metros cuadrados (5000 pies2).
the water discharged from a subsurface drainage system. If a El agua extraída mediante un sistema de drenaje subterráneo. Si
foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be los cimientos de un edificio están bajo el nivel freático, podría ser
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for necesaria una bomba de achique. El agua proveniente de achicar
irrigation. puede almacenarse y usarse para riego.

a cluster of freight-related businesses that include intermodal Núcleo de negocios relacionados con las mercancías que incluye
operaciones de transporte intermodal. Los freight villages pueden
transfer operations. Freight villages may offer logistics services, ofrecer servicios logísticos, distribución integrada, posibilidades de
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, almacenamiento, salas de exposición y servicios auxiliares. Dichos
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management servicios auxiliares pueden incluir seguridad, mantenimiento,
correo, banca, aduanas y asistencia con importaciones, cafeterías,
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms, restaurantes, espacio de oficinas, salas de conferencias, hoteles y
hotels, and public or activity center transportation. centro de transporte público o de actividades.
a building opening designed to be used by pedestrians and open Ingreso de un edificio diseñado para ser usado por peatones y estar
functional entry during regular business hours. It does not include any door abierto durante el horario laboral habitual. No incluye ninguna
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not puerta diseñada exclusivamente como salida de emergencia, ni
designed as a pedestrian entrance. puertas de garaje no diseñadas como entrada peatonal.
the stand-alone furniture items purchased for the project, Elementos de mobiliario exentos adquiridos para el proyecto,
incluyendo asientos individuales y de grupo, puestos de trabajo
including individual and group seating; open-plan and private-office para oficinas abiertas y despachos privados, mesas y escritorios,
workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas, unidades de almacenamiento, aparadores, librerías, archivadores y
demás armarios, elementos empotrados para presentaciones
visual-display products (e.g., marker boards and tack boards, (como pizarras y tableros, pero no dispositivos electrónicos) y
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as
easels, mobile carts, freestanding screens, installed fabrics, and artículos variados como caballetes, carritos móviles, pantallas
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to exentas, textiles instalados y tabiques móviles. El equipamiento de
hostelería se incluye dentro del proyecto. Los accesorios de oficina
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape como secantes de escritorio, bandejas, dispensadores de cinta,
and small appliances, are excluded. papeleras y todos los artículos eléctricos como luces y pequeños
electrodomésticos están excluidos.

metric used to communicate how many grams of emissions (e.g., Unidad métrica usada para comunicar cuántos gramos de
grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a emisiones (en óxido de nitrógeno u otra materia concreta) se
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period emiten usando un motor con una potencia específica durante un
periodo de una hora.
“untreated household waste water which has not come into "Aguas residuales domésticas no tratadas que no hayan estado en
contact with toilet waste. Graywater includes used water from contacto con aguas negras. Las aguas grises incluyen el agua usada
bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, and water from clothes- de bañeras, duchas, tinas del baño y agua de lavadoras y tinas de
washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from lavar ropa. No puede incluir agua residual de la cocina de
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix fregaderos o lavavajillas". (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix G,
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “agua residual de
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and baños, bañeras, duchas, lavadoras y tinas de lavar ropa”
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray Water Recycling
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow Systems). Algunos estados y autoridades locales permiten la
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other inclusión del agua residual de las tinas de cocina. Pueden hallarse
differences can likely be found in state and local codes. Project otras diferencias entre códigos estatales y locales. Los equipos de
teams should comply with the graywater definition established by proyecto deberían cumplir con la definición de aguas grises
the authority having jurisdiction in the project area. establecida por la autoridad competente en la zona del proyecto.
Enfoque de gestión de climas húmedos basado en el suelo y la

a soil- and vegetation-based approach to wet weather vegetación que es rentable, sustentable y respetuoso con el medio
management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and ambiente. Los enfoques y tecnologías de gestión de
green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management infraestructuras verdes infiltran, evapotranspiran, capturan y
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture reutilizan las aguas pluviales para mantener o restaurar la
and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies. hidrología natural. (Adaptado de la Agencia de Protección
(Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Ambiental de Estados Unidos (U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency)).

a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity Subcategoría dentro de las energías renovables que incluye la
green power electricidad de redes de suministro proveniente de fuentes de
produced from renewable energy sources energía renovables.
vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American Vehículos que hayan obtenido una puntuación verde de 45 en la
guía anual de calificación de vehículos del American Council for an
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) o equivalente local en el caso de
proyectos de fuera de Estados Unidos).
Zona que no haya sido desarrollada, nivelada o perturbada

greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and anteriormente y que puede albergar espacio abierto, hábitat o
hidrología natural.
Elementos fijos del paisajismo. Incluye los pavimentos,

the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes caminamientos, muros de piedra, tarimas sintéticas y de madera,
senderos y aceras de concreto y los patios de concreto, ladrillo y
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. baldosas.
any item or agent (biological, chemical, physical) that has the Cualquier artículo o agente (biológico, químico o físico) que tenga
el potencial de causar daño a humanos, animales o al medio
hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, ambiente, ya sea por sí mismo o mediante la interacción con otros
factores.
Ganancia térmica de las superficies duras, como pavimentos o

the thermal absorption by hardscape, such as dark, nonreflective edificios oscuros no reflectantes y su consiguiente radiación a las
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle superficies colindantes. Otros factores que contribuyen pueden
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and incluir los tubos de escape de los autos, los aires acondicionados y
los equipamientos de la calle. Los edificios altos y las calles
narrow streets reduce airflow and exacerbate the effect. estrechas reducen el tránsito de aire y exacerban este efecto.
a transportation thoroughfare intended for motor vehicles with Vía de transporte prevista para vehículos motorizados con puntos
highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, de acceso limitado, prohibiciones respecto a vehículos de tracción
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects humana y velocidades más altas que las carreteras locales. Una
cities and towns. autopista suele conectar ciudades.

Edificación o estructura con importancia histórica, arquitectónica,

archeological, or cultural significance that is listed or determined to de ingeniería, arqueológica o cultural que está catalogada o cumple
be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing los requisitos para estar catalogada como estructura o edificación
histórica, o como edificación o estructura que forma parte de un
building or structure in a designated historic district. The historic distrito considerado histórico. La catalogación histórica debe
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state realizarla una junta local de conservación histórica o entidad
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of similar, y la estructura debe estar incluida en un registro estatal de
lugares históricos, en el National Register of Historic Places (o
Historic Places (or a local equivalent outside the U.S.), or have been equivalente local fuera de Estados Unidos) o debe haberse
determined eligible for listing. determinado que cumple los requisitos para ser incluida.
a group of buildings, structures, objects, and sites that have been Grupo de edificios, estructuras, objetos y sitios que han sido
considerados como de importancia histórica y arquitectónica o que
historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and cumplen los requisitos para ello, y que se han clasificado como
noncontributing to the historic nature of the district parte integrante o no parte integrante de la naturaleza histórica del
distrito.
an item that consists of only one material throughout or a Elemento que consiste en un solo material o en la combinación de
homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically múltiples materiales que no pueden separarse mecánicamente,
disjointed, excluding surface coatings excluyendo los revestimientos de superficies.
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs Grupo de plantas con necesidades de agua similares.

the incident luminous flux density on a differential element of Densidad de flujo luminoso que incide sobre un elemento
diferencial de la superficie ubicado en un punto y orientado en una
surface located at a point and oriented in a particular direction, dirección concreta, expresada en lúmenes por unidad de área.
expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is Debido a que el área implicada es diferencial, se suele hablar de la
The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: iluminancia como de un punto. El nombre de la unidad depende de
illuminance la unidad de medida del área: Pies candelas si se usan pies
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square cuadrados, y lux si se usan metros cuadrados. (Adaptado de IES) En
meters are used. (Adapted from IES) In lay terms, illuminance is a un lenguaje sencillo, la iluminancia es una medida de la luz que
footcandles in the U.S. (based on square feet) and in lux in most incide en una superficie. En Estados Unidos se expresa en pies
other countries (based on square meters). candelas (basándose en pies cuadrados) y en el resto de los países
se expresa en lux (basándose en metros cuadrados).
an area of ground that development and building have modified in Superficie del suelo ha sido modificada por el desarrollo y la
construcción de tal modo que las precipitaciones no pueden
such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through infiltrarse en la tierra. Algunos ejemplos de superficies
impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been impermeables son las cubiertas, las carreteras y estacionamientos
compacted either by design or by use. asfaltados, las aceras y los suelos que han sido compactados por
diseño o por uso.
Zona en la cual un ocupante realiza distintas actividades. Los

an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual espacios para un único ocupante pueden hallarse dentro de
individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should espacios para múltiples ocupantes y deben tratarse de manera
separada siempre que sea posible.
any water discharged from a factory setting. Before this water can Todo el agua vertida por el entorno de una fábrica. Antes de poder
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or usar esta agua para riego, es necesario revisar su calidad. El agua
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation. salina o corrosiva no debe usarse para riego.
a site where at least 75% of the land area, exclusive of rights-of- Sitio en el que al menos el 75% de la superficie del terreno,
way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is excluyendo zonas de servidumbre, en un radio de 800 metros (0,5
millas) de los límites del proyecto ya ha sido desarrollada. Una calle
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not o zona de servidumbre no se considera como terreno previamente
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on desarrollado, lo que importa es la situación de la propiedad al otro
lado de la calle o zona de servidumbre.

(HVAC) uncontrolled inward air leakage to conditioned spaces (HVAC) Fuga interna incontrolada de aire a espacios climatizados
infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from mediante aperturas accidentales en cubiertas, pisos y paredes de
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure espacios no acondicionados o del exterior, causada por las mismas
differences that induce exfiltration. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) diferencias de presión de inducen la exfiltración. ASHRAE 62,12010
Valor entre 0 y 1 (o 0% y 100%) que indica la capacidad de un

a value between 0 and 1 (or 0% and 100%) that indicates the material de emitir radiación infrarroja (calor). Un techo frío debería
ability of a material to shed infrared radiation (heat). A cool roof tener una alta emitancia térmica. La gama de longitudes de onda
should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for de energía radiante es aproximadamente de 5 a 40 micrómetros. La
radiant energy is roughly 5 to 40 micrometers. Most building mayoría de los materiales de construcción (incluyendo el vidrio)
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum son opacos en esta parte del espectro y tienen una emitancia de
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, aproximadamente 0,9 o 90%. Los metales limpios y sin recubrir,
such as untarnished galvanized steel, have a low emittance and are como el acero galvanizado no tratado tienen una baja emitancia y
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast, son la excepción más importante a la regla de 0,9. Por el contrario,
aluminum roof coatings have intermediate emittance levels. los recubrimientos de aluminio de cubiertas tienen niveles de
(Adapted from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) emitancia intermedios. (Adaptado de Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory).
Individuo ingresado en una unidad médica, quirúrgica o de

inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, maternidad, especialidad o cuidados intensivos durante una
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours estancia que supere las 23 horas.
Cualquier unidad médica, quirúrgica o de maternidad, especiliadad

inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit o cuidados intensivos en la que un individuo reciba cuidados
durante más de 23 horas.
an information conveyance system that cannot be easily removed. Sistema de transmisión de la información que no puede ser
For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency eliminado con facilidad. En mobiliario dicho etiquetado puede
incluir identificación de radiofrecuencia, grabados, repujados o
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking cualquier otra forma de marcado permanente que contenga
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of información sobre el origen del material, las propiedades y la fecha
manufacture.
de fabricación.
a method of pest management that protects human health and Método de manejo de plagas que protege la salud humana y el
integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns medio ambiente a su alrededor, mejorando la rentabilidad
management económica mediante el uso de la opción más eficaz y de menor
through the most effective, least-risk option riesgo.

Enfoque que implica a las personas, sistemas y estructuras

an approach that involves people, systems, and business structures (acuerdos contractuales y legales) y prácticas de negocio. El
proceso emplea el talento y el entendimiento de todos los
integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve participantes para mejorar los resultados, aumentar el valor para el
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize propietario, reducir desechos y maximizar la eficiencia durante
efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and todas las fases del diseño, fabricación y construcción. (Adaptado
del American Institute of Architects).
a roof that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has Cubierta que, en comparación con una cubierta vegetal extensiva,
tiene mayor volumen de sustrato, acepta una mayor variedad de
greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including plantas (incluyendo arbustos y árboles) y permite una mayor
shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including variedad de usos (incluyendo el acceso humano). La profundidad
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants del sustrato es un factor importante para determinar el valor del
hábitat. Las plantas nativas o adaptadas seleccionadas para la
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife cubierta deberán acoger poblaciones de flora y fauna endémica.
populations. (Adapted from Green Roofs for Healthy Cities) (Adaptado de Green Roofs for Healthy Cities).
Todas las capas aplicadas sobre un contrapiso acabado o escaleras,

all the layers applied over a finished subfloor or stairs, including incluyendo peldaños y contrahuellas de escaleras, rampas y
stair treads and risers, ramps, and other walking surfaces. Interior cualquier otra superficie transitable. Los acabados interiores
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, excluyen elementos estructurales como vigas, cerchas, montantes,
trusses, studs, or subfloors, or similar items. Interior finish also contrapisos o elementos similares. Los acabados interiores
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives. tampoco incluyen recubrimientos húmedos o adhesivos no
completos.
all the layers comprising the exposed interior surfaces of buildings, Todas las capas de las superficies expuestas interiores de los
including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings, edificios, incluyendo paredes fijas, tabiques fijos, columnas, techos
interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish expuestos, así como revestimientos de madera, paneles,
finish revestimientos interiores o cualquier acabado que se aplique
applied mechanically or for decoration, acoustical correction, mecánicamente o con fines decorativos, de corrección acústica,
resistencia superficial a incendios o similares.

a venue for the movement of goods in a single loading unit or road Lugar para el movimiento de mercancías en una única unidad de
intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation carga o vehículo de carreteras que utiliza sucesivamente dos o más
without the need to handle the goods themselves modos de transporte sin necesidad de manipular los bienes.
Vegetación no nativa que se ha introducido en una zona y que se

nonnative vegetation that has been introduced to an area and that adapta y reproduce agresivamente. El vigor de la planta en
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. combinación con la falta de enemigos naturales a menudo conduce
(Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture) a un aumento incontrolado de la población. (Adaptado del
Departamento de Agricultura (U.S. Department of Agriculture))
electricity consumption by information technology and telecom Consumo de electricidad de los equipos de tecnologías de la
IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage información y la comunicación, incluyendo servidores, redes y
equipment over the course of a year equipos de almacenamiento, a lo largo de un año.
a device emitting light in a fixture, excluding lamp housing and Elemento emisor de luz dentro de un dispositivo, excluyendo
lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also carcasas y balastos. Los diodos emisores de luz montados como
meet this definition. lámparas tradicionales también entran en esta definición.
Vida útil operativa de una fuente de luz artificial, como una

the useful span of operation of a source of artificial light, such as bombilla. La vida de la lámpara de luces fluorescentes se determina
bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three con una prueba que consiste en tres horas de encendido por cada
hours on for every 20 minutes off. For high-density discharge 20 minutos de apagado. En lámparas de alta densidad de descarga,
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. la prueba se basa en 11 horas de encendido por cada 20 minutos
Lamp life depends on whether the start ballast is program or de apagado. La vida de la lámpara depende de si el balasto de
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’ arranque es programado o instantáneo. Estos datos se publican en
information. Also known as rated average life. la información del fabricante. También se conoce como vida útil
nominal.

Organización privada sin ánimo de lucro cuya misión total o parcial

actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in es trabajar activamente para conservar terrenos asumiendo o
land trust asistiendo en la servidumbre de conservación o la adquisición de
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of tierras, o mediante la administración de dichas tierras o
such land or easements (Adapted from Land Trust Alliance) servidumbres (Adaptado de Land Trust Alliance).
Materiales naturales (como rocas, tierras, piedras o vegetación).

materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). Los materiales fabricados por el ser humano (como concreto,
considered construction waste even if they were on site. ladrillos o cemento) se consideran desechos de construcción
aunque ya estuvieran en el sitio.
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for Cantidad de agua que requiere la zona o las zonas de paisajismo
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month durante el mes con mayor demanda de riego del sitio.
Etiqueta definida por las normativas de la Agencia de Protección

a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking Medioambiental (Environmental Protection Agency, EPA) bajo la
lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, ley Safe Drinking Water Act que permite pequeñas cantidades de
pipe fittings, and well pumps plomo en soldaduras, caudales, tuberías, accesorios de tuberías y
bombas de pozos.
a registered pesticide in the Tier III (lowest toxicity) category, using Pesticida registrado en la categoría Tier III (menor toxicidad)
the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets usando el sistema de clasificación San Francisco Hazard Ranking, o
the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening pesticida que cumpla con los requisitos del San Francisco Pesticide
least-risk pesticide Hazard Screening Protocol y se venda como cebos cerrados o
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- tratamientos de grietas y fisuras usados en áreas inaccesibles a los
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants. ocupantes del edificio. Los rodenticidas nunca se consideran como
pesticidas menos tóxicos.
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an Cantidad de tiempo que una persona permanece en unas
admitted patient instalaciones médicas como paciente ingresado.
an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from Evaluación de los efectos medioambientales de un producto de la
life-cycle assessment cuna a la tumba (cradle to grave) según las definiciones ISO 14040–
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 2006 e ISO 14044–2006.

a database that defines the environmental effects (inputs and Base de datos que define los efectos medioambientales (entradas y
salidas) de cada paso en el ciclo de vida de un material o
life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The ensamblaje. La base de datos es específica de los países y regiones
dentro de los países.
Residuos lumínicos del sitio de un edificio que producen

upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not deslumbramiento, están enfocados hacia el cielo o dirigidos fuera
light pollution del perímetro sitio. Los residuos lumínicos no aumentan la
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly seguridad nocturna, la utilidad ni la seguridad en general y
consumes energy. consumen energía innecesariamente.
Servicio de transporte público con dos o tres vagones en una vía

is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between preferencial que suele estar separada de otros tipos de tráfico. El
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating espacio entre estaciones suele ser de al menos 0,8 kilómetros (0,5
millas) y la velocidad máxima operativa de 65-90 km/h (40-55
speeds are typically 40–55 mph (65–90 kmh). Light-rail corridors mph). Las vías de tren ligero normalmente abarcan 16 kilómetros
(10 millas) o más.
obtrusive illumination that is unwanted because of quantitative, Iluminación molesta por sus atributos cuantitativos, direccionales o
light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause de espectro. La intrusión lumínica puede causar malestar,
annoyance, discomfort, distraction, or loss of visibility. incomodidad, distracción o pérdida de visibilidad.
Acción intencional de un proveedor de servicios de reducir la carga

an intentional action by a utility to reduce the load on the system. del sistema. El deslastre de carga se suele llevar a cabo durante
load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such periodos de emergencia como déficits de capacidad, inestabilidad
del sistema o control del voltaje.
Estacionamiento de bicicletas de fácil acceso para los residentes y

long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees empleados que está cubierto para proteger las bicicletas de la lluvia
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow y la nieve.
an operational improvement, such as a repair, upgrade, or staff Mejora operativa, como una reparación, optimización, formación o
training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the formación avanzada de personal. En LEED, el equipo de proyecto
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility determina el límite máximo razonable de las mejoras de bajo costo
según los recursos de las instalaciones y los presupuestos
resources and operating budgets. operativos.

Enfoque de la gestión de la escorrentía que enfatiza las

an approach to managing rainwater runoff that emphasizes on-site características naturales del sitio para proteger la calidad del agua
natural features to protect water quality, by replicating the natural replicando el régimen hidrológico natural de cubrimiento del
land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff terreno de las cuencas y tratando la escorrentía cerca de su fuente.
low-impact development close to its source. Examples include better site design principles Algunos ejemplos incluyen mejores principios de diseño del sitio
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, (como minimizar la perturbación del terreno, conservar la
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain vegetación, minimizar la cubierta impermeable), prácticas de
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, diseño (como jardines de lluvia, canales y lindes con vegetación,
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered pavimento permeable, recolección de aguas pluviales y mejoras del
practices that may require specialized design assistance. suelo). Estas son prácticas de ingeniería que pueden requerir
asistencia especializada en el diseño.
water that is fed into a cooling tower system or evaporative Agua que se introduce en un sistema de torre de refrigeración o
makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- condensador de evaporación para sustituir el agua perdida por
off, or other causes evaporación, arrastre, purga u otros motivos.
to capture and retain a specified volume of rainfall to mimic Con el fin de capturar y retener un volumen especificado de agua
natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management de lluvia e imitar así la función hidrológica natural. Algunos
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and ejemplos de gestión de las aguas pluviales incluyen estrategias que
capture and reuse. implican evapotranspiración, infiltración, captura y reutilización.
the limits of a site master plan. The master plan boundary includes Los límites de un plan maestro. El perímetro del plan maestro
the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites incluye la superficie del proyecto y puede incluir todos los edificios
master plan boundary y sitios asociados fuera del perímetro del proyecto LEED. El
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. perímetro del plan maestro considera futuros usos sustentables,
expansiones y contracciones.
Medida de la luz emitida por una fuente derivada de los

of a source’s emitted light derived from industry standards, taken estándares de la industria, tomada con un balasto de arranque
mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as inmediato que tiene un factor de balasto de 1,0 medido al 40% de
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a
la vida de la lámpara (excepto para lámparas T-5, que usan un
program-start ballast) balasto de arranque programado).

an item of furniture designed for use in health care. Examples Artículo o equipamiento diseñado para su uso en cuidados
include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology médicos. Algunos ejemplos son las mesas de operaciones; los
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and carros para procedimientos, de material o de tecnología móvil; los
elementos auxiliares para trasladar y elevar; los armarios móviles
overbed tables. de materiales y estanterías; y las mesas auxiliares para la cama.
a regulator that limits the flow time of water, generally a manual- Regulador que limita el tiempo que fluye el agua. Suele ser un
metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory dispositivo de encendido manual y apagado automático,
faucets and showers normalmente instalado en los grifos de lavabos y en las duchas.
white and colored paper, envelopes, forms, file folders, tablets, Papel blanco y de color, sobres, formularios, carpetas de archivos,
mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone libretas, folletos, cajas de cereales, papel de envolver, catálogos,
books, and photos revistas, listines telefónicos y fotos.
Estanterías y obras de ebanistería diseñadas para instalarse,

shelving and cabinetry designed to be easily installed, moved, or moverse o reconfigurarse fácilmente. En un entorno de venta, los
artículos que pueden moverse pero están semipermanentemente
modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for fijos mediante sistemas de amarre mecánico para usos operativos,
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building se consideran mobiliario y no elementos básicos del edificio (como
attached to a wall). puertas o elementos de exposición atornillados al piso o
estanterías fijadas a la pared).
the distance between ground level (or the workplane) and the La distancia entre el nivel del piso (o plano de trabajo) y la parte
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a inferior de la luminaria (dispositivo de iluminación); la altura a la
luminaire is installed. (Adapted from Light a Home) cual se instala una luminaria. (Adaptado de Light a Home).
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or Módulos que los usuarios pueden mover sin necesidad de
herramientas, la ayuda de trabajadores cualificados ni la
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management administración del edificio.
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, Sitio planificado para el desarrollo de tiendas, restaurantes y otros
multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some negocios. Los vendedores pueden compartir algunos servicios y
services and common areas. áreas comunes.

a unique five- or six-digit number used to identify specific lamps, Número único de cinco o seis dígitos usado para identificar una
NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors lámpara concreta, usado por la National Association of Electrical
Distributors.
Especie nativa que existe en una región, ecosistema y hábitat

ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions. particular sin que medie acción humana directa o indirecta. Las
Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and especies nativas han evolucionado con la geografía, hidrología y
clima de dicha región. También existen en comunidades, es decir,
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they han evolucionado junto con otras especies. Como resultado, estas
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife comunidades ofrecen un hábitat a una variedad de otras especies
species. Species native to North America are generally recognized de fauna y flora nativa. Normalmente se entienden como especies
nativas a Norteamérica las existentes en el continente antes del
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. asentamiento de europeos. También se conocen como plantas
nativas.
Compuesto no fabricado por el ser humano que se utiliza para

substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric enfriar. Estas sustancias suelen tener un potencial de daño
natural refrigerant atmosférico mucho menor que los refrigerantes químicos
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples fabricados. Algunos ejemplos son el agua, el dióxido de carbono y
include water, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. el amoniaco.
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil Estudio basado en Estados Unidos que muestra los límites de los
Conservation Service (NRCS) types and special soil features on the site distintos tipos de suelos y las características del suelo del sitio.
soils delineation
the natural land cover function of water occurrence, distribution, Comportamiento natural de la presencia, distribución, movimiento
movement, and balance y equilibro del agua en su cobertura del terreno.
Suma de todas las áreas interiores en el proyecto disponibles para

the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the acoger el proyecto del programa. No incluye las áreas para el
equipamiento del edificio, circulación vertical o componentes
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. estructurales.

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or Espacio público, zona de diagnóstico o tratamiento, unidad
ambulatoria o cualquier otro espacio de unas instalaciones médicas
non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals no destinado a individuos que hayan sido ingresados para su
cuidado.
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards Agua que no cumple los requisitos para consumo humano.
an area that people pass through or an area used for focused Zona que la gente atraviesa o zona usada para actividades
activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The específicas durante una media de menos de una hora al día por
non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time persona y por día. El periodo de una hora es continuo y debe
basarse en la hora a la que el ocupante típico usa el espacio. Para
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a espacios que no se usen diariamente, el periodo de una hora debe
typical occupant spends in the space when it is in use. basarse en el tiempo que el ocupante típico para en el espacio
cuando está en uso
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human Dispositivos y accesorios de plomería que contienen y tratan los
waste via microbiological processes residuos humanos mediante procesos microbiológicos.
a plumbing fixture having a water flush with a trap that contains a Dispositivo de plomería que tiene una descarga de agua con un
nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer depósito que contiene un líquido que flota por encima de la orina,
gas and odors bloqueando los gases y olores a alcantarilla.
Sistema o interruptor al que una persona del espacio puede

a system or switch that a person in the space can directly access acceder y utilizar directamente. Algunos ejemplos son las luces
and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. para puestos de trabajo, los interruptores de apertura y las
occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system persianas. Los sensores de temperature, fotosensores o sistemas
is not occupant controlled. controlados centralmente no se consideran como controlados por
los ocupantes.
an enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those Espacio cerrado previsto para actividades humanas, excluyendo los
spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as espacios principalmente diseñados para otros propósitos, como
occupiable space salas de almacenamiento y equipamiento que solo estén ocupados
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only ocasionalmente y durante cortos periodos de tiempo (ASHRAE
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) 62.1–2010).

enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those Espacio cerrado previsto para actividades humanas, excluyendo los
spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as espacios principalmente diseñados para otros propósitos, como
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied salas de almacenamiento y equipamiento que solo estén ocupados
occasionally and for short periods of time. Occupied spaces are ocasionalmente y durante cortos periodos de tiempo. Los espacios
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied ocupados se clasifican entre los ocupados regularmente y los no
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or ocupados regularmente según la duración de la ocupación, entre
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or individuales y de ocupación múltiple según la cantidad de
nondensely occupied spaces based on the concentration of ocupantes y entre densa y no densamente ocupados según la
occupants in the space. concentración de ocupantes en el espacio.
a product that has a low cost per unit and is regularly used and Producto que tiene un bajo costo por unidad y que se usa y
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner sustituye regularmente durante el curso de la actividad. Algunos
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as ejemplos son papel, cartuchos de tóner, carpetas, baterías y
ongoing purchases. accesorios de escritorio. También conocidos como compras diarias.
on-site wastewater the transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of wastewater Transporte, almacenamiento, tratamiento y descarga de las aguas
treatment generated on the project site residuales generadas en el sitio del proyecto.
pavements that consist of loose substrates supported by a grid of a Pavimento que consiste en un sustrato suelto seguido de un
sistema de retícula o red más sólida estructuralmente. El concreto
more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and permeable y el asfalto poroso no se consideran retícula abierta, ya
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered que se incluyen como materiales ligados. Los sustratos no ligados,
sueltos, no transfieren y almacenan el calor como los materiales
and store heat like bound and compacted materials do. ligados y compactados.
Plan que especifica los parámetros y límites, procedimientos y

a plan that specifies major system operating parameters and limits, horarios de mantenimiento, y métodos de documentación de los
operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation principales sistemas operativos necesarios para demostrar la
maintenance of an approved emissions control device or system correcta operación y mantenimiento de un dispositivo o sistema de
control de emisiones aprobado.
a luminaire intended for illuminating portions of the circulation Luminaria prevista para iluminar partes de las zonas de circulación
network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to y que también cumple una función ornamental, además de servir
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a eficazmente para iluminar la calle y tener una función estética o de
decorative or historical period appearance un periodo histórico.

a patient who is not hospitalized for 24 hours or more but who Paciente que no está ingresado durante 24 horas o más pero que
outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis visita un hospital, clínica o instalación médica asociada para
or treatment diagnóstico o tratamiento.
a written document that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria Documento escrito que detalla las ideas, conceptos y criterios que
owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the el propietario ha determinado que son importantes para el éxito
project del proyecto.
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location Cama para paciente, silla de infusión, box de recuperación u otra
where a patient receives clinical care ubicación en la que el paciente reciba cuidados médicos.
the maximum electricity load at a specific point in time or over a Carga máxima de electricidad en un momento específico o durante
peak demand period of time un periodo de tiempo.
the month with the greatest deficit between evapotranspiration Mes con el mayor déficit entre evapotranspiración y
and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region precipitaciones. Es el mes en el que las plantas de la región donde
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- está el sitio pueden requerir mayor cantidad de agua
suplementaria, suele ser un mes de mediados de verano.
summer month. (Sustainable Sites Initiative) (Sustainable Sites Initiative).
a structure that cannot be moved by the user without tools or Estructura que no puede ser desplazada por el usuario sin
herramientas o ayuda de trabajadores cualificados y la
permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples administración del edificio. Algunos ejemplos son campanas de
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or laboratorio, tabiques fijos, tabiques desmontables opacos de altura
total o parcial, algunos elementos de exposición y equipamiento.
Transferencia del consumo de energía a horas de menor consumo

permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when cuando la demanda de energía es más baja y la energía es por lo
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive
tanto menos cara.
permeable pavement a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the Superficie pavimentada que permite que la escorrentía se filtre al
ground suelo natural.

Sustancia que plantea un riesgo a largo plazo para humanos, no

humanos y el medio ambiente debido a que permanece en el
a substance that poses a long-term risk to both humans and the entorno durante largos periodos, aumenta en concentración a
environment because it remains in the environment for long medida que sube en la cadena alimentaria y puede desplazarse
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, lejos de la fuente de contaminación. A menudo estas sustancias
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these pueden ganar en potencia y en capacidad de daño a los
substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems ecosistemas cuanto más tiempo persistan. Consulte la página web
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent de la Agencia de Protección Medioambiental, EPA (Environmental
bioaccumulative toxic chemicals, www.epa.gov/pbt/. Protection Agency, EPA) para más información sobre sustancia
químicas persistentes, bioacumulativas y tóxicas,
www.epa.gov/pbt/.
Área que conecta a los pacientes, visitantes y al personal de un

an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to centro médico con los beneficios para la salud de un entorno
place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief) natural. (Adaptado de la Green Guide for Health Care Places of
Respite Technical Brief).
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to Corriente eléctrica tomada por todos los equipos conectados al
plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. sistema eléctrico mediante una toma en la pared.
Desechos generados por hogares o instalaciones comerciales,

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can industriales o institucionales en su papel como usuarios finales de
content un producto que ya no puede utilizarse para el uso que estaba
no longer be used for its intended purpose diseñado.
Agua que cumple o supera los estándares para agua potable de la

water that meets or exceeds U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Agencia de Protección Medioambiental, EPA (Environmental
drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the Protection Agency, EPA), o equivalente local fuera de Estados
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local
Unidos, y que cuenta con aprobación para consumo humano por
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or parte del estado o de las autoridades locales competentes. Puede
municipal water systems provenir de pozos o sistemas de agua municipales.

Potencia eléctrica de un dispositivo que asigna electricidad y sirve

the electrical power from a device that allocates power to and al equipo de tecnologías de la información (TI). La unidad de
serves information technology (IT) equipment. Power distribution distribución de energía (PDU según siglas en inglés) no incluye las
unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any pérdidas de eficiencia de ninguna transformación que tenga lugar
transformation that occurs within the PDU, but it can include en la PDU, pero puede incluir los dispositivos auxiliares que no sean
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as de TI instalados en los racks de TI, como los ventiladores. Si el
power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer sistema PDU incluye equipo que no sea de TI (como aire
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row acondicionado de la sala de computadoras, manejadoras de aire de
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the la sala de computadoras, refrigeración en filas), dicho equipo debe
PDU output reading. The metering approach should be consistent medirse y sustraerse de la lectura de potencia de la PDU. El
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) enfoque de medición debe ser coherente con la medición necesaria
category (e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE para la categoría de eficiencia del consumo de energía (ECE) (por
categories 1, 2, and 3). ejemplo, una medición continua del consumo para las categorías
de ECE 1, 2 y 3).
Medida de la eficiencia del consumo de energía del centro de

power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; datos, específicamente de cuánta electricidad usa el equipo de
effectiveness (PUE) rather than for cooling and other overhead computación independientemente de la refrigeración y de otros
consumos generales.
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does Pulidoras y abrillantadoras de pisos eléctricas y de batería. No
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications incluye el equipo utilizado en aplicaciones húmedas.
matter diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing Materia desviada del flujo de desechos durante el proceso de
process, determined as the percentage of material, by weight. fabricación, determinada como el porcentaje de material por peso.
Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, Algunos ejemplos son virutas del cepillo eléctrico, serrín, bagazo,
preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete cáscaras de nuez, fruta descartada, material de poda, publicaciones
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap sobrantes o inventarios obsoletos. Esta designación excluye
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that materiales reelaborados, molidos o chatarra que pueda volver a ser
generated them (ISO 14021). Formerly known as postindustrial utilizada en el mismo proceso que la generó (ISO 14021).
content. Anteriormente conocido como contenido postindustrial.

the parking spots closest to the main entrance of a building Lugares de estacionamiento más cercanos a la entrada principal del
edificio (excluyendo los espacios designados para personas con
preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For discapacidad). En el caso de estacionamiento de empleados, se
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the refiere a los espacios más cercanos a la entrada utilizados por
empleados.
the wearing out or disuse of components or materials whose Desgaste o desuso de piezas o materiales cuya vida útil excede su
service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a vida de diseño. Por ejemplo, un material con una vida potencial de
premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 30 años se diseña para durar solo 15 años, de modo que los 15
years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially años restantes de servicio quedan potencialmente desperdiciados.
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as Por el contrario, los componentes cuya vida útil es igual a su uso
their expected use are utilized to their maximum potential. previsto se utilizan hasta alcanzar su máximo potencial.
altered by paving, construction, and/or land use that would Alterado mediante la pavimentación, construcción y/o uso del
terreno que normalmente habría requerido permisos para iniciarse
typically have required regulatory permitting to have been initiated (las alteraciones pueden tener lugar en el presente o haber
sucedido en el pasado). El terreno que no ha sido desarrollado
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or anteriormente y los paisajes alterados por desbroce o relleno, uso
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or agrícola o forestal actual o pasado, o las zonas naturales
date of previous development permit issuance constitutes the date conservadas se consideran terreno no desarrollado. La fecha de
emisión del anterior permiso de desarrollo constituye la fecha del
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not desarrollo anterior, pero la emisión del permiso en sí mismo no
constitute previous development. constituye un desarrollo previo.
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously Sitio que antes del proyecto consistía en al menos un 75% de
previously developed site developed land terreno desarrollado anteriormente.

Terreno que tiene la mejor combinación de características físicas y

químicas para producir alimentos, pienso, forraje, fibras y cultivos
characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed oleaginosos y que está disponible para dichos usos, según lo
estipula el Departamento de Servicios de Conservación de Recursos
crops and that is available for these uses, as determined by the U.S. Agrícolas Naturales (U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural
prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Resources Conservation Service), una metodología estadounidense
productive soil). For a complete description of what qualifies as que establece criterios para suelos altamente productivos. Para
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, una descripción completa de qué se considera tierra agrícola de
primera, consulte el Código de normativas federales (U.S. Code of
Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5. Federal Regulations Title 7, Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section
657.5).
a device that measures water flow and is installed downstream Dispositivo que mide el caudal de agua y que se instala más allá del
medidor de suministro público de agua o como parte de un sistema
private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water de agua en el sitio mantenido por el equipo de administración del
edificio.
Recursos de energía consumidos con motivo de un proceso de

power resources consumed in support of a manufacturing, fabricación, industrial o comercial que no sea el
industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces reacondicionamiento de espacios y el mantenimiento del confort y
process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food los servicios para los ocupantes del edificio. Puede incluir
equipamiento de refrigeración, cocción y preparación de alimentos,
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances. lavado de ropa y demás electrodomésticos auxiliares principales.
(ASHRAE) (ASHRAE).
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release Carga de un edificio resultante del consumo o liberación de
load of process energy (ASHRAE) energía de procesos (ASHRAE).
water that is used for industrial processes and building systems, Agua utilizada para procesos industriales y sistemas del edificio,
process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to tales como torres de enfriamiento, calderas (boilers) y enfriadores.
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes También puede referirse al agua empleada en procesos operativos
washing, and ice making. como el lavado de platos o ropa y la fabricación de hielo.

an item that arrives on the project site either as a finished element Elemento que llega al sitio del proyecto bien como elemento
acabado para su instalación o como componente de otro elemento
ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled ensamblado en el sitio. La unidad del producto está definida por los
product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and requisitos funcionales de uso en el proyecto, incluye los
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently componentes físicos y los servicios necesarios para la prestación de
la función prevista del producto del edificio permanentemente
installed building product. In addition, similar products within a instalado. Además, cada uno de los productos similares dentro de
specification can each contribute as separate products. una especificación puede contribuir como producto individual.
Sistema para el suministro al público de agua para consumo

a system for the provision to the public of water for human humano a través de tuberías u otros medios de transporte
consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To construidos. Para que se considere público, el sistema debe tener
public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service al menos 15 conexiones de servicio o suministrar regularmente a al
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted menos 25 individuos. (Adaptado de la Agencia de Protección
from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Ambiental de Estados Unidos (U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency)).
the capture, diversion, and storage of rain for future beneficial Captura, desvío y almacenamiento de lluvia para un futuro uso
use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other beneficioso. Generalmente, el agua se almacena en un tonel o
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance cisterna, hay otros componentes como la superficie de captación y
el sistema de transporte. El agua de lluvia recolectada puede usarse
para riego.
the basic substance from which products are made, such as Sustancia básica de la que se fabrican productos, como concreto,
raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., vidrio, yeso, sillería, metales, materiales reciclados (como plásticos
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, y metales), petróleo (petróleo, ácido poliláctico), piedra, agrofibras,
agrifiber, bamboo, and wood bambú y madera.
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse Agua residual que ha sido tratada y purificada para su reutilización.
defined in accordance with the International Organization of Definido de acuerdo al documento ISO 14021 de la Organización
Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and Internacional de Normalización – Environmental labels and
recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II declarations, Self-declared environmental claims (Type II
environmental labeling) environmental labeling).

reference the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no Cantidad de agua perdida en una superficie vegetal específica sin
moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the limitación de la humedad. El césped con una altura de 120 mm es
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. la vegetación de referencia.
Suelo nativo del sitio del proyecto según lo estipula el

a soil native to the project site, as described in Natural Resources Departamento de Servicios de Conservación de Recursos Agrícolas
Naturales (U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources
Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey Conservation Service) o un equivalente local fuera de Estados
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil Unidos) o suelo nativo no perturbado de la región del proyecto que
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing tenga una vegetación nativa, topografía y textura similar al del sitio
del proyecto. En los sitios de proyecto en los que no exista suelo,
soil, reference soils are defined as undisturbed native soils within los suelos de referencia se definen como los suelos nativos no
similar to those intended for the new project. perturbados dentro de la región del proyecto que alberguen
especies nativas de plantas adecuadas similares a las que se prevén
para el nuevo proyecto.
an item that has completed its life cycle and is prepared for reuse Elemento que ha completado su ciclo de vida y está listo para su
without substantial alteration of its form. Refurbishing involves reutilización sin que se altere sustancialmente su forma. La
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the renovación implica la actualización, reparación, restauración o
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a mejora general de la apariencia, desempeño, calidad, funcionalidad
product. o valor del producto.
an area where one or more individuals normally spend time (more Área en la que uno o más individuos suelen pasar tiempo (más de
than one hour per person per day on average) seated or standing una hora por persona y día de media) sentados o de pie mientras
as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a trabajan, estudian o llevan cabo otras tareas específicas dentro del
building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be edificio. El periodo de una hora es continuo y debe basarse en la
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces hora a la que el ocupante típico usa el espacio. Para espacios que
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based no se usen diariamente, el periodo de una hora debe basarse en el
on the time a typical occupant spends in the space when it is in tiempo que el ocupante típico para en el espacio cuando está en
use. uso

Uso regular implica acceder a un edificio. Algunos ejemplos

a frequently used means of gaining access to a building. Examples incluyen la entrada principal del edificio, al igual que cualquier otra
regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking vía de entrada al edificio vinculada a estructuras de
estacionamiento, estacionamiento subterráneo, vías subterráneas
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical o espacios exteriores. Las entradas atípicas, salidas de emergencia,
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between patios interiores, conexiones entre vestíbulos y espacios interiores
no se incluyen.
Todo consumo final del edificio que cumpla un requisito

regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive obligatorio o prescriptivo en el ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–
2010.
an item that has been repaired or adjusted and returned to Artículo que ha sido reparado o ajustado para que vuelva a estar en
remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as servicio. Se puede esperar que el desempeño de un producto
if it were new. remanufacturado sea igual al de uno nuevo.
energy sources that are not depleted by use. Examples include Fuentes de energía que no se agoten con su uso. Algunos ejemplos
son la energía solar, la eólica, la energía hidroeléctrica a pequeña
renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, escala (de bajo impacto), además de la energía geotérmica y los
sistemas de oleaje y maremotriz.
Mercancía intercambiable que representa que se ha generado una

a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity unidad de electricidad de una fuente renovable. Los créditos de
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of energía renovable se venden independientemente de la
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. electricidad en sí misma y por lo tanto permiten que un usuario de
electricidad generada convencionalmente compre energía verde.
the reemployment of materials in the same or a related capacity as Nuevo uso de materiales con una finalidad igual o similar a la de su
their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials empleo original, ampliando de este modo la vida de materiales que
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery de otra manera serían eliminados. La reutilización incluye la
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or recuperación y el nuevo uso de materiales tomados de edificios o
construction sites. Also known as salvage. construcciones existentes. También conocido como rescate.

the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that Área total de la estructura, núcleo y envolvente del edificio que
reused area existía en la situación anterior y que permanece en el diseño
existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design finalizado.
Herramienta de medición diseñada para cumplir los estrictos

required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue estándares de precisión requeridos por el código o ley. Los
revenue-grade meter medidores de servicios a menudo se denominan como "aptos para
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the determinar costos" porque su medición resulta directamente en el
customer. cargo al cliente.
a transit service in which individuals travel together in a passenger Servicio de tránsito en el que los individuos viajan juntos en un
car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include auto de pasajeros o pequeña furgoneta de al menos cuatro plazas.
human-powered conveyances, which must accommodate at least Puede incluir medios de tracción humana, que deben tener al
rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, menos dos plazas. Debe incluir una zona cerrada de asientos para
fixed route service, fixed fare structure, regular operation, and the pasajeros, un servicio de ruta fija, una estructura fija de tarifas, un
ability to pick up multiple riders. servicio regular y la capacidad de subir y bajar a múltiples viajeros.
a construction component recovered from existing buildings or Componente constructivo que se recupera de edificios existentes o
salvaged material construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include sitios de construcción y se reutiliza. Los materiales comúnmente
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and rescatados incluyen vigas y postes estructurales, pisos, puertas,
decorative items. piezas de ebanistería, ladrillos y elementos decorativos.
the authority responsible for decision making about school Autoridad responsable de la toma de decisiones relativa a las
school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. operaciones, distritos, personal, financiación y futuros desarrollos
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious de la escuela. Algunos ejemplos son las juntas escolares, los
institutions. gobiernos locales y las instituciones religiosas.
direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled Emisiones de efecto invernadero directas de fuentes que sean
Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site propiedad o estén controladas por la entidad, como las emisiones
de combustibles fósiles quemados en el sitio.

indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation Emisiones de efecto invernadero indirectas asociadas con la
Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through generación de electricidad adquirida, calefacción/refrigeración o
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption vapor fuera del sitio para el consumo de la entidad mediante un
proveedor de servicios.
the percentage of analysis points across the analysis area that Porcentaje de puntos de análisis en la superficie de análisis que
sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis cumplan o excedan el valor de 300 lux durante el menos el 50% del
period periodo de análisis.
Carga del sistema de tecnologías de la información (TI) medida en

the information technology (IT) load as measured at the point of el punto de conexión (como la toma de corriente) del dispositivo de
connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical TI a la red eléctrica. La entrada del servidor captura la carga
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT eléctrica real del dispositivo de TI excluyendo cualquier pérdida de
potencia y carga que no sea de TI (como los ventiladores montados
loads (e.g., rack-mounted fans). en los racks).
Cantidad de tiempo que se prevé que el edificio, producto o

service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly ensamblado estará operativo en relación con una evaluación del
ciclo de vida.
a place of congregation, or where occupants pursue overlapping or Lugar de congregación o aquel en el que los ocupantes realicen
shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks tareas colaborativas o que se solapen.
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space Área diseñada para ser equipada en expansiones futuras. El espacio
shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. sin acabados interiores está limitado por la envolvente del edificio,
pero se ha dejado sin finalizar.
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period Estacionamiento para bicicletas abierto usado normalmente por
of two hours or less. visitantes durante periodos no superiores a dos horas.
También conocidos como "análisis del modelo energético edificio-

(also known as “building-massing model energy analysis”) a simple masa", es un sencillo análisis energético de caso base que informa
simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to al equipo sobre la distribución del consumo de energía del edificio
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis más probable y se emplea para evaluar las posibles estrategias
energéticas del edificio. Un sistema sencillo que usa una forma
uses a basic, schematic building form. básica y esquemática del edificio.

an evaluation of an area’s aboveground and subsurface Evaluación de las características de la superficie y el subsuelo de

una zona, incluyendo las estructuras, geología e hidrología. La
characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site evaluación del sitio suele ayudar a determinar si ha habido
site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of contaminación y el alcance y la concentración de cualquier
pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated descarga de contaminantes. Las decisiones sobre remediación
dependen de la información generada durante las evaluaciones del
during site assessments. sitio.
an overall design or development concept for the project and Diseño general o concepto de desarrollo del proyecto y los edificios
associated (or potentially associated) buildings and sites. The plan y sitios asociados (o potencialmente asociados). El plan considera
site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The futuros usos sustentables, expansiones y contracciones. El plan
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if maestro del sitio suele estar ilustrado con planos del edificio (si
applicable), site drawings of planned phased development, and procede), dibujos del sitio del desarrollo por fases y descripciones
narrative descriptions. narrativas.
an area whose functions can be easily changed. For example, Área cuyas funciones pueden cambiarse fácilmente. Por ejemplo,
hospital administrative offices could be moved so that this soft las oficinas administrativas de un hospital podrían desplazarse para
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with que ese espacio flexible se convirtiera en laboratorio. Por el
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to contrario, sería difícil reubicar un laboratorio con equipo e
relocate. infraestructuras especializadas.
the elements of a landscape that consist of live, horticultural Las partes del paisajismo que consisten en elementos vivos
softscape elements hortícolas.
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- Placas solares o cualquier otro sistema de energía renovable que
solar garden/ community sea compartido por suscriptores conectados a la red que reciben
connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables créditos
renewable energy system por el consumo de renovables usando mediciones netas
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) virtuales. (Adaptado de solargardens.org).

La fracción de energía solar que refleja una superficie en una escala

the fraction of solar energy that is reflected by a surface on a scale de 0 a 1. La pintura negra tiene una reflectancia solar de 0, la
of 0 to 1. Black paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint pintura blanca (dióxido de titanio) tiene una reflectancia solar de 1.
technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric La técnica estándar para su determinación usa mediciones
solar reflectance (SR) espectrofotométricas, con una esfera integradora para determinar
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the la reflectancia en cada longitud de onda. La reflectancia media se
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then mide entonces mediante un proceso de promedio, usando un
spectrum, as documented by ASTM Standards E903 and E892. espectro solar estándar documentado en los estándares ASTM
E903 y E892.
Medida de la capacidad de la superficie construida de mantenerse

a measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the fresca bajo el sol reflejando la radiación solar y emitiendo la
defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance radiación térmica. Se define de tal modo que una superficie negra
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a estándar (reflectancia solar inicial de 0,05, emitancia térmica inicial
de 0,9) tenga un IRS inicial de 0, y una superficie estándar blanca
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a (reflectancia solar inicial de 0,8, emitancia térmica inicial de 0,9)
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance tenga un IRS inicial de 100. Para calcular el IRS de un material
concreto, obtenga su reflectancia solar y su emitancia térmica
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is mediante el estándar Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1).
based on the aged tested values of solar reflectance and thermal El IRS se calcula según el ASTM E 1980. Los cálculos del IRS
emittance. envejecido se basan en los valores probados envejecidos de
reflectancia solar y emitancia térmica.
a set of uniformity criteria that ensure consistent intelligibility and Conjunto de criterios uniformes que aseguran la inteligibilidad y
sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a direccionalidad de las frecuencias audibles para todos los
space ocupantes de un espacio.

a decrease in the amount of unnecessary material brought into a Disminución de la cantidad de material innecesario que se lleva a
source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing un edificio para producir menos residuos. Por ejemplo, comprar
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. productos con menos embalaje es una estrategia de reducción de
fuentes.
a metric describing annual sufficiency of ambient daylight levels in Métrica que describe la suficiencia de los niveles de luz natural
ambiental en entornos interiores. Se define como el porcentaje de
interior environments. It is defined as the percentage of an analysis un área de análisis (el área en la que se realizan los cálculos,
area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across típicamente en todo un espacio) que cumple con un nivel mínimo
spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the de iluminancia con luz natural durante una fracción especificada de
(sDA) las horas operativas al año (es decir, el valor de autonomía de la
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, iluminación natural valorado siguiendo a Reinhart & Walkenhorst,
2001). The illluminance level and time fraction are included as 2001). El nivel de iluminancia y la fracción de tiempo se incluyen
percentage of area. como subíndices, por ejemplo sDA300,50%. El valor sDA se expresa
como porcentaje de un área.
a condition in which speech is unintelligible to casual listeners Condición en la que el habla es ininteligible para oyentes fortuitos
speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) (ANSI T1.523–2001).
the distribution of acoustic energy as a function of frequency for Distribución de la energía acústica como una función de frecuencia
speech spectra human speech en el habla humana.
Servicio de tránsito con pequeños autos individuales para sobre

a transit service with small, individual rail cars. Spacing between vías. Las estaciones están separadas por intervalos cortos y
streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, uniformes que pueden ir desde una parada en cada manzana hasta
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). una cada 0,4 km (0,25 millas), y la velocidad suele ser de 15-50
Streetcar routes typically extend 2–5 miles (3-8 kilometers). km/h (10-30 mph). Las vías de tranvía tienden a abarcar 3-8
kilómetros (2-5 millas).
elements carrying either vertical or horizontal loads (e.g., walls, Elementos que soportan cargas verticales u horizontales (como
structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and muros, techos y pisos) considerados estructuralmente sólidos y no
nonhazardous peligrosos.

provides the information needed to understand, operate, and Ofrece la información necesaria para entender, operar y mantener
maintain the systems and assemblies within a building. It expands los sistemas y ensamblajes de un edificio. Amplía el ámbito de la
the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance documentación de operaciones y mantenimiento tradicional y se
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed compone de múltiples documentos desarrollados durante el
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project proceso de comisionamiento, como los requisitos del propietario
requirements, operation and maintenance manuals, and sequences del proyecto, los manuales de operación y mantenimiento, así
of operation. como las secuencias de operación.
an approach to hydrology in which watersheds are modeled to Enfoque de la hidrología en el que las cuencas se modelan para
calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, calcular el volumen de la escorrentía, la tasa máxima de descarga,
Technical Release (TR) 55 los hidrogramas y los volúmenes de almacenamiento, desarrollado
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA por el antiguo Servicio de Conservación del Suelo del USDA (USDA
Soil Conservation Service).
the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a specimen to that Proporción entre el flujo de calor radiante emitido por una
thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted muestra y el emitido por un radiador negro a la misma
from Cool Roof Rating Council) temperatura (adaptado del Cool Roof Rating Council).
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is Clasificación de la reflectancia solar o del índice de reflectancia
value measured after three years of weather exposure solar medido tras tres años de exposición a los elementos.
an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities Acuerdo mediante el cual los clientes pagan tarifas por servicios
time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time más altas durante periodos de mayor demanda y tarifas más bajas
periods durante periodos de menor demanda.
vehicle storage that is underground, under deck, under roof, or Estacionamiento de vehículos cubierto bajo una cubierta, un techo
undercover parking under a building o un edificio.

Electricidad suministrada por una unidad que mantiene el equipo

the electricity provided by a unit that keeps information de tecnologías de la información (TI) en funcionamiento durante un
technology (IT) equipment functioning during a power outage. UPS apagón. La salida del SAI no incluye pérdidas de eficiencia de la
output does not include efficiency losses from the unit itself but propia unidad, aunque si incluye pérdidas de componentes de
does include losses from downstream electrical distribution distribución eléctrica posteriores, como las unidades de
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include distribución eléctrica, y podría incluir dispositivos auxiliares que no
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS sean de IT y que están instalados en los racks de IT, como los
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- ventiladores. Si el sistema SAI incluye equipo que no sea de TI
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), (como aire acondicionado para la sala de computadoras,
this usage must be metered and subtracted from the UPS output manejadoras de aire para la sala de computadoras, refrigeración en
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the filas), dicho consumo debe medirse y sustraerse de la lectura de
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category potencia de la SAI. El enfoque de medición debe ser coherente con
(e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE categories 1, 2 and la medición necesaria para la categoría de eficiencia del consumo
3). de energía (ECE) (por ejemplo, una medición continua del consumo
para las categorías de ECE 1, 2 y 3).
hazardous items that are easily purchased and commonly used. Artículos peligrosos que pueden adquirirse fácilmente y usarse
universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing comúnmente. Algunos ejemplos incluyen baterías, pesticidas,
equipment, and light bulbs. See equipamiento que contenga mercurio y bombillas. Consulte
an area designed for equipment, machinery, or storage rather than Área designada para equipamiento, maquinaria o almacenamiento
en lugar de para actividades humanas. Un área de equipamiento se
unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied considera no ocupada solo si el equipamiento se saca
ocasionalmente.
a heating or cooling system or control associated with the district Sistema de calefacción, refrigeración o control asociado con el
energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or sistema de energía de distrito pero que no forma parte de la
upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal conexión térmica o interfaz del mismo. El equipamiento upstream
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution incluye la planta de conversión de energía térmica y todo el equipo
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the de transmisión y distribución asociado con el transporte de la
project building or site. energía térmica al edificio o sitio del proyecto.

the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s certification for products that Certificación del Departamento de Agricultura de Estados Unidos
(U.S. Department of Agriculture) para productos en los que al
contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) menos el 95% de los ingredientes (excluyendo agua y sal) se
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved produzcan sin químicos sintéticos, antibióticos u hormonas. El resto
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not de los ingredientes debe consistir en sustancias no agrícolas o
productos agrícolas aprobados por el USDA que no estén
commercially available in organic form. disponibles comercialmente en versión orgánica.
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that Niveles de iluminancia calculados en un punto en una superficie
occur on a vertical plane. vertical, o que sucedan en un plano vertical.
Porción de vidrio del exterior de una ventana que permite vistas al

exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the exterior o al interior. El acristalamiento con visión debe permitir
vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned una imagen clara del exterior y no puede estar obstruido por fritas,
fibras, vidrios con diseños o tintes añadidos que distorsionen el
glazing, or added tints that distort color balance. equilibrio de color.
the distance that a pedestrian must travel between origins and Distancia que tiene que recorrer un peatón entre el origen y el
destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable destino sin obstáculos, en un entorno seguro y cómodo siguiendo
environment on a continuous network of sidewalks, all weather- una red de aceras continua, senderos siempre transitables, cruces
walking distance
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. peatonales o instalaciones para peatones similares. La distancia a
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is pie debe calcularse desde una entrada que sea accesible para todos
accessible to all building users. los usuarios del edificio.
a management activity that disposes of waste through methods Actividad de gestión de elimina los desechos mediante métodos
waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and que no sean la incineración o los rellenos sanitarios. Algunos
recycling. ejemplos son la reutilización y el reciclaje.
the conversion of nonrecyclable waste materials into usable heat, Conversión de materiales de desecho no reciclables en calor
electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including utilizable, electricidad o combustible mediante una variedad de
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and procesos, incluyendo la combustión, gasificación, pirólisis, digestión
landfill gas (LFG) recovery anaeróbica y recuperación de gases de vertedero.

the surface water of a stream (first-order and higher, including Agua superficial de una corriente (de primer orden y superior,
water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or incluyendo torrentes intermitentes), arroyo, río, canal, lago,
ocean. It does not include irrigation ditches. estuario, bahía u océano. No incluye acequias de riego.
Método específico del proyecto para calcular la cantidad de agua

a project-specific method of calculating the amount of water requerida por el edificio y los terrenos asociados. El presupuesto
into account indoor, outdoor, process, and makeup water demands tiene en consideración la demanda de agua interior, exterior, de
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets procesos y reposición y todo suministro del sitio incluyendo las
precipitaciones estimadas. Los presupuestos de agua deben
week, month, or year and a quantity of water such as kGal, or liters. asociarse a una cantidad de tiempo concreta, como una semana,
mes o año, y una cantidad da agua, como miles de galones o litros.
a device installed inside a water pipe to record the volume of Dispositivo instalado dentro de una tubería de agua para registrar
wet meter passing water el volumen de agua que fluye.
Zona que tiende a inundarse o saturarse de agua superficial o

an area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water subterránea con una frecuencia o durante un tiempo suficiente
normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation para albergar, y que en situaciones normales alberga,
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands principalmente vegetación típicamente adaptada a la vida en
condiciones de saturación del suelo. Se entienden normalmente
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent por humedales los pantanos, ciénagas, lodazales y áreas similares;
wetland. y no suelen considerarse las acequias de riego, a no ser que se
hayan trazado como parte de un humedal adyacente.
plant-based materials that are eligible for certification under the Materiales vegetales que pueden considerarse para certificación
wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm bajo el Forest Stewardship Council. Algunos ejemplos son el bambú
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods y la palma (monocotiledóneas), además de las maderas duras
(gymnosperms) (angiospermas) y blandas (gimnospermas).
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation Paisajismo que no requiere riego rutinario.

a vehicle used primarily to facilitate the movement of truck trailers Vehículo usado principalmente para facilitar el movimiento de
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as camiones y otros tipos de contenedores de gran tamaño de una
zona del sitio a otra. No incluye carretillas elevadoras. También
terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig, yard goat, or yard conocido como camión de terminal o camión de patio.
hustler.
zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with Parcela cuya huella suele coincidir o casi coincide con los límites
the site limits del sitio.

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Chinese)

abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just 废弃物业

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do 适应性植物

added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than 抗菌处理添加剂

adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of 相连场址
calculation.


alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and
(ADC) 每日覆盖替代材料 (ADC)
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and 替代燃料
ethanol

alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, 替代性水资源
systems (IgCC).

(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance 年阳光照射度 (ASE)

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar 附属构件
energy panels.

ASE1000,250 exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed ASE1000,250

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a

product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) 组合材料
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school
students attend based on where they live 学生活动边界

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– 平均 LED 密度 (ALI)
2007

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., 基本建筑
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for
performance comparison with above-standard design 建筑性能基线
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer 场址基本状况
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code-

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared 用水量基线

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable 设计基础要求 (BOD)


bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters)
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle 自行车道网络
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. 自行车骑行距离

bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, 生物基材料

blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the 污水

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of 排放
dissolved solids

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a 褐地


BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former BUG 评级
cutoff ratings.

buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way 可建造土地

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant 建筑外构造
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane 建筑室内

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the 公车快速/专用通道

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere 碳补偿

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of 监管链 (CoC)


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, 专家研讨会

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause 氯氟化碳 (CFC) 型冷媒

civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the 民用曙暮光

classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ 教室或核心学习空间
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and

demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. 清洁废弃物
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. 透明玻璃


closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use 闭环冷却

color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting 显色指数
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option 组合炉排水

combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. 热电联合
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as 混合废弃物

commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project 调试 (Cx)
requirements


commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to
(CxA) 调试机构 (CxA)

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for 导电率
standardization.

nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly
conventional irrigation
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler 常规浇灌
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because

cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower 冷却塔排放
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation.

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution 摇篮到大门评估

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or 文化景观
current facilities the implementation of the owner’s project requirements,

developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and 现有设备要求 (CFR)
requirements (CFR) requirements


dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or 专用存储区

demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower 需求响应 (DR)

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid-
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a 需求响应 (DR) 事件
curtailment event.

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment,
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from 灵活隔断
being used
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per

densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) 人员密集使用空间


density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. 密度

departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space 部门总面积 (DGA)

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces 开发占地

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be 差异耐久性

direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public 直接入口

direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no 直射日光


distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It 区域能源系统 (DES)
does not include central energy systems that provide only
electricity.

diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a 多样化业态

downstream equipment transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES)
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes 下游设备

durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and 耐久产品

they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful
durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable 耐久产品废弃流
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods


electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering 电动车供电设备

electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators,
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and 废弃电器

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent 纯汞
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is
always off during normal building operation 应急照明
a nonresidential area of at least 5 acres (2 hectares) with a job

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 就业中心

enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated 围护结构


energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager 能源服务供应商
or a similar tool

engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, 工程纳米材料

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– 产品环境声明
declaration
2007

evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the 蒸散
water vapor.

responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely 生产商延展责任

extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in 粗放型种植屋面

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on 外部水表
meter.

For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters)
floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet 容积率 (FAR)
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for 基础排水
irrigation.


freight village support services. Such support services may include security, 物流园

functional entry during regular business hours. It does not include any door
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not 功能入口

furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as 家具和陈设


grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a 每制动马力小时克数
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period

graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and 灰水

green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture 绿色基础设施

green power a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity

produced from renewable energy sources 绿色电力

green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle 绿色汽车
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and

could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology 未开发荒地

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, 硬景观

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, 有害物质

heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle 热岛效应

highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles,
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects 高速公路
cities and towns.


historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review 历史建筑

historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or 历史街区

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically 同质材料
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs 水电区


illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area:
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square 照度

impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved 非渗透表面
an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should 个人使用空间
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or 工业工艺用水

infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not 嵌入式场地


infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure 渗入

infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, 红外线（或热）发射度
an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty,

inpatient
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours 住院病人
inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit

where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours 住院病房

integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking 内置标签
manufacture.

integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns
management 综合害虫管理


integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize 整合式工程交付

intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important 密集种植屋面

interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, 室内楼地板面层

interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish
finish 内墙和吊顶面层


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation 联合运输设施

invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. 入侵植物

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage IT 年能耗

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also 灯

lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. 灯寿命


land trust actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of 土地信托
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation).

land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are 土地清理碎片和土壤
considered construction waste even if they were on site.
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month 景观用水要求 (LWR)

lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, 无铅

least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- 最低危害杀虫剂
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an
admitted patient 住院时长
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from

cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 生命周期评估


life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The 生命周期清单

light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly 光污染
consumes energy.

light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating 轻轨

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause 光侵扰

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such 切负荷
long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow 长效自行车存放

low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility 低成本改进


(LID)
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, 低冲击开发 (LID)
minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- 补充水

natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and 场址内雨水管理
capture and reuse.
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary 总平面图边界

mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a 平均流明输出


medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and 医疗陈设
overbed tables.

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory 定量调节器
faucets and showers

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone 混合纸
books, and photos

modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building 模块化（可移动）台柜
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a 安装高度
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management 可移动家具和隔断
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores,

multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some 多租户综合体
services and common areas.


NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors NAED 代码

native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these 本地植物

natural refrigerant substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples 天然制冷剂
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil 自然资源保护局 (NRCS)
Conservation Service (NRCS) types
soils delineation
and special soil features on the site 土壤描绘

movement, and balance 自然场址水文
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building 净可用计划区域

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or

non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals 非住院病人区域
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards 非饮用水

non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used 非常规使用空间
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human
waste via microbiological processes 无水马桶系统

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer 无水小便器
gas and odors

occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system 住户控制装置

occupiable space spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only 可使用空间


occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied 使用空间
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as 持续消耗品
ongoing purchases.
on-site wastewater the transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of wastewater

treatment generated on the project site 场址内污水处理

more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered 开放链式铺装系统

operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and 运营和维护计划

ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a 景观照明


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis 门诊病人
or treatment

owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the 业主项目要求 (OPR)
project
a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location

patient position
where a patient receives clinical care 病人位置

peak demand period of time 峰值需求

peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- 峰值用水月份

permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or 永久室内阻碍
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive 永久性峰值负载转移
permeable pavement a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the
ground 可渗透铺装


persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, 永久性生物累积毒素
and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these
toxic chemical substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems (PBT)

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green 疗养区
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to

plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. 插座负荷

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can 消费后回收物质含量
content

potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local 饮用水


power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row 配电装置输出
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power;
effectiveness (PUE)
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment 电力使用有效性 (PUE)
rather than for cooling and other overhead
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications 电动地板维护设备

preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap 消费前回收物质含量
content.


preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the 优先车位

premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15
years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially 过早废弃

previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or 先前已开发
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously

previously developed site developed land 先前已开发场址


prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation
Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly 基本农田

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water 私有水表

process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food 工艺用能
(ASHRAE)
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release
load of process energy (ASHRAE) 工艺负荷或非常规负荷

process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes 工艺用水


product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and 产品（永久安装的建筑产
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently 品）

public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service 公共供水 (PWS)

rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance 雨水收集

raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g.,
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, 原材料
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse 再生水

recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II 回收物质含量

reference the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no
moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the 参考蒸散率
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation.

project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing 参考土壤
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the 翻新材料
product.

building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces 常用空间
use.


regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical 常用外部入口
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 调节负载

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as 再制造产品
if it were new.

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, 可再生能源
a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity

(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of 可再生能源认证 (REC)
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity.

reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery 再利用

reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design 再利用面积

revenue-grade meter required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the 收费等级表
customer.

rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, 共乘

construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include
salvaged material
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and 废旧利用材料
decorative items.

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development.
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious 学校当局
institutions.

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site 第 1 范围排放


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through 第 2 范围排放

period

server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the 服务器输入
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment 使用寿命
a place of congregation, or where occupants pursue overlapping or

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks 共享多住户空间

shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. 壳体空间
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period
of two hours or less. 短时自行车存放

simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to
analysis 简单箱体能源模拟分析
evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis


site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of 场址评估

site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if 场址总平面图

soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with 软空间
relocate.

softscape elements 软景观
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid-

solar garden/ community
renewable energy system connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables 太阳能花园/社区可再生能
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) 源系统


technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric
solar reflectance (SR)
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the 太阳能反射 (SR)

solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a 太阳能反射指数 (SRI)
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a 音量覆盖范围
space


source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing 减少资源消耗

spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the
(sDA) 空间日照自足指数 (sDA)
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) 话语私密性

speech spectra human speech 语谱

streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile,
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). 有轨电车

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and 建筑结构
nonhazardous


systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed 系统手册
of operation.

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, Technical Release (TR)
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA 55

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted 热发射率
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is
value measured after three years of weather exposure 三年期 SR 或 SRI 值

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time 按时段计价
periods

undercover parking under a building 非露天停车场


uninterruptible power
supply (UPS) output
system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- 不间断电源 (UPS) 输出
conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers),
3).

universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing
equipment, and light bulbs. See 常见废弃物

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied 非人员使用空间

upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution 上游设备


USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved USDA 有机认证
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that

occur on a vertical plane. 垂直照度

vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned 视野眩光

walking distance 步行距离

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and 废弃物转化
recycling.

waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and 从废物到能量


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or 水体

water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets 用水预算

wet meter passing water 水表

wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands 湿地
wetland.

wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods 木材
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation 旱生园艺


yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as 堆置场牵引车
hustler.
a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with

zero lot line project
the site limits 零红线项目

Term (English) Definition (English) Chinese Definition

it up, or use it. One may have abandoned the property of contract 有意和永久遗留下的财产，且之前的业主似乎并不准备回来
rights by not doing what is required by the contract. However, an 认领或使用之。未履行合同要求可视为放弃合同财产（物业
abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just ）的权益。但是，地役权和其他土地权益不能只因为未使用
because of nonuse. Abandoned land is defined as land not being 而视为废弃财产（物业）。废弃土地被定义为目前未使用的
used at the present time but that may have utilities and 土地，但可能有现成的公用设施和基础设施。

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do 不是特定区域原生的植物，但拥有可以让其在该区域生存的
not pose the same problems as invasive species. 特性。适应性植物不会带来与入侵物种一样的问题。

inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Some products, such as 添加到产品（如，油漆、地板）中以杀死或抑制微生物生长
linoleum, exhibit natural antimicrobial properties. Despite current 的物质。某些产品，如油毡，具有天然的抗菌特性。尽管目
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments 前有所实践，科学尚未证明抗菌处理能比标准清洁程序更有效
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than 地减少建筑饰面中细菌的感染传播。也被称为微生物添加剂
standard cleaning procedures. Also known as added microbial 。参见美国环保局事实表《经杀虫剂处理的消费类产品》
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with (www.epa.gov/pesticides factsheets/treatart.htm)。

parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider 至少有 25% 的连续边界与先前已开发场址地块接壤的场址。
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of 仅考虑不干扰道路用地的接壤地块。计算中不考虑任何与水
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the 体接壤的边界部分。
calculation.

material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the 土质材料除外的一种材料，每个运营日结束时，放在城市固
alternative daily cover
active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each 体废物填埋场作用面的表面，用于控制病菌、火灾、气味，防
(ADC) operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and 止垃圾被吹飞，以及防止人员捡拾垃圾堆里的东西。一般来说
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they 这些材料必须经过处理，这样才不会在裸露的垃圾填埋场表面
do not allow gaps in the exposed landfill face. (CalRecycle) 留下空隙。(CalRecycle)

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and 低污染非汽油燃料，如电力、氢气、丙烷、压缩天然气、液
ethanol 化天然气、甲醇及乙醇

sources, and subsurface natural freshwater sources. Examples 除来自公共设施、场址内地表水源和地下天然淡水水源以外
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, 的非饮用水，包括灰水、场址内再生水、收集的雨水、收集
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis 的冷凝水，以及反渗透系统 (IgCC) 的工艺废水。
systems (IgCC).

annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an 一种描述室内工作环境潜在视觉不适程度的指标。被定义为
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance 分析区域中超出指定阳光直射照明等级的时间超过指定小时数
level more than a specified number of hours per year. 的面积百分比。

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar 屋面系统内置的非结构部分。包括天窗、通风装置、机械设
energy panels. 备、隔断和太阳能板。

maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be 使用最大 2 英尺的点间距，考虑将相同的 10 小时/天分析
ASE1000,250 exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250 期作为 sDA，并使用可比的模拟方法，报告分析区域中在安装
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed 活动窗帘或遮阳设备以阻挡阳光之前，每年暴露在超过 1000
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period 勒克斯直射阳光下超过 250 小时的传感器的百分比

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a 由多种材料组成的产品（例如，混凝土），或者由子部件组

product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) 成的产品（如工作站）
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school 教育局用来根据学生居住的地方来确定学生上哪所学校的边
students attend based on where they live 界

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– 发光二极管灯的照明输出，由国际照明委员会标准 127–
2007 2007 指定

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., 组成建筑的，或者永久性和半永久性安装在项目中的材料和
flooring, casework, wall coverings) 产品（如地板、箱柜、墙面）
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for 建筑设计的年能源成本，用于与高于标准要求的设计进行比
performance comparison with above-standard design 较的基线
any development or disturbance took place. Baseline conditions 在 LEED 项目开始之前，但是不一定要在开发或施工开始之
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer 前。场址基本状况描述了在开发商通过购买或购买选择权获
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase 得大部分可建土地的权利那天项目场址的状态。

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared 与项目设计或实际水表数相比，在采用符合规范且此外不会
with the design case or actual water meter data 节省更多用水的设备及配件时，对建筑用水量的计算预测

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental 完成业主项目任务书所需的信息，包括系统介绍、室内环境
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable 质量条件、设计假设和对适用条例、标准、规范和指南的参考


following 1) off street bicycle paths or trails at least 8 feet (2.5 由以下任意组合构成的连续网络 1) 街道外的自行车道或小
bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) 径，双车道至少 8 英尺（2.5 米）宽，单车道至少 5 英尺（
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle 1.5 米）宽 2) 在街道上实际指定的至少 5 英尺（1.5 米）
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a 宽的自行车道 3) 设计速度为 25 mph (40 km/h) 的街道
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and 骑自行车的人必须在起点和终点之间骑行的距离，整个骑行
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. 过程都必须在自行车道网络中进行。

are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological 完全或大部分由生物制品、可再生农业材料（包括植物、动
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, 物和海洋生物）或林业材料构成的商业或工业产品（食品或饲
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of 料除外）。就 LEED 而言，这不包括皮革和其他动物皮。

discharged to the sanitary drainage system of the building or 含有尿或粪便，且应被排放到符合国际管道规范的建筑或住
premises in accordance with the International Plumbing Code. 房卫生排水系统的废水。根据某些州或地方法规，厨房水槽
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the （有时会根据垃圾处理的使用情况进行区分）、淋浴或浴缸废
use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered 水被视为污水。

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of 从冷却塔或蒸发式冷凝器循环系统中去除补给水以降低溶解
dissolved solids 固体的浓度

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a 因含有或可能含有危害性物质、污染物或致污物而使得扩大
hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. 、再开发或再利用变得复杂的不动产。


of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA 一种光源分级系统，按照背光源 (B)、向上照射的灯 (U) 和
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former 眩光 (G) 对光源进行分级（依据 IES/IDA 照明条例范本）。
cutoff ratings. BUG 评级取代之前的截光评级。

land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in 可以进行建造的场址部分，包括自愿预留和未建造的土地。
buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way 在密度计算中使用时，可建造土地不包括公共道路用地和现行
and land excluded from development by codified law. 法律禁止开发的土地。

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant 建筑的主要和辅助防水系统，包括防水膜以及密封和防水阻
barrier materials, and all building elements outside that system 隔材料，以及该系统外的所有建筑构件
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane 建筑防水/防潮层以内的所有构件
an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or 经过改善的公车系统，只在公车专用车道或其他公交道路用

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the 地上运营。该系统旨在将公车的灵活性与轨道的效率相结合
flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail. 。

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere 为补偿其他地点的碳排放而减少、避免或隔离的二氧化碳当
(World Resources Institute) 量单位（世界资源研究所）

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of 用于跟踪产品的程序，从收获或萃取到其最终用途，包括加
processing, transformation, manufacturing, and distribution 工、转化、制造及分销这几个连续的阶段


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, 深入细致的多方研讨会，将不同学科和背景的人聚集到一起
generate, and collaboratively produce design options 来探索、形成和共同制定设计方案

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher 一种含有氯氟化碳的液体，在低温条件下从储液器中吸热并
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause 在高温条件下散热。排放到大气中以后，CFC 会消耗平流层
depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. 的臭氧层。

the center of the sun is geometrically 6 degrees below the horizon. 早上（黎明）或晚上（黄昏）太阳中心线在地平线以下 6 度
civil twilight
Under good weather conditions, civil twilight is the best time to 的时间。在天气良好的情况下，民用曙暮光是明确区分地面
distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the 物体的最佳时间。早上在民用曙暮光之前，以及晚上在民用
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination 曙暮光之后，一般来说都需要人工照明以进行普通户外活动。

classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and 定期占用并用于教育活动的空间。在这种空间里，主要功能
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ 就是教学，良好的语言沟通对学生的学术成就至关重要。（
academic achievement. (Adapted from ANSI S12.60) 引自 NSI S12.60）
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and 建造与拆除后遗留的非有害物质。清洁废弃物不包括铅和石
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. 棉。
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the 透明且用作窗户时视野良好的玻璃。散射玻璃只能进行自然
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. 采光。


medical equipment by recirculating water. Because the water is 使用循环水并作为排热建筑和医疗设备散热器的系统。由于
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use 水密封在系统中，某些闭环冷却系统使用非饮用水（如从空气
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from 处理装置的冷却盘管冷凝器回收的工艺用水）。

displays hues. The higher the index number, the more accurately 一种从 0 到 100 的指标，表示人造光源相比白炽灯在显示
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color 色调方面的准确性。指数越大，灯呈现的颜色就越准确。白
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting 炽灯照明的显色指数高于 95；标准高压钠灯照明（如橙色色
(such as orange-hued roadway lights) measures approximately 25; 调的巷道灯）指数大约为 25；很多使用稀土荧光粉的荧光灯
many fluorescent sources using rare earth phosphors have a color 光源的显色指数为 80 或更高。（引自美国能源之星
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY (ENERGY STAR)）
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option 包括蒸汽循环或选件的炉子中排出的水

generated by a single fuel source in the production of electrical 一种综合系统，收集发电过程中未使用的、由单一燃料来源
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. 产生的热量。也被称为热电联产。（引自美国环保局
Environmental Protection Agency) (EPA)）
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as 建筑废弃物流在项目场址中混合并运走，之后再分拣成可回
single-stream recycling. 收的废物流。也被称为单流回收。

its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, 检验与记录一幢建筑及其所有系统与组件如何在规划、设计
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project 、安装、测试、操作及维护上满足业主项目要求的过程
requirements


completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates 负责组织、领导和审查调试过程活动是否完成的机构。 CxA
(CxA) 有助于业主、设计人员和承建商之间的沟通，可以确保根据业
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in 主项目任务书安装和运行复杂系统。

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is 利用电流在水中传导的能力，对水中溶解固体的浓度水平进
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for 行测量的指标。由于其受温度的影响，为了标准起见，将在
standardization. 25°C 时测量导电率。

conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly 某地区最常见的通过非自然方式为植物供水的系统。传统的
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler 灌溉系统通常使用压力供水，并通过洒水喷头浇洒地面。

cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower 从冷却塔中排放水，一般是由于盐度或碱度越来越高，导致
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. 结垢。冷却塔排放的水盐度过高，无法在景观灌溉中使用。
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction 对产品部分生命周期的评估，从资源采集（摇篮）到工厂大

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution 门（发运经销和销售之前）。其省略了产品的使用和废弃处
and sale). It omits the use and the disposal phases of the product. 理阶段。

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or 一个官方指定的地理区域，包括与历史事件、活动或人物相
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values 关，或者展现出其他重要的文化或审美价值的文化和自然资源

developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and 业主项目要求的实施，经过制定以确认业主的当前运行需求
requirements (CFR) requirements 和要求


recyclable waste. Signage often indicates the type of recyclable 建筑空间或中央设施中的一个专用区域，针对具体任务（如
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based 收集可回收废弃物）确定其大小并加以分配。标牌往往指示
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or 存放在这里的可回收废弃物的类型。某些废弃物流，如含汞
batteries, may require particular handling or disposal methods. 灯、敏感的纸质文件、生物医疗废弃物或电池，可能需要特别
Consult the municipality’s safe storage and disposal procedures or 的操作和处理方法。请参考市政当局的安全存放和处理程序
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ，或使用美国环保局网站 www.epa.gov 上张贴的指南。

normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of 需求侧资源为响应电价变化或设计用于在市场批发价较高或
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower 者系统可靠性受影响时降低用电量的奖励而作出的与正常消耗
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when 模式不同的用电量变更

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- 公用设施或独立服务提供商呼吁计划参与者改变电网电力使
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a 用模式或使用量的一段指定时间。也被称为限电事件。
curtailment event.

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, 可以轻松重新配置的临时内墙。在注重声学效果的拥有嵌入
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from 式设备的卫生保健设施中（如手术套房），可能会禁止使用灵
being used 活隔断
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per 设计使用密度为每 1000 平方英尺 25 人或以上的区域（人
densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) 均 93 平方米）


parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for 地块上的建筑总面积或居住单元相对于该地块可建造土地面
density
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. 积的比值。测量密度的单位会因得分点要求而有所不同。不
Does not include structured parking. 包括结构性停车场。

departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating – 临床部门诊断和治疗设施的建筑面积，从分隔部门与相邻
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space 空间的墙壁中心线开始计算。部门内的墙壁和交通空间将包
within the department are included in the calculation. This 括在计算中。该计算不包括住院病房。

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces 项目场址（包括作为项目一部分开发的建筑、街道、停车场
constructed as part of the project 以及其他常规不渗透的表面）的总占地面积

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be 使用寿命不同的两种材料组成一个完整组件的一种状态。如
separated and replaced, the entire product must be thrown away. 果一种材料磨损且无法分离或更换，整个产品必须抛弃。

pass through another patient’s room, dedicated staff space, service 一种进入空间的方法，无需离开当前楼面或穿过其他患者的
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public 房间、员工专用空间、服务或公用设施空间，或者主要的公共
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day 空间。患者和公共交通走廊、共同的休息区以及等待和日间
space may be part of a direct access route. 区域都可以是直接入口路线的一部分。

beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular 室内测得 1,000 勒克斯或更多的直射日光量，计入窗户透光
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no 率和角度影响，不包括任何活动窗帘的影响，也不包括反射光
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and （即，零反射分析）和散射天空元素的影响（引自 IES）


distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of 一种中央能源转换站以及传送和分配系统，为一组建筑提供
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It 热能（如，大学校园中的中央供冷站）。不包括仅提供电力
does not include central energy systems that provide only 的中央能源系统。
electricity.

intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated 提供旨在满足日常所需的商品或服务的不同企业或组织，公开
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a 可用。不包括ATM、或自动贩卖机等自动化设施。如需完整列
full list, see the Appendix. 表，请参阅附录

in the project building or on the project site and associated with 项目建筑或项目场址中的加热和冷却系统、设备和控制装置，
transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) 与将区域能源系统 (DES) 的热能输送到加热和制冷空间有关
downstream equipment
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes 。下游设备包括与 DES 之间的热连接或接口、建筑中的辅助
the thermal connection or interface with the DES, secondary 分配系统和终端设备、由穿过系统的气流从冷却塔或蒸发式冷
distribution systems in the building, and terminal units. 凝器带来的漂流水滴。

that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office 使用寿命大约为 2 到 3 年且不频繁更换的产品。包括家具
durable goods 、办公设备、家用电器、外部电源适配器、电视机，以及视听
audiovisual equipment. 设备。

they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful 来自项目建筑的已完全折旧且已达到正常业务运营使用寿命
durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable 的耐久产品流。包括出租并还给所有者的耐久产品，但不包
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods 括仍可使用且转移到其他楼层或建筑的耐久产品。


equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors, 包括不接地、接地和设备接地导体在内的导体、电动车连接
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or 器、连接插头和其他所有配件、设备、电源插座或专门为了从
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering 楼宇电缆向电动车提供电力的用具。（国家电气规范和加利
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National 福尼亚州 625 条款）

printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, 丢弃的办公设备（计算机、显示器、复印机、打印机、扫描
electronic waste 仪、传真机）、家用电器（冰箱、洗碗机、饮水机）、外部电
televisions and other audiovisual equipment 源适配器、电视和其他视听设备

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent 最纯形态的汞（而不是含汞化合物），其蒸气通常用于荧光
and other bulb types 灯和其他类型的灯泡
always off during normal building operation 仅在紧急情况下工作的光源，在常规建筑运营期间始终关闭

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 至少 5 英亩（2 公顷）的非居住区，就业密度至少为每净英
employees per hectare net) 亩 50 名员工（每净公顷至少 125 名员工）

spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior 建筑外部和半外部结构。外部包括将有空调的空间与外部相
consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned 隔离的建筑元素（例如，墙体组件）。半外部包括将有空调
enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated 的空间与无空调的空间相隔离的建筑元素，或者封闭半加热空
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from 间的建筑元素，热能可以通过该空间与外部、有空调的空间或
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic, 无空调的空间（如，阁楼、爬行空隙、地下室）进行传递。


energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building 可以让外部实体，如 USGBC 访问建筑管理团队使用能源之星
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager 数据管理器或类似工具维护的水和能源使用信息的机构
or a similar tool

of its small size, it has novel properties generally not seen in its 在分子（纳米）水平上设计的物质。由于尺寸很小，因此具
conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National 有其大部分传统竞争对手一般不具有的新颖特性。参见澳大
engineered nanomaterial
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, 利亚国家工业化学品通报和评估计
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio 划，nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/gene
n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf. ral_information_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf。

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– 声明该物品符合 ISO 14021–1999、ISO 14025–2006 和 EN
declaration
2007 15804 或 ISO 21930–2007 的环保要求

atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant 进入大气的蒸发和植物蒸腾之和。蒸发是指土壤、植物表面
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the 或水体的液体变为蒸气。蒸腾是指水通过植物转移以及随后
movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of 以水蒸气形式散失。
water vapor.

and sometimes other manufacturers’ products as postconsumer 产品制造商采取的措施，以许诺其自己的、有时还包括其他
waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and 制造商的产品在产品使用寿命结束后将成为消费后废弃物。
extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To 生产商将回收材料以用于相同类型的新产品。为了符合得分
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely 点要求，必须广泛采用某种方案。对于地毯，扩大生产商责
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be 任必须与 NSF/ANSI 140–2007 保持一致。也被称为闭环程序
consistent with NSF/ANSI 140–2007. Also known as closed-loop 或产品收回。

general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof 覆满植物且一般并不被设计为可随便出入的屋面。通常，粗
that requires little maintenance once established. The planting 放型系统是坚固耐用的种植屋面，建造好之后几乎不需维护。
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in 粗放型种植屋面中的种植介质厚度从 1 到 6 英寸。（引自
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the 美国环保局 (EPA)）外壳种植表面面积，项目场址中植被总面
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated 积，包括种植屋面和草皮

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on 安装在水管外部以记录通过的水量的设备。也被称为钳型表
meter. 。

measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by 非居住用地的密度，不包括停车场，计算方法为非居住建筑
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures. 总面积除以用于非居住结构的可建用地总面积。例如，在有
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) 10000 平方英尺（930 平方米）可建用地面积的场址内，FAR
floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet 为 1.0 则表示有 10000 平方英尺（930 平方米）的建筑面积
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an 。在相同的场址中，FAR 为 1.5 则表示有 15000 平方英尺
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an （1395 平方米），FAR 为 2.0 则表示有 20000 平方英尺
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and （1860 平方米），FAR 为 0.5 则表示有 5000 平方英尺
an FAR of 0.5 would be 5,000 square feet (465 square meters). （465 平方米）的建筑面积。

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be 从地下排水系统排出的水。如果建筑地基低于地下水位，则
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for 可能需要使用集水坑泵。从水坑排出的水可以储存起来并用
irrigation. 于灌溉。


integrated distribution, warehousing capabilities, showrooms, and 一群包括联运转移业务的货运相关企业。物流园可提供物流
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, 服务、集成配送、仓储能力、展示厅和支持服务。这些支持服
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management 务可包括安保、维护、邮递、银行、海关和进口管理协助、食
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms, 堂、餐厅、办公场所、会议室、酒店、公共或活动中心运输。

during regular business hours. It does not include any door 设计由行人使用且在正常营业时间开放的建筑开口。不包括
functional entry
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not 任何专门设计作为紧急出口的门，或者并没有被设计为行人入
designed as a pedestrian entrance. 口的车库门。

workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas, 为项目购买的独立家具，包括独立和多人座椅；开放式和私
bookshelves, filing cabinets, and other case goods; wall-mounted 人办公室工位；书桌和桌子；存储装置、餐具橱、书架、档案
visual-display products (e.g., marker boards and tack boards, 柜和其他箱柜；壁装式视觉显示产品（如，标志板和布告板，
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as 不包括电子显示器）；以及其他陈设，如画架、手推车、独立
easels, mobile carts, freestanding screens, installed fabrics, and 展架、安装的织物和灵活隔断。根据项目需要，还可包括酒
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to 店家具。不包括办公配件，如桌面吸墨纸、托盘、磁带分配
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape 器、废物篮和所有电器产品，例如照明设备和小器具。


grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a 用于描述具有特定马力的引擎在一小时内排放的排放物（如
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period ，氮氧化物或颗粒物质）克数指标

washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from “尚未接触厕卫垃圾的未经处理的生活废水。灰水包括浴缸
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix 、淋浴间与浴室面盆洗涤用水以及洗衣机与洗衣池用水，但
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water 不包括厨房水槽或洗碗机废水。”（统一给排水规范附录 G，
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and 独户住宅灰水系统）；“卫生间、浴缸、淋浴间、洗衣机和洗
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray 衣水槽排放的废水”（国际给排水规范附录 C，灰水回收系统
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow ）。某些州和地方当局还将厨房水槽废水纳入灰水范畴。州
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other 与地方法规中可能存在其它差异。项目团队应遵循项目所在
differences can likely be found in state and local codes. Project 地区的管辖当局确定的灰水定义。

management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and 一种基于土壤和植被的潮湿天气管理方法，具有成本效益、
green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management 可持续性和环保性。绿色基础设施管理方法和技术包括渗透
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture 、蒸腾、收集和重复利用雨水，以保持或恢复自然水文状况。
and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies. （引自美国环保局 (EPA)）


produced from renewable energy sources 一部分由可再生能量资源产生的电网电力组成的可再生能源
vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American 在美国节能经济委员会 (ACEEE) 的年度车辆等级指南（对于
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle 美国以外的项目，可以是当地的同等标准）中至少能得到 45
rating guide (or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.). 分绿色分数的车辆。
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and 之前未开发、分级或受到干扰，并且可作空地、栖息地或自
could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology 然水文用途的区域
the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes 建筑景观中无生命的元素。包括铺过的路面、道路、石墙、

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, 木材和合成地板、混凝土路径和人行道、混凝土、砖，以及瓷
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. 砖铺砌的庭院。

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, 自身或通过与其他因素相互作用有可能对人类、动物或环境
either by itself or through interaction with other factors 有害的任何物品或媒介（生物、化学、物理）

pavement and buildings, and its subsequent radiation to 硬景观（如黑色非反射路面与建筑）对热量的吸收及其对周
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle 边地区的辐射。其他促成因素还可能包括汽车尾气、空调和
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and 街道设备。高层建筑与狭窄街道减少了气流并加剧了这一效
narrow streets reduce airflow and exacerbate the effect. 应。

highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, 用于汽车的运输专用通道，只有有限的出入口，禁止人力车
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects ，比地方道路速度更快。高速公路一般连接城市与城镇。
cities and towns.


be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing 具有历史、建筑、工程、考古或文化意义的建筑或结构，列
building or structure in a designated historic district. The historic 为或被认为有资格作为历史结构或建筑，或者在指定的历史街
historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review 区中作为有影响的建筑或结构。 “历史”称谓必须由当地历
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state 史保护审查委员会或类似机构给出，结构必须列在州史迹名录
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of 、国家史迹名录（在美国以外符合当地同等标准），或者被认
Historic Places (or a local equivalent outside the U.S.), or have been 为有资格列在上述名录中。

historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and 被认为或者确定有资格具有历史和建筑重要意义的一组建筑
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or 、结构、物体和场址，无论对该地区的历史本质是否有影响

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically 只包括一种材料或者包括无法以机械方式分离的多种材料组
disjointed, excluding surface coatings 合的物品，表面涂层除外
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs 具有类似水需求的一组植物


surface located at a point and oriented in a particular direction, 位于某点且朝向特定方向的表面差异元素上的入射光通量密
expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is 度，以每单位面积的流明来表示。由于涉及区域有差异，习
differential, it is customary to refer to this as illuminance at a point. 惯性地将其称为某点的照度。单位名称取决于区域测量单位
illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: ：如果使用平方英尺作为面积单位，则为尺烛光；如果使用
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square 平方米，则为勒克斯。（引自 IES）在专业术语中，照度是
meters are used. (Adapted from IES) In lay terms, illuminance is a 对投射到表面的光量的测量。其在美国表示为尺烛光（基于
measurement of light striking a surface. It is expressed in 平方英尺），在大多数其他国家表示为勒克斯（基于平方米）
footcandles in the U.S. (based on square feet) and in lux in most 。

such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through 经开发和建筑改造过的一块区域，致使降水无法通过土壤向
impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved 下渗透。非渗透表面的例子包括屋面、铺设的道路和停车场
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been 、人行道以及因设计或使用而变得坚实的土壤。

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should 住户执行各自不同任务的区域。个人使用空间可能位于多住
be treated separately where possible. 户空间中，应尽可能区别对待。
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or 从工厂排出的任何水。在这种水可用于灌溉之前，需要检查
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation. 其质量。盐水或腐蚀性的水不得用于灌溉。

way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is 项目边界 1/2 英里（800 米）之内至少 75% 的土地面积（
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not 不包括道路用地）是之前已被开发过的场址。街道或其他道
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on 路用地不构成之前已开发的土地；重要的是道路用地或街道另
the other side of right-of-way or the street that matters. 一侧物业的状态。


through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from (HVAC) 空气从无空调的空间或室外因压力差（此压力差同样
infiltration
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure 会导致渗出）而不受控制地通过天花板、地板和墙壁上的非人
differences that induce exfiltration. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) 为开口向内泄漏到有空调的空间。 (ASHRAE 62.1-2010)

ability of a material to shed infrared radiation (heat). A cool roof 介于 0 和 1（或 0％和 100％）之间的一个值，表示一种
should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for 材料散发红外线辐射（热量）的能力。凉爽的屋面应该具有
radiant energy is roughly 5 to 40 micrometers. Most building 较高的热发射度。辐射能量的波长范围大体上是 5 至 40 微
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum 米。大多数建筑材料（包括玻璃）在这个光谱区段内是不透
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, 明的，发射度大约为 0.9，或 90%。干净的裸金属，如未失
such as untarnished galvanized steel, have a low emittance and are 去光泽的镀锌钢，发射度较低，是发射度不为 0.9 的最主要
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast, 情况。相比之下，铝屋面涂层具有中等发射度。（引自
aluminum roof coatings have intermediate emittance levels. Lawrence Berkeley 国家试验室）
inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, 住到医疗、外科、产科、专业或重症监护病房并停留超过 23

or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours 小时的人
inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit 任何让患者接受护理超过 23 小时的医疗、外科、产科、专
where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours 业或重症监护病房

For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency 无法轻易删除的信息传达系统。对于家具来说，这种标签可
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking 包括有关材料产地、属性和生产日期的射频识别、雕刻、压花
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of ，或其他包含信息的永久性标记。
manufacture.

integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns 一种虫害治理方法，可保护人类健康和周围环境，并通过最
management 有效、风险最低的方案提高经济效益


(contractual and legal agreements) and practices. The process 一种涉及人、系统和业务结构（合同与法律协议）与实践的
integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve 方法。该过程利用所有参与者的才能和见解，在设计、制造
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize 和建造的所有阶段改善结果、为业主增加价值、减少浪费并最
efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and 大程度提高效率。（引自美国建筑研究院）

greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including 这种屋面相比粗放型种植屋面，有更多的土壤量，可种植更
shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including 多种类的植物（包括灌木和树），并实现更多的用途（包括人
intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important 类使用）。生长介质的厚度是决定栖息地价值的一个重要因
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants 素。为屋面选择的本地或可适应性植物应能满足场址特有野
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife 生动物种群的需求。（引自 Green Roofs for Healthy
populations. (Adapted from Green Roofs for Healthy Cities) Cities）

stair treads and risers, ramps, and other walking surfaces. Interior 完工的底层地板或楼梯（包括楼梯踏板和竖板、斜坡和其他
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, 行走表面）上使用的所有面层。室内面层不包括建筑结构构
trusses, studs, or subfloors, or similar items. Interior finish also 件，如梁、桁架、螺柱或底层地板或类似物品，也不包括不
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives. 完全扩散的湿涂料或粘合剂。

including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings, 构成建筑裸露室内表面的所有面层，包括固定墙壁、固定隔
interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish 断、柱子、裸露的吊顶和室内护墙板、镶板、内饰或者通过机
finish 械方式安装或用于装饰、声学校正、表面耐火或类似目的的其
surface fire resistance, or similar purposes 他饰面


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation 先后使用两种或更多运输模式来移动单个装载装置或道路车
without the need to handle the goods themselves 辆中的货物，而无需处理货物自身的设施

aggressively adapts and reproduces. The plant’s vigor combined 被引进到某地区且有侵略性地适应和繁殖的非本地植物。植
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. 物的活力加上缺少天敌往往会导致数量激增。（引自美国农
(Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture) 业部）

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage 信息技术和电信设备（包括服务器、网络和存储设备）的年
equipment over the course of a year 耗电量

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also 在灯具中发光的设备，不包括灯罩和镇流器。以发光二极管
meet this definition. 作为光源的传统灯也符合此定义。

bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three 人造光光源（如灯泡）的有效工作寿命。荧光灯使用寿命的
hours on for every 20 minutes off. For high-density discharge 确定方法是：每关闭 20 分钟后打开三小时。对于高密度放
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. 电灯，测试方法为每关闭 20 分钟后打开 11 小时。灯寿命
Lamp life depends on whether the start ballast is program or 取决于启动镇流器是程序式的还是瞬时的。这些信息公布在
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’ 制造商信息中。也被称为额定平均寿命。


actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in 一种私有的非营利组织，其全部或部分使命是，通过从事或
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of 帮助保护地役权或土地收购，或者管理这些土地或地役权，积
land trust
such land or easements (Adapted from Land Trust Alliance) 极致力于节约土地（引自土地信托联盟）
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). 天然材料（如，岩石、土壤、石头、植被）。即使在场址中
land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are ，人造材料（如，混凝土、砖块、水泥）也会被认为是营建废
considered construction waste even if they were on site. 弃物。
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month 场址景观区域在场址峰值用水月份所需的用水量
a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking 由美国环保局 (EPA) 在《安全饮用水法》( Safe Drinking
lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, Water Act) 中规定的标签，允许在焊料、焊剂、管道、管件
pipe fittings, and well pumps 和井泵中出现少量铅
a registered pesticide in the Tier III (lowest toxicity) category, using 一种使用旧金山危险等级制度 (San Francisco Hazard
the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets Ranking System) 登记过的三级（最低毒性）杀虫剂，或者符
least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening 合“旧金山杀虫剂危险筛查协议” (San Francisco
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- Pesticide Hazard Screening Protocol) 的要求，且作为在
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants. 建筑住户无法接近的区域中使用的独立诱饵或者裂缝和裂隙处
Rodenticides are never considered least-risk pesticides. 理剂出售的杀虫剂。灭鼠药从未被视为最低风险杀虫剂。
admitted patient 个人作为住院患者在卫生保健设施中逗留的时间
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from 对产品整个生命周期中环境影响的评估，符合 ISO 14040–
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 2006 和 ISO 14044–2006 的定义


life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The 一个定义材料或构件生命周期中每个步骤环境影响（输入和
database is specific to countries and regions within countries. 输出）的数据库。该数据库视具体国家和地区而异。

upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not 是指来自建筑场址、照向天空或投射到场址外的会产生眩光
light pollution
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly 的废光。废光并不会增加夜间安全性或利于保安工作，不具
consumes energy. 有实用性，并且还会不必要地消耗能源。
transit service using two- or three-car trains in a right-of-way that 使用 2 节或 3 节车厢的列车在道路用地中提供的公共交通

is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between 服务，通常与其他交通模式分隔开。站间距离倾向于 1/2 英
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating 里或更远，最大行驶速度一般为 40–55 英里/小时（65–90
speeds are typically 40–55 mph (65–90 kmh). Light-rail corridors 公里/小时）。轻轨线路一般为 10 英里（16 公里）或更长
typically extend 10 or more miles (16 kilometers). 。

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause 因为数量、方向或光谱属性而显得刺眼且不必要的照明。光
annoyance, discomfort, distraction, or loss of visibility. 侵扰可造成烦扰、不适、注意力分散，或使视力受损。

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such 公用事业公司为降低系统负载的特意执行措施。切负荷通常
as capacity shortages, system instability, or voltage control. 在紧急时期进行，如在容量不足、系统不稳定或电压控制时。
long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees 便于居民和员工使用的自行车停放处，有顶篷以防止自行车
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow 受到雨雪影响

training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the 一种运营改进，如维修、升级、员工培训或挽留。在 LEED
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility 中，项目团队根据设施资源和运营预算来确定低成本改进的合
resources and operating budgets. 理上限。


land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff 一种管理雨水径流的方法，强调场址内自然特点，以通过恢
close to its source. Examples include better site design principles 复流域内的自然土地植被水情和处理靠近源头的径流来保护水
low-impact development (e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, 质。示例包括更好的场址设计原则（如尽量减少土地破坏、
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain 保留植被、尽量减少非渗透表面），以及设计实践（雨水花园
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, 、植被洼地和缓冲区、透水路面、雨水收集和土壤改良）。
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered 这些都是工程实践，可能需要专业设计辅助。

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- 送入冷却塔系统或蒸发式冷凝器的水，用于替换通过蒸发、
off, or other causes 漂流、溢流或其他原因流失的水

natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management 收集和保留指定量的雨水，以模拟自然水文功能。雨水管理
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and 的范例包括涉及蒸散、渗透、捕获和再利用的策略。
capture and reuse.
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites 场址总平面图的界限。总平面图边界包括项目区域，还可包
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary 括 LEED 项目边界以外的所有相关建筑和场址。总平面图边
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. 界考虑了未来场址的可持续使用、扩张和收缩。

mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as 源自行业标准的一种对光源发出的光进行测量的指标，与镇
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a 流器因数为 1.0 的瞬时启动镇流器一起在 40% 的灯具使用寿
program-start ballast) 命下测得（T-5 灯除外，它使用程序启动镇流器）。


include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology 设计用于医疗保健的家具。其中包括手术台；手术推车、耗
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and 材推车和移动设备推车；升降和转移辅助装置；耗材柜推车和
overbed tables. 架子，以及跨床桌。

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory 限制水流时间的调节器，一般是一种手动打开和自动关闭的
faucets and showers 设备，最常安装在卫生间的水龙头和淋浴器上

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone 白纸和彩色纸、信封、表格、文件夹、写字板、传单、麦片
books, and photos 盒子、包装纸、目录、杂志、电话簿和照片

reconfigured. In a retail setting, items that are movable but 被设计为可以轻松安装、移动和重新配置的货架和橱柜。在
modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for 零售环境中，可以移动但使用机械紧固系统半永久性固定以便
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building 于日常经营的家具被视为家具，不是基本建筑元素（如，通过
elements (e.g., a table or display bolted to the floor, or shelving 螺栓固定到地板上的桌子和展架，或者固定到墙壁的货架）。
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a 地平面（或工作面）与光源（灯具）底部之间的距离；光源
luminaire is installed. (Adapted from Light a Home) 安装的高度。（引自 Light a Home）
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or 用户无需工具或特殊行业和设施管理人员的协助即可移动的
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management 家具

multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some 为开发商店、餐馆和其他业务而总体规划的场址。零售商可
services and common areas. 以共享某些服务和公共区域。

a unique five- or six-digit number used to identify specific lamps, 一个唯一的 5 位或 6 位数，用于确定具体的灯具，由全国
NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors 电气分销商协会 (National Association of Electrical
Distributors) 使用

Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and 没有人类直接或间接活动的特定区域、生态系统和栖息地中
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they 出现的本地物种。本地物种随着该地区的地理、水文和气候
native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these 而进化。它们还会出现在社区中；即，他们与其他物种一同
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife 进化。因此，这些社区可为多种其他本地野生动物提供栖息
species. Species native to North America are generally recognized 地。北美本地的物种一般被认为是早于欧洲移民出现在北美
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. 大陆上。也被称为本地植栽。

natural refrigerant substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric 一种非人造的制冷化合物。相比人造化学制冷剂，这种物质
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples 不大可能对大气造成破坏。包括水、二氧化碳和氨。
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil 一项基于美国的土壤调查，显示场址内不同土壤类型的边界
soils delineation
and special soil features on the site 和特殊土壤特性

movement, and balance 水的出现、分布、移动和平衡的自然土地覆被作用
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building 项目中可用于容纳项目计划的所有内部区域之和。不包括用
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. 于建筑设备、垂直循环或结构组件的区域。


non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals 公共空间、诊断或治疗区域、门诊部，或卫生保健设施中不
who have been admitted for care 用于已接受住院护理的个人的其他任何空间
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards 不符合饮用水标准的水

activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The 人们经过或用于重点活动的区域，持续时间平均每人每天不
non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time 到一小时。一小时的时间范围是连续的，且应基于典型住户
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used 使用该空间的时间。对于不是每天使用的空间，这一小时的
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a 时间范围应基于典型住户在该空间开放使用时在其内消耗的时
typical occupant spends in the space when it is in use. 间。
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human 容纳人类排泄物并通过微生物方式进行处理的干燥卫生器具
waste via microbiological processes 和装置

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer 不用水冲洗的卫生器具，防臭瓣中有一层浮液浮在尿液上面
gas and odors ，阻隔下水道气体和异味

and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. 空间中的人可以直接接触和使用的系统或开关。包括工作照
occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system 明、开启式开关和百叶窗。温度传感器、光电传感器或中央
is not occupant controlled. 控制系统无法被住户控制。

spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as 用于人类活动的封闭空间，不包括主要用于其他用途的空间
occupiable space ，如储藏室和设备间，以及仅偶尔占用或短期占用的空间
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) (ASHRAE 62.1–2010)


storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied 用于人类活动的封闭空间，不包括主要用于其他用途的空间
occasionally and for short periods of time. Occupied spaces are ，如储藏室和设备间，以及仅偶尔占用或短期占用的空间。
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied 使用空间根据使用时间可进一步划分为经常使用或不经常使用
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or 的空间，根据住户数量可分为单人空间和多住户空间，根据空
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or 间中的住户密度分为密集使用和非密集使用空间。
replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner 单位成本较低且在业务经营期间定期使用和补充的产品。
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as 包括纸张、碳粉、粘合剂、电池和办公用品。也被称为持续
ongoing consumable
ongoing purchases. 采购品。

treatment generated on the project site 运输、存放、处理和处置项目场址产生的废水

more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and 松散材料组成的路面，由结构更加结实的网格或网带提供支
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered 撑。透水混凝土和多孔沥青不被认为是开放式网格，而是有
bounded materials. Unbounded, loose substrates do not transfer 边界材料。无边界的松散材料不像有边界的紧实材料那样传
and store heat like bound and compacted materials do. 递和储存热量。

operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation 指定主要系统运营参数和限制、维护程序和安排，以及为说
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and 明正确操作和维护所获准的排放控制设备或系统所需的记录方
maintenance of an approved emissions control device or system 法的计划

network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to 用于循环网络照明部分的光源，除了提供有效的街道照明，
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a 也兼具观赏功能，并且具有装饰性或古典外观


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis 在 24 小时或更长时间内没有住院，但是期间去过医院、诊
or treatment 所或相关医疗机构进行诊断或治疗的患者

owner’s project
determined by the owner to be important to the success of the 由业主确定的，详述了对项目成功十分重要的想法、理念和
requirements (OPR) project 条件的书面文件
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location 病床、输液椅、康复室开间，或病人接受临床护理的其他位
where a patient receives clinical care 置

peak demand period of time 特定时间点或某个时期的最大电力负荷

and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region 蒸散和降雨量之间出现最大亏缺的月份。场址区域内的植物
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- 最需要补充水分的月份，一般是盛夏中的月份。（可持续场
summer month. (Sustainable Sites Initiative) 址措施）

permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples 在没有工具或特殊行业和设施管理人员的帮助下，用户无法
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or 移动的结构。包括实验室罩、固定隔断、可拆卸的不透明全
partial-height partitions, some displays, and equipment. 高或半高隔断、一些展架和设备。
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when 将能耗转移到能源需求较低且因此能源费用较便宜的非高峰
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive 期
ground 可以让雨水径流渗入地下的铺设表面


environment because it remains in the environment for long 对人类和环境带来长期风险的物质，因为会长期存留在环境
中，并且浓度会随着食物链层级的增加而增加，可以转移到距
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, 离污染源很远的地区。往往存在时间越长，这些物质的浓度
toxic chemical substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems 就越高，对生态系统的破坏也越大。有关永久性生物累积毒
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent 素的信息，请参见美国环保局 (EPA) 网站
bioaccumulative toxic chemicals, www.epa.gov/pbt/. www.epa.gov/pbt/。
an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to 可以使医疗保健病人、访客和员工受到自然环境健康益处的

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green 区域。（引自 Green Guide for Health Care Places of
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief) Respite Technical Brief）

plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. 所有通过墙壁插座连接到电气系统的设备消耗的电流。

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can 家庭或商业、工业和机构设施作为产品最终用户产生的，不
content
no longer be used for its intended purpose 可再用于其原有用途的废弃物

drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the 符合或超出美国环保局饮用水水质标准（美国以外为当地同
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local 等标准），且经州或地方管辖当局批准用于人类消费的水；可
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or 通过水井或市政供水系统供给


unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any 来自为信息技术 (IT) 设备分配电能以及为其服务的设备的
transformation that occurs within the PDU, but it can include 电能。配电装置 (PDU) 输出不包括 PDU 中任何转换的效率
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as 损失，但可以包括安装在 IT 机架中的下游非 IT 辅助设备，
power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer 如风扇。如果 PDU 系统支持非 IT 设备（如，计算机房空调
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row 装置、计算机房空气处理装置、行级制冷器），必须计量该设
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the 备的用电量并从 PDU 输出读数中减去。计量方法应与用电效
PDU output reading. The metering approach should be consistent 率 (PUE) 类别要求的计量方法一致（如，PUE 类别 1、2 和
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) 3 的连续消耗计量）。
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment 数据中心电源使用效率指标；尤其是，由计算设备而不是冷
effectiveness (PUE) rather than for cooling and other overhead 却或其他开销使用的电量
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does 电动和电池供电的地板减振垫和磨光器。不包括湿应用中使
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications 用的设备

Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, 在制造过程中由废物流转化而成的物质，由材料（重量）百
preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete 分比确定。例如：刨花、锯屑、甘蔗渣、核桃壳、下脚料、
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap 修剪材料、过量发行的出版物及陈旧存货，不包括可通过与
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that 生产材料相同的过程予以回收的返工、粉碎再生材料或废料
generated them (ISO 14021). Formerly known as postindustrial (ISO 14021)。之前被称为工业用后含量。
content.


preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For 最靠近建筑主入口的停车位（指定的残疾人车位除外）。对
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the 于员工停车，是指最靠近员工使用的入口的停车位。

service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a 弃用或停用使用寿命超出设计寿命的构件或材料。例如，潜
premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 在寿命为 30 年的材料被特意设计为只使用 15 年，这样其剩
years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially 余 15 年的使用寿命就有可能会被浪费掉。相反，使用寿命
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as 与预期使用相同的构件可以发挥出最大使用潜力。

(alterations may exist now or in the past). Land that is not 通过铺装、建设和/或土地使用而经过改变，一般都有所需的
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or 监管启动许可（现在或过去存在改变）。先前未开发的土地
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or ，以及被当前或历史上的清理或填埋、农业或林业用途改变的
preserved natural area use are considered undeveloped land. The 景观，或者保留的天然区域均被视为未开发的土地。之前开
date of previous development permit issuance constitutes the date 发许可发放的日期构成了先前开发的日期，但是许可发放本身
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not 并不构成先前开发。

previously developed site developed land 场址在项目之前包括至少 75% 的先前已开发土地


crops and that is available for these uses, as determined by the U.S. 由美国农业部的自然资源保护局确定（一种基于美国的方法
Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation ，为高产土壤制定标准）的具有生产食物、饲料、草料、纤维
prime farmland Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly 和油料作物所需最佳物理和化学特性组合，并可用于这些用途
productive soil). For a complete description of what qualifies as 的土地。有关基本农田标准的完整说明，请参见美国联邦法
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, 规第 7 部，第 6 卷，400 到 699 部分，657.5 小节。

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water 一种测量水流的设备，安装在公用水表的下游，或者作为由
system maintained by the building management team 建筑管理团队维护的场址内供水系统的一部分

industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces 为了支持生产、工业或商业流程而消耗的电能，而不是为建
and maintaining comfort and amenities for building occupants of a 筑住户提供空调空间及保持舒适所消耗的电能。可包括制冷
process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food 、烹饪和食物准备、衣物洗涤设备以及其他主要辅助电器。
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances. (ASHRAE)
(ASHRAE)
load of process energy (ASHRAE) 由于工艺用能消耗或释放而产生的建筑负荷 (ASHRAE)

such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to 工业流程及建筑系统（如冷却塔、锅炉和冷却器）用水。此
process water 外，也可以指操作流程中使用的水，如洗碗、洗衣服，以及制
washing, and ice making. 冰。


ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled 作为准备好安装的成品元素或者在场址内组装的其他物品的构
product (permanently
on-site. The product unit is defined by the functional requirement 件到达项目场址的物品。产品单位由项目中使用的功能要求定
installed building product)
for use in the project; this includes the physical components and 义；这包括物理构件和为永久安装的建筑产品的预期功能服务
services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently 所需的服务。此外，对于规范中的类似产品，每种都可作为一
installed building product. In addition, similar products within a 个单独的产品。

consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To 通过管道或建造的其他运输工具为公众供水以便用于人类消
public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service 费的系统。若要被视为公共系统，这种系统必须有至少 15
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted 个服务连接或者为至少 25 个人提供定期服务。（引自美国
from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) 环保局 (EPA)）

use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other 雨水的收集、转移和存储，以便将来用作有利用途。一般来
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance 说，雨桶或蓄水池用于储水；其他构件包括集水区表面及运输
system. The harvested rainwater can be used for irrigation. 系统。收集的雨水可用于灌溉。

raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., 制作产品的基本物质，如混凝土、玻璃、石膏、砖石、金属、
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, 再生材料（如塑料和金属）、油（石油聚乳酸）、石材、农业
agrifiber, bamboo, and wood 纤维、竹子和木材
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse 经过处理和净化以便重复利用的废水

Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and 根据国际标准组织文档，ISO 14021 — 环境标志和声明 —
recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II 自我环境声明（II 类环境标志）进行定义

moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the 没有水分限制的特定植被表面失去的水量。高 120 mm 的草
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. 皮是参考植被。

Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey 按照自然资源保护局土壤调查（美国以外地区为当地的同等
outside the United States), or undisturbed native soils within the 调查）的描述，为项目场址本地的土壤，或者项目区域内未受
reference soil
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil 干扰、有原生植被、地形且土壤纹理与项目场址相似的原生土
textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing 壤。对于无既有土壤的项目场址，参考土壤被定义为项目区
soil, reference soils are defined as undisturbed native soils within 域内未受干扰，且为与新项目预期物种类似的适当原生植物物
the project’s region that support appropriate native plant species 种提供支持的原生土壤。
without substantial alteration of its form. Refurbishing involves 已完成其生命周期并准备在不大幅更改其形态的情况下再利
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the 用的物品。翻新包括整修、修复、恢复，或通常为改善外观
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a 、性能、质量、功能或产品价值。
product.

as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a 一个或多个人在建筑中工作、学习或进行其他重点活动时经
building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be 常（平均每人每天超过一小时）坐立的区域。一小时的时间
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces 范围是连续的，且应基于典型住户使用该空间的时间。对于
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based 不是每天使用的空间，这一小时的时间范围应基于典型住户在
on the time a typical occupant spends in the space when it is in 该空间开放使用时在其内消耗的时间。
use.


include the main building entrance as well as any building 常用是指进入建筑。包括主建筑入口以及与停车场、地下停
regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking 车场、地下通路或外部空间相连的任何建筑入口通道。不包
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical 括非典型入口、紧急出口、中庭、广场之间的连接以及内部空
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between 间。
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive 在 ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 标准 90.1–2010 中有强制性或指令性
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 要求的任何建筑最终用途

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as 经过维修或调整并退回进行检修的物品。再制造产品预计可
if it were new. 以和新产品一样使用。

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, 不因使用而耗尽的能源。例如：太阳能、风能、小型（低影
plus geothermal energy and wave and tidal systems. 响）水力发电，以及地热能与潮波系统。

renewable energy credit was generated from a renewable resource. RECs are sold 证明单位电量是源自可再生资源的一种可交易商品。 REC 与
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of 电力本身分开而单独出售，从而使传统电力的用户得以购买绿
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. 色电力。

their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials 按照与原始应用相同或相关的功能重新使用材料，从而延长
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery 了材料的使用寿命，避免被丢弃。再利用包括回收和重新使
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or 用从既有建筑或施工场址回收的材料。也称为重新利用。

reused area
the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that 项目原始状况中既有且仍会包括在最终设计之内的建筑结构
existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design 、核心以及外围护结构的总面积

required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue 设计用于满足法规或法律要求的严格精确度标准的测量工具
revenue-grade meter
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the 。公用事业计量表通常被称为收费等级表，因为其测量直接
customer. 导致对客户收费。

car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include 一种公共交通服务，是指多人乘坐一辆至少能坐 4 个人的乘
human-powered conveyances, which must accommodate at least 用车或小货车出行。可包括人力运输工具，必须容纳至少 2
rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, 个人。必须包括封闭的乘客座位区、固定路线服务、固定费
fixed route service, fixed fare structure, regular operation, and the 用结构，保持日常运营，以及能够搭乘多人。

construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include 从既有建筑或施工现场回收并重复使用的建筑构件。常见的
salvaged material
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and 可重新利用的建筑构件包括结构梁柱、地板、门、橱柜、砖及
decorative items. 装饰构件。

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. 负责有关学校运营、地区、人员、财务和未来发展等决策制
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious 定的机构。包括学校董事会、当地政府和宗教机构。
institutions.
direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled 从实体拥有或控制的来源直接排放温室气体，如场址内化石

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site 燃料燃烧产生的排放


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through 与从公用事业供应商购买以供实体使用的电力、加热/制冷或
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption 场址外蒸气的产生相关的间接温室气体排放

sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis 在至少 50% 的分析期中，整个分析区内满足或超过 300 勒
period 克斯的分析点的百分比

connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical 在将 IT 设备连接到电力系统时（如，电源插座）测量的信
server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the 息技术 (IT) 负载。服务器输入收集 IT 设备的实际功率负
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT 载，不包括配电损失和非 IT 负载（如，安装在机架上的风扇
loads (e.g., rack-mounted fans). ）。
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly 为了生命周期评估，假设建筑、产品或组合材料可使用的时
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment 间长度

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks 集会地点，或者住户追求重叠或协作任务的地点
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space 设计用于在将来进行扩建的区域。壳体空间被建筑外围护结
shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. 构封闭起来，但是无涂层。
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period 非封闭式自行车停车，一般由访客使用，持续 2 个小时或更
of two hours or less. 短时间。

base-case energy analysis that informs the team about the （也被称为“建筑量体模型的能源分析”）一种简单的基本
simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to 情况能源分析，告知团队建筑可能的能耗分配，用于评估潜在
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis 的项目能源策略。简单箱体分析使用基本、示意性的建筑形
uses a basic, schematic building form. 式。


characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site 评估一个场址地上和地下的特性，包括其结构、地质和水文
site assessment
assessments typically help determine whether contamination has 特性。场址评估通常有助于确定是否已发生污染，以及任何
occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of 污染物排放的程度和浓度。补救决定依靠场址评估期间生成
pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated 的信息。

associated (or potentially associated) buildings and sites. The plan 项目以及相关（或潜在相关）建筑和场址的整体设计或开发
site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The 理念。总平面图考虑了未来场址的可持续使用、扩张和收缩
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if 。场址总平面图通常以建筑规划（如适用）、计划的各阶段
applicable), site drawings of planned phased development, and 的场址图纸和叙述性描述进行说明。

hospital administrative offices could be moved so that this soft 功能可以轻易改变的区域。例如，医院行政办公室可以移动
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with ，从而这个软空间可以变为实验室。相反，具有专业设备和
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to 基础设施的实验室很难改变位置。
relocate.

softscape elements 包括活的园艺元素的景观元素
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- 使用虚拟净测量值的共享太阳能电池阵列或其他可再生能源
solar garden/ community connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables 系统，拥有连接了电网的用户，这些用户因使用可再生能源而
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) 获得得分点（引自 solargardens.org）


of 0 to 1. Black paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint 被表面反射的太阳能所占的比例，范围为 0 到 1。黑色油漆
(titanium dioxide) has a solar reflectance of 1. The standard 的日光反射系数为 0；白色油漆（二氧化钛）的日光反射系数
solar reflectance (SR) technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric 为 1。其测量使用的标准技术是分光光度测量法，通过积分球
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the 来确定每个波长的反射。然后按照 ASTM 标准 E903 和 E892
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then 的要求，使用标准太阳光谱，通过平均处理来获得平均反射率
determined by an averaging process, using a standard solar 。

defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance 用于测量建筑表面通过反射太阳辐射并发出热辐射，在阳光
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a 下保持凉爽的能力。定义标准为，标准黑色表面（初始太阳
standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal 能反射率为 0.05，初始热反射率为 0.90）的初始 SRI 为
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a 0，标准白色表面（初始太阳能反射率为 0.80，初始热反射率
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance 为 0.90）的初始 SRI 为 100。若要计算指定材料的 SRI，需
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is 通过凉屋面评级委员会标准 (CRRC-1) 获取其太阳能反射率和
calculated according to ASTM E 1980. Calculation of the aged SRI is 热反射率。 SRI 根据 ASTM E 1980 计算。老化 SRI 的计算
based on the aged tested values of solar reflectance and thermal 基于太阳能反射率和热反射率的老化测试值。
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a 一组统一标准，用于确保对空间中所有住户一致的可闻频率
space 清晰度和方向


source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing 减少带进建筑的不必要的材料数量，以产生更少的废弃物。
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. 例如，购买包装更少的产品就是一种减少资源消耗的策略。

area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across 一种描述室内环境中环境日光水平年充分性的指标。被定义
an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level 为在每年指定的一段运营时间内符合最低日光照度水平的分析
spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the 区域（执行计算的区域，一般横跨整个空间）的百分比（即，
(sDA)
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, 符合 Reinhart & Walkenhorst, 2001 的日照自足值）。照度
2001). The illluminance level and time fraction are included as 水平和时间部分作为下标包含在内，与 sDA300,50% 中一样。
subscripts, as in sDA300,50%. The sDA value is expressed as a sDA 值被表示为面积百分比。
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) 话语让被动听者难以听懂的状态 (ANSI T1.523–2001)

speech spectra human speech 对于人类语言来说为作为频率函数的声能分布
a transit service with small, individual rail cars. Spacing between 一种使用小型、独立轨道车辆的公共交通服务。站间距离一
streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, 致且很短，范围从每个街区到 1/4 英里，运行速度一般为
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). 10–30 英里/小时 (15–50 公里/小时)。有轨电车路线一般
Streetcar routes typically extend 2–5 miles (3-8 kilometers). 长达 2–5 英里（3-8 公里）。

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and 承载垂直或水平负载，且被认为架构稳定、无危险的构件（
nonhazardous 如墙、屋面和地板）


the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance 提供了解、运营和维护建筑中的系统及组合材料所需的信息
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed 。扩展了传统运营与维护文件的范围，包括多个在调试过程中
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project 制定的文件，如业主项目要求、运营与维护手册和运营顺序。
of operation.

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, 由前美国农业部水土保持局 (USDA Soil Conservation
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA Service) 开发的一种水文测定方法，通过对流域建模以计算
Soil Conservation Service 暴雨径流量、峰值排水率、水位图和储存量

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted 相同温度下，样品发出的辐射热通量与黑体辐射源发出的辐
from Cool Roof Rating Council) 射热通量的比值（引自凉屋面评级委员会）
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is 在露天条件下三年之后测得的太阳能反射率或太阳能反射指
value measured after three years of weather exposure 数

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time 一种让客户在高峰时期支付较高的价格来使用公用设施，反
periods 之在非高峰时期支付较低价格的规定

undercover parking under a building 位于地下、露天平台下、屋面下或建筑下方的停车场


does include losses from downstream electrical distribution 由一种可以在停电时保持信息技术 (IT) 设备正常工作的装
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include 置提供的电能。 UPS 输出不包括来自装置本身的效率损耗，
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS 但包括下游配电组件的损耗，这些组件包括配电装置，还包括
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- 安装在 IT 机架中的非 IT 辅助设备，如风扇。如果 UPS 系
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), 统支持非 IT 设备（如，计算机房空调装置、计算机房空气处
this usage must be metered and subtracted from the UPS output 理装置、行级制冷器），必须计量该用电量并从 UPS 输出读
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the 数中减去。计量方法应与用电效率 (PUE) 类别要求的计量方
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category 法一致（如，PUE 类别 1、2 和 3 的连续消耗计量）。
3).

Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing 很容易就能买到且常用的危险物品。包括电池、杀虫剂、含
universal waste
equipment, and light bulbs. See 汞设备和灯泡。参见
epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm. epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm。

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied 一种设计用于设备、机械或储存而不是人类活动的区域。设
only if retrieval of equipment is occasional. 备区域只有在偶尔取放设备的情况下才会被认为是未使用的。

energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or 与区域能源系统 (DES) 相关的加热或冷却系统或控制装置，
upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal 但不是与 DES 之间的热连接或接口。上游设备包括热能转化
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution 厂，以及在将热能运送到项目建筑或场址期间所有的传输和分
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the 配设备。


contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) 美国农业部为所含成分中至少 95%（不包括水和盐）是使用
USDA Organic
produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones. 非合成化学物质、抗生素或激素生产的产品授予的认证。其
Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved 他成分必须由经过 USDA 批准的非农业物质或不以有机形式市
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not 售的农业产品组成。
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that 在垂直表面上的一点，或出现在垂直平面上的一点计算的照度
occur on a vertical plane. 水平。

exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the 外部窗户中可以看到外部或内部的玻璃。观景窗必须能够清
vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned 晰地看到外面，并且不得被扭曲色彩平衡的玻璃料、纤维、有
glazing, or added tints that distort color balance. 图案的玻璃或添加的色彩遮挡。

destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable 行人必须在安全舒适的环境中，在出发点和目的地之间无障
environment on a continuous network of sidewalks, all weather- 碍地在连续的人行道网络上、露天人行道、人行横道或类似的
walking distance
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. 行人设施上行走的距离。步行距离必须从所有建筑用户都可
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is 进入的入口开始算起。

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and 通过焚化炉或填埋场以外的方式处理废弃物的一种管理活动
recycling. 。包括再利用和回收。

electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including 将不可回收的废料通过多个流程转换为可用的热能、电能或
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and 燃料，这些流程包括燃烧、气化、热裂解、厌氧消化、垃圾填
landfill gas (LFG) recovery 埋气 (LFG) 回收


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or 溪流（一级或更高，包括间歇性河流）小溪、河、运河、湖
ocean. It does not include irrigation ditches. 、出海口、海湾或者海洋的地表水。不包括灌溉水渠。

required by the building and associated grounds. The budget takes 用于计算建筑和相关地面所需水量的项目特定方法。预算考
into account indoor, outdoor, process, and makeup water demands 虑室内、室外、工艺和补充水需求，以及任何场址内供应，包
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets 括预计的降水。用水预算必须与具体的时段（如周、月或年
must be associated with a specified amount of time, such as a ）和水量（如 kGal 或升）相关。

wet meter passing water 一种安装在水管内部以记录流过的水量的设备

normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation 足以维持以一定的频率和持续时间被地表水或地下水淹没或
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands 渗透，以及在正常环境下能够维持众多适应饱和土壤条件的植
generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas, but 物生存的区域。湿地一般包括沼泽、湿地、泥沼以及类似的
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent 区域，但不包括灌溉水渠（除非划定为相邻湿地的一部分）。
wetland.

Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm 基于植物且符合森林管理委员会认证条件的材料。包括竹子
wood 和棕榈（单子叶植物）以及硬木（被子植物）和软木（裸子植
(gymnosperms) 物）
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation 无需常规灌溉的景观


and other types of large shipping containers from one area of a site 主要用于方便卡车拖车和其他类型大型集装箱从场址的一个
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as 区域移动到另一个区域的车辆。不包括叉车。也被称为牵引
terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig, yard goat, or yard 车、堆场拖车、多用途拖拉机装置、牵引头、堆场搬运车或堆
hustler. 场拖车。

the site limits 建筑占地通常或几乎与场址边界一致的地点

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Arabic)

abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just ‫الملكية المهجورة‬

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do ‫النباتات المتكيفة‬

treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than ‫العوامل المضافة المضادة للميكروبات‬

adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of ‫الموقع المجاور‬
calculation.


(ADC) operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and ‫( غطاء يومي بديل‬alternative daily cover)

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and ‫الوقود البديل‬
ethanol

alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, ‫مصدر المياه البديل‬
systems (IgCC).

(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance ‫التعرض الشمسي السنوي‬

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar ‫مالحق البناء الغير هيكلية‬
energy panels.

exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250
ASE1000,250

a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a

assembly
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) ‫تجميع‬
the limits used by school districts to determine what school

attendance boundary
students attend based on where they live ‫حدود الحضور‬

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– ‫متوسط كثافة الصمام الثنائى الباعث للضوء‬
2007

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., ‫أساس البناء‬
performance comparison with above-standard design ‫مقياس أداء البناء‬
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer )‫مقياس الحالة (أو الوضعية‬

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared ‫مقياس استهالك المياه‬

requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental
basis of design (BOD)
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable ‫( أساس التصميم‬BOD)


meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters)
bicycle network
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle ‫شبكة الدراجات‬
the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and

bicycling distance
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. ‫مسافة ركوب الدراجات‬

bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, ‫المواد البيولوجية‬

blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the ‫المياه المعدومة‬

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of ‫التفريغ‬
dissolved solids

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a ‫األرض الملوثة‬


of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA ‫نظام معياري لإلضاءة الخلفية واألضواء الموجهة ألعلى‬
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former ‫والسطوع‬
cutoff ratings.

buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way ‫األرض الصالحة للبناء‬

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant ‫البناء الخارجي‬
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane ‫البناء الداخلي‬

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the ‫النقل السريع بالحافالت‬

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere ‫موازنة الكربون‬

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of ‫( تسلسل العهدة‬COC)


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, ‫ندوات‬

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher ‫مبردات معتمدة على المركبات الكلوروفلوروكربونية‬
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause (CFC)

civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the ‫الشفق المدني‬

space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ ‫الفصل الدراسي أو مساحة التعلم األساسية‬
nonhazardous materials left over from construction and

clean waste
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. ‫نفايات نظيفة‬
glass that is transparent and allows a view through the

clear glazing fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. ‫الزجاج النقي‬


closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use ‫حلقة مغلقة للتبريد‬

color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting ‫ رد) اللون‬/‫مؤشر ترجيع (أداء‬
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option ‫تصريف فرن التجميع‬

combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. ‫لمزيج من الحرارة والطاقة‬
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as ‫النفايات المختلطة‬

commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project ‫( التفويض‬Cx)
requirements


commissioning authority
(CxA) communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to ‫( السلطة المفوضة باالستالم الفعلي ألنظمة المبني‬CxA)

the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is
conductivity
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for ‫الموصلية‬
standardization.

uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler ‫الري التقليدي‬

cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower ‫تفريغ برج التبريد‬

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution )‫التقييم الشامل (من المصدر للبوابة‬

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or ‫معلم ثقافي طبيعي‬

requirements (CFR)
developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and ‫المتطلبات الحالية للمرافق‬
requirements


dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or ‫المخزن المخصص‬

demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower ‫( االستجابة للطلب‬DR)

event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a ‫( حدث االستجابة للطلب‬DR)
curtailment event.

health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment,
demountable partition
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from ‫تقسيم قابل لإلزالة‬
being used

densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) ‫مساحة مكتظة‬


parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for
density
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. ‫الكثافة‬

(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space ‫المساحة الكلية للقسم‬

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces ‫أثر التطوير‬

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be ‫المتانة التفاضلية‬

direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public ‫نفاذ مباشر‬

direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no ‫ضوء الشمس المباشر‬


district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It ‫( نظام طاقة مركزي للمناطق‬DES)
electricity.

diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a ‫االستخدام المتنوع‬

transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES)
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes ‫معدات فرعية‬

that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office
durable goods
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and ‫السلع المعمرة‬

durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable ‫تيار نفايات السلع المعمرة‬


equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering ‫معدات إمداد السيارات الكهربائية‬

printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators,
electronic waste
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and ‫النفايات الكهربائية‬

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent ‫الزئبق العنصري‬
a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is

emergency lighting
always off during normal building operation ‫إنارة الطوارئ‬

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 ‫مركز توظيف‬

enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated ‫سياج أو إحاطة‬


access water and energy usage information that a building
energy service provider
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager ‫موفر خدمات الطاقة‬
or a similar tool

conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, ‫مواد النانو المصممة أوالمواد متناهية الصغرالمصممة‬

environmental product
declaration
of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– ‫إعالن المنتج البيئي‬
2007

evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the ‫التبخر الجوي‬
water vapor.

responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely ‫مسؤولية المنتج الموسعة‬

extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in ‫نباتيا‬
ً ‫السقف الموسع المغطى‬

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on ‫عداد خارجي‬
meter.

floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet ‫نسبة مساحة الطابق من مساحة األرض‬

building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be
foundation drain
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for ‫تصريف األساس‬
irrigation.


freight village support services. Such support services may include security, ‫األعمال المتعلقة بالشحن‬

during regular business hours. It does not include any door
functional entry
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not ‫الفعال‬
ّ ‫المدخل‬

furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as ‫األثاث والمفروشات‬


‫جرامات لكل قدرة ِحصانية فرملية في الساعة‬
grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a

graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and ‫المياة الرمادية‬

environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management
green infrastructure
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture ‫البنية التحتية الصديقة للبيئة‬

a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity

green power
produced from renewable energy sources ‫الطاقة الخضراء‬

green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle ‫السيارات صديقة البيئة‬
area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and

greenfield
could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology ‫قطعة األرض غير مستغلة‬
the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes ‫جزء من الموقع الخارجي مغطى بأرضيات صلبة و ليس‬
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. ‫ البالط‬:‫الغطاء الطبيعي مثل‬

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, ‫المواد الخطرة‬

heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle ‫تأثير الجزر الحرارية‬

limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles,
highway
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects ‫الطريق السريع‬
cities and towns.


historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review ‫مبنى تاريخي‬

designated or determined to be eligible as historically and
historic district
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or ‫منطقة تاريخية‬

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically ‫مادة متجانسة‬
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs ‫هيدرازون‬


The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area:
illuminance
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square ‫االستنارة‬

impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved ‫األسطح غير النفاذة‬

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should ‫مساحات اإلشغال الفردية‬
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or ‫مياه المعالجة الصناعية‬

infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not ‫موقع بناء في أرض خالية ضمن مجموعة أراضي مبنية‬


through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from
infiltration
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure ‫التسريب‬

emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, )‫األشعة تحت الحمراء ( أو الحرارية‬

inpatient
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours ‫مريض مقيم‬
any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit

inpatient unit where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours ‫وحدة المريض المقيم‬

integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking ‫البطاقة الالصقة المتكاملة‬
manufacture.

integrated pest
management the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns ‫( اإلدارة المتكاملة لآلفات‬IPM)


integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve ‫( التسليم المتكامل للمشروعات‬IPD)
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize

intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important ‫السقف الكثيف المزروع‬

interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, ‫تشطيب األرضيات الداخلية‬

interior wall and ceiling
finish and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish ‫تشطيبات السقف والحوائط‬


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation ‫النقل المتعدد الوسائط‬

invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. ‫نباتات منتشرة‬

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage ‫الطاقة السنوية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات‬

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also ‫مصباح‬

lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. ‫عمر المصباح‬


actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in
land trust
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of ‫استصالح األراضي‬/‫ضمان األرض‬

land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are ‫تطهير األراضي والتربة من الحطام‬
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month ‫متطلبات مياه الموقع الخارجي المنسق‬

lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, ‫خالي من الرصاص‬

the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening
least-risk pesticide
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- ‫المبيدات الحشرية األقل خطورة‬
the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an

length of stay
admitted patient ‫مدة اإلقامة‬
an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from

life-cycle assessment
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 ‫تقييم دورة الحياة‬


life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The ‫بيان دورة الحياة‬

upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not
light pollution
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly ‫التلوث الضوئي‬
consumes energy.

light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating ‫سكك حديدية خفيفة‬

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause ‫سطوع الضوء الزائد‬

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such ‫فرز الحمل‬
bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees

long-term bicycle storage
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow ‫مواقف الدراجات الهوائية طويلة المدى‬

low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility ‫تحسين منخفض التكلفة‬


(LID)
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, ‫( تنمية منخفضة التأثير‬LID)

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- ‫مياه التعويض عن المياه المفقودة بالتبخر‬

include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and ‫إدارة (مياه األمطار) في الموقع‬
capture and reuse.
the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites
master plan boundary
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary ‫حدود المخطط الرئيسي‬

measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a ‫قياس متوسط مخرجات لومن‬


medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and ‫الفرش الطبي‬
overbed tables.

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory ‫التحكم في القياس‬
faucets and showers

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone ‫ورق متنوع‬
books, and photos

casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building )‫الخزانة والرفوف القياسية (سهلة التنقل‬
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a ‫االرتفاع التصاعدي‬
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management ‫قطع األثاث والفواصل القابلة للتحريك‬

multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some ‫مجمع متعدد المستأجرين‬


NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors ‫كود الرابطة الوطنية لموزعي الكهرباء‬

native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these ‫زراعة النباتات المحلية‬

substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric
natural refrigerant
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples ‫المبردات الطبيعية‬
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil ‫التخطيط لخدمة الحفاظ على الموارد الطبيعية في التربة‬
soils delineation
and special soil features on the site (NRCS)

movement, and balance ‫الهيدرولوجيا الطبيعية للموقع‬
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building ‫المساحة الصافية المستخدمة لتحقيق برنامج المشروع‬


non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals ‫منطقة المرضى غير المقيمين‬
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards ‫مياه غير صالحة للشرب‬

space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used ‫مساحات غير مشغولة بانتظام‬
dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human
nonwater toilet systems
waste via microbiological processes ‫أنظمة المرحاض الالمائية‬

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer ‫مباول المائية‬
gas and odors

occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system ‫سيطرة الشاغل‬

occupiable space
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only ‫المنطقة القابلة لإلشغال‬


occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied ‫المنطقة المشغولة‬
replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner
ongoing consumable
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as ‫المواد االستهالكية الجارية‬
ongoing purchases.

treatment generated on the project site ‫معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي في الموقع‬

open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered ‫نظام رصيف مفتوح الشبكة‬

maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and ‫خطة العمليات والصيانة‬

ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a ‫وحدات اإلنارة المزخرفة‬


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis ‫المريض غير المقيم‬
or treatment

owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the ‫متطلبات مالك المشروع‬
project

patient position
where a patient receives clinical care ‫موضع المريض‬

peak demand period of time ‫ذروة الطلب‬

peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- ‫أعلى شهر في سنة تُستعمل فيه المياه ألغراض الري‬

obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or ‫حواجز داخلية ثابتة‬
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive ‫تحويل حمل الذروة الثابت‬
a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the

permeable pavement ground ‫أرصفة نافذة‬


persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain,
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these ‫( مركبات السموم الحيوية المتراكمة مستمرة المفعول‬PBT)

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green ‫مكان الراحة‬

plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. ‫حمل السدادة أو حمل الحوض‬

postconsumer recycled
content
institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can ‫المحتوى المعاد تدويره بعد االستهالك‬

potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local ‫المياه الصالحة للشرب‬


output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row ‫مخرجات وحدة توزيع الطاقة‬
effectiveness (PUE)
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment ‫الفعالية في استغالل الطاقة‬
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications ‫معدات صيانة األرضيات التي تعمل بالطاقة‬

content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap ‫المحتوى المعاد تدويره قبل االستهالك‬
content.


(exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For
preferred parking
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the ‫أماكن مفضلة لوقوف السيارات‬

potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15
premature obsolescence years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially ‫التقادم المبكر‬

previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or ‫مسبق التطوير‬

previously developed site developed land ‫موقع مسبق التطوير‬


Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation
prime farmland Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly ‫األرض الزراعية الرئيسية‬

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water ‫عداد خاص‬

process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food ‫طاقة معالجة‬
(ASHRAE)
load of process energy (ASHRAE) ‫أحمال المعالجة أو األحمال الغير منظمة‬

such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to
process water
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes ‫مياه معالجة‬


for use in the project; this includes the physical components and )‫منتج (مثبت في المبنى بشكل دائم‬
services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently

public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service ‫( مورد المياه العام‬PWS)

rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance ‫تجميع مياه األمطار‬

concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g.,
raw material
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, ‫مادة خام‬
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse ‫المياه المستصلحة‬

recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II ‫المحتوي المعاد تدويره‬

evapotranspiration rate
moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the ‫معدل التبخر المرجعي‬
reference vegetation.

reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing ‫التربة المرجعية‬
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the ‫المواد المجددة‬
product.

regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces ‫المساحة المشغولة بانتظام‬
use.


entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical ‫المدخل الخارجي المستخدم بانتظام‬
any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive

regulated load
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 ‫الحمل المنتظم‬

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as ‫منتج معاد تصنيعه‬
if it were new.

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, ‫الطاقة المتجددة‬

(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of ‫( اعتماد الطاقة المتجددة‬REC)

reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery ‫إعادة االستخدام‬

reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design ‫منطقة معاد استخدامها‬

required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue
revenue-grade meter
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the ‫عداد صنف اإليرادات‬
customer.

rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, ‫االنتقال المشترك‬

salvaged material
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and ‫المادة المستعادة‬
decorative items.

operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development.
school authority
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious ‫الهيئة المدرسية‬
institutions.

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site 1 ‫نطاق االنبعاثات‬


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through 2 ‫نطاق االنبعاثات‬

period

server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the ‫مدخالت الخادم الكهربائية‬
the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly

service life
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment ‫مدة الخدمة‬

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks ‫المنطقة المشتركة متعددة اإلشغال‬

shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. ‫مساحة هيكلية‬
non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period

short-term bicycle storage of two hours or less. ‫مواقف الدراجات الهوائية على المدى القصير‬

simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to ‫( تحليل نمذجة طاقة مربع بسيط‬simple box energy
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis modeling analysis)


site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of ‫تقييم الموقع‬

considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The
site master plan
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if ‫المخطط الرئيسي للموقع‬

soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with ‫مساحة بسيطة‬
relocate.
the elements of a landscape that consist of live, horticultural ‫العناصر الطبيعية في المنظر الطبيعي مثل النباتات والتربة‬
softscape elements ‫أيضا‬
ً ‫ويمكن أن تتضمن األحجار الصلبة‬
renewable energy system connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables ‫مشترك‬/‫نظام الطاقة الشمسية المتجددة للحدائق‬
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org)


measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the ‫( االنعكاس الشمسي‬SR)

solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a ‫( مؤشر االنعكاس الشمسي‬SRI)
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a ‫تغطية مستوى الصوت‬
space


source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing ‫انخفاض المصدر‬

spatial daylight autonomy
(sDA) for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the ‫التحكم الذاتي في اإلضاءة الطبيعية المكانية‬
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) ‫خصوصية الكالم‬

speech spectra human speech ‫طيف الكالم‬

stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile,
streetcar and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). ‫الترام‬

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and ‫هيكل‬
nonhazardous


systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed ‫دليل األنظمة‬
of operation.

hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA ‫( النشرة التقنية‬TR)55

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted ‫االبتعاث الحراري‬
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is ‫ قيمة مؤشر االنعكاس الشمسي‬SRI ‫أو االنعكاس الشمسي‬
value measured after three years of weather exposure SR ‫بعد ثالث سنوات من التعرض للطقس‬

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time ‫التسعير حسب زمن االستخدام‬
periods

undercover parking under a building ‫مواقف السيارات تحت األرض‬


supply (UPS) output
system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- ‫( إخراج مورد طاقة غير منقطع‬UPS)
3).

Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing
universal waste
equipment, and light bulbs. See ‫النفايات الخطرة الشائعة‬

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied ‫المنطقة غير المشغولة‬

interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal ‫محطة الطاقة المركزية وجميع المعدات المرتبطة بنقل‬
upstream equipment
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution ‫الطاقة إلى المشروع‬


produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones. ‫منتج عضوي من وزارة الزراعة في الواليات المتحدة‬
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved (USDA)
illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that

vertical illuminance
occur on a vertical plane. ‫اإلضاءة العمودية‬

vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned ‫واجهات زجاجية تسمح بالرؤية‬

walking distance
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. ‫مسافة السير‬

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and ‫تحويل النفايات‬
recycling.

waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and ‫تحويل النفايات إلى طاقة‬


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or ‫مسطح مائي‬

water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets ‫ميزانية المياه‬

wet meter passing water ‫المقياس الرطب‬

wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands ‫األراضي الرطبة‬
wetland.

Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm
wood
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods ‫األخشاب‬
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation ‫الزراعة قليلة االستهالك المائي‬


yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as ‫ساحة جرار‬
hustler.
a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with ‫مجموعة من الوحدات السكنية المنفردة المرتبطة فيما بينها‬
the site limits ‫بالمشروع‬

Term (English) Definition (English) Arabic Defintion

it up, or use it. One may have abandoned the property of contract ‫ قد يفقد الشخص حقوقه في‬.‫هر أن مالكها السابق ال ينوي الرجوع مرة أخرى لحوزها أو للتصرف فيها‬
abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just .‫ ال ُيعتبر حق االرتفاق أو حقوق األراضي األخرى ملكية مهجورة بمجرد عدم االستخدام‬،‫ن من ناحية أخرى‬
because of nonuse. Abandoned land is defined as land not being ‫الحالي ولكن قد تحتوي على مرافق وبنية تحتية في المكان‬
vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has ‫ النباتات المتكيفة ال تخلق (التُظهر) المشكالت ذاتها التي تخلقها‬.‫ميز بخصائص تتيح لها العيش في المنطقة‬
adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do
not pose the same problems as invasive species. ‫(تُظهرها) األنواع العدوانية‬.

inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Some products, such as ‫ وعلى‬.‫ بعض المواد مثل مشمع األرضية تُظ ِهر خصائص طبيعية ُمضادة للبكتريا‬.‫نات الدقيقة أو منع نموها‬
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments .‫المضادة للميكروبات تقلل نقل العدوى في تشطيبات المباني بشكل أكثر فعالية من إجراءات التنظيف القياسية‬
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than ‫ راجع نشرة وكالة حماية البيئة األمريكية والمنتجات االستهالكية المعالجة بالمبيدات الحشرية‬.‫امل الميكروبي‬
standard cleaning procedures. Also known as added microbial َ ُ
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with factsheets/treatart.htm).

parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider ‫ مع األخذ في االعتبار قطع االراضي الحدودية فقط وليس التي لها‬.‫مسبقا‬
ً ‫ورة لحدوده مواقع تم تطويرها‬
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the ‫ي تحد جسم مائي من الحساب‬
calculation.


active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each ‫الناشط في مصب البلدية للنفايات الصلبة في نهاية كل يوم عمل للسيطرة على الحشرات والحرائق والروائح‬
operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and
(ADC)
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they ‫أن تتم معالجة هذه المواد حتى ال تسمح بوجود فجوات في السطح المكشوف لمصب النفايات‬

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and ‫ين والبروبان والغاز الطبيعي المضغوط والغاز الطبيعي المسال والميثانول واإليثانول‬
ethanol

sources, and subsurface natural freshwater sources. Examples ‫ تشمل األمثلة الماء الرمادي والمياه السطحية المستصلحة‬.‫السطحية والمصادرالباطنية للمياه العذبة الطبيعية‬
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater,
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis ‫جمع والماء المطرود من أنظمة التناضح العكسي‬
َّ ‫الم‬
ُ ‫جمعة والماء المتكاثف‬
َّ ‫الم‬
ُ ‫( ومياه األمطار‬IgCC).
systems (IgCC).

annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an ‫عر ف بأنه النسبة المئوية لمنطقة التحليل التي تتخطى المستوى المحدد لالستنارة بضوء الشمس‬
َّ ‫وي‬
ُ .‫ل الداخلية‬
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance ‫المباشرة لمدة تزيد عن عدد الساعات المحددة في السنة‬.

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar ‫ل على سبيل المثال المناور وفتحات التهوية والمعدات الميكانيكية والجدران الداخلية ولوحات الطاقة الشمسية‬
energy panels.

maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be ‫ لكس من أشعة‬1000 ‫ والتي ُو ِجد أنها تتعرض ألكثر من‬،‫ل التي توجد بمسافة قدمين بحد أقصى بين النقاط‬
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed ‫اليوم‬/‫ ساعات‬10 ‫ مع األخذ في االعتبار فترة التحليل ذاتها‬،‫مظالت أو ستائر قابلة للفرد لحجب أشعة الشمس‬
ASE1000,250
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period ‫بأنها فترة اضطرابات موسمية واستخدام طرق محاكاة متماثلة‬


assembly
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) )‫ على سبيل المثال) أو منتج مصنوع من مكونات فرعية (مثل محطة عمل‬،‫كب من مواد متعددة (كالخرسانة‬

attendance boundary
students attend based on where they live ‫المستخدمة في المناطق التعليمية لتحديد نسبةحضورالطالب بالمدرسة التي حسب المكان الذي يعيشون فيه‬

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– ‫ للجنة الدولية لإلضاءة‬2007–127 ‫النحو المحدد في المعيار‬
2007

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., )‫ األرضيات وأشغال المعالجة وأغطية الجدران‬،‫ناء أو يتم تركيبها بشكل دائم وشبه دائم في المشروع (مثل‬
performance comparison with above-standard design ‫التصميم المعياري المذكور أعاله‬
any development or disturbance took place. Baseline conditions ‫ قبل بدء مشروع‬LEED، ‫المطور‬ِّ ‫صف الوضعيات المعيارية حالة موقع المشروع في التاريخ الذي طلب فيه‬
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase ‫الحقوق الخاصة بأغلبية األرض القابلة للبناء المكتسبة من خالل الشراء أو خيار الشراء‬.

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared ‫ت والتجهيزات مطابقة للقانون دون مدخرات مضافة مقارنة بالتصميم أو بيانات عداد المياه الحالي‬

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental ‫ ومراجع القوانين المعمول بها والمعايير‬،‫ وإ فتراضات التصميم‬،‫ معايير الجودة البيئية الداخلية‬،‫وصف النظام‬


following 1) off street bicycle paths or trails at least 8 feet (2.5 ‫ متر) على األقل للطريق مزدوج االتجاه‬2.5( ‫ أقدام‬8 ‫و ممرات للدراجات الهوائية بجانب الطريق بعرض‬
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle ‫ أقدام‬5 ‫) توضيح مجسم على الطريق للممرات المخصصة للدراجات الهوائية في الشارع بعرض‬2 ‫ه الواحد‬
bicycle network
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a )‫كيلومترا في الساعة‬
ً 40( ‫ ميال في الساعة‬25‫) شوارع مصممة لسرعة محددة بـ‬3 ‫ متر) على األقل‬1.5(

bicycling distance
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. ‫ والتي يجب أن تكون بكاملها على شبكة الدراجات‬،‫جب أن يقطعها راكب الدراجة بين نقاط البداية والوجهات‬

are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological ‫تتكون بالكامل أو جزء كبير منها من منتجات بيولوجية (حيوية) ومواد زراعية متجددة (تشمل المواد النباتية‬
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal,
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of ‫ بخصوص أغراض‬.‫ والحيوانية والبحرية) أو المواد الموجودة في الغابات‬LEED، ‫د والجلود الخام الحيوانية‬

premises in accordance with the International Plumbing Code. ‫ وتعتبر مياه الصرف‬."‫وفقا "لقانون السباكة الدولي‬
ً ‫فها إلى أنظمة الصرف الصحي الخاص بالمبني أو العقار‬
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the ‫ستخدام التخلص من القمامة) أو االستحمام أو الحمامات مياه معدومة بموجب بعض القوانين الدولية أو المحلية‬

‫المذابة‬ ِّ
blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of ُ ‫إزالة المياه اإلضافية من برج التبريد أو نظام تبريد مكثف التبخير لتقليل تركيزات المواد الصلبة‬
dissolved solids

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a ‫امها أو توسعتها أو إعادة تنميتها عملية معقدة لوجود أو احتمالية وجود مادة خطرة أو ملوثات أو مادة ملوثة‬


of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA ‫( نظام تصنيف اإلنارة الذي يصنف وحدات اإلنارة فيما يتعلق بالضوء الخلفي‬B) ‫( والضوء العلوي‬U) ‫طوع‬
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former ‫ري لإلضاءة الخلفية واألضواء الموجهة ألعلى والسطوع محل األنظمة المعيارية المنتهية (المنقضية) السابقة‬
cutoff ratings.

land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in ‫ تستثني األرض القابلة للبناء التي يكون فيها‬،‫ وعند استخدامها في حسابات الكثافة‬.‫شكل طوعي وغير المبنية‬
buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way ‫المستثناة من التنمية حسب القانون المقنن‬
ُ ‫حق المرور العام واألرض‬.

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant ‫ي ذلك أغشية الوقاية من الماء والمواد الحاجزة المقاومة للماء والهواء وكل عناصرالبناء خارج هذا النظام‬
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane ‫كل شيء داخل غشاء الوقاية من الماء‬

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the ‫صمم هذا النظام للجمع بين مرونة الحافالت وفعالية السكة الحديدية‬
ُ .‫بالحافالت أو غيرها من حقوق العبور‬

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere )‫ربون يتم تقليلها أو تجنبها أو حجزها لتعويض االنبعاثات التي تحدث في مكان آخر (معهد الموارد العالمية‬

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of ‫ بما في ذلك جميع المراحل المتتالية للمعالجة والتحويل والتصنيع والتوزيع‬،‫الستخراج إلى االستخدام النهائي‬


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, ‫معا الستكشاف وإ نشاء وإ نتاج خيارات التصميم بشكل تعاوني‬
ً ‫ف تجمع أشخاص من مجاالت وخلفيات مختلفة‬

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher ‫ تتسبب‬،‫ وعند انبعاثها في الغالف الجوي‬.‫درجة حرارة منخفضة ويطلق الحرارة في درجات حرارة مرتفعة‬
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause ‫المركبات الكربوكلوروفلورية في استنزاف طبقة األوزون في الستراتوسفير‬.

the center of the sun is geometrically 6 degrees below the horizon. ‫ يكون وقت الشفق المدني‬،‫ في ظل أحوال الطقس الجيدة‬.‫ درجات تحت األفق‬6 ‫هندسيا‬ ً ‫يكون مركز الشمس‬
civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the ‫ يتطلب األمر عادةً وجود إضاءة إصطناعية للقيام باألنشطة الطبيعية‬،‫فق المدني في الصباح وبعده في المساء‬
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination ‫خارج المنزل‬.

classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and ‫ ووسيلة تواصل كالمية جيدة أمر بالغ األهمية‬،‫ الوظائف األساسية هي التعليم والتعلم‬،‫ل هذه المساحة‬
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’

clean waste
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. ‫ويستثنى من النفايات النظيفة الرصاص واألسبستوس‬
ُ .‫المواد غير الخطيرة من مخلفات البناء والهدم‬.

clear glazing fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. ‫ أما الزجاج المنشور فيسمح فقط بضوء النهار‬.‫زجاج شفاف يسمح بالرؤية من خالل فتحات النوافذ‬.


medical equipment by recirculating water. Because the water is ‫ تستخدم بعض أنظمة التبريد‬،‫ونظرا ألنه يتم حجز الماء داخل النظام‬
ً .‫الطبية من خالل إعادة تدوير المياه‬
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from )‫التي يتم تجميعها من مكثِّف لفائف التبريد الموجه للهواء‬

displays hues. The higher the index number, the more accurately .‫ كلما ارتفع رقم المؤشر زاد ترجيع األلوان‬.‫مصدر في عرض درجات األلوان بالمقارنة مع الضوء الساطع‬
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color ‫؛‬25 ‫تقريبا‬
ً ‫؛ مقياس إضاءة الصوديوم عالي الضغط القياسية (مثل أضواء الطرق البرتقالية) يساوي‬95 ‫من‬
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting
(such as orange-hued roadway lights) measures approximately 25; ‫ فما فوق‬80 ‫من مصادر الضوء الفلورية التي تستخدم فسفور األتربة النادرة لها مؤشر ترجيع ألوان يساوي‬
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY ‫)المتحدة األمريكية‬
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option ‫المياه الصادرة من فرن يحتوي على دورة بخار أو خيار‬

generated by a single fuel source in the production of electrical ‫أيضا باسم توليد المشترك‬
ً ‫ وتُعرف هذه العملية‬.‫بواسطة مصدر وقود واحد في عملية إنتاج الطاقة الكهربائية‬
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. )‫(مقتبس من وكالة حماية البيئة األمريكية‬
ٌ .‫للطاقة‬
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as ‫كما تعرف بإعادة التدوير أحادية التدفق‬.‫عيد ا للفرز في جداول قابلة إلعادة التدوير‬
ً

commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project ‫ظمة والتركيبات التابعة له تم تخطيطها وتركيبها واختبارها وتشغيلها وصيانتها لتلبية متطلبات مشروع المالك‬
requirements


completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates ‫ وتسهل السلطة المفوضة باالستالم الفعلي ألنظمة المبنى‬.‫تنظيم وقيادة ومعاينة إكمال أنشطة عملية التفويض‬
(CxA)
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in ‫وفقا لمتطلبات مشروع المالك‬ َّ ‫والمقاول لضمان‬.
ً ‫أن األنظمة المعقدة مثبتة وتعمل‬

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is ‫ يتم قياس التوصيل في درجة حرارة‬،‫ونظر ا لتأثرها بدرجة الحرارة‬
ً .‫نية تمرير تيار كهربي من خالل المياه‬
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for ‫ درجة مئوية لتوحيد المعايير‬25.
standardization.

nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly ‫ ويستخدم نظام الري التقليدي عادة الضغط إليصال المياه وتوزيعها من خالل رؤوس رشاشة فوق‬.‫رطبيعية‬
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler ‫سطح األرض‬.
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because ،‫ قد يكون التفريغ السريع من برج التبريد شديد الملوحة‬.‫ة أو القلوية الزائدة تسببت في حدوث عملية التقشر‬
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. ‫فال يمكن استخدامه لري البساتين‬.
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction ‫ التقييم ال يأخذ بعين اإلعتبار مراحل استعمال المنتج و‬.)‫البداية) إلى بوابة المصنع (قبل نقلها للتوزيع والبيع‬
cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution
and sale). It omits the use and the disposal phases of the product. ‫التخلص منه‬.
an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural ‫قافية وطبيعية مرتبطة بأحداث وأنشطة تاريخية أو شخص أو مناطق تعرض قيما ثقافية أو جمالية ذات قيمة‬
cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or ً
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values ‫كبيرة‬

requirements (CFR)
developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and ‫وع الخاص بالمالك (أومشروع المالك) والتي تم تحسينها لتأكيد االحتياجات والمتطلبات العملية الحالية للمالك‬
requirements


recyclable waste. Signage often indicates the type of recyclable ‫غالبا ما توضح اإلشارات‬
ً .‫ مثل تجميع النفايات القابلة إلعادة التدوير‬،‫محددة الحجم ومخصصة لمهمة محددة‬
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based ‫قد تتطلب بعض جداول النفايات –مثل المصابيح المحتوية على الزئبق أو الوثائق الورقية الحساسة أو نفايات‬
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or
batteries, may require particular handling or disposal methods. ‫ راجع إجراءات التخلص اآلمن من النفايات وتخزينها الخاصة بالبلدية أو اتبع اإلرشادات المنشورة‬.‫ص خاصة‬
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ‫ على موقع "وكالة حماية البيئة األمريكية" على الموقع‬www.epa.gov.

normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of ‫ق أنماط االستهالك العادية الخاصة بهم استجابة للتغييرات في سعر الكهرباء أو الدفعات التحفيزية المصممة‬
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when ‫ستخدام الكهرباء بشكل أقل في أوقات ارتفاع أسعار سوق البيع بالجملة أو عند تعرض استقرار النظام للخطر‬

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- ‫أيضا‬
ً ‫ويعرف‬ ُ .‫مستقلة إلى تغيير في نمط أو مستوى استخدام في شبكة الكهرباء من المشتركين في برنامجها‬
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a ‫باسم حدث تخفيض االستهالك‬.
curtailment event.

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, ‫ من‬،‫ كما هو الحال في جناح الجراحة‬،‫ قد تمنع المخاوف الصوتية والمعدات المدمجة‬،‫رافق الرعاية الصحية‬
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from ‫استخدام التقسيم القابل لإلزالة‬.
being used

densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) )‫مربعا‬
ً ‫مترا‬
ً 93( ‫ قدم مربع‬1000 ‫شخصا أو أكثر في مساحة‬
ً 25 ‫منطقة ذات تصميم كثافة إشغال مقدارها‬


density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for ‫ قد تختلف وحدات قياس‬.‫كنية على قطعة أرض متعلقة باألرض القابلة للبناء على مساحة قطعة األرض هذه‬
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. ‫علما بأنها ال تتضمن موقف سيارات المبني‬
ً ،‫طبقا لمتطلبات االعتماد‬
ً ‫الكثافة‬.

departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating – ‫ يشمل الحساب‬.‫ إذ يتم احتسابها من الخط المركزي للجدران التي تفصل القسم من المساحات المجاورة‬،‫جي‬
the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space
(DGA) within the department are included in the calculation. This ‫ ويستثني هذا الحساب وحدات المرضى الداخليين‬.‫الجدران وفضاءات التداوالت داخل القسم‬.

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces ‫بالمباني والشوارع ومواقف السيارات واألسطح التي تمنع نفاذ المطر والتي تم تشييدها كجزء من المشروع‬

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be ‫ عندها يجب التخلص من المنتج ككل‬،‫ في حالة تآكل مادة منهما وال يمكن فصلها أو استبدالها‬. ً‫واحدا كامال‬
ً ‫ا‬

pass through another patient’s room, dedicated staff space, service ‫المرور عبر حجرة مريض آخر أو المنطقة المخصصة لطاقم العمل أو مساحة الخدمة أو المرافق أو مكان‬
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day ‫جزءا من طريق الوصول المباشر‬
ً ‫صة بالمرضى ومناطق الجلوس العامة ومساحات االنتظار والفراغ اليومي‬

beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular ‫ وتستثني تأثير أي ستائر قابلة للفرد دون مساهمة‬،‫شمس بشعاع مباشر يوضح نفاذية النافذة ومؤثرات الزاوية‬
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and ‫المكون المنتشر في السماء‬
ّ ‫مقتبس من( من الضوء المنعكس (أي تحليل االرتداد الصفري) ودون مساهمة من‬


distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of ‫ وال تشمل أنظمة الطاقة‬.)‫طاقة حرارية لمجموعة من المباني (مثل وحدة تبريد مركزية في الحرم الجامعي‬
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It
does not include central energy systems that provide only ‫المركزية التي توفر الكهرباء فقط‬.
electricity.

intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated ‫ ال تتوافر التسهيالت األتوماتيكية مثل خدمة الصراف اآللي أو آالت‬.‫الحتياجات اليومية وهي متاحة للعامة‬
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a
the heating and cooling systems, equipment, and controls located ‫دة في مبنى المشروع أو على موقع المشروع ويترافق مع نقل الطاقة الحرارية من النظام الطاقي للمناطق‬
transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) ‫ل الحراري أو واجهة اتصال مع النظام الطاقي للمناطق وأنظمة توزيع ثانوية في المبنى ووحدات‬
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes ‫ تلتقط مزيالت االنجراف هذه القطرات وتعيدها إلى الخزان‬.‫التبخير بواسطة تيار الهواء المار عبر النظام‬

that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office ‫ األثاث والمعدات المكتبية واألجهزة المنزلية ومحوالت الطاقة‬،‫ ومن أمثلة ذلك‬.‫استبدالها بشكل غير متكرر‬
durable goods
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and ‫الخارجية وأجهزة التلفاز واألجهزة السمعية والبصرية‬.

َّ
they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful ‫المؤجرة التي يتم‬ ‫ وتشمل السلع المعمرة‬.‫بالكامل ووصلت لنهاية عمرها اإلنتاجي للعمليات التجارية الطبيعية‬
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods ‫إرجاعها إلى مالكيها ولكن ال تشمل السلع المعمرة التي ما زالت تعمل ويتم نقلها إلى طابق أو مبنى آخر‬.


equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors, ‫ضة وموصالت تأريض المعدات وموصالت السيارات الكهربائية وشمعات اإلشعال بالسيارة وكل التجهيزات‬
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering ‫ (القوانين الكهربائية القومية وكاليفورنيا مادة‬.‫ص بغرض توفير الطاقة من أسالك المبني إلى السيارة الكهربائية‬
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National )625

printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, )‫عات والماسحات الضوئية وأجهزة الفاكس) واألجهزة المنزلية (الثالجات وغساالت األطباق ومبردات المياه‬
electronic waste
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and ‫ومحوالت الطاقة الخارجية وأجهزة التلفزيون وغيرها من المعدات السمعية والبصرية‬

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent ‫على مر ّكب) والذي ُي ستخدم البخار الناتج عنه بشكل شائع في المصابيح الفلورية وأنواع المصابيح األخرى‬

emergency lighting
always off during normal building operation ‫مطفئا أثناء تشغيل البناء العادي‬
ً ‫ودائما ما يكون‬
ً ‫جهاز إنارة يعمل فقط أثناء ظروف الطوارئ‬

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 )‫موظفا لكل هكتار صافي‬
ً 125 ‫موظفا لكل فدان صافي (على األقل‬
ً 50 ‫هكتار) بها كثافة وظيفية على األقل‬

spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior ‫ يتكون الجزء شبه‬.)‫جي من عناصر المبنى التي تفصل المناطق المكيفة عن الخارج (مثل مجموعة الحوائط‬
enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated ‫عن المنطقة غير المكيفة أو التي تحيط بمنطقة شبه ساخنة يمكن من خاللها انتقال الطاقة الحرارية إلى أو من‬
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from )‫ العلية والفراغ في السقف والطابق السفلي‬،‫المناطق الخارجية أو المكيفة أو غير المكيفة (على سبيل المثال‬.
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic, ُ


access water and energy usage information that a building ‫ألبنية الخضراء– الحصول على معلومات استخدام المياه والطاقة التي يحتفظ بها فريق إدارة المبنى مع مدير‬
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager ‫ محفظة‬ENERGY STAR ‫أو أداة مماثلة‬
or a similar tool

of its small size, it has novel properties generally not seen in its ‫ راجع‬.‫ فإنها تحتوي على خصائص جديدة ال توجد بشكل عام في نظيرتها األكبر التقليدية‬،‫بب صغر حجمها‬
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, ‫البرنامج الوطني االسترالي لإلبالغ عن المواد الكيميائية الصناعية وتقييمها على‬
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_information_sheets/nis_nanom

environmental product
declaration
of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– ‫ هو بيان بأن العنصر يستوفي المتطلبات البيئية الواردة بالمعيار‬ISO 14021–1999 ‫ و‬ISO 14025–2
2007

atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant ‫ فاالرتشاح هو‬.‫ث التبخر عندما يصبح الماء السائل من التربة أو األسطح النباتية أو المسطحات المائية بخارا‬
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the ً
movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of ‫حركة المياه من خالل النبات ثم فقدانه بعد ذلك على شكل بخار ماء‬.
water vapor.

waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and .‫وأحيان ا منتجات جهة تصنيع أخرى على اعتبارها مخلفات بعد االستهالك في نهاية العمر اإلنتاجي للمنتج‬
ً ‫ه‬
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely ‫متاحا على نطاق‬
ً ‫ يجب أن يكون البرنامج‬،‫ ولكي يتم احتساب ذلك لصالح االعتماد‬.‫جات جديدة من نفس النوع‬
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be ‫ يجب أن تكون مسؤولية المنتج الموسعة متفقة مع المعيار‬،‫ بالنسبة للسجاد‬.‫ واسع‬NSF/ANSI 140–2007

general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof ‫ ويتراوح‬.‫أخضرا قويا يتطلب القليل من الصيانة بعد اإلنشاء‬
ً ‫سقفا‬
ً ‫ و النظام واسع النطاق عادة ما يكون‬.‫ام‬
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in ‫ (مقتبس من وكالة حماية البيئة األمريكية) تعتبر منطقة السطح الخارجي المزروع هي‬.‫ بوصة في العمق‬6 ‫ى‬
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated ‫ بما في ذلك األسطح المغطاة نباتيا والعشبية‬،‫إجمالي مساحة الغطاء النباتي في موقع المشروع‬

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on ‫أيضا باسم العداد المشبك‬
ً ‫ والمعروف‬.‫ى السطح الخارجي ألنابيب المياه لتسجيل حجم مرور المياه من خاللها‬
meter.

measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by ‫ظار السيارات– التي تقاس على أنها إجمالي مساحة أرض المبنى غير السكنية مقسومة على إجمالي مساحة‬
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures. ‫ فإن‬،‫مربعا) من مساحة األرض القابلة للبناء‬ ‫مترا‬
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) ً ً 930( ‫ قدم مربع‬10000 ‫ على موقع مساحته‬،‫سبيل المثال‬
floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet ‫ فإن نسبة مساحة‬،‫ وعلى نفس الموقع‬.‫مربعا) من المساحة أرض المبنى‬
ً ‫مترا‬
ً 930( ‫ قدم مربع‬10000 ‫كون‬
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an ‫ قدم‬20000 ‫ ستكون‬2 ‫ كما أن نسبة مساحة الطابق إلى مساحة األرض التي تبلغ‬،)‫مربعا‬
ً ‫مترا‬
ً 1395( ‫مربع‬
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and )‫مربعا‬
ً ‫مترا‬
ً 465( ‫ قدم مربع‬5000 ‫ هي‬0.5 ‫ا) وستكون نسبة مساحة الطابق إلى مساحة األرض التي تبلغ‬

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be ‫ وقد يتم تخزين المياه المصرفة واستخدامها‬.‫ فقد يلزم وجود مضخة بالوعة‬،‫بنى تحت منسوب المياه الجوفية‬
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for ‫في الري‬.
irrigation.


transfer operations. Freight villages may offer logistics services, ‫ ويمكن لألعمال المتعلقة بالشحن أن توفر خدمات لوجستية وتوزيع متكامل وإ مكانيات‬.‫النقل متعددة الوسائط‬
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, ‫عم هذه األمن والصيانة والبريد والتعامالت البنكية ومساعدة إدارة الجمارك واالستيراد والكافيتريات والمطاعم‬
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms, ‫والمساحات المكتبية وقاعات المؤتمرات والفنادق والمواصالت لألماكن العامة أو مراكز األنشطة‬.

during regular business hours. It does not include any door ‫خصيصا كمخرج للطوارئ أو باب موقف‬
ً ‫ وهي ال تتضمن أي باب مصمم‬.‫وحة أثناء ساعات العمل العادية‬
functional entry
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not ‫سيارات غير مصمم ليكون مدخالً للمشاة‬.

workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas, ‫بما في ذلك المقاعد الفردية والجماعية؛ ومحطات العمل الفسيحة من الداخل والمخصصة للمكاتب؛ والمكاتب‬
bookshelves, filing cabinets, and other case goods; wall-mounted ‫الكتب وخزائن البطاقات وغيرها من خزائن الكتب؛ ومنتجات العرض المرئية المثبتة على جدار (على سبيل‬
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as ‫ مثل الحوامل والعربات المتنقلة والشاشات القائمة بذاتها والهياكل المثبتة‬،‫ض اإللكترونية)؛ والمنتجات المتنوعة‬
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to ‫ مثل الدفاتر المكتبية والصواني وحوامل األشرطة الالصقة وسالل‬،‫ واكسسوارات المكاتب‬.‫بق على المشروع‬
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape ‫ وتُستبعد جميع األدوات الكهربائية مثل المصابيح واألجهزة الصغيرة‬،‫النفايات‬.

grams per brake

metric used to communicate how many grams of emissions (e.g., ‫ أكسيد النيتروجين أو مادة الجسيم) من خالل محرك لتقييم القدرة الحصانية المحددة خالل ساعة‬،‫سبيل المثال‬
nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period ‫واحدة‬

contact with toilet waste. Graywater includes used water from ‫حمامات‬
" ‫ وتشملاـ ـ ــلمياهــ اـ ـ ــلمستخدمة من أـحواـض ا ـ ــالستحمامـ واـ ـ ــلحماماتوأـحواـض غسيلاـ ـ ــل‬.‫عـ مياهــ صـ ــرفاـ ـ ــلمرحاض‬
washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from ‫ وال ت ـ ـ ــتضمنمياهــ اـ ـ ــلصرفاـ ـ ــلصحيمن أـحواـض اـ ـ ــلمطبخ أو اـ ـ ــلصحون‬.‫واـ ـ ــلمياهــ من غسا ـ ــالتاـ ـ ــلمالبسوأـحواـض اـ ـ ــلغسيل‬
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix ‫حماماتاـ ـ ــلصرفاـ ـ ــلممكن إـعادة ت ـ ـ ــدويرها ل ـ ــالستخداـمـ فـ ـ ـ ــيا ـ ــلريل ـ ــلمساكنوحيدة اـ ـ ــلعــائلة‬ ) ‫ض وأـحواـض ا ـ ــالستحمامـ واـ ـ ــل‬
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water ّ
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and‫ي "وغسا ـ ــالتاـ ـ ــلمالبسوأـحواـض اـ ـ ــلغسيل‬ ( ‫( ق ـ ــانون اـ ـ ــلسباكة ا ـ ــلدول‬IPC)،‫ اـ ـ ــلملحق‬C (‫)ج‬،‫دويرها ل ـ ــالستخداـمـ فـ ـ ـ ــيا ـ ــلّري‬
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow ‫ي ومن اـ ـ ــلمحتملأـني ـ ــكون هناك اـختالفاتأـخرى‬ . ‫ـلمطبخ فـ ـ ـ ــيمياهــ اـ ـ ــلصرفاـ ـ ــلممكن إـعادة ت ـ ـ ــدويرها ل ـ ــالستخداـمـ فـ ـ ـ ــيا ـ ــلّر‬
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other ‫اـ ـ ـالمتثا ـ ــلب ـ ـ ــتعــريفمياهــ اـ ـ ــلصرفاـ ـ ــلممكن إـعادة ت ـ ـ ــدويرها ل ـ ــالستخداـمـ فـ ـ ـ ــيا ـ ــلّرياـ ـ ــلموضوع من ق ـ ــبلاـ ـ ــلسلطة صـ ــاحبة‬
teams should comply with the graywater definition established by ‫ا ـ ــالختصاص فـ ـ ـ ــيمنطقة اـ ـ ــلمشروع‬.

environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management ‫ تقوم ُنهُج وتقنيات إدارة البنية التحتية الصديقة‬.‫ي تتسم بكونها أكثر كفاءة في التكلفة ومستدامة وصديقة للبيئة‬
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture )‫(مقتبس من وكالة حماية البيئة األمريكية‬ٌ .‫وإ عادة استخدامها للحفاظ على الهيدرولوجيات الطبيعية واستعادتها‬


green power
produced from renewable energy sources ‫وعة جزئية من الطاقة المتجددة تتألف من الكهرباء المستندة إلى الشبكة والتي تنتج من مصادر طاقة متجددة‬
vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American ‫ من درجات دليل تقييم المركبات السنوي للمجلس األمريكي لكفاءة اقتصاد الطاقة‬45 ‫ق الحد األدنى المقدر بـ‬
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle
rating guide (or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.). ‫)المقامة خارج الواليات المتحدة‬.

greenfield
could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology ‫ مثل المساحة المفتوحة أو الموطن أو هيدرولوجيا طبيعية‬،‫حة لم يتم تطويرها أو تمهيدها أو تنظيمها من قبل‬
the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes ‫والطرق والجدران الحجرية والمقاعد الخشبية والصناعية والطرق الخرسانية والجانبية والخرسانة والطوب‬
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. ‫والبالط والباحات‬.

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, ‫سواء بنفسها أو من خالل التفاعل مع عوامل أخرى‬
ً ،‫ضررا على اإلنسان أو الحيوان أو البيئة‬
ً ‫كن أن تسبب‬

pavement and buildings, and its subsequent radiation to ‫ وقد تشمل العوامل‬.‫ وإ شعاعها الالحق إلى المناطق المحيطة بها‬،‫ والرصيف الغير عاكس والمباني‬،‫ل الظالم‬
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and ‫ تحد البنايات الشاهقة والشوارع الضيقة من تدفق الهواء وتفاقم األثر‬.‫ارات ومكيفات الهواء وأجهزة الشوارع‬

limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, ‫مزود بنقاط وصول محدودة وتحذيرات على السيارات التي تعمل بالطاقة البشرية وسرعاته أعلى من الطرق‬
highway
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects ‫ يربط الطريق السريع بشكل عام بين المدن والبلدات‬.‫المحلية‬.
cities and towns.


be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing ‫ وهو مسجل أو مصمم ليكون مؤهاًل كمبنى أو هيكل تاريخي أو كمبنى أو هيكل مساهم في منطقة‬،‫أو ثقافية‬
historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review ‫ ويجب أن يتم تسجيل الهيكل في سجل الدولة‬،‫مراجعة محلية للمحافظة على المعالم التاريخية أو هيئة مماثلة‬
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of ‫محليا خارج الواليات المتحدة) أو أن يكون قد تم تحديده كمؤهل لإلدراج‬
ً ‫طني لألماكن التاريخية (أو ما يعادله‬

designated or determined to be eligible as historically and ‫ وتصنف على أنها إما مساهمة أو‬،‫ارها أو تصميمها لتصبح مؤهلة كمعلم من المعالم التاريخية أو المعمارية‬
historic district
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or ‫غير مساهمة في الطبيعة التاريخية للمنطقة‬

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically ‫ باستثناء مواد الطالء‬،‫ميكانيكيا‬
ً ‫حدة فقط في جميع مراحله أو مزيج من المواد المتعددة التي ال يمكن أن تفكك‬
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs ‫مجموعة من المزروعات ذات احتياجات مائية مماثلة‬


expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is ‫ فمن المعتاد‬،‫ إذا تميزت المنطقة المشتركة‬.‫ ويعبر عنها بشمعة لكل مساحة وحدة‬،‫طة وموجه في اتجاه معين‬
The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: ‫ ونستخدم لكس إذا كان‬،‫المستخدم للمنطقة‬
ُ ‫ نستخدم القدم الشمعي إذا كان القدم المربع هو‬:‫حدة القياس للمنطقة‬
illuminance
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square ‫المتر المربع هو المستخدم‬. (‫ ُمقتبس من‬IES) ‫ ويتم التعبير عن ذلك بالقدم الشمعي في الواليات المتحدة‬.‫سطح‬
measurement of light striking a surface. It is expressed in )‫(بناء على المتر المربع‬
ً ‫(بناء على القدم المربع) وبوحدة لكس في معظم البلدان األخرى‬.
ً

such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through ‫ وتشمل األمثلة على األسطح غير النافذة األسقف‬.‫يقة تجعل من الصعب على المطر التسلل إلى داخل التربة‬
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been ‫ق الممهدة ومناطق وقوف السيارات واألرصفة والتربة التي تم ضغطها إما عن قصد أو عن طريق االستخدام‬

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should ‫ممكنا‬
ً ‫ن مساحات اإلشغال الفردية ضمن المساحات متعددة اإلشغال وينبغي معاملتها على حدة حيثما كان ذلك‬
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or ‫ ينبغي عدم استخدام المياه المالحة أو اآلكالة ألغراض الري‬.‫ يجب فحص جودتها‬،‫هذه المياه ألغراض الري‬

way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is ‫ ال يشكل الشارع أو حقق المرور‬.‫ متر) من حدود المشروع سابقًا‬800( ‫تثناء حقوق المرور– داخل ½ ميل‬
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on ‫سابق ا؛ فهي تمثل وضع ملكية على الجانب اآلخر من حق المرور أو الشارع المعني‬
ً ‫آلخر األراضي المطورة‬


through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from ‫متحكم فيه إلى مساحات مكيفة من خالل فتحات غير متعمدة في األسقف واألرضيات والجدران من مساحات‬
infiltration
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure ‫غير مكيفة أو من الخارج بسبب اختالفات الضغط التي تحث على التنقية‬. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010)

should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for ‫ ويكون‬.‫ وينبغي أن يكون للسقف البارد ابتعاث حراري عال‬.)‫ة على تشتيت األشعة تحت الحمراء (الحرارة‬
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum ‫ أو‬0.9 ‫ وتعتبر معظم مواد البناء (بما في ذلك الزجاج) مبهمة في هذا الجزء من الطيف وبها انبعاثية‬.‫رومتر‬
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, ‫ يحتوي طالء‬،‫ في المقابل‬.0.9 ‫ على أشعة منخفضة وتعتبر االستئنافات األكثر أهمية بالنسبة للقاعدة‬،‫ن النقي‬
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast, )‫ (مقتبس من مختبر لورنس بيركلي الوطني‬.‫السقف األلمونيوم على مستويات أشعة متوسطة‬

inpatient
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours ‫ ساعة‬23 ‫خل وحدة العناية المركزة أو الطبية أو الجراحية أو مستشفى توليد أو تخصصية لمدة إقامة تتجاوز‬

inpatient unit where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours ‫ ساعة‬23 ‫عناية مركزة أو طبية أو جراحية أو مستشفى والدة وتخصصية يتلقي فيها الفرد الرعاية ألكثر من‬

For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency ‫ يمكن أن تشمل البطاقة الالصقة تحديد الترددات الالسلكية أو حفر في الخشب أو نقوش بارزة أو‬،‫بة لألثاث‬
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of ‫غيرها من العالمات الدائمة التي تتضمن معلومات عن منشأ المواد وخصائصها وتاريخ تصنيعها‬.
manufacture.

integrated pest
management the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns ‫ي صحة اإلنسان والبيئة المحيطة به وتحسن العوائد االقتصادية من خالل الخيار األكثر فعالية واألقل مخاطر‬


‫ تسخر العملية مواهب ورؤى جميع المشاركين لتحسين النتائج وزيادة القيمة للمالك والحد من‬.‫ة) وممارسات‬
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize ‫النفايات وتحقيق أقصى قدر من الكفاءة خالل جميع مراحل التصميم والتصنيع والبناء‬. (‫لمهندسين المعماريين‬

greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including ‫تربة أكبر ويدعم مجموعة متنوعة من النباتات (بما في ذلك الشجيرات واألشجار) ويتيح مجموعة أكبر من‬
intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important ‫ ويجب أن النباتات المحلية أو المكيفة التي يتم اختيارها‬.‫مهم ا في تحديد قيمة الموطن‬
ً ‫الوسيط المتنامي عاماًل‬
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife )‫ (مقتبس من أسقف خضراء لمدن صحية‬.‫للسقف داعمة لسكان الحياة البرية المستوطنة بالموقع‬
all the layers applied over a finished subfloor or stairs, including ‫ والساللم المكونة من درجتين وغيرها من أسطح‬،‫في ذلك درجات السلم واألجزاء القائمة من درجات السلم‬
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, ‫ كما يستبعد التشطيب‬.‫مثل األعمدة أو العوارض أو األخشاب القائمة أو األسقف السفلية أو العناصر المشابهة‬
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives. ‫أيضا الطالء أو المواد الالصقة الرطبة غير الكاملة الدهان‬
ً ‫الداخلي‬.

including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings, ‫ بما في ذلك الحوائط الثابتة والحواجز الثابتة واألعمدة واألسقف المكشوفة والبطانات الخشبية الداخلية‬،‫مباني‬
finish and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish
applied mechanically or for decoration, acoustical correction, ‫آلي ا أو للزينة أو للتصحيح الصوتي أو لمقاومة حرائق السطح أو ألغراض مماثلة‬ ً ‫من التشطيبات المستخدمة‬


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation ‫تباعا نمطين أو أكثر من وسائط النقل دون الحاجة للتعامل مع السلع نفسها‬
ً ‫حن فردية أو سيارة طرق تستخدم‬

aggressively adapts and reproduces. The plant’s vigor combined .‫جنبا إلى جنب مع عدم وجود أعداء في الطبيعة إلى انتشار السكان‬
ً ‫غالبا ما يؤدي نشاط النبات‬
ً .‫يتكاثر بقوة‬
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. )‫(مقتبس من وزارة الزراعة األمريكية‬

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage ‫تكنولوجيا المعلومات ومعدات االتصاالت التي تشمل الخادمات والشبكات ومعدات التخزين على مدار السنة‬
a device emitting light in a fixture, excluding lamp housing and ‫أيضا هذا‬
ً ‫ كما تستوفي الصمامات الثنائية المشعة للضوء المغلفة كمصابيح تقليدية‬.‫ت التيار ومبيت المصباح‬
meet this definition. ‫التعريف‬.

bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three ‫ يتم تحديد عمر المصباح لألضواء الفلورسنتية من خالل اختبار تشغيل لمدة ثالث ساعات مقابل‬.‫ل المصابيح‬
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. ‫ يعتمد عمر المصباح على ما إذا‬.‫ دقيقة‬20 ‫ ساعة مقابل اإلطفاء كل‬11 ‫ يقوم االختبار على التشغيل لمدة‬،‫افة‬
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’ ‫أيضا معروف باسم متوسط العمر المقدر‬
ً ‫ وهو‬.‫ يتم نشر هذه المعلومات في معلومات جهات التصنيع‬.‫مباشر‬


actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in ‫العمل بنشاط للحفاظ على األرض من خالل القيام بالمحافظة على حقوق االرتفاق أو المساعدة فيها أو حيازة‬
land trust
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of )‫استصالح األراضي‬/‫ريق اإلشراف على هذه األراضي أو حقوق االرتفاق (مقتبس من تحالف ضمان األرض‬
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). ‫ الخرسانة والطوب واألسمنت) مخلفات بناء حتى لو‬،‫ تعتبر المواد التي هي من صنع اإلنسان (مثل‬.)‫النباتي‬
considered construction waste even if they were on site. ‫كانوا في الموقع‬.
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month ‫كمية المياه التي تحتاجها منطقة منظر طبيعي (مناظر طبيعية) في شهر ذروة الري بالموقع‬
a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking ‫ حيث يسمح بكميات صغيرة من الرصاص في اللحامات والصهور واألنابيب وتركيبات‬،‫مياه الشرب اآلمنة‬
lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes,
pipe fittings, and well pumps ‫وتجهيزات األنابيب وكذلك المضخات‬

the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets ‫ أو هو مبيد حشري يستوفي المتطلبات الواردة في بروتوكول‬،‫خدام نظام تصنيف المخاطر بسان فرانسيسكو‬
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- ‫ وال يعتبر مبيد‬.‫ته أو كمعالج للتشققات والتصدعات ويُستخدم في مناطق يتعذر لشاغلي المباني الوصول إليها‬
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants. ‫خطرا‬
ً ‫القوارض إطالقًا من المبيدات الحشرية األقل‬.

length of stay
admitted patient ‫مقدار المدة الذي يبقيها شخص في منشأة الرعاية الصحية كمريض مصرح له‬

cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 ‫ على النحو المحدد في المعيار‬،‫ هو تقييم اآلثار البيئية للمنتج من المنشأ حتى التخلص منه‬ISO 14040–20


life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The ‫ وقاعدة البيانات خاصة بدول ومناطق داخل الدول‬.‫المخرجات) لكل خطوة في دورة حياة مادة أو أجزاء آلة‬

upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not ‫ ال يزيد الضوء المبدد من السالمة الليلية أو المرافق أو األمن ويستهلك الطاقة‬.‫ألعلى إلى السماء أو الموقع‬
light pollution
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly ‫داع‬
ٍ ‫دون‬.
consumes energy.
transit service using two- or three-car trains in a right-of-way that ½ ‫ وتميل المسافة بين المحطات إلى أن تكون‬.‫بحق مرور غالبا ما يكون مفصوال عن وسائل النقل األخرى‬
is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between ً ً
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating ‫ وعادة ما تمتد ممرات السكك الحديدية‬.)‫كيلومترا في الساعة‬
ً 90 ‫إلى‬ 65 ‫(من‬ ‫الساعة‬ ‫في‬ ‫ال‬
ً ‫مي‬ 55 ‫ و‬40 ‫ن‬
typically extend 10 or more miles (16 kilometers). )‫كيلومترا‬
ً 16( ‫ أميال أو أكثر‬10 ‫الخفيفة‬.

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause ‫ ويمكن لسطوع الضوء أن يسبب االنزعاج وعدم الراحة أو االرتباك أو ضعف الرؤية‬.‫أو اتجاهية أو طيفية‬

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such ‫ مثل نقص الطاقة أو عدم استقرار النظام أو التحكم في الجهد‬،‫ وعادة ما يتم القيام به أثناء فترات الطوارئ‬.

and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow ‫هوائية يسهل على المقيمين والموظفين الوصول إليه بسهولة ومغطى لحماية الدراجات من األمطار والثلوج‬

training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the ‫ في‬.‫ مثل اإلصالح أو الترقية أو تدريب الموظفين أو إعادة التدريب‬،‫ هو تحسين تشغيلي‬LEED، ‫على أساس‬
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility ‫موارد المنشأة وميزانيات التشغيل‬.


land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff ‫في الموقع لحماية نوعية المياه من خالل تكرار النظام الهيدرولوجي لغطاء األرض الطبيعي من مستجمعات‬
low-impact development close to its source. Examples include better site design principles ‫ تقليل اختالل األراضي والحفاظ على المزروعات وتقليل الغطاء غير‬،‫مثلة أفضل مبادئ لتصميم الموقع (مثل‬
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain ‫ وهناك‬.)‫ألراضي أو األحواض المستنقعة المزروعة واألرصفة المنفذة وتجميع مياه األمطار وتعديالت التربة‬
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered ‫تطبيقات عملية هندسية قد تتطلب مساعدة تصميم متخصصة‬.

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- ‫مكثف التبخير لتحل محل المياه المفقودة عن طريق التبخر أو االنسياب أو التدفق والتسييل أو ألسباب أخرى‬

natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management ‫ وتشمل األمثلة على إدارة مياه األمطار االستراتيجيات التي تنطوي على التبخر الجوي‬.‫هيدرولوجية طبيعية‬
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and ‫والتسرب والجمع و عادة االستخدام‬.
capture and reuse. ‫إ‬
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites ‫ وتشمل منطقة المشروع ويمكن أن تشمل جميع المباني والمواقع المرتبطة خارج حدود مشروع‬.‫سي للموقع‬
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary ‫والتقلص واالستخدام المستقبلي المستدام‬.

mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as ‫ من‬٪40 ‫ كما هو مقاس بنسبة‬1.0 ‫مأخوذ من خانق بدء التيار المباشر الذي يحتوي على عامل خانق يقدر بـ‬
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a ‫ باستثناء مصابيح( عمر المصباح‬T-5، ‫)والتي تستخدم خانق بدء تيار مبرمج‬


include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology ‫ الطاوالت الجراحية؛ عربات تكنولوجية متنقلة وحوامل وسيور؛ مساعدات الرفع والنقل؛ توفير‬،‫ومن أمثلته‬
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and ‫عربات بمقصورة ورفوف؛ وطاوالت على السرير‬.
overbed tables.

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory ‫غالبا على صنابير المرحاض ودش االستحمام‬
ً ‫ يركب‬،‫ وهو بشكل عام جهاز يدوي وتلقائي التشغيل‬،‫ق المياه‬
faucets and showers

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone ‫ت وحافظات ملفات ودفاتر ونشرات وعلب حبوب وورق تغليف وكتالوجات ومجالت ودليل الهاتف والصور‬
books, and photos

modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for ‫ فإن البنود القابلة للنقل ولكنها مثبتة بشكل شبة دائم باستخدام أنظمة لصق‬،‫ في وضع التجزئة‬.‫كوينها بسهولة‬
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building )‫ أو الرفوف المعلقة على حائط‬،‫ الطاولة أو الشاشة المثبتة في األرض بمسامير‬،‫ء أساسية (على سبيل المثال‬
the distance between ground level (or the workplane) and the ‫و خطة العمل) والجزء السفلي من اإلنارة (تركيبات وتجهيزات الضوء)؛ االرتفاع الذي يتم تثبيت اإلنارة فيه‬
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a
luminaire is installed. (Adapted from Light a Home) (Light a Home))
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management ‫العناصر التي يمكن للمستخدمين نقلها دون الحاجة ألدوات أو لمساعدة من مهنى متخصص أو إدارة مرافق‬

multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some ‫ قد يتشارك تجار التجزئة في بعض الخدمات والمناطق المشتركة‬.‫ر المتاجر والمطاعم وغيرها من الشركات‬


NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors ‫ وهو مستخدم من قبل الرابطة الوطنية لموزعي الكهرباء‬،‫خمسة أو ستة أعداد يستخدم لتحديد مصابيح معينة‬

Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and ‫ وقد تطورت األنواع األصلية مع جغرافية وهيدرولوجية ومناخ‬.‫ينة دون تدخل بشري مباشر أو غير مباشر‬
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they ‫ توفر هذه المجتمعات مواطن لمجموعة متنوعة من أنواع‬،‫ ونتيجة لذلك‬.‫جنب ا إلى جنب مع األنواع األخرى‬
ً ‫ر‬
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife ‫أيضا باسم‬
ً ‫ وهي معروفة‬.‫مريكا الشمالية بشكل عام بأنها هي التي ظهرت في القارة قبل االستيطان األوروبي‬
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. ‫النباتات األصلية‬.

substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric .‫لمواد بشكل عام على إمكانيات ضرر على الغالف الجوي أقل بكثير من غازات التبريد الكيميائية المصنعة‬
natural refrigerant
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples ‫ الماء وثاني أكسيد الكربون واألمونيا‬،‫ومن أمثلتها‬.
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil
Conservation Service (NRCS) types and special soil features on the site ‫مسح للتربة في الواليات المتحدة يبين حدود األنواع المختلفة للتربة والميزات الخاصة للتربة في الموقع‬
soils delineation

movement, and balance ‫وظيفة الغطاء األرضي الطبيعي لظهور المياه وتوزيعها وحركتها وتوازنها‬
the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the ‫ وهذه المساحة ال تتضمن المناطق الخاصة بمعدات البناء أو التداول العمودي أو المكونات‬.‫برنامج المشروع‬
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. ‫اإلنشائية‬.


non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals ‫ادات خارجية أو أي منطقة أخرى في مرافق الرعاية الصحية غير المخصصة لألفراد الذين يتلقون الرعاية‬
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards ‫مياه ال تستوفي معايير مياه الشرب‬

activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The ‫مستمرا ويجب أن يستند إلى‬
ً ‫ ويعتبر اإلطار الزمني المقدر بساعة‬.‫وسط أقل من ساعة لكل شخص في اليوم‬
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used ‫ ينبغي أن يستند اإلطار الزمني المقدر بساعة على الوقت الذي يستغرقه‬،‫لمناطق غير المستخدمة بشكل يومي‬
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a ‫الشاغل العادي في المنطقة عندما يكون قيد االستخدام‬.
waste via microbiological processes ‫تركيبات وتجهيزات صحية جافة تحتوي على عمليات ميكروبيولوجية وتعالج النفايات البشرية من خاللها‬

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer ‫ي على تدفق مياه بمحبس يحتوي على طبقة من سائل منتعش يطفو فوق البول ويمنع الروائح وغاز المجاري‬
gas and odors

and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. ‫ وال يتم التحكم في جهاز‬.‫ وتتضمن األمثلة إضاءة العمل ومفتاح كهربائي للفتح والستائر‬.‫مباشرة واستخدامه‬
occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system ‫استشعار درجة الحرارة أو أجهزة استشعار الصورة أو نظام التحكم المركزي من قبل الشاغل‬.

spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as ‫ مثل غرف التخزين وغرف المعدات التي يتم إشغالها في‬،‫المناطق المخصصة في األساس ألغراض أخرى‬
occupiable space
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only ‫( المناسبات فقط ولفترات قصيرة‬ASHRAE 62.1–2010)


storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied ‫ مثل غرف التخزين وغرف المعدات التي يتم إشغالها فقط في‬،‫طق المخصصة في األساس ألغراض أخرى‬
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied ‫ وعلى أنها مناطق إشغال‬،‫بناء على مدة اإلشغال‬
ً ‫ضا على أنها مناطق مشغولة بصفة منتظمة أو غير منتظمة‬ ً
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or ‫بناء على تركيز الشاغلين في المنطقة‬
ً ‫ وعلى أنها مكتظة بالشاغلين أو غير مكتظة‬،‫بناء على عدد الشاغلين‬
ً ‫ي‬
replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner .‫ ومن أمثلته الورق وخراطيش الحبر والمجلدات والبطاريات واإلكسسوارات المكتبية‬.‫اق األعمال التجارية‬
ongoing consumable
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as ‫وهي معروفة أيضا باسم المشتريات الجارية‬.
ongoing purchases. ً

treatment generated on the project site ‫نقل وتخزين ومعالجة وتصريف مياه الصرف الناتجة في موقع المشروع‬

more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and ‫ وال يعتبر األسفلت المسامي أو الخرساني شبكة مفتوحة‬.‫ن من شبكة أو حزام سليم أكثر من الناحية الهيكلية‬
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered
bounded materials. Unbounded, loose substrates do not transfer ‫ كما أن الركائز غير الثابتة وغير المحدودة ال تنقل وال تخزن الحرارة مثل المواد المضغوطة‬.‫مواد محدودة‬

operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation ‫جداول الصيانة وأساليب التوثيق الالزمة إلثبات العمليات والصيانة الصحيحة لجهاز أو نظام تحكم لالنبعاثات‬
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and ‫المعتمدة‬

network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to ‫ ولها‬،‫ باإلضافة إلى أنها توفر األضواء التي توفر اإلنارة للشوارع بفعالية‬،‫أيض ا معالم مزخرفة‬
ً ‫والتي تخدم‬
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a ‫مظهر مزخرف أو معلم تاريخي‬


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis ‫ ساعة أو أكثر ولكنه يزور مستشفى أو عيادة أو مرفق رعاية صحية مرتبط به للتشخيص أو العالج‬24 ‫مدة‬
or treatment

owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the ‫وثيقة خطية توضح تفاصيل األفكار والمفاهيم والمعايير التي يحددها المالك بأنها مهمة لنجاح المشروع‬
project

patient position
where a patient receives clinical care ‫مريض أو كرسي نقل السوائل أو سرير غرفة اإلفاقة أو أي مكان آخر يتلقى فيه المريض الرعاية السريرية‬

peak demand period of time ‫الحد األقصى لحمولة الكهرباء عند نقطة زمنية محددة أو على مدى فترة زمنية‬

and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region ‫ الشهر الذي ربما تحتاج فيه النباتات في منطقة أكبر كمية تكميلية للمياه وعادة ما يكون ذلك في منتصف‬.‫ار‬
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- )‫ (مبادرة المواقع المستدامة‬.‫الصيف‬

permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples ‫ أرفف المعامل والحواجز الثابتة والحواجز المرتفعة بشكل كامل أو‬،‫ ومن أمثلته‬.‫رة المهن والمرافق الخاصة‬
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or ‫جزئي غير الشفافة والقابلة للفك وبعض شاشات العرض واألجهزة‬.
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive ‫ثم تكون الطاقة أقل تكلفة‬
َّ ‫ ومن‬،‫الك الطاقة لساعات خارج أوقات الذروة عندما يكون الطلب على الطاقة أقل‬

permeable pavement ground ‫سطح ممهد يتيح جريان المياه لتتسرب إلى األرض‬


environment because it remains in the environment for long ‫ ويمكنها االنتقال‬،‫ حيث تتطور إلى سلسلة غذائية‬،‫بيئة ألنها تبقى في البيئة لفترات طويلة وتزيد في تركيزها‬
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these ‫ راجع موقع وكالة حماية البيئة‬.‫وضرر ا على النظم البيئية كلما بقيت في األرض‬
ً ‫ه المواد أن تصبح أكثر قوة‬
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent ‫ األميركية للتعرف على مركبات السموم الحيوية المتراكمة مستمرة المفعول‬www.epa.gov/pbt/.
an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to ‫ (مقتبس من دليل المحافظة على البيئة ألماكن الرعاية الصحية للموجز‬.‫على الفوائد الصحية للبيئة الطبيعية‬
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief) )‫التقني للراحة‬

plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. ‫التيار الكهربائي التي تستهلكه جميع المعدات التي يتم توصيلها إلى النظام الكهربائي عبر مقبس الحائط‬.
‫ مصاصة‬،‫ ونشارة قطع الخشب‬،‫ وتتضمن األمثلة نشارة كشط األخشاب‬.‫كنسبة مئوية للمادة من حيث الوزن‬
postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can ‫ ويستثني التعيين مواد إعادة العمل أو إعادة الطحن أو مواد‬.‫ والمخزونات المتقادمة‬،‫رفة والمطبوعات الزائدة‬
content
‫( الخردة القابلة لالستصالح ضمن نفس العملية التي أنتجتها وفقًا للمعيار‬ISO 14021). ‫توى قبل االستهالك‬

drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the ‫ة لجودة مياه الشرب (أو ما يعادلها محليا خارج الواليات المتحدة) والمصرح بها لالستهالك البشري من قبل‬
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local ً
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or ‫آبارا أو أنظمة مياه بلدية‬
ً ‫مصدرها‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫قد‬ ‫االختصاص؛‬ ‫صاحبة‬ ‫المحلية‬ ‫الدولة أو السلطات‬


unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any ‫( الطاقة الكهربائية لجهاز يوزع الطاقة على معدات تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬IT) ‫مخرجات وحدة توزيع الطاقة‬
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as ‫ إذا كان‬.‫ مثل المراوح‬،‫التحتي الملحقة بخالف تكنولوجيا المعلومات والمثبتة في رفوف تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row ‫ وحدات تكييف هواء غرفة الكمبيوتر ومناوالت هواء غرفة الكمبيوتر والمبردات‬،‫علومات (على سبيل المثال‬
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the ‫ ينبغي أن يتسق نهج القياس مع القياس المطلوب لفئة كفاءة استخدام الطاقة‬.‫اءة مخرجات وحدة توزيع الطاقة‬
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) (‫ من فئات كفاءة استخدام الطاقة‬3‫ و‬2‫ و‬1 ‫ قياس االستهالك المستمر للفئة‬،‫)على سبيل المثال‬.
effectiveness (PUE)
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment ‫ هو مقدار الطاقة التي تستخدمها األجهزة الحاسوبية بخالف التبريد وغيرها من التكاليف غير المباشرة‬،‫حديد‬
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications ‫ وهي ال تتضمن المعدات المستخدمة في األوضاع الرطبة‬.‫صقل األرضيات التي تعمل بالطاقة والبطاريات‬

Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, ‫ مصاصة‬،‫ ونشارة قطع الخشب‬،‫ وتتضمن األمثلة نشارة كشط األخشاب‬.‫كنسبة مئوية للمادة من حيث الوزن‬
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap ‫ ويستثني التعيين مواد إعادة العمل أو إعادة الطحن أو مواد‬.‫ والمخزونات القديمة‬،‫خرفة والمطبوعات الزائدة‬
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that ‫وفقا للمعيار‬
ً ‫( الخردة القابلة لالستصالح ضمن نفس العملية التي أنتجتها‬ISO 14021). ‫توى قبل االستهالك‬
content.


(exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For ‫ فهي تشير إلى‬،‫ بخصوص مواقف سيارات الموظف‬.)‫ى (باستثناء المساحات المخصصة لألشخاص المعاقين‬
preferred parking
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the ‫جدا من المدخل المستخدم من قبل الموظفين‬
ً ‫النقاط القريبة‬.

service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a ‫خصيصا‬
ً ‫ سنة تعتبر مصممة‬30 ‫ المادة ذات العمر االفتراضي‬،‫ على سبيل المثال‬.‫شغيلي عمرها التصميمي‬
premature obsolescence years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially ‫ تُستخدم المكونات التي يكون عمرها التشغيلي مماثل‬،‫ في المقابل‬.‫ سنة الباقية من عمرها التشغيلي‬15 ‫جيا في‬
ً
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as ‫الستخدامها المتوقع بأقصى إمكاناتها‬.

(alterations may exist now or in the past). Land that is not ‫حاليا أو في وقت‬
ً ‫ضي التي عادة ما تتطلب رخصة تنظيمية ليتم البدء في العمل (قد تكون التغييرات موجودة‬
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or ‫ أو االستخدام الزراعي أو‬،‫ظر الطبيعية التي يتم تحويلها عن طريق إزالة األشجار أو الردم الحالي أو السابق‬
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or
preserved natural area use are considered undeveloped land. The ‫ ولكن إصدار التصريح في‬،‫ كما أن تاريخ إصدار تصريح التطوير السابق يشكل تاريخ التطوير السابق‬.‫طورة‬
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not ‫حد ذاته ال يشكل التطوير السابق‬.

previously developed site developed land ‫ على األقل من أراضي مسبقة التطوير‬٪75 ‫موقع كان يتكون قبل هذا المشروع من‬


characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed ‫ كما‬،‫والكيميائية إلنتاج الغذاء والعلف والكأل واأللياف ومحاصيل البذور الزيتية والمتاحة لهذه االستخدامات‬
Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation ‫ للحصول على‬.)‫عية بوزارة الزراعة األمريكية (وهي منهجية أمريكية تضع معايير للتربة ذات إنتاجية عالية‬
prime farmland Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly ‫ القسم‬،699 ‫ إلى‬400 ‫ الصفحات من‬،6 ‫ المجلد‬،7 ‫ العنوان‬،‫ راجع قانون اللوائح الفيدرالية األمريكية‬،‫رئيسية‬
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, 657.5.

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water ‫عن طريق عداد إمدادات المياه العامة أو جزء من نظام المياه في الموقع الذي يحتفظ به فريق إدارة المباني‬

and maintaining comfort and amenities for building occupants of a ‫ وقد تشمل أجهزة‬.‫و تجارية بخالف تكييف المناطق والحفاظ على وسائل الراحة واالسترخاء لشاغلي المبنى‬
process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food ‫ وغيرها من أجهزة الدعم الرئيسية‬،‫التبريد والطهي و عداد الطعام وغسل المالبس‬. (‫ مجتمع‬ASHRAE)
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances. ‫إ‬
(ASHRAE)
load of process energy (ASHRAE) ‫( الحمل الموجود على مبنى نتيجة استهالك أو إطالق طاقة عملية‬ASHRAE)

such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to ‫ مثل غسل‬،‫ ويمكن أيضا الرجوع إلى المياه المستخدمة في العمليات التشغيلية‬.‫التبريد والغاليات والمبردات‬
process water
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes ‫الصحون وغسل المالبس وتكوين الثلج‬.


ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled ‫ يتم تحديد وحدة المنتج عن طريق المتطلبات التشغيلية‬.‫أو كمكون لعنصر آخر تم تجميعه في الموقع‬
for use in the project; this includes the physical components and ‫ يمكن أن‬،‫ باإلضافة إلى ذلك‬،.‫ت الالزمة لخدمة الوظيفة المقصودة من المنتج المثبت بشكل دائم في المبنى‬

consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To ‫ وصلة تفتيش على‬15 ‫ يتعين على العامة اعتبار أن هذا النظام يجب أن يضم‬.‫ل أنابيب أو وسائل نقل أخرى‬
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted )‫(مقتبس من وكالة حماية البيئة األمريكية‬
ٌ .‫فردا على األقل‬
ً 25 ‫األقل أو يخدم بانتظام‬

use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other ‫ وعادة ما يخزن البئر التجميعي أو الصهريج المياه؛ وتشمل المكونات األخرى سطح تجميع المياه ونظام‬.‫فيد‬
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance ‫ ويمكن استخدام مياه األمطار المجمعة في أغراض الري‬.‫النقل‬.

concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., ‫ حمض‬،‫ج والجبس ومواد البناء والمعادن والمواد المعاد تدويرها (مثل البالستيك والمعادن) والنفط (البترول‬
raw material
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse ‫مياه الصرف الصحي التي تمت معالجتها وتنقيتها إلعادة استخدامها‬

Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and ‫وفقا لوثيقة المنظمة الدولية للمعايير‬
ً ‫ يتم تعريف المحتوى المعاد تدويره‬ISO 14021 – ‫ضع العالمات البيئية‬
recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II )‫من النوع الثاني‬

moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the ‫ مم تعتبر غطاء نباتي مرجعي‬120 ‫ كما أن المروج الخضراء ذات ارتفاع‬.‫حدد مع عدم وجود قيود للرطوبة‬

Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey ‫ أو‬،)‫ح التربة التي أجرتها دائرة الحفاظ على الموارد الطبيعية (أو مسح محلي معادل خارج الواليات المتحدة‬
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil ‫ بخصوص مواقع المشروع التي ال تحتوي‬.‫على نباتات أصلية وتضاريس وقوام تربة مماثل لموقع المشروع‬
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing ‫ربة األصلية البكر داخل منطقة المشروع والتي تدعم األنواع النباتية المحلية المماثلة لتلك المنطقة المخصصة‬
the project’s region that support appropriate native plant species ‫للمشروع الجديد‬.
without substantial alteration of its form. Refurbishing involves ،‫ أو االستعادة أو تحسين مظهر أو أداء أو جودة أو وظيفة‬،‫ ويشمل التجديد الترميم أو اإلصالح‬.‫ير في شكله‬
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a ‫أو قيمة المنتج بوجه عام‬.
product.

as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a ‫جلوسا أو وقوفًا بسبب العمل أو الدراسة أو إجراء أنشطة مكثفة أخرى‬
ً )‫اعة للشخص في اليوم في المتوسط‬
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces ‫ وبخصوص المناطق غير المستخدمة بشكل‬.‫ويجب أن يستند إلى الوقت الذي يستغرقه الشاغل العادي للمنطقة‬
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based ‫اإلطار الزمني المقدر بساعة على الوقت الذي يستغرقه الشاغل العادي في المنطقة عندما يكون قيد االستخدام‬
use.


include the main building entrance as well as any building ‫مدخل الرئيسي للمبنى باإلضافة إلى أي ممرات دخول للمبنى ملحقة بمباني وقوف السيارات أو أماكن وقوف‬
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical ‫ وال تشمل المداخل غير القياسية ومخارج الطوارئ والقاعات والوصالت بين ملتقى الممرات‬.‫مناطق خارجية‬
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between ‫والمناطق الداخلية‬.

regulated load
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 ‫ أي استخدام نهائي لمبنى به متطلبات إلزامية أو تقادمية في المعيار‬ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1–2010

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as ‫جديدا‬
ً ‫ ومن المتوقع أن يعمل المنتج المعاد تصنيعه كما لو كان‬.‫صر تم إصالحه أو تعديله وإ عادته إلى الخدمة‬
if it were new.
energy sources that are not depleted by use. Examples include ‫ باإلضافة إلى الطاقة‬، )‫ والطاقة المائية البسيطة (ذات التأثير المنخفض‬،‫ل األمثلة الطاقة من الشمس والرياح‬
renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower,
plus geothermal energy and wave and tidal systems. ‫الحرارية األرضية وأنظمة الموجة والمد والجزر‬.

renewable energy credit was generated from a renewable resource. RECs are sold ‫ وهي تباع بشكل منفصل عن الكهرباء نفسها حتى تتيح شراء الطاقة الخضراء‬.‫تم توليدها من مورد متجدد‬
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of ‫تقليديا‬ ‫لمستخدم الكهرباء المولدة‬.
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. ً

their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials ‫ وتشمل إعادة‬.‫ثم تمديد عمر المواد التي سيتم التخلص منها إذا لم يتم إعادة استخدامها‬
َّ ‫ ومن‬،‫ة ذات صلة بها‬
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or ‫أيضا باإلنقاذ‬
ً ‫ وتُعرف هذه العملية‬.‫إصالح وإ عادة توظيف المواد المستردة من مواقع اإلنشاء أو البناء الحالية‬

reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design ‫وباقيا في التصميم النهائي‬
ً ‫موجودا في الحالة المسبقة‬
ً ‫حة اإلجمالية لهيكل البناء واألساس والغالف الذي كان‬

required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue ‫غالبا درجة العائد (االيراد) ألن قياساته تؤدي مباشرة‬
ً ‫ يسمى عداد المرافق العامة‬.‫عليها المواصفة أو القانون‬
revenue-grade meter
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the ‫إلى رسوم على العميل‬.
customer.

car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include ‫ والتي يجب‬،‫ ويمكن أن تشمل وسائل النقل التي تعمل بالطاقة البشرية‬.‫صغيرة تسع أربعة أشخاص على األقل‬
rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, ‫س ركاب مغلقة وخدمة أعطال طرق ثابتة وسعر أجرة ثابت وتشغيل منتظم وقدرة على اصطحاب العديد من‬
fixed route service, fixed fare structure, regular operation, and the ‫الركاب‬.

salvaged material construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include ‫ تتضمن المواد المستعادة الشائعة الجسور واألعمدة الهيكلية واألرضيات واألبواب واألثاث‬.‫ومعاد استخدامه‬
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and ‫المنزلي والطوب والمواد الزخرفية‬.
decorative items.

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. ‫ وتشمل األمثلة مجالس إدارات المدارس والحكومات‬.‫رسية والمناطق والموظفين والتمويل والتنمية المستقبلية‬
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious ‫المحلية والمؤسسات الدينية‬.
institutions.

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site ‫ مثل االنبعاثات الناجمة عن حرق الوقود االحفوري في الموقع‬،‫من مصادر مملوكة أو مدارة من قبل منشأة‬


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through ‫التبريد أو البخار خارج الموقع من خالل مزود مرافق عامة الستهالك المنشأة‬/‫باء التي تم شراؤها أو التدفئة‬

sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis ‫ على األقل من فترة التحليل‬٪50 ‫ لوكس لنسبة‬300 ‫جميع أنحاء منطقة التحليل التي تستوفي أو تتجاوز قيمة‬
period

connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical ‫( حمل تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬IT) ‫ تسجل مدخالت الخادم الكهربائية‬.‫ولوجيا المعلومات بنظام الطاقة الكهربائية‬
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT )‫ المراوح المحمولة على الرف‬،‫سائر في توزيع الطاقة واألحمال غير تكنولوجيا المعلومات (على سبيل المثال‬

service life
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment ‫طول المدة الزمنية المفترضة لمبنى أو منتج أو أجزاء آلة أن تعمل ألغراض تقييم دورة الحياة‬

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks ‫مكان تجمع أو مكان يعمل فيه شاغلي المهام المتداخلة أو التعاونية‬

shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. ‫ ويحيط بالمساحة الهيكلية سور المبنى ولكن تترك باقي المنطقة دون إنهاء‬.‫ة ليتم تجهيزها للتوسع المستقبلي‬

short-term bicycle storage of two hours or less. ‫مكان مفتوح لوقوف الدراجات الهوائية يستخدم عادة من قبل الزوار لمدة ساعتين أو أقل‬.

simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to (‫ـيضا ب ـ ـ ــاسمـ "ت ـ ـ ــحليلطاقة ن ـ ــموذج ك ــتلة ب ـ ـ ــناء‬
ً ‫ـ ـا ـ ـ ـلتوزيعـ اـ ـ ــلمحتملال ــستهالك اـ ـ ــلطاقة بـ ـ ـ ـاـ ـ ــلمبنىويستخدمـ )"ُيـ ـ ـعــرفأ‬
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis ‫ ويستخدمـ ت ـ ـ ــحليلاـ ـ ــلمربعـ ا ـ ـ ـلبسيط ش ـ ــكلا ـ ـ ـلبناء ا ـ ـ ـلتخطيطيا ـ ــألساسي‬.‫ل ـ ــتقييمـ اـستراـتيجياتطاقة اـ ـ ــلمشروع اـ ـ ــلكامنة‬.


assessments typically help determine whether contamination has ‫ تساعد تقييمات الموقع عادة في تحديد ما إذا كان قد حدث‬.‫ذلك بناياته وجيولوجيته و دراسة موارده المائية‬
site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of ‫ وتعتمد قرارات المعالجة على المعلومات الناتجة خالل عمليات تقييم الموقع‬.‫ومدى تركيز تسرب أي ملوثات‬

considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The ‫ ويتم‬.‫ وتراعي الخطة التوسع واالنكماش واالستخدام المستقبلي المستدام‬.‫يحتمل أن يرتبط) بالمباني والمواقع‬
site master plan
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if ‫ضيح المخطط الرئيسي للموقع عادة بخطط البناء (إن وجدت) ورسومات الموقع للمراحل والتنمية المخطط لها‬

hospital administrative offices could be moved so that this soft ‫ قد يكون من‬،‫ وفي المقابل‬.‫كن نقل المكاتب اإلدارية لمستشفى بحيث تتحول هذه المساحة البسيطة إلى مختبر‬
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to ‫الصعب نقل مختبر يحتوي على معدات متخصصة وبنية تحتية‬.
relocate.

softscape elements ‫عناصر مكونة من منظر طبيعي يحتوي على عناصر حية وبستانية‬

shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- ‫حتوي على مشتركين متصلين بشبكة حاصلين على اعتماد الستخدام مصادر الطاقة المتجددة باستخدام قياس‬
renewable energy system connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) ‫ مقتبس من( صافي افتراضي‬solargardens.org)


(titanium dioxide) has a solar reflectance of 1. The standard ‫؛ بينما يحتوي الطالء األبيض (ثاني أكسيد‬0 ‫ يحتوي الطالء األسود على انعكاس شمسي‬.1 ‫ إلى‬0 ‫قياس من‬
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the ‫ ثم يتم تحديد متوسط االنعكاس عن‬.‫ده قياسات طيفية باستخدام مجال تكامل لتحديد االنعكاس لكل طول موجي‬
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then ‫ كما هو موثق في المعيارين‬،‫ وذلك باستخدام الطيف الشمسي القياسي‬،‫ طريق عملية توسيط‬ASTM E903 ‫و‬

defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance َّ ُ‫ وي‬.‫عكس اإلشعاع الشمسي وانبعاث اإلشعاع الحراري‬
‫حدد بحيث يكون السطح األسود المعياري (االنعكاس‬
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a ‫ االبتعاث‬،0.80 ‫ والسطح األبيض المعياري (االنعكاس الشمسي األولي‬،0 ‫شر االنعكاس الشمسي األولي هو‬
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a ‫ يجب الحصول على انعكاسها الشمسي وابتعاثها‬،‫ ولحساب مؤشر االنعكاس الشمسي لمادة معينة‬.100 ‫ي هو‬
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is ‫( الحراري عن طريق معيار المجلس لتقييم السطح البارد‬CRRC -1). ‫وفقا للمعيار‬ ً ‫ؤشر االنعكاس الشمسي‬
calculated according to ASTM E 1980. Calculation of the aged SRI is ‫الشمسي محدد المدة على القيم المختبرة محددة المدة لالنعكاس الشمسي واالبتعاث الحراري‬.
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a ‫وضوحا وتوجيهًا متسقًا للترددات الصوتية لجميع الشاغلين في المنطقة‬
ً ‫جموعة من المعايير المنتظمة تضمن‬
space

a decrease in the amount of unnecessary material brought into a ‫ يعتبر شراء منتجات ذات تعبئة وتغليف أحد‬،‫ على سبيل المثال‬.‫إلى مبنى بغرض إنتاج قدر أقل من النفايات‬
source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. ‫استراتيجيات انخفاض المصدر‬.

area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across ‫ وعادة ما‬،‫ ويعرف بأنه النسبة المئوية لمنطقة التحليل (المنطقة التي تُجري فيها الحسابات‬.‫ي البيئات الداخلية‬
an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level ‫ى إنارة اإلضاءة الطبيعية لجزء محدد من ساعات التشغيل في السنة (أي قيمة اإلضاءة الطبيعية المكانية وفقًا‬
for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the
(sDA)
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, ‫ كما هو الحال في‬،‫ يتم تضمين مستوى اإلنارة والجزء الزمني كالحقة سفلية‬.)2011 ‫رت وواكينهورست في‬
subscripts, as in sDA300,50%. The sDA value is expressed as a (‫بالنسبة المئوية للمنطقة )التحكم الذاتي في اإلضاءة الطبيعية المكانية‬.
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) ‫( الحالة التي يكون الكالم فيها غير مفهوم للمستمعين العابرين‬ANSI T1.523–2001)

speech spectra human speech ‫توزيع الطاقة الصوتية بوصفها وظيفة تردد لكالم اإلنسان‬

stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, ‫ وتكون سرعات‬،‫ وتكون المسافة بين المحطات قصيرة بشكل موحد وتكون المسافة بين المحطات ¼ ميل‬.‫ة‬
streetcar and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). )‫ كم‬8 ‫ إلى‬3( ‫ كم‬5 ‫ إلى‬2 ‫ وعادة ما تمتد خطوط الترام من‬.)‫ كم في الساعة‬50 ‫ إلى‬15( ‫ ميل في الساعة‬3

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and ‫ الجدران والسقوف واألرضيات) وهي تعتبر سليمة وغير خطرة من الناحية الهيكلية‬،‫عمودية أو أفقية (مثل‬
nonhazardous


the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance ‫ كما أنه عبارة عن‬،‫ وهو يوسع نطاق توثيق التشغيل والصيانة التقليدية‬.‫يانة األنظمة والمكونات داخل المبنى‬
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project ‫ مثل متطلبات مالك المشروع وكتيبات التشغيل والصيانة وتسلسل التشغيل‬،‫ددة التي تنشأ خالل عملية التكليف‬
of operation.

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, ‫حجم الجريان السطحي لألمطار ومعدل ذروة التصريف والرسم المائي وكميات التخزين التي وضعتها دائرة‬
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA ‫المحافظة على التربة بوزارة الزراعة األمريكية السابقة‬

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted )‫عثة من عينة إلى تلك المنبعثة من مشع أسود في نفس درجة الحرارة (مقتبس من مجلس تقييم السقف البارد‬
value measured after three years of weather exposure ‫ مؤشر االنعكاس الشمسي‬SRI ‫ أو االنعكاس الشمسي‬SR ‫ي يتم قياسه بعد ثالث سنوات من التعرض للطقس‬

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time ‫ورسوما أقل خالل الفترات التي تكون خارج أوقات الذروة‬
ً ‫وما أعلى الستخدام المرافق خالل فترات الذروة‬
ً
periods

undercover parking under a building ‫مخزن للسيارات تحت األرض أو تحت سطح سفينة أو تحت سقف أو تحت مبنى‬


output does not include efficiency losses from the unit itself but ‫( الكهرباء التي توفرها وحدة تحافظ على عمل معدات تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬IT) ‫غير المنقطع خسائر الكفاءة‬
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include ‫ وقد تشمل األجهزة الملحقة خالف تكنولوجيا‬.‫ مثل وحدات توزيع الطاقة الكهربائية‬،‫ع الكهربائية تحتية التدفق‬
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS ‫مورد الطاقة غير المنقطع‬
ِّ ‫ إذا كان نظام‬.‫ مثل المراوح‬،‫( المعلومات المثبتة في أرفف تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬U
system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air-
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), ‫مورد الطاقة غير المنقطع‬
ّ ‫ يجب قياس ذلك االستخدام وطرحه من قراءة إخراج‬،)‫ والمبردات المصطفة‬،‫يوتر‬
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the (UPS). ‫( ويجب أن تكون طريقة القياس متوافقة مع القياس المطلوب لفئة كفاءة استهالك الطاقة‬PUE) (‫من‬
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category ‫)فئات كفاءة استهالك الطاقة‬.
3).

Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing ‫ البطاريات والمبيدات الحشرية والمعدات التي تحتوي على زئبق والمصابيح‬،‫ ومن أمثلتها‬.‫هولة وبشكل شائع‬
universal waste
equipment, and light bulbs. See ‫ انظر‬.‫ الكهربائية‬epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm.

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied ‫عرضيا‬
ً ‫ وتعتبر منطقة لألجهزة غير مشغولة إال إذا كان اصالح المعدات‬.‫و التخزين وليس األنشطة البشرية‬

energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or ‫( نظام التدفئة أو التبريد أو نظام التحكم المرتبط بنظام طاقة المنطقة‬DES) ‫ وتشمل محطة الطاقة‬.‫بالمنطقة‬
interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution ‫ع محطة تحويل الطاقة الحرارية وجميع معدات النقل والتوزيع المرتبطة بنقل الطاقة الحرارية لمبنى أو موقع‬
upstream equipment
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the ‫المشروع‬.


contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) ‫ على األقل من مكوناتها (باستثناء الماء والملح) دون مواد كيميائية أو صناعية أو‬٪95 ‫المنتجات التي يُنتج‬
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved ‫باقية من مواد غير زراعية مصرح بها من وزارة الزراعة في الواليات المتحدة أو منتجات زراعية ال تتوفر‬
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not ‫تجاريا في شكل عضوي‬.
ً

occur on a vertical plane. ‫ي أو التي تكون على المستوى العمودي‬

exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the ‫ يجب أن تسمح الواجهات الزجاجية برؤية صورة واضحة من الخارج ويجب أال تُحجب بمواد الفريت‬.‫داخل‬
vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned ‫أو األلياف أو الزجاج المزخرف أو الصبغات المضافة التي تشوه توازن اللون‬.

destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable ‫ في بيئة آمنة ومريحة على شبكة مستمرة من األرصفة أو ممرات المشاة ذات‬،‫صول إلى الوجهات دون إعاقة‬
walking distance
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. ‫ ويجب االنتباه إلى أن تكون مسافة السير من المدخل سهلة الوصول لجميع مستخدمي‬.‫عادلها من مرافق مشاة‬
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is ‫المبنى‬.

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and ‫ وتشمل أمثلته إعادة االستخدام وإ عادة التدوير‬.‫من النفايات بأساليب أخرى بخالف الحرق أو نقلها إلى مكب‬
recycling.

electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including ‫ بما في ذلك الحرق‬،‫ى كهرباء أو وقود أو حرارة صالحة لالستعمال من خالل مجموعة متنوعة من العمليات‬
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and ‫( والتغويز(التحويل الى غاز) والتحلل الحراري والتحلل الالهوائي واستعادة غاز المكب‬LFG)

the surface water of a stream (first-order and higher, including ‫ وال‬.‫ذلك المجاري المائية المتقطعة) أو التيار المائي أو النهر أو القناة أو بحيرة أو مصب أو خليج أو محيط‬
water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or
ocean. It does not include irrigation ditches. ‫يتضمن قنوات الري‬.

required by the building and associated grounds. The budget takes ‫ تأخذ الميزانية الطلبات على مياه التجهيز الداخلية والخارجية والعملية بعين‬.‫ا البناء واألراضي المرتبطة بها‬
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets ‫ وكذلك بكمية المياه مثل كيلوجالون‬،‫ كأسبوع أو شهر أو سنة‬،‫ب أن ترتبط ميزانيات المياه بفترة زمنية محددة‬
must be associated with a specified amount of time, such as a ‫أو لتر‬.

wet meter passing water ‫جهاز مثبت داخل أنابيب المياه لتسجيل كمية المياه المارة‬

at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under ‫وفية بشكل متكرر لمدة كافية لدعم ( الدعم في الظروف العادية) النتشار غطاء نباتي متكيف عادة للحياة في‬
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands ‫ ولكنها تستبعد قنوات الري إال إذا تم تحديدها كجزء من‬،‫ المستنقعات والبرك واألهوار والمناطق المماثلة‬،‫عام‬
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent ‫األراضي الرطبة المجاورة‬.
wetland.

Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm ‫ الخيزران والنخيل (الفلقة) وكذلك األخشاب الصلبة (كاسيات البذور) واألخشاب‬،‫ وتشمل األمثلة‬.‫لى الغابات‬
wood
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods )‫المرنة (عاريات البذور‬
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation ‫المناظر الطبيعية التي ال تتطلب الري المعتاد‬

a vehicle used primarily to facilitate the movement of truck trailers ‫ وال تتضمن شاحنات الرافعة‬.‫رها من أنواع حاويات الشحن الكبيرة من منطقة بالموقع إلى منطقة أخرى‬
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as ‫رار ساحة وفناء الشحن أو جرار الخدمات العامة أو شاحنات الجر العمالقة أو الشاحنات العمالقة‬
hustler.

the site limits ‫الموقع‬

Term (English) Definition (English) German

abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just verlassene Liegenschaft

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do eingebürgerte Pflanzen

added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments Behandlung mit Bioziden

adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of benachbartes Grundstück
calculation.


alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and Abdeckfolie
(ADC)
low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, umweltverträglicher

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and Treibstoff
ethanol

alternative
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, Wassergewinnung
systems (IgCC).

annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an jährliche
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance Sonneneinstrahlung

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar Dacheinbauten
energy panels.


assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a Produkt aus
unterschiedlichen
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) Materialien
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school Einzugsbereich
students attend based on where they live

durchschnittliche LED
average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– Beleuchtungsstärke
2007

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., Basisgebäude
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for Referenzgebäude
performance comparison with above-standard design
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer Istzustand
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- Referenzwasserverbrauch -

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared Entwurfsphase

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental Enwurfsvorgaben


bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) Fahrradnetz
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and Fahrradfahrstrecke

bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, natürliche Materialien

blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the Abwasser

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of Abschlämmung
dissolved solids

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a Brownfield


of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA Leuchteffektbewertung
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former (BUG)
cutoff ratings.

buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way bebaubare Fläche

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant Gebäudehülle
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane Gebäudeinneres

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the Busspursystem

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere Kohlenstoffausgleich

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of Produktkette


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, Entwurfsworkshop

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher Flurchlorkohlenwasserstoffh
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause altige Kühlmittel (FCKW)

civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the Dämmerung

Unterrichtsraum
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and unbedenklicher Müll
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the transparente Verglassung


closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use geschlossener Kühlkreislauf

color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting Farbwiedergabeindex
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option Dampf-Austrittsstutzen eines
Kombinationsofens

combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as Mischabfall

its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, Inbetriebnahme- und
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project Prüfprozess (Cx)
requirements


completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates Fachverantwortlicher für
commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to den Inbetriebnahme- und
(CxA)
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in Prüfprozess (CxA)

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is Leitfähigkeit
standardization.

conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly traditionelle
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler Außenanlagenbewässerung

cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower Kühlturmabschlämmung

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution Wiege zum Werktor (cradle-
to-gate)

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or Kulturlandschaft
current facilities the implementation of the owner’s project requirements, aktuelle Anforderungen an
requirements (CFR) requirements den Gebäudebetrieb


dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or Ausgewiesener Lagerraum

demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower Strombedarfssteuerung

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- Zietliche Laststeuerung
curtailment event.

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, versetzbare Trennwände
being used
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per dicht belegte Fläche
densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) (Personen)


density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for Bebauungsdichte

departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating Bereichsbruttogeschossfläch
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space e (Bereichs - BGF)

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces Projektfläche

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be Lebensdauerdifferenz

direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public direkter Zugang

direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no direktes Sonnenlicht


distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of Fernwärme/-kälte
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It Versorgung (DES)
electricity.

diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a Dienstleistungseinrichtung

downstream equipment transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) Übergabe-, Verteil- und
Nutzungskomponenten
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes (TGA-Anlagen) im Gebäude

durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office langlebige Gebrauchsgüter

they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful Abfallstrom langlebiger
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods Gebrauchsgüter


Versorgungseinrichtungen
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or für die Aufladung von
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National Elektrofahrzeugen

electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, Ladestation für E-Fahzeuge

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent elementares Quecksilber
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is Notbeleuchtung

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 Arbeitsplatzschwerpunkt

enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated Gebäudehülle


energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building Energieversorger
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager
or a similar tool

engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National Nanomaterial

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– Umwelt-Produktdeklaration
declaration
2007

evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the Gesamtverdunstung
water vapor.

extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To erweiterte
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely Herstellerverantworgung

extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in extensiv begrüntes Dach

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on externer Zähler
meter.

floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet Geschossflächenzahl (GFZ)

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be Drainage,
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for Fundamententwässerung
irrigation.


freight village support services. Such support services may include security, Güterverkehrszentrum

functional entry during regular business hours. It does not include any door funktionaler Eingang

furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as Möblierung und Einrichtung

Gramm pro Kilowattstunde

(g/kWh) - this wording
metric used to communicate how many grams of emissions (e.g., would require the definition
grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a to be updated for kilowatt-
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period hours instead of
horsepower. Breake
Horsepower is an imperial
unit and not an SI-unit.

graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and Grauwasser

green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management Grüne Infrastruktur

green power a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity Öko-Strom


umweltfreundliche
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle Fahrzeuge
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and unbebaute Fläche

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, befestigter Außenraum

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, Gefahrstoffe

heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle Wärmeinseleffekt

highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, Autobahn
cities and towns.


historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review denkmalgeschütztes
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state Gebäude

historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and denkmalgeschütztes Gebiet

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically homogenes Material
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs Hydrozone


illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: Beleuchtungsstärke

impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved versiegelte Fläche

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should Einzelarbeitsplatz
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or industrielles Prozesswasser

infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not Baulücke


infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from Infiltration

infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum Infrarorstrahlungsdichte
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals,
inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, stationärer Patient

inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit stationäre Einrichtung

For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency nichtentfernbare
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking Produktkennzeichnung
manufacture.

integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns Schädlingsbekämpfung
management


integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve integriertes
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize Projektmanagement

intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important intensiv begrüntes Dach

interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, Füßbodenaufbau

interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish Aufbau Innenwände und
finish -decken


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation Güterumschlagplatz

invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. invasive Pflanzenarten

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage jährlicher Energieverbrauch
IT

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also Leuchtmittel

lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. Lebensdauer Leuchtmittel


land trust actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in Liegenschafts-Stiftung

land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are natürlicher Aushub
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for max. Wasserbedarf
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month Grünflächen

lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, bleifrei

least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening Pestizid ohne akutem Risiko
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and-
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an Aufenthaltsdauer
admitted patient
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from Ökobilanz



life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The Sachbilanz

light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not Lichtverschmutzung
consumes energy.

light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating Stadtbahn (S-Bahn)

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause Lichtimmisionen

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such elektrischer Lastabwurf
long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees Fahrradparken - Langzeit
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow

training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the kostengünstige
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility Verbesserungen


low-impact development close to its source. Examples include better site design principles nachhaltige
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain Projektentwicklung
water that is fed into a cooling tower system or evaporative Ausgleichs- und
makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- Nachfüllwasser

manage (rainwater) on site Regenwassermanagement
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and
capture and reuse.
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites Bebauungsplangrenze

mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as durchschnittlicher
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a Lumenwert


include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology medizinische Ausstattung
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and und Möblierung
overbed tables.

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory Selbstschlussventil
faucets and showers

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone Mischpapier
books, and photos

modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for modulare und bewegliche
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building Regale und Schränke
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a Montagehöhe
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or bewegliche Möbel und
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management Raumteiler
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, Objektnutzung durch
services and common areas. mehrere Mieter


NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors NAED code

native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these einheimische Vegetation

natural refrigerant substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric natürliches Kältemittel
Natural Resources Bodenabrgenzungen der

a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil Natural Resources
soils delineation Conservation Service (NRCS)

natural site hydrology natürliche Bodenhydrologie
movement, and balance
the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the Nettogrundfläche ohne
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building Technische Funktionsfläche
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. (TF)

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or öffentlicher ambulanter

non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals Bereich
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards nichttrinkbares Wasser

non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time nicht regalmäßig genutzte
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used Fläche (n.r.g.F.)
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human wasserlose Toilette
waste via microbiological processes

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer wasserloses Urinal
gas and odors

occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system Nutzersteuerung
Nutzfläche (NF) minus

an enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those Technische Funktionsfläche
occupiable space spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as (TF) minus Verkehrsfläche
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only (VF) minus nicht regalmäßig
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) genutzte Fläche (n.r.g.F) =
NF-TF-VF-n.r.g.F.


storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied Nutzfläche (NF) minus
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied Technische Funktionsfläche
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or (TF) minus Verkehrsfläche
(VF) = NF-TF-VF
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner Verbrauchsmaterial
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as
ongoing purchases.

Abwasserbehandlung vorort
treatment generated on the project site

more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and versickerungsfähiges
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered Pflastersystem

operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation Betrieb- und Wartungsplan

network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to dekorativer
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a Beleuchtungskörper


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis ambulanter Patient
or treatment

owner’s project funktionale
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the Baubeschreibung
project
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location Patientenbehandlungsort

peak demand period of time Lastspitze

and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region Monat des höchsten
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- Wasserverbrauch

permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples permanente Installation im
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or Innenbereich
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when permanente
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive Spitzenlastverschiebung
permeable pavement a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the versickerungsfähiger
ground Straßenbelag


persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, persistente bioakkumulative
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these giftige Chemikalie

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green Platz der Stille

plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. Stromlasten an Steckdosen

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can recyceltes Material Post-
content Consumer

potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local Trinkwasser


power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer Verbrauch einer PDU
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row Steckdosenleiste für IT
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; Effektivität der
effectiveness (PUE) rather than for cooling and other overhead Energieausnutzung
elektrische
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does Fußbodenreinigungsequipm
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications ent

preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete recyceltes Material Pre-
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap Consumer
content.


preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For bevorzugte Parkplätze
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the

premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 vorzeitige Überalterung

previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or bereits entwickelt
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously bereits entwickeltes
previously developed site developed land Grundstück


prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Ackerland (prime farmland)
a device that measures water flow and is installed downstream nichtöffentlicher

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water Wassermengenzähler

process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food Prozess Energie
(ASHRAE)
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release (Wärme-) Last aus Prozess
load of process energy (ASHRAE) Energie

process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to Wasserverbrauch in
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes technischen Prozessen


product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and Bauteil / Bauelement
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently

consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To öffentliche
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted Wasserversorgung

rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance Regenwassernutzung

raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., Rohmaterial
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse aufbereitetes Abwasser

recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II Recycling Anteil

reference the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no Refernzwert
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. Wasserverdunstungsrate

reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing Bodenreferenzwert
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the Wiederverwendetes
Bauelement / Bauteil
product.

regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces permanent genutzer Raum
use.


regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking regelmäßig genutzter
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical Eingang
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive vorgegebener normativer
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 Energiewert

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as wiederaufbereitetes Produkt
if it were new.

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, regenerative Energie

renewable energy credit was generated from a renewable resource. RECs are sold Zertifikat für regenerative
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of Energie (REC)

reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery Wiederverwendung

the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that Bestandsgebäudem
reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design Bestandsflächen

revenue-grade meter required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue geeichter Zähler
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the
customer.

rideshare Fahrgemeinschaft

salvaged material construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include weiterverwendbares
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and Altmaterial
decorative items.

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. Schulverwaltung/
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious Bildungsministerium
institutions.
direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled direkte

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site Treibhausgasemissionen


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through indirekte
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption Treibhausgasemissionen
the percentage of analysis points across the analysis area that sDA300/50% (Tageslicht
sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis Verfügbarkeit -
period Tageslichtquotient)

server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the Server Input
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly Lebensdauer
a place of congregation, or where occupants pursue overlapping or gemeinschaftlich genutzte

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks Fläche

shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. Gebäudehülle
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period Fahrradparken - Kurzzeit
of two hours or less.

simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to Energievolumen-
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis Analysemodell


site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of Standort Bewertung

site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The örtlicher Entwicklungsplan

Räume mit hoher
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with Nutzungsflexibilät
relocate.
the elements of a landscape that consist of live, horticultural landschaftsgärtnerische

softscape elements Anlagen
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- Solarpark /
solar garden/ community connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables gemeinschaftliches System
renewable energy system zur Nutzung erneuerbarer
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) Energien


solar reflectance (SR) technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric Solares Reflexionsvermögen
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the (SR)

solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a Solarer Reflexionsindex (SRI)
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a akustische Anforderungen
space


source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing abfallvermeidungsorientiert
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. er Materialeinkauf

an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level räumliche
spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the Tageslichtunabhängigkeit
(sDA)
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, (sDA)
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) Sprachabschirmung

speech spectra human speech Sprachspektrum

streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, Straßenbahn

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and tragende Bauteile
nonhazardous


systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed Betriebshandbuch
of operation.

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, Technische Richtlinie (TR)
Technical Release (TR) 55 55 / Technical Release (TR)
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA 55

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted Wärmestrahlung
Solares Reflexionsvermögen
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is oder Solarer Refelxionsindex
value measured after three years of weather exposure gemessen 3 Jahre nach
Einbau
an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities Nuztungszeitabhängige

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time
Preisgestaltung
periods

undercover parking under a building überdachte Parkplätze


uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- unterbrechungsfreie
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), Stromversorgung
3).

universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing alltäglicher Sondermüll

technische Funktionsflache
unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied (TF)

upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal Übergabe- und
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution Verteilungsstation


contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) Biolabel des amerikanischen
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved Landwirtschafts-
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not ministeriums (USDA)
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that vertikale Beleuchtungsstärke

vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned Sichtfeldverglasung

walking distance fußläufige Entfernung

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and Abfallverwertung
recycling.

waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and Energiegewinnung aus Abfall


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or Gewässer

water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets Wasserbilanz

wet meter passing water Wasserzähler

wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands Feuchtgebiet
wetland.

wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm Gehölz/Holz
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation Xeriscaping


yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as Zugmaschine
hustler.
Maximales Maß der

zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with baulichen Nutzung wenn
the site limits Grundflächenzahl/GRZ =1

Term (English) Definition (English) German Definition
Grundstück, das bewusst und auf Dauer zurückgelassen wurde,

property left behind intentionally and permanently when it wenn es den Anschein hat, dass der frühere Besitzer nicht vorhat,
appears that the former owner does not intend to come back, pick zurückzukommen, das Grundstück wieder in Besitz zu nehmen oder
it up, or use it. One may have abandoned the property of contract zu nutzen. Der Besitz der vertraglichen Rechte wurde eventuell
rights by not doing what is required by the contract. However, an verlassen, weil nicht eingehalten wurde, was vertraglich
abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just erforderlich wäre. Eine Dienstbarkeit und weitere Landrechte
because of nonuse. Abandoned land is defined as land not being gelten nicht als verlassene Liegenschaft, weil sie nicht genutzt
used at the present time but that may have utilities and werden. Verlassener Grund wird definiert als Land, das derzeitig
infrastructure in place. nicht genutzt wird, das aber über Versorgungsanschlüsse und
Infrastruktur verfügt.
vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has Vegetation, die in einer bestimmten Region nicht natürlich
vorkommt, aber über Eigenschaften verfügt, dank derer sie in der
adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do Region wachsen kann. Eingebürgerte Pflanzen werfen nicht
not pose the same problems as invasive species. dieselben Probleme auf wie invasive Arten.
eine Substanz, die einem Produkt hinzugefügt wird (z. B. Farbe,

Bodenbeläge), um das Wachstum von Mikroorganismen zu stoppen
a substance added to a product (e.g., paint, flooring) to kill or oder einzuschränken. Einige Produkte, wie zum Beispiel Linoleum,
linoleum, exhibit natural antimicrobial properties. Despite current verfügen über natürliche antimikrobielle Eigenschaften. Trotz der
derzeitigen Praxis hat die Wissenschaft nicht belegt, dass
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments antimikrobielle Behandlungen die Übertragung von Infektionen in
standard cleaning procedures. Also known as added microbial Gebäudeoberflächen effektiver reduzieren als herkömmliche
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with Reinigungsmethoden. Auch als mikrobielles Zusatzmittel bekannt.
Siehe U.S. EPA-Datenblatt, mit Pestiziden behandelte
Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides factsheets/treatart.htm). Verbraucherprodukte (www.epa.gov/pesticides
factsheets/treatart.htm).
a site having at least a continuous 25% of its boundary bordering ein Grundstück, das mindestens 25 % seiner Grenzen zu
parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider Grundstücken hat, die als Bauland ausgewiesen sind. Es werden nur
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of angrenzende Parzellen berücksichtigt, keine eingreifenden
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the Wegerechte. Jeder Bruchteil der Grenze, der an ein Gewässer
calculation. grenzt, wird von der Berechnung ausgenommen.

Material, das nicht aus Erde besteht, das am Ende jedes

material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the Betriebstages auf der aktiven Oberfläche einer kommunalen
active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each Abfalldeponie deponiert wird, um Überträger, Feuer, Gerüche,
alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and weggeblasenen Abfall und Plünderungen zu kontrollieren. In der
(ADC)
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they Regel müssen diese Materialien bearbeitet werden, damit keine
do not allow gaps in the exposed landfill face. (CalRecycle) Lücken in der exponierten Deponieoberfläche entstehen
können. (CalRecycle)
low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, schadstoffarmer, nicht benzinhaltiger Kraftstoff, wie zum Beispiel
alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and Elektrizität, Wasserstoff, Propan, komprimiertes Erdgas, Flüssiggas,
ethanol Methanol und Ethanol.
nicht trinkbares Wasser aus anderen Quellen als der öffentlichen

nonpotable water from other than public utilities, on-site surface Wasserversorgung, Vor-Ort-Oberflächenquellen und unterirdischen
Frischwasserquellen. Zu den Beispielen zählen Grauwasser, vor Ort
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, aufbereitetes Wasser, gesammeltes Regenwasser, erfasstes
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis Kondensat und aus Umkehr-Osmosesystemen ausgeworfenes
systems (IgCC).
Wasser.
a metric that describes the potential for visual discomfort in eine Kennzahl, die das Potential für visuelle Beschwerden in
Innenausbauumgebungen beschreibt. Sie ist definiert als
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance prozentualer Anteil eines Analysebereichs, der eine definierte
level more than a specified number of hours per year. Beleuchtungsstärke durch direkte Sonneneinstrahlung für mehr als
eine vorgegebene Anzahl an Stunden pro Jahr übersteigt.
a built-in, nonstructural portion of a roof system. Examples include ein eingebauter, nicht tragender Teil eines Dachsystems. Beispiele
appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar umfassen unter anderem Oberlichter, Ventilatoren, mechanische
energy panels. Ausrüstung, Abtrennungen und Solarenergiemodule.
zeigt den Prozentanteil an Sensoren im Analysebereich mit

reports the percentage of sensors in the analysis area, using a maximal 3 Fuß Abstand zwischen Punkten, an denen an mehr als
maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be 250 Stunden jährlich mehr als 1.000 lux direkte Sonneneinstrahlung
ASE1000,250 exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250 gemessen werden, bevor jegliche betriebsfähigen Fensterläden
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed oder Jalousien eingesetzt werden, um das Sonnenlicht abzuhalten,
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period wobei derselbe 10-Stunden-Analysezeitraum/Tag wie sDA
as sDA and using comparable simulation methods berücksichtigt und vergleichbare Simulationsmethoden verwendet
werden

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a ein Produkt, das aus mehreren Materialien besteht (z. B. Beton)
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) oder ein Produkt aus Teilkomponenten (z. B. Arbeitsplatz)
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school die von Schulbezirken verwendeten Grenzen zur Festlegung,
students attend based on where they live welche Schule Schüler auf Basis Ihres Wohnorts besuchen
the illumination output for light-emitting diode lamps, as specified die Lichtleistung von Lampen mit lichtemittierenden Dioden
average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– (LEDs), wie in der Norm 127–2007 der Internationalen Kommission
2007 für Beleuchtung angegeben
materials and products that make up the building or are Materialien und Produkte, die das Gebäude ausmachen oder
base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., permanent und semi-permanent im Projekt installiert sind (z. B.
flooring, casework, wall coverings) Bodenbeläge, Einbaumöbel, Wandbeläge)
baseline building die jährlichen Energiekosten eines Gebäudeentwurfs, die als Basis
the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for für einen Vergleich mit Entwürfen über dem Standard verwendet
performance comparison with above-standard design werden
before the LEED project was initiated, but not necessarily before bevor das LEED-Projekt initiiert wurde, aber nicht
any development or disturbance took place. Baseline conditions notwendigerweise, bevor ein Ausbau oder eine Störung stattfand.
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer Istzustände beschreiben den Status der Projektbaustelle am
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase Datum, an dem der Bauunternehmer die Rechte an einer Mehrheit
or option to purchase. des bebaubaren Lands durch Kauf oder Kaufoption erworben hat.
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- eine berechnete Projektion des Wasserverbrauchs eines Gebäudes
unter der Annahme regelkonformer Einbauten und Armaturen
baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared ohne zusätzliche Einsparungen im Vergleich mit dem Designfall
with the design case or actual water meter data oder den tatsächlichen Wasseruhrdaten
the information necessary to accomplish the owner’s project die für die Erfüllung der Projektanforderungen des Eigentümers
requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental notwendigen Informationen, inklusive Systembeschreibungen,
basis of design (BOD) Qualitätskriterien für Innenraumumgebungen, Entwurfsannahmen
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable und Referenzen zu anwendbaren Vorschriften, Normen,
codes, standards, regulations, and guidelines Bestimmungen und Richtlinien

ein kontinuierliches Netz, bestehend aus jeglicher Kombination des

a continuous network consisting of any combination of the Folgenden 1) Radwege oder Routen neben Straßen mit einer Breite
meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) von mindestens 2,5 Metern (8 Fuß) für zweispurige Radwege und
bicycle network einer Breite von mindestens 1,5 Metern (5 Fuß) für einspurige
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle Radwege 2) auf Straßen fest eingerichtete Radwege mit einer
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a Breite von mindesten 1,5 Metern (5 Fuß) 3) Straßen mit einer
Zielgeschwindigkeit von 40 km/h (25 mph)
die Strecke, die ein Radfahrer von Start- zu Zielorten zurücklegen

bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and muss, wobei sich die gesamte Strecke innerhalb eines
Fahrradnetzes befinden muss.
kommerzielle oder industrielle Produkte (ausgenommen Lebens-

commercial or industrial products (other than food or feed) that oder Futtermittel), die als Ganzes oder zu beträchtlichen Anteilen
are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological aus biologischen Produkten, erneuerbaren landwirtschaftlichen
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, Materialien (einschließlich Pflanzen, Tieren und
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of Meeresmaterialien) oder forstwirtschaftlichen Materialien
LEED, this excludes leather and other animal hides. bestehen. Für die Zwecke dieser LEED sind Leder und andere
Tierhäute ausgenommen.
wastewater containing urine or fecal matter that should be Abwasser mit Urin oder Fäkalien, die über das
Entwässerungssystem des Gebäudes oder der Anlage in
discharged to the sanitary drainage system of the building or Übereinstimmung mit den internationalen Sanitärvorschriften
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the entsorgt werden müssen. Abwasser aus Küchenspülen (manchmal
use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered durch den Einsatz eines Abfallhäckslers differenziert), Duschen
oder Badewannen wird gemäß einigen nationalen oder regionalen
blackwater under some state or local codes. Vorschriften als Schwarzwasser betrachtet.
the removal of makeup water from a cooling tower or evaporative die Beseitigung von zusammengesetztem Wasser aus einem
Kühlturm oder dem Rezirkulationssystem einer
blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of Verdunstungskühlung, um Konzentrationen nicht gelöster
dissolved solids Feststoffe zu reduzieren
real property or the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which Immobilien oder deren Erweiterung, Sanierung oder
brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a Wiederverwendung, die aufgrund der Anwesenheit einer
hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. gefährlichen Substanz, eines Schadstoffs oder eines Kontaminants
kompliziert sein kann.

a luminaire classification system that classifies luminaires in terms ein Leuchtenklassifizierungssystem, das Leuchten in Bezug auf
of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA Hintergrundlicht (Backlight – B), Deckenlicht (Uplight – U) und
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former Blendung (Glare – G) klassifiziert (aus dem Beleuchtungserlass des
IES-/IDA-Modells übernommen). BUG-Bewertungen ersetzen die
cutoff ratings. früheren Höchstgrenzen-Bewertungen.
der Anteil des Baugrundstücks, der bebaut werden kann,

the portion of the site where construction can occur, including einschließlich des Lands, das freiwillig stillgelegt und nicht bebaut
land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in wurde. Bei der Verwendung in Dichteberechnungen zählen
buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way öffentliche Wegerechte sowie Land, das durch festgelegte
and land excluded from development by codified law. Vorschriften von der Bebauung ausgenommen ist, nicht zum
bebaubaren Land.
a structure’s primary and secondary weatherproofing system, das primäre und sekundäre Wetterschutzsystem eines Bauwerks,
building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant inklusive wasserdichten Hüllen sowie luft- und wasserbeständigen
barrier materials, and all building elements outside that system Barrierematerialien sowie alle Bauelemente außerhalb dieses
Systems
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane alles innerhalb der wasserdichten Hülle eines Bauwerks
ein modernes Bussystem, das auf exklusiven Busspuren oder auf

an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or Basis anderer Transitwegerechte agiert. Das System ist so
bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the konzipiert, dass es die Flexibilität von Bussen mit der Effizienz der
Schienenverkehrs kombiniert
a unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or eine Einheit des Kohlendioxid-Äquivalents, das reduziert,
carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere vermieden oder abgesondert wird, um an anderer Stelle
(World Resources Institute) entstehende Emissionen zu kompensieren (Weltressourceninstitut)
a procedure that tracks a product from the point of harvest or ein Verfahren, mit dem ein Produkt von der Ernte oder Extraktion
bis zu seiner Endnutzung nachverfolgt wird, inklusive alle
chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of nachfolgenden Phasen der Verarbeitung, Transformation,
Fertigung und Verteilung

an intensive, multiparty workshop that brings people from ein intensiver Workshop mit mehreren Parteien, der Menschen
charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen und mit verschiedenen
generate, and collaboratively produce design options Hintergründen zusammenbringt, um Entwurfsoptionen zu
erkunden, zu erstellen und gemeinsam zu produzieren
a fluid, containing hydrocarbons, that absorbs heat from a eine Flüssigkeit, die Kohlenwasserstoffe enthält und die Wärme
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher aus einem Behälter bei geringen Temperaturen absorbiert und mit
höheren Temperaturen abgibt. Bei Emission in die Atmosphäre
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause verursachen FCKWs den Abbau der Ozonschicht in der
Stratosphäre.
der Zeitpunkt am Morgen (Morgendämmerung) oder am Abend

the point in time in the morning (dawn) or evening (dusk) when (Abenddämmerung), wenn die Mitte der Sonne geometrisch 6 Grad
the center of the sun is geometrically 6 degrees below the horizon. unter dem Horizont steht. Bei guten Witterungsbedingungen ist die
Under good weather conditions, civil twilight is the best time to bürgerliche Dämmerung die beste Zeit, um terrestrische Objekte
civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the eindeutig zu unterscheiden. Vor der morgendlichen bürgerlichen
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination Dämmerung und nach der abendlichen bürgerlichen Dämmerung
normally is required to carry on ordinary outdoor activities. ist für die Ausübung von gewöhnlichen Freiluftaktivitäten
üblicherweise künstliche Beleuchtung erforderlich.
a space that is regularly occupied and used for educational ein Raum, der regelmäßig für schulische Aktivitäten belegt und
classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and genutzt wird. Die primären Funktionen eines solchen Raums sind
Unterrichten und Lernen. Gute Sprachkommunikation ist von
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ entscheidender Bedeutung für die schulischen Leistungen der
Schüler. (Übernommen von ANSI S12.60)
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and nicht gefährliche Restmaterialien nach Bau und Abbruch. Blei und
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. Asbest zählen nicht als unbedenklicher Müll.
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the durchsichtiges Glas, das den Blick durch die Fensteranordnung
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. erlaubt. Diffuse Verglasung ermöglicht nur Tageslicht.

ein System, das durch Wasserumwälzung als Kühlkörper für

a system that acts as a heat sink for heat-rejecting building and wärmeabweisende Gebäude und medizinische Ausrüstung agiert.
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use Da das Wasser innerhalb des Systems abgedichtet ist, verwenden
einige Kühlsysteme mit geschlossenem Kreislauf nicht trinkbares
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from Wasser (wie zum Beispiel recyceltes Prozesswasser, dass vom
an air handler's cooling coil condensate). Kondensat der Spule einer Luftversorgungseinheit gewonnen wird).
a measurement from 0 to 100 that indictes how accurately an ein Maß von 0 bis 100, das angibt, wie genau eine künstliche
artificial light source, as compared with an incandescent light, Lichtquelle Farbtöne im Vergleich mit einer Glühlampe darstellt. Je
displays hues. The higher the index number, the more accurately höher der Indexwert, desto genauer rendert das Licht Farben.
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color Glühlampenbeleuchtung hat einen Farb-Index über 95; Standard-
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting Hochdruck-Natriumleuchten (wie zum Beispiel die orange
(such as orange-hued roadway lights) measures approximately 25; leuchtenden Straßenlampen) haben ungefähr 25; viele
many fluorescent sources using rare earth phosphors have a color fluoreszierende Lichtquellen mit Leuchtstoffen aus seltenen Erden
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY haben einen Farb-Rendering-Index von 80 und mehr.
STAR) (Übernommen von U.S. ENERGY STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option Wasser aus einem Ofen mit Dampfzyklus oder -option
an integrated system that captures the heat, otherwise unused, ein integriertes System, das ansonsten ungenutzte Wärme von
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. einer Kraftstoffquelle bei der Erzeugung von elektrischer Leistung
erfasst. (Übernommen von der US-Umweltschutzbehörde)
building waste streams that are combined on the project site and Gebäudeabfallentsorgung, die auf der Projektbaustelle kombiniert
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as und zum Sortieren in recycelbare Ströme abgefahren werden. Auch
single-stream recycling. als Einzelstrom-Recycling bekannt.
the process of verifying and documenting that a building and all of der Prozess der Überprüfung und Dokumentation, dass ein
its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, Gebäude mit allen seinen Systemen und Baugruppen gemäß den
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project Projektanforderungen des Eigentümers geplant, entworfen,
requirements installiert, getestet, betrieben und gewartet werden

die für die Organisation, Leitung und Überprüfung der

the individual designated to organize, lead, and review the Fertigstellung der Übergabeprozessaktivitäten zuständige Person
completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates Der Sachverständige erleichtert die Kommunikation zwischen
commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to Eigentümer, Designer und Bauunternehmer, um sicherzustellen,
(CxA)
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in dass komplexe Systeme in Übereinstimmung mit den
accordance with the owner’s project requirements. Projektanforderungen des Eigentümers installiert werden und
funktionieren.
the measurement of the level of dissolved solids in water, using die Messung der Menge an gelösten Feststoffen in Wasser unter
conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is Verwendung der Fähigkeit eines elektrischen Stroms, durch Wasser
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for zu fließen. Aufgrund des Temperatureinflusses wird die
standardization. Leitfähigkeit zur Standardisierung bei 25 °C gemessen.
a region’s most common system for providing water to plants by das in einer Region am häufigsten verwendete System, Pflanzen
auf nicht natürliche Weise mit Wasser zu versorgen. Ein
conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly konventionelles Bewässerungssystem nutzt im Allgemeinen Druck
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler für die Wasserlieferung und verteilt es über Sprinklerköpfe über
dem Boden.
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because das von einem Kühlturm abgelassene Wasser, üblicherweise
aufgrund von erhöhtem Salzgehalt oder durch Alkalität verkalkt.
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. Kühlturmabschlämmung weist für die Verwendung zur
Landschaftsbewässerung eventuell einen zu hohen Salzgehalt auf.
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction Analyse des teilweisen Lebenszyklus eines Produkts, von der
cradle-to-gate assessment Rohstoffgewinnung (Wiege) zum Werktor (bevor es zur Verteilung
(cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution und zum Verkauf transportiert wird). Die Phasen des Gebrauchs
und der Entsorgung des Produkts sind ausgenommen.
an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural eine offiziell bestimmte geografische Region, die sowohl kulturelle
cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or als auch natürliche Ressourcen im Zusammenhang mit einem
historischen Ereignis, einer Aktivität oder einer Person oder die
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values andere bedeutende kulturelle oder ästhetische Werte aufweist
current facilities the implementation of the owner’s project requirements, die Implementierung der Projektanforderungen des Eigentümers,
developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and dazu entwickelt, die derzeitigen betrieblichen Bedürfnisse und
requirements (CFR) requirements Erfordernisse des Eigentümers zu bestätigen

ein fest zugeordneter Bereich in einem Gebäude oder einer

zentralen Einrichtung, der für eine bestimmte Aufgabe, wie zum
a designated area in a building space or a central facility that is Beispiel dem Sammeln von wiederverwertbaren Abfällen,
sized and allocated for a specific task, such as the collection of dimensioniert und dafür bestimmt ist. Oft wird durch Beschilderung
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based auf die Art der dort aufbewahrten wiederverwertbaren Abfälle
hingewiesen. Einige Abfallentsorgungen, wie zum Beispiel
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or quecksilberhaltige Leuchtmittel, vertrauliche Papierdokumente,
Consult the municipality’s safe storage and disposal procedures or biomedizinische Abfälle oder Batterien, erfordern eventuell
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency besondere Handhabungs- oder Entsorgungsmethoden. Die von der
website, at www.epa.gov. Gemeinde festgelegten Verfahren zur sicheren Aufbewahrung und
Entsorgung sowie die Nutzungsrichtlinien auf der Website der US-
Umweltschutzbehörde auf www.epa.gov sind zu beachten.
a change in electricity use by demand-side resources from their eine Veränderung im Stromverbrauch auf der Nachfrageseite als
normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of Reaktion auf Veränderungen des Strompreises oder auf
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower Belohnungen mit dem Ziel, in Zeiten hoher
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when Großhandelsstrompreise oder bei gefährdeter
system reliability is jeopardized Systemzuverlässigkeit den Stromverbrauch zu reduzieren.
a specific period of time when the utility or independent service ein bestimmter Zeitraum, wenn der Stromversorger oder ein
unabhängiger Servicebetreiber von seinen Programmteilnehmern
demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- eine Veränderung des Verbrauchsmusters oder der
curtailment event. Verbrauchshöhe des Netzstroms anfragt. Auch als
Verkürzungsereignis bekannt.
a temporary interior wall that can be easily reconfigured. In a eine temporäre Innenwand, die leicht neu konfiguriert werden
kann. In einer medizinischen Einrichtung können Bedenken
demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, bezüglich der Akustik sowie integrierte Einrichtungen, wie zum
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from Beispiel in einem Operationsraum, den Einsatz auswechselbarer
being used
Trennwände verhindern.
an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per ein Gebiet mit einer geplanten Bevölkerungsdichte von 25 oder
densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) mehr Menschen je 93 Quadratmeter (1.000 Quadratfuß)

a measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a ein Maß für die Gebäudegrundfläche oder die Anzahl
Wohneinheiten auf einer Landparzelle im Verhältnis zur
density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for bebaubaren Fläche dieser Parzelle. Die Maßeinheiten zur Messung
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. der Dichte können je nach Krediterfordernissen variieren. Bebauter
Parkraum ist nicht enthalten.
– the floor area of a diagnostic and treatment of clinical – die Bodenfläche für Diagnose und Behandlung einer klinischen
department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating Abteilung, berechnet von der Mittellinie der Wände, welche die
departmental gross area Abteilung von benachbarten Flächen trennen. Wände und
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space Zirkulationsfläche innerhalb der Abteilung werden in der
calculation excludes inpatient units. Berechnung berücksichtigt. Diese Berechnung enthält keine
Patienteneinheiten.
the total land area of a project site covered by buildings, streets, die gesamte Landfläche einer Projektbaustelle, die von Gebäuden,
development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces Straßen, Parkflächen und anderen üblicherweise undurchlässigen
constructed as part of the project Oberflächen im Rahmen des Projekts überbaut wird
a state in which two materials with different life spans make up ein Zustand, in dem eine komplette Komponente aus zwei
Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Lebensspannen besteht. Wenn
differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be ein Material verschleißt und nicht getrennt und ersetzt werden
kann, muss das gesamte Produkt weggeworfen werden.
eine Möglichkeit, eine Fläche zu betreten, ohne das Geschoss

a means of entering a space without having to leave the floor or verlassen zu müssen oder durch das Zimmer eines anderen
pass through another patient’s room, dedicated staff space, service Patienten, einen für Angestellte vorgesehenen Raum, eine Service-
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public oder Versorgungsfläche oder einen wichtigen öffentlichen Raum
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day gehen zu müssen. Korridore für Patienten und öffentlichen
space may be part of a direct access route. Verkehr, allgemeine Sitzbereiche sowie Warte- und Tagesflächen
können Teil einer Direktzugangsroute sein.
an interior horizontal measurement of 1,000 lux or more of direct eine innere horizontale Messung von 1.000 Lux oder mehr an
beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular direkter Sonneneinstrahlung, die Fensterdurchlässigkeit und
Winkeleffekte berücksichtigt und den Effekt sämtlicher bedienbarer
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no Jalousien ausschließt – ohne Auswirkung von reflektiertem Licht
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and (d. h. Null-Rückprall-Analyse) und ohne Auswirkung der diffusen
Himmelskomponenten (übernommen von IES)

a central energy conversion plant and transmission and eine zentrale Energieumwandlungsanlage sowie ein zentrales
Übertragungs- und Verteilsystem, das einer Gruppe von Gebäuden
distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of thermische Energie zur Verfügung stellt (z. B. eine zentrale
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It Klimaanlage auf dem Campus einer Universität).
electricity. Fernenergiesysteme, die nur elektrischen Strom liefern, sind nicht
enthalten.
a distinct business or organization that provides goods or services ein eindeutiges Unternehmen oder eine eindeutige Organisation,
intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated die Waren oder Dienstleistungen zur Erfüllung der täglichen
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a Bedürfnisse bereitstellt und öffentlich verfügbar ist. Automatisierte
Einrichtungen wie zum Beispiel Geld- oder Verkaufsautomaten sind
full list, see the Appendix. nicht enthalten. Eine vollständige Liste befindet sich im Anhang.
die Heiz- und Kühlsysteme, Einrichtungen und Steuerungen im

the heating and cooling systems, equipment, and controls located Projektgebäude oder auf der Projektbaustelle im Zusammenhang
transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) mit dem Transport thermischer Energie des Fernenergiesystems in
downstream equipment beheizte oder gekühlte Bereiche. Übergabe-, Verteil- und
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes Nutzungskomponenten beinhalten die thermische Verbindung
the thermal connection or interface with the DES, secondary oder das Interface mit dem Fernenergiesystem, sekundäre
Verteilsysteme im Gebäude sowie thermische Einheiten.
products with a useful life of approximately two or more years and Produkte mit einer Nutzungsdauer von ungefähr zwei oder mehr
durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office Jahren, die selten ersetzt werden. Beispielsweise Möbel,
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and Büroausstattung, Vorrichtungen, externe Netzteile, Fernsehgeräte
audiovisual equipment. sowie audiovisuelle Ausrüstung.
die Entsorgung langlebiger Produkte aus dem Projektgebäude,

the flow of long-lasting products from the project building after nachdem sie vollständig abgeschrieben sind und das Ende ihrer
they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful Nutzungsdauer für den normalen Geschäftsbetrieb erreicht haben.
durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable Dies beinhaltet gemietete haltbare Güter, die an den Eigentümer
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods zurückgegeben werden, aber nicht haltbare Güter, die in Betrieb
that remain functional and are moved to another floor or building. bleiben und in einen anderen Gebäudeteil oder in ein anderes
Gebäude verlegt werden.

the conductors, including the ungrounded, grounded, and die Leiter, einschließlich der nicht geerdeten, geerdeten und der
equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors, Erdungsleiter der Ausrüstung, die Anschlüsse des Elektrofahrzeugs,
die Verbindungsstecker und alle sonstigen Armaturen, Geräte,
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or Stromausgänge oder Apparate, die speziell zum Zweck der
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National Energiebereitstellung von der Gebäudeverkabelung für
Electric Codes and California Article 625) Elektrofahrzeuge installiert sind. (National Electric Codes and
California Article 625)
discarded office equipment (computers, monitors, copiers, entsorgte Büroausstattung (Computer, Monitore, Kopierer,
electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, Drucker, Scanner, Faxgeräte), Haushaltsgeräte (Kühlschränke,
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and Spülmaschinen, Wasserkühler), externe Netzteile und
televisions and other audiovisual equipment Fernsehgeräte sowie sonstige audiovisuelle Ausstattung
mercury in its purest form (rather than a mercury-containing Quecksilber in reinster Form (also keine quecksilberhaltigen
elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent Verbundstoffe), dessen Dampf üblicherweise in fluoreszierenden
and other bulb types und anderen Leuchtmitteln verwendet wird
ein Leuchtmittel, das nur unter Notfallbedingungen eingesetzt wird

emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is und während des normalen Betriebs im Gebäude immer
always off during normal building operation ausgeschaltet ist
eine nicht für Wohnzwecke genutzte Fläche mit einer Größe von
a nonresidential area of at least 5 acres (2 hectares) with a job mindestens 2 Hektar (5 Morgen) mit einer Arbeitsplatzdichte von
employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 mindestens 125 Beschäftigten pro Hektar Nettofläche (mindestens
50 Beschäftigte pro Morgen Nettofläche)
the exterior plus semi-exterior portions of the building. Exterior die externen und teilweise externen Teile des Gebäudes. Externe
consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned Teile umfassen die Elemente eines Gebäudes, die klimatisierte
Bereiche von der Umgebung trennen (d. h. Wandeinheiten).
spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior Teilweise externe Teile umfassen die Elemente eines Gebäudes, die
enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated klimatisierte Fläche von nicht klimatisierter Fläche trennen oder die
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from teilweise beheizte Fläche eingrenzen, durch die thermische Energie
von innen nach außen oder von außen nach innen oder von und zu
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic, klimatisierten oder nicht klimatisierten Bereichen übertragen
crawl space, basement). werden kann (z. B. Dachraum, Zwischendecken, Keller).

a designation that allows an outside entity, such as USGBC, to eine Bestimmung, die einer externen Funktionseinheit, wie zum
Beispiel USGBC, den Zugriff auf Wasser- und
energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building Energieverbrauchsdaten ermöglicht, die von einem
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager Gebäudeverwaltungsteam mit dem ENERGY STAR Portfolio-
or a similar tool
Manager oder einem ähnlichen Werkzeug gepflegt werden
eine auf molekularer Ebene (Nanometer) entworfene Substanz.

Aufgrund ihrer geringen Größe verfügt sie über neuartige
a substance designed at the molecular (nanometer) level. Because Eigenschaften, die üblicherweise bei konventionellen Massen-
conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National Gegenstücken nicht zu finden sind. Siehe Benachrichtigungs- und
engineered nanomaterial Bewertungsschema der nationalen australischen
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, Chemievereinigung (Australian National Industrial Chemicals
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio Notification and Assessment Scheme) auf
a statement that the item meets the environmental requirements eine Aussage, dass der Artikel die Umweltanforderungen der ISO
environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 und EN 15804 oder ISO 21930–2007
declaration
2007 erfüllt
the combination of evaporation and plant transpiration into the die Kombination aus Verdunstung und Pflanzentranspiration in die
Atmosphäre. Verdunstung erfolgt, wenn flüssiges Wasser von der
atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant Oberfläche des Bodens oder von Pflanzen oder von Gewässern
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the verdampft. Transpiration bedeutet die Bewegung von Wasser
water vapor. durch eine Pflanze und den anschließenden Verlust an
Wasserdampf.
Maßnahmen des Herstellers eines Produkts, seine eigenen und

measures undertaken by the maker of a product to accept its own manchmal auch die Produkte Dritter am Ende der Nutzungsdauer
and sometimes other manufacturers’ products as postconsumer des Produkts als Endabfall zurückzunehmen. Produzenten
waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and rückgewinnen und recyceln Materialien für die Verwendung in
extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To neuen Produkten desselben Typs. Um für Kreditkonformität
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely berücksichtigt zu werden, muss ein Programm allgemein verfügbar
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be sein. Für Teppiche muss die erweiterte Herstellerverantwortung die
consistent with NSF/ANSI 140–2007. Also known as closed-loop Vorschriften der NSF/ANSI 140–2007 erfüllen. Auch als Programm
program or product take-back. mit geschlossener Schleife oder Produktrücknahmeprogramm
bekannt.

ein bepflanztes Dach, das üblicherweise nicht für den Zugang

a roof that is covered with plants and typically not designed for durch die Allgemeinheit vorgesehen ist. Ein extensives
general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof Dachbepflanzungssystem ist üblicherweise ein robustes Gründach,
that requires little maintenance once established. The planting das nach seiner Errichtung nur wenig Pflege erfordert. Die mittlere
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in Bepflanzungstiefe reicht bei extensiv bepflanzten Dächern
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the üblicherweise von 2,5 bis 15 cm (1 bis 6 Zoll). (übernommen von
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated U.S. EPA) bepflanzte Flächen in Außenbereichen – die
roofs and turf grass Gesamtfläche der Vegetation eines Projektgrundstücks,
einschließlich Dachbepflanzung und Grasdächern
a device installed on the outside of a water pipe to record the ein Gerät an der Außenseite einer Wasserleitung zur Aufzeichnung
external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on des durchfließenden Wasservolumens. Auch als Clamp-on-Zähler
meter. bekannt.
die Dichte der gewerblichen Flächennutzung, ausgenommen

Parkraum, gemessen als Gesamtgrundfläche der gewerblichen
the density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking, Gebäude geteilt durch die gesamte bebaubare Fläche für
measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by gewerbliche Bauten. Auf einem Grundstück mit
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures. 930 Quadratmetern (10.000 Quadratfuß) bebaubarer Fläche würde
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) eine Geschossflächenzahl (FAR) von 1,0 zum Beispiel
floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet 930 Quadratmeter (10.000 Quadratfuß) bebaute Fläche bedeuten.
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an Auf demselben Grundstück würde eine Geschossflächenzahl von
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an 1,5 beispielsweise 1.395 Quadratmeter (15.000 Quadratfuß)
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and bedeuten, eine Geschossflächenzahl von 2,0 würde
an FAR of 0.5 would be 5,000 square feet (465 square meters). 1.860 Quadratmeter (20.000 Quadratfuß) und eine
Geschossflächenzahl von 0,5 würde 465 Quadratmeter
(5.000 Quadratfuß) bedeuten.
the water discharged from a subsurface drainage system. If a Wasser, das über ein unterirdisches Entwässerungssystem
abgeleitet wird. Wenn das Fundament eines Gebäudes unter dem
foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be Grundwasserspiegel liegt, ist eventuell eine Sumpfpumpe
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for erforderlich. Der Ablauf der Sumpfpumpe kann aufgefangen und
irrigation.
zur Bewässerung verwendet werden.

eine Gruppe von Betrieben im Zusammenhang mit Güterverkehr,

a cluster of freight-related businesses that include intermodal die intermodale Transferoperationen
transfer operations. Freight villages may offer logistics services, beinhalten. Güterverkehrszentren können Logistikdienste,
integrated distribution, warehousing capabilities, showrooms, and integrierte Güterverteilung, Lagerkapazitäten, Vorführräume und
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, Supportdienste bereitstellen. Solche Supportdienste können
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management Sicherheit, Wartung, Post, Bankgeschäfte, Unterstützung bei
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms, Verzollung und Import, Cafés, Restaurants, Bürofläche,
hotels, and public or activity center transportation. Konferenzräume, Hotels sowie öffentlichen Verkehr oder Transport
zu Aktivitätszentren umfassen.
eine Gebäudeöffnung, die für die Nutzung durch Fußgänger

during regular business hours. It does not include any door vorgesehen und während der üblichen Geschäftszeiten geöffnet ist.
functional entry Dies beinhaltet keine Türen, die als Notausgang vorgesehen sind,
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not oder ein Garagentor, das nicht als Eingang für Fußgänger
designed as a pedestrian entrance. vorgesehen ist.
die für dieses Projekt erworbenen eigenständigen Möbel. Dazu

the stand-alone furniture items purchased for the project, zählen alle Einzel- und Gruppensitzgelegenheiten, offene und
including individual and group seating; open-plan and private-office geschlossene Arbeitsplätze, Schreibtische und Tische, Regale,
workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas, Anrichten, Bücherregale, Aktenschränke und andere Schränke; an
bookshelves, filing cabinets, and other case goods; wall-mounted der Wand montierte Anzeigeprodukte (z. B. Anzeigetafeln,
visual-display products (e.g., marker boards and tack boards, Anhefttafeln, ausgenommen elektronische Displays) und
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as verschiedene Artikel wie Staffeleien, fahrbare Wagen, freistehende
easels, mobile carts, freestanding screens, installed fabrics, and Bildschirme, installierte Stoffe und bewegliche Abtrennungen.
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to Gastronomiemobiliar ist je nach Anwendbarkeit auf das Projekt
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape enthalten. Bürozubehör, wie zum Beispiel Schreibtischunterlagen,
dispensers, waste baskets, and all electrical items, such as lighting Ablagen, Klebebandabroller, Papierkörbe und alle Elektroartikel,
and small appliances, are excluded. wie zum Beispiel Beleuchtung und Elektrokleingeräte, sind
ausgenommen.

metric used to communicate how many grams of emissions (e.g., Kennzahl, die verwendet wird, um anzugeben, wie viele Gramm an
grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a Emissionen (z. B. Stickoxide oder Partikel) von einem Motor mit
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period einer bestimmten Leistungsangabe über einen Zeitraum von einer
Stunde ausgestoßen werden
nicht behandeltes Haushaltsabwasser, das nicht in Kontakt mit

“untreated household waste water which has not come into Toilettenabfällen gelangt ist Grauwasser beinhaltet gebrauchtes
contact with toilet waste. Graywater includes used water from Wasser aus Badewannen, Duschen, Badezimmerwaschbecken und
bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, and water from clothes- Wasser aus Waschmaschinen und Wäsche-Waschbehältern. Es darf
washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from kein Abwasser aus Küchenspülen oder aus Spülmaschinen
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix beinhalten (einheitliche Sanitärvorschriften, Anhang G,
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water Grauwassersystem für Einfamilienwohnungen); „Abwasser aus
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and Waschräumen, Badewannen, Duschen, Waschmaschinen und
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray Wäschereiabflüssen“ (internationale Sanitärvorschriften, Anhang G,
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow Grauwasser-Recyclingsysteme). Einige staatliche und regionale
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other Behörden erlauben, dass Abwasser aus Küchenspülen als
differences can likely be found in state and local codes. Project Grauwasser entsorgt wird. Wahrscheinlich gibt es weitere
teams should comply with the graywater definition established by Unterschiede in staatlichen und regionalen Bestimmungen.
the authority having jurisdiction in the project area. Projektteams müssen die Grauwasserdefinitionen der für das
Projektgebiet zuständigen Behörde einhalten.
ein boden- und vegetationsbasierter Ansatz für

a soil- and vegetation-based approach to wet weather Regenwettermanagement, der sich durch geringe Kosten,
management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltfreundlichkeit auszeichnet. Mit grünen
green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management Infrastrukturmanagementansätzen und -technologien wird
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture Sturmwasser infiltriert, evapotranspiriert, gesammelt und
and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies. wiederverwendet, um natürliche Hydrologien zu erhalten oder
(Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) wieder aufzubauen. (Übernommen von der US-
Umweltschutzbehörde)

a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity ein Teilbereich der erneuerbaren Energie, der aus netzbasierter
green power Elektrizität besteht, die aus erneuerbaren Energiequellen
produced from renewable energy sources gewonnen wurde
Fahrzeuge, die einen Mindestwert von 45 bei der jährlichen

vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American Fahrzeugbewertungsrichtlinie des amerikanischen Konzils für eine
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle energieeffiziente Ökonomie (American Council for an Energy
rating guide (or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.). Efficient Economy – ADEEE) (oder ein lokales Äquivalent für
Projekte außerhalb der USA) erreichen.
Fläche, die zuvor noch nicht bebaut, bewertet oder gestört wurde
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and und offenen Raum, Lebensraum oder natürliche Hydrologie
unterstützen könnte
die unbelebten Elemente der Gebäude-Landschaftsgestaltung Dies

the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes umfasst Pflaster, Wege, Steinwände, Holz- und
Kunststoffbodenbeläge, Betonwege und Gehsteige sowie Terrassen
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. aus Beton, Stein und Fliesen.
any item or agent (biological, chemical, physical) that has the sämtliche Substanzen und Mittel (biologisch, chemisch,
physikalisch), das über das Potential verfügt, Menschen, Tieren
hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, oder der Umwelt Schaden zuzufügen, entweder selbsttätig oder
durch Interaktion mit anderen Faktoren
die Wärmeabsorption von befestigten Flächen, wie zum Beispiel

the thermal absorption by hardscape, such as dark, nonreflective dunkle, nicht reflektierende Gehwege und Gebäude sowie deren
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle anschließende Abstrahlung an sie umgebende Bereiche. Weitere
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and Faktoren können Fahrzeugabgase, Klimaanlagen und
Straßenausstattung sein. Hohe Gebäude und schmale Straßen
narrow streets reduce airflow and exacerbate the effect. verringern den Luftstrom und verstärken den Effekt.
a transportation thoroughfare intended for motor vehicles with ein für Motorfahrzeuge vorgesehenes Verkehrswegesystem mit
beschränkter Anzahl an Zufahrten, Verbot für durch Muskelkraft
highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, angetriebene Fahrzeuge und mit höheren Geschwindigkeiten als
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects Gemeindestraßen. Eine Autobahn verbindet üblicherweise Städte
cities and towns.
und Gemeinden.

ein Gebäude oder Bauwerk mit historischer, architektonischer,

technischer, archäologischer oder kultureller Bedeutung, das
archeological, or cultural significance that is listed or determined to gelistet ist oder als historisches Gebäude oder Bauwerk bestimmt
be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing ist, oder das als Gebäude oder Bauwerk zu einem ausgewiesenen
historischen Bezirk zählt. Die Bezeichnung "denkmalgeschütztes
building or structure in a designated historic district. The historic Gebäude" oder "denkmalgeschütztes Bauwerk" muss von einem
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state lokalen Denkmalpflege-Prüfungsausschuss oder einer ähnlichen
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of Institution vorgenommen werden und das Bauwerk muss in einem
staatlichen Register historischer Stätten, im Nationalen Register
Historic Places (or a local equivalent outside the U.S.), or have been historischer Stätten der USA (oder einem Äquivalent für Bauwerke
determined eligible for listing. außerhalb der USA) gelistet sein oder als für die Eintragung in die
Liste berechtigt sein.
a group of buildings, structures, objects, and sites that have been eine Gruppe von Gebäuden, Bauwerken, Objekten und
historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and Grundstücken, die als historisch und architektonisch bedeutsam
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or eingestuft sind, und als einen Beitrag zur historischen Natur des
noncontributing to the historic nature of the district Bezirks leistend oder keinen Beitrag leistend klassifiziert sind
an item that consists of only one material throughout or a ein Objekt, das vollständig aus nur einem Material oder einer
Kombination mehrerer Materialien, die nicht mechanisch
homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically voneinander getrennt werden können, besteht. Ausgenommen
disjointed, excluding surface coatings sind Oberflächenbeschichtungen
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs eine Gruppe von Pflanzen mit ähnlichem Wasserbedarf

die Dichte des auf ein differenziertes Oberflächenelement an

the incident luminous flux density on a differential element of einem Punkt und in einer bestimmten Richtung einfallenden Lichts,
surface located at a point and oriented in a particular direction, ausgedrückt in Lumen pro Flächeneinheit. Da die betreffende
expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is Fläche unterschiedlich ist, wird es üblicherweise als
differential, it is customary to refer to this as illuminance at a point. Beleuchtungsstärke an einem Punkt bezeichnet. Der Name der
illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: Einheit hängt von der Einheit des Messbereichs ab: Fuß-Kerze,
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square wenn Quadratfuß als Bereich verwendet wird, und Lux, wenn
meters are used. (Adapted from IES) In lay terms, illuminance is a Quadratmeter verwendet werden. (übernommen von IES) In
measurement of light striking a surface. It is expressed in einfachen Worten: Beleuchtungsstärke ist ein Maß dafür, wie viel
footcandles in the U.S. (based on square feet) and in lux in most Licht auf eine Oberfläche auftrifft. In den USA wird es in Fuß-Kerzen
other countries (based on square meters). (auf Basis von Quadratfuß) und in den meisten anderen Ländern in
Lux (auf Basis von Quadratmetern) ausgedrückt.
an area of ground that development and building have modified in eine Bodenfläche, deren Bebauung und Gebäude so modifiziert
wurden, dass Niederschläge nicht nach unten in den Boden
such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through eindringen können. Beispiele undurchlässiger Flächen beinhalten
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been Dächer, gepflasterte Straßen und Parkflächen, Gehwege und
compacted either by design or by use. Böden, die entweder per Entwurf oder während des Gebrauchs
verdichtet wurden.
ein Bereich, in dem ein Beschäftigter bestimmte Aufgaben erledigt.

an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual Einzelarbeitsplätze können sich innerhalb von
individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should Gruppenarbeitsplätzen befinden. Sie sollten, wo möglich, separat
behandelt werden.
Wasser, das aus einer Fabrikanlage abgelassen wird. Bevor dieses

any water discharged from a factory setting. Before this water can Wasser für Bewässerungszwecke verwendet werden kann, muss
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation. seine Qualität überprüft werden. Salzhaltiges oder korrosives
Wasser sollte nicht für Bewässerung verwendet werden.
a site where at least 75% of the land area, exclusive of rights-of- ein Grundstück, bei dem mindestens 75 % der Landfläche, ohne
way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is Wegerechte, innerhalb 800 Meter (½ Meile) der Projektgrenze
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not zuvor bebaut wurde. Eine Straße oder ein Wegerecht stellt kein
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on zuvor bebautes Land dar. Es zählt der Status des Grundstücks auf
the other side of right-of-way or the street that matters. der anderen Seite des Wegerechts oder der Straße.

(HVAC) uncontrolled inward air leakage to conditioned spaces (HLK) unkontrollierter Luftverlust nach innen in klimatisierte
Bereiche durch unbeabsichtigte Öffnungen in Decken, Böden und
infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from Wänden von nicht klimatisierten Bereichen oder von außen,
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure verursacht durch dieselbe Druckdifferenz, die Exfiltration
verursacht. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010)
ein Wert zwischen 0 und 1 (oder 0 % und 100 %), der angibt, ob
a value between 0 and 1 (or 0% and 100%) that indicates the ein Material Infrarotstrahlung (Wärme) abhalten kann. Ein kühles
ability of a material to shed infrared radiation (heat). A cool roof Dach sollte eine hohe thermische Abstrahlung aufweisen. Der
should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for Wellenlängenbereich für die Strahlungsenergie liegt bei rund 5 bis
radiant energy is roughly 5 to 40 micrometers. Most building 50 Mikrometer. Die meisten Baumaterialien (einschließlich Glas)
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum sind in diesem Teil des Spektrums nicht durchlässig und weisen
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, eine Strahlung von rund 0,9 oder 90 % auf. Saubere, reine Metalle,
such as untarnished galvanized steel, have a low emittance and are wie zum Beispiel nicht angeschlagener, galvanisierter Stahl, haben
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast, eine geringe Strahlung und bilden die wichtigste Ausnahme der 0,9-
aluminum roof coatings have intermediate emittance levels. Regel. Dachbeschichtungen aus Aluminium weisen im Gegensatz
(Adapted from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) hierzu mittlere Strahlungsniveaus auf. (übernommen vom
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)
eine Person, die für einen Aufenthalt von mehr als 23 Stunden in
inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, eine medizinische, chirurgische, Entbindungs-, Spezial- oder
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours Intensivpflegeabteilung eingewiesen wird
medizinische, chirurgische, Entbindungs-, Spezial- oder

inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit Intensivpflegeabteilung, in der eine Person für einen Zeitraum von
mehr als 23 Stunden behandelt wird
an information conveyance system that cannot be easily removed. ein Informationsübermittlungssystem, das nicht einfach entfernt
For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency werden kann. Bei Möbeln kann eine solche Kennzeichnung durch
Funkfrequenzidentifikation, Gravur, Prägung oder andere
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking permanente Markierungen mit Informationen über den
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of Materialursprung, die Eigenschaften und das Herstellungsdatum
manufacture.
erfolgen.
a method of pest management that protects human health and eine Methode des Pflanzenschutzes, die die Gesundheit der
integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns Menschen und die Umgebung schützt und ökonomische Ergebnisse
management durch die effektivsten Optionen mit dem geringsten Risiko
through the most effective, least-risk option verbessert

ein Ansatz, der Menschen, Systeme und betriebliche Strukturen

an approach that involves people, systems, and business structures (vertragliche und gesetzliche Vereinbarungen) und Praktiken
einbezieht. Das Verfahren nutzt die Talente und Einblicke aller
integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve Beteiligten, um in allen Phasen des Entwurfs, der Herstellung und
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize der Konstruktion Ergebnisse zu verbessern, Wert für den
efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and Eigentümer zu erhöhen, Abfall zu reduzieren und die Effizienz zu
maximieren. (übernommen vom American Institute of Architects)
ein Dach, das im Vergleich mit einem extensiv begrünten Dach ein
a roof that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has größeres Bodenvolumen aufweist, eine breitere Vielfalt an Pflanzen
unterstützt (einschließlich Sträuchern und Bäumen) und mehr
greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including Nutzungsmöglichkeiten (einschließlich dem Zugang für Menschen)
shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including ermöglicht. Die Tiefe des Wachstumsmediums ist ein wichtiger
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants Faktor bei der Ermittlung des Werts des Lebensraums. Die für das
Dach ausgewählten nativen oder eingebürgerten Pflanzen sollten
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife die auf dem Grundstück endemischen Tierarten unterstützen.
populations. (Adapted from Green Roofs for Healthy Cities) (übernommen aus Green Roofs for Healthy Cities – grüne Dächer
für gesunde Städte)
alle, auf einem fertigen Unterboden oder auf Treppen

all the layers applied over a finished subfloor or stairs, including aufgebrachten Schichten, einschließlich Treppenstufen und
stair treads and risers, ramps, and other walking surfaces. Interior Setzstufen, Rampen und anderen begehbaren Oberflächen Die
Aufbauten von tragenden Bauteilen, wie zum Beispiel Balken,
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams,
trusses, studs, or subfloors, or similar items. Interior finish also Traversen, Bolzen oder Untergründe sowie ähnliche Teile zählen
nicht zu Fußbodenaufbauten. Auch nicht vollständig gesprühte
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives. Nassbeschichtungen oder Klebstoffe zählen nicht zu
Fußbodenaufbauten.
all the layers comprising the exposed interior surfaces of buildings, alle Oberflächen der freiliegenden Innenflächen von Gebäuden,
including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings, einschließlich festen Wänden, festen Trennwänden, Säulen,
interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish freiliegenden Decken und Innenvertäfelungen, Wandbekleidungen,
finish Innenverkleidungen oder anderen Abschlüssen, die mechanisch
applied mechanically or for decoration, acoustical correction, oder zur Dekoration, für akustische Zwecke, für Feuerbeständigkeit
der Oberfläche oder ähnliche Zwecke aufgebracht werden


ein Ort für freien Warenverkehr in einer einzelnen Ladeeinheit
a venue for the movement of goods in a single loading unit or road oder einem Straßenfahrzeug, an dem aufeinander folgend zwei
intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation oder mehr Transportmodi verwendet werden, ohne die Güter
selbst handhaben zu müssen
nicht native Vegetation, die in einem Gebiet eingeführt wurde und

nonnative vegetation that has been introduced to an area and that die sich aggressiv anpasst und reproduziert Die Vitalität der Pflanze
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. in Kombination mit einem Mangel an natürlichen Feinden führt oft
(Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture) zum Ausbruch von Populationen. (übernommen vom US-
Landwirtschaftsministerium)
electricity consumption by information technology and telecom Stromverbrauch durch Informationstechnologie und
IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage Telekommunikationsausrüstung, einschließlich Servern,
equipment over the course of a year Netzwerken und Speicherausrüstung über den Verlauf eines Jahres
ein Gerät, das Licht in einer Fassung ausstrahlt, ausgenommen

a device emitting light in a fixture, excluding lamp housing and Lampengehäuse und Vorschaltgeräte Auch als herkömmliche
meet this definition. Lampen verpackte Licht emittierende Dioden erfüllen diese
Definition
the useful span of operation of a source of artificial light, such as die Nutzungsdauer künstlicher Lichtquellen, wie zum Beispiel
bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three Lampen Die Lebensdauer von fluoreszierenden Leuchten wird
hours on for every 20 minutes off. For high-density discharge durch Tests mit drei Stunden "Ein" und 20 Minuten "Aus" ermittelt.
Bei Hochdruck-Entladungslampen basiert der Test auf 11 Stunden
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off.
Lamp life depends on whether the start ballast is program or "Ein" und 20 Minuten "Aus". Die Leuchtmittellebensdauer hängt
davon ab, ob das Start-Vorschaltgerät programmiert oder sofort
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’ einschaltet. Diese Information befindet sich in den Informationen
information. Also known as rated average life. des Herstellers. Auch als Nennlebensdauer bekannt.

eine private, gemeinnützige Organisation, die als Gesamtheit oder

als Teil ihrer Mission aktiv dafür arbeitet, Land zu erhalten, indem
actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in sie sich für die Erhaltung von Grunddienstbarkeiten oder
land trust Landakquisition einsetzt oder diese unterstützt oder durch den
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit solchem Land oder solchen
such land or easements (Adapted from Land Trust Alliance) Grunddienstbarkeiten (übernommen von der Land Trust Alliance –
Boden-Treuhandvereinigung)
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). natürliche Materialien (z. B. Fels, Erde, Stein, Vegetation) Künstlich
land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are hergestellte Materialien (z. B. Beton, Ziegel, Zement) werden als
considered construction waste even if they were on site. Bauschutt betrachtet, auch wenn sie auf dem Grundstück waren.
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for die Menge an Wasser, welche die Landschaftsbereiche des
Grundstücks in dem Monat mit dem höchsten Bewässerungsbedarf
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month benötigt
a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking eine von den US-Umweltschutzvorschriften unter dem Gesetz für
lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, sicheres Trinkwasser definierte Bezeichnung, die kleine Mengen
von Blei in Lötzinn, Flussmitteln, Rohren, Anschlussstücken und
pipe fittings, and well pumps Brunnenpumpen erlaubt
ein eingetragenes Pestizid in der Kategorie III (geringste Toxizität)

a registered pesticide in the Tier III (lowest toxicity) category, using nach dem San-Francisco-Gefahrenbewertungssystem oder ein
the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets Pestizid, das die Anforderungen des San-Francisco-Pestizid-
least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening Gefahrenüberwachungsprotokolls erfüllt, und das als in sich
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- geschlossener Köder verkauft wird oder als Anwendung für Ritzen
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants. und Spalten in Bereichen, die für Gebäudebewohner nicht
Rodenticides are never considered least-risk pesticides. zugänglich sind, eingesetzt wird Rodentizide werden nie als Pestizid
mit geringstem Risiko betrachtet.
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an der Zeitraum, den eine Person als Patient in einer
admitted patient Gesundheitseinrichtung verbringt
an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from eine Bewertung der Umweltauswirkungen eines Produkts von der
life-cycle assessment Wiege bis zur Bahre, wie nach ISO 14040–2006 und ISO 14044–
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 2006 definiert

a database that defines the environmental effects (inputs and eine Datenbank, in der die Umweltauswirkungen (Ein- und
Ausgänge) für jeden Schritt im Lebenszyklus eines Materials oder
life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The einer Baugruppe definiert sind. Die Datenbank ist spezifisch für
Länder und für Regionen innerhalb von Ländern.
waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed Abfalllicht von Gebäuden, das Blendung erzeugt, nach oben in den
light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not Himmel gerichtet oder vom Grundstück weg gerichtet ist.
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly Abfalllicht erhöht nicht die Sicherheit bei Dunkelheit, die
consumes energy. Versorgung oder Sicherheit und verbraucht unnötig Energie.
Transitservice mit Zügen mit zwei oder drei Wagen auf einer
transit service using two- or three-car trains in a right-of-way that Trasse, die oft von anderen Verkehrsmitteln getrennt ist Der
is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between Abstand zwischen Stationen beträgt tendenziell eine halbe Meile
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating oder mehr (0,8 km oder mehr), die maximalen
speeds are typically 40–55 mph (65–90 kmh). Light-rail corridors Betriebsgeschwindigkeiten liegen üblicherweise bei 65–90 km/h
typically extend 10 or more miles (16 kilometers). (40–55 mph ). Stadtbahnkorridore erstrecken sich üblicherweise
über 16 oder mehr Kilometer (10 oder mehr Meilen).
aufdringliche Beleuchtung, die aufgrund ihrer quantitativen,

obtrusive illumination that is unwanted because of quantitative, direktionalen oder spektralen Eigenschaften nicht gewünscht ist.
light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause
Lichtimmisionen können Ärger, Unbehagen, Ablenkung oder
annoyance, discomfort, distraction, or loss of visibility. Sichtverlust verursachen.
eine beabsichtigte Aktion eines Energieversorgungsunternehmens,

an intentional action by a utility to reduce the load on the system. um die Last auf dem System zu reduzieren Elektrischer Lastabwurf
load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such erfolgt üblicherweise während Notfallperioden, wie zum Beispiel
Kapazitätsengpässen, Systeminstabilität oder Spannungssteuerung.
für Anwohner und Beschäftigte einfach zugängliche

long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees Fahrradabstellplätze mit Abdeckung zum Schutz der Fahrräder vor
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow Regen und Schnee
an operational improvement, such as a repair, upgrade, or staff eine betriebliche Verbesserung, wie zum Beispiel eine Reparatur,
training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the eine Aktualisierung oder Mitarbeiterschulung oder Nachschulung
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility Bei LEED bestimmt das Projektteam die angemessene Obergrenze
für kostengünstige Verbesserungen auf der Basis von
resources and operating budgets. Standortressourcen und Betriebsbudgets.

ein Ansatz für das Management von Regenwasserüberlauf, der die

vor Ort vorhandenen natürlichen Eigenschaften zum Schutz der
natural features to protect water quality, by replicating the natural Wasserqualität nutzt, indem die natürlich vorhandenen
land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff Wassereinzugsgebiete repliziert werden und der Überlauf in die
Nähe seines Ursprungs geleitet wird. Zu den Beispielen zählen
low-impact development close to its source. Examples include better site design principles bessere Baustellenentwurfsprinzipien (z. B. Minimierung der
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain negativen Auswirkungen auf das Land, Erhaltung der Vegetation,
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, Minimierung der undurchlässigen Oberflächen) und
Entwurfspraktiken (z. B. bepflanzte Versickerungsflächen, begrünte
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered Senken und Puffer, durchlässiges Pflaster, Regenwassersammler,
practices that may require specialized design assistance. Bodenverbesserer). Dies sind technische Praktiken, die eventuell
spezialisierte Entwurfsunterstützung erfordern.
Wasser, das in ein Kühlturmsystem oder einen

water that is fed into a cooling tower system or evaporative Verdampfungskühler gefüllt wird, um Wasser zu ersetzen, das
makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- durch Verdampfung, Drift, Überlaufventile oder aufgrund anderer
Ursachen verloren geht
um ein bestimmtes Volumen an Niederschlägen zu erhalten und

to capture and retain a specified volume of rainfall to mimic die natürliche hydrologische Funktion nachzuahmen Beispiele für
manage (rainwater) on site Regenwasserhandhabung umfassen Strategien, die
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and Evapotranspiration, Einsickerung sowie Auffangen und
capture and reuse. Wiederverwenden beinhalten.
die Grenzen eines Grundstückbebauungsplans Die

the limits of a site master plan. The master plan boundary includes Bebauungsplangrenze beinhaltet die Projektfläche und kann alle
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites verbundenen Gebäude und Grundstücke außerhalb der LEED-
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary Projekt-Begrenzung beinhalten. Die Bebauungsplangrenze
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. berücksichtigt zukünftige nachhaltige Nutzung, Erweiterung und
Schrumpfung.
eine Messung des emittierten Lichts einer Lichtquelle, abgeleitet

of a source’s emitted light derived from industry standards, taken von Branchenstandards, gemessen mit einem Schnellstart-
mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as Vorschaltgerät mit einem Vorschaltfaktor von 1,0 und bei 40 % der
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a
Lampenlebensdauer (ausgenommen T-5-Lampen, die ein
program-start ballast) programmiertes Vorschaltgerät verwenden)

an item of furniture designed for use in health care. Examples ein Möbelstück für die Verwendung im Gesundheitswesen
include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology Beispiele umfassen Operationstische, Wagen für Verfahren,
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and Bevorratung und mobile Technologie, Hebe- und Transferhilfen,
overbed tables. Versorgungsschrankwagen und Regale sowie Über-Bett-Tische.
a regulator that limits the flow time of water, generally a manual- eine Regulierung zur Beschränkung der Wasserflusszeit, allgemein
metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory ein Gerät mit manueller Ein- und Abschaltung, am häufigsten an
faucets and showers Wasserhähnen und Duschen installiert
white and colored paper, envelopes, forms, file folders, tablets, weißes und buntes Papier, Umschläge, Formulare, Aktenordner,
mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone Notizblöcke, Flyer, Lebensmittelkartons, Packpapier, Kataloge,
books, and photos Magazine, Telefonbücher und Fotos
Regale und Schränke, so konzipiert, dass sie einfach installiert,

shelving and cabinetry designed to be easily installed, moved, or bewegt oder neu konfiguriert werden können. Elemente im
reconfigured. In a retail setting, items that are movable but Einzelhandel, die beweglich sind, aber mit mechanischen
modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for Befestigungssystemen für die betriebliche Verwendung
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building halbdauernd angebracht werden, zählen zu den Möbeln und nicht
elements (e.g., a table or display bolted to the floor, or shelving zu den grundlegenden Gebäudeelementen (z. B. ein am Boden
attached to a wall). befestigter Tisch oder Bildschirm oder an der Wand befestigte
Regale).
der Abstand zwischen dem Boden (oder der Arbeitsebene) und der
the distance between ground level (or the workplane) and the Unterseite der Leuchte (Beleuchtungskörper); die Höhe, auf der
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a eine Leuchte installiert wird. (übernommen von Light a Home – ein
Haus beleuchten)
movable furniture and Elemente, die von den Nutzern bewegt werden können, ohne
items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or Werkzeug oder Unterstützung durch spezielle Gewerke und
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management Anlagenwartung
ein Grundstück, für das ein Bebauungsplan für den Ausbau von
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, Geschäften, Restaurants und andere Unternehmen erstellt wurde
services and common areas. Einzelhändler können manche Services und Gemeinschaftsbereiche
gemeinsam nutzen

a unique five- or six-digit number used to identify specific lamps, eine eindeutige fünf- oder sechsstellige Zahl zur Identifizierung
NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors bestimmter Lampen, die vom Nationalen Verband der
Elektrohändler verwendet wird
eine einheimische Spezies, die in einer bestimmten Region, einem

an indigenous species that occurs in a particular region, bestimmten Ökosystem und Lebensraum und ohne direkte oder
ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions. indirekte Einwirkung des Menschen wächst Einheimische Spezies
Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and haben sich mit der Geografie, Hydrologie und dem Klima dieser
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they Region entwickelt. Sie wachsen auch in Gemeinschaften, d. h. sie
native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these haben sich zusammen mit anderen Spezies entwickelt. Als Folge
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife bieten diese Gemeinschaften Lebensraum für eine Vielzahl anderer
species. Species native to North America are generally recognized einheimischer Spezies. Als in Nordamerika einheimische Spezies
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. werden im Allgemeinen jene bezeichnet, die vor der Besiedlung
Also known as native plants. durch Europäer auf dem Kontinent wuchsen. Auch als einheimische
Pflanzen bekannt.
ein künstlich hergestellter Verbundstoff, der zur Kühlung

substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric verwendet wird. Solche Substanzen haben im Allgemeinen ein
natural refrigerant geringeres Potential für atmosphärische Schäden als künstlich
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples hergestellte chemische Kühlmittel. Beispiele umfassen Wasser,
include water, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. Kohlendioxid und Ammoniak.
Natural Resources eine Bodenumfrage in den USA, welche die Abgrenzung zwischen
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil unterschiedlichen Bodenarten und speziellen Bodeneigenschaften
soils delineation auf dem Grundstück aufzeigt
the natural land cover function of water occurrence, distribution, die natürliche Landabdeckungsfunktion des Auftretens, Verteilens,
movement, and balance Verschiebens und des Ausgleichs von Wasser
die Summe aller Innenflächen im Projekt, die für das Programm

the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the des Projekts zur Verfügung stehen. Dies beinhaltet keine Flächen
für bauliche Einrichtungen, vertikale Zirkulation oder tragende
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. Bauteile.

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or ein öffentlicher Bereich, Diagnose- oder Behandlungsbereich, eine
non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals Ambulanzeinheit oder jeder andere Bereich in einer medizinischen
who have been admitted for care Einrichtung, der nicht für stationäre Patienten vorgesehen ist
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards Wasser, das die Trinkwassernormen nicht erfüllt
ein Bereich, durch den Personen hindurchgehen oder ein Bereich,

an area that people pass through or an area used for focused der im Durchschnitt weniger als eine Stunde pro Person und pro
activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The Tag für gebündelte Tätigkeiten genutzt wird. Die einstündige
non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time Zeitspanne ist eine durchgehende Zeit und sie soll auf der Zeit
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used basieren, während der ein typischer Nutzer die Fläche nutzt. Die
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a einstündige Zeitspanne soll auf Flächen, die nicht täglich genutzt
typical occupant spends in the space when it is in use. werden, auf der Zeit basieren, die ein typische Nutzer auf der
Fläche verbringt, während sie genutzt wird.
dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human trockene sanitäre Anlagen und Einbauten, die menschliche
nonwater toilet systems Ausscheidungen aufnehmen und durch mikrobiologische Prozesse
waste via microbiological processes abbauen
a plumbing fixture having a water flush with a trap that contains a eine sanitäre Anlage mit einer Wasserspülung und einem Deckel,
nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer der eine Schicht aus einer ansteigenden Flüssigkeit enthält, welche
gas and odors über dem Urin treibt und dadurch Kanalgas und Gerüche blockiert
a system or switch that a person in the space can directly access ein System oder Schalter, auf das/den eine Person im Raum direkt
and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. zugreifen und das/den sie verwenden kann. Hierzu zählen
occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system Arbeitsplatzleuchten, offene Schalter und Jalousien.
Temperatursensoren, Lichtschranken oder zentral gesteuerte
is not occupant controlled. Systeme sind keine Nutzersteuerung.
ein abgeschlossener Raum, der für menschliche Aktivitäten

an enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those vorgesehen ist. Ausgenommen sind Räume, die primär für andere
occupiable space spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as Zwecke vorgesehen sind, wie Lagerräume und Geräteräume, und
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only die nur gelegentlich und für eine kurze Zeit belegt sind (siehe
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers (ASHRAE))

enclosed space intended for human activities, excluding those abgeschlossener Raum, der für menschliche Aktivitäten
spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as vorgesehen ist. Ausgenommen sind Räume, die primär für andere
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied Zwecke vorgesehen sind, wie Lagerräume und Geräteräume, und
occasionally and for short periods of time. Occupied spaces are die nur gelegentlich und für eine kurze Zeit belegt sind. Belegte
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied Räume werden weiterhin anhand der Dauer der Belegung
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or eingeteilt in regelmäßig oder nicht-regelmäßig belegte Räume,
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or anhand der Anzahl der Personen in Einpersonen- oder
nondensely occupied spaces based on the concentration of Mehrpersonenräume und anhand der Konzentration von Personen
occupants in the space. im Raum in dicht oder weniger dicht belegte Räume.
a product that has a low cost per unit and is regularly used and ein Produkt mit geringem Stückpreis, das regelmäßig verwendet
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner und im Rahmen des Geschäftsverlaufs ersetzt wird. Hierzu zählen
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as Papier, Tonerpatronen, Hefter, Batterien und Schreibtischzubehör.
ongoing purchases. Auch bekannt als Büroartikel.
on-site wastewater the transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of wastewater der Transport, die Lagerung, Behandlung und Entsorgung von
treatment generated on the project site Abwasser am Projektstandort
Straßenbelag aus beweglichen Substraten, die von einem Netz aus

pavements that consist of loose substrates supported by a grid of a einem strukturell festem Gitter oder Gewebe gestützt werden.
more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and Durchlässiger Beton und poröser Asphalt werden nicht als
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered versickerungsfähig angesehen, da sie zu den gebundenen
bounded materials. Unbounded, loose substrates do not transfer Materialien gehören. Ungebundene, bewegliche Substrate
and store heat like bound and compacted materials do. übertragen und speichern im Gegensatz zu gebundenen und
verdichteten Materialien keine Wärme.
ein Plan, der die wichtigsten Betriebsparameter und -grenzen des

a plan that specifies major system operating parameters and limits, Systems, Wartungsverfahren und -pläne sowie
operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation Dokumentationsmethoden festlegt, die zum Nachweis des
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and ordnungsgemäßen Betriebs und der Wartung eines zugelassenen
maintenance of an approved emissions control device or system Gerätes oder Systems zur Überprüfung von Emissionen notwendig
sind.
a luminaire intended for illuminating portions of the circulation ein Beleuchtungskörper, der zur Beleuchtung von Teilen des
network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to Straßenverkehrs und auch zur Dekoration dient und zusätzlich zur
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a Bereitstellung einer Optik, die im Grunde derjenigen einer
Straßenbeleuchtung gleicht, und ein dekoratives oder historisch
decorative or historical period appearance anmutendes Erscheinungsbild hat

a patient who is not hospitalized for 24 hours or more but who ein Patient, der nicht mindestens 24 Stunden in einem
Krankenhaus bleibt, der aber ein Krankenhaus, eine Klinik oder eine
outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis entsprechende Gesundheitseinrichtung wegen einer Diagnose oder
or treatment
Behandlung besucht
a written document that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria ein geschriebenes Dokument, das die Ideen, Konzepte und
owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the Kriterien einzeln aufführt, die der Besitzer als wichtige Punkte für
project den Erfolg des Projektes festgelegt hat
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location ein Patientenbett, Infusionsstuhl, Aufwachraum oder ein anderer
where a patient receives clinical care Ort, an dem ein Patient eine medizinische Versorgung erhält
the maximum electricity load at a specific point in time or over a die maximale Strombelastung zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt
peak demand period of time oder in einem Zeitraum
the month with the greatest deficit between evapotranspiration der Monat mit dem größten Defizit aus Evapotranspiration und
and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region Niederschlag. Das ist der Monat, in dem die Pflanzen in der Region
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- des Standortes möglicherweise das meiste zusätzliche Wasser
benötigen; üblicherweise ein Monat mitten im Sommer.
summer month. (Sustainable Sites Initiative) (Sustainable Sites Initiative)
a structure that cannot be moved by the user without tools or eine Struktur, die vom Benutzer nicht ohne Werkzeuge oder Hilfe
aus dem Spezialhandel oder vom Gebäudemanagement bewegt
permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples werden kann. Hierzu zählen Abzüge, befestigte Trennwände,
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or abnehmbare, undurchsichtige Trennwände bis zur vollen oder
teilweisen Höhe, einige Displays und Geräte.
der Wechsel des Energieverbrauchs zu Schwachlaststunden, d. h.

permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when zu Zeiten, wenn der Energiebedarf geringer und Energie daher
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive
günstiger ist
permeable pavement a paved surface that allows water runoff to infiltrate into the eine gepflasterte Oberfläche, die das Abfließen von Wasser und
ground damit das Einsickern in den Boden ermöglicht

eine Substanz, die ein Langzeitrisiko für Mensch und Umwelt

a substance that poses a long-term risk to both humans and the darstellt, da sie lange Zeit in der Umgebung bleibt, beim Aufsteigen
environment because it remains in the environment for long in der Nahrungskette ihre Konzentration erhöht und sich noch weit
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, entfernt von der Kontaminationsquelle ausbreitet. Solche
toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these Substanzen können häufig stärker und schädlicher für ein
substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems Ökosystem werden, je länger sie bestehen. Siehe auch:
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent www.epa.gov/pbt/ (Webseite der amerikanischen
bioaccumulative toxic chemicals, www.epa.gov/pbt/. Umweltschutzbehörde (EPA) zum Thema persistente,
bioakkumulative, giftige Chemikalien)
ein Bereich, in dem Patienten im Gesundheitswesen, Besucher und

an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to Personal die Vorteile für die Gesundheit genießen können, die eine
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief) natürliche Umgebung bietet. (Übernommen aus dem Green Guide
for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief)
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to der elektrische Strom, der von allen Geräten entnommen wird, die
plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. über eine Steckdose mit dem elektrischen System verbunden sind.
Abfall, der von Haushalten oder kommerziellen und

waste generated by households or commercial, industrial and Fertigungsanlagen sowie von staatlichen Einrichtungen in ihrer
postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can Rolle als Endverbraucher eines Produktes erzeugt wird, welches
content
no longer be used for its intended purpose nicht mehr für seinen vorgesehenen Zweck verwendet werden
kann
Wasser, das die Qualitätsstandards für Trinkwasser der

water that meets or exceeds U.S. Environmental Protection Agency amerikanischen Umweltschutzbehörde (oder einer gleichwertigen
drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the regionalen Behörde außerhalb von Amerika) erfüllt oder übersteigt
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local
und das vom Staat oder von befugten regionalen Behörden für den
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or Verzehr durch den Menschen zugelassen wurde. Es kann aus
municipal water systems Quellen oder kommunalen Versorgungssystemen stammen

the electrical power from a device that allocates power to and die Stromversorgung durch ein Gerät, das IT-Anlagen mit Strom
serves information technology (IT) equipment. Power distribution versorgt und nur dem Betrieb dieser Anlagen dient. Der Verbrauch
an einer PDU Steckdosenleiste schließt nicht Wirkungsgradverluste
unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any durch irgendeine Art der Umwandlung ein, die innerhalb der PDU
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as geschieht, aber er kann nachgeschaltete Zusatzgeräte außerhalb
power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer des IT-Bereichs einschließen, die an IT-Racks angebracht sind, z. B.
Belüfter. Wenn die PDU Nicht-IT-Geräte unterstützt (z. B.
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row Klimaanlagen und -schränke in Computerräumen und
PDU output reading. The metering approach should be consistent Reihenkühler), dann muss der Bedarf dieser Geräte gemessen und
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) vom Messwert für die PDU abgezogen werden. Der Messansatz
sollte mit der Messung vereinbar sein, die für die PUE-Kategorie
category (e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE (Power Usage Efficiency) erforderlich ist (z. B. kontinuierliche
categories 1, 2, and 3). Verbrauchsmessung für PUE-Kategorien 1-3).
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; ein Maß dafür, wie effizient ein Datenzentrum seine Energie nutzt,
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment und im Besonderen dafür, wie viel Energie von EDV-Geräten
effectiveness (PUE) rather than for cooling and other overhead verbraucht wird und nicht von Kühl- oder anderen Systemen
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does elektrische und batteriebetriebene Bohnermaschinen und Polierer.
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications Hierzu zählen keine Geräte, die feucht verwendet werden
Materialien, die während des Herstellungsprozesses aus dem

matter diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing Abfallstrom entfernt werden; werden als Prozentsatz des
process, determined as the percentage of material, by weight. Gesamtmaterials und anhand des Gewichtes ermittelt. Hierzu
Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, zählen Hobelspäne, Sägespäne, Bagasse, Walnussschalen,
preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete Ausschuss, zugeschnittene Materialien, Produkte mit zu hohen
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap Emissionen und veraltete Vorräte. Diese Bezeichnung beinhaltet
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that nicht nachbearbeitete, nachgeschliffene oder Schrottmaterialien,
generated them (ISO 14021). Formerly known as postindustrial die im selben Prozess wiederverwendet werden können, in dem sie
content. hergestellt wurden (siehe ISO 14021). Früher auch bekannt als
postindustrieller Anteil.

the parking spots closest to the main entrance of a building Parkplätze, die am dichtesten am Haupteingang eines Gebäudes
liegen (ausgenommen Parkplätze für Behinderte). Der Begriff
preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For bezieht sich bei Mitarbeiterparkplätzen auf diejenigen Parkplätze,
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the die am dichtesten an dem von den Mitarbeitern verwendeten
Eingang liegen.
der Verschleiß oder Nichtgebrauch von Komponenten oder

the wearing out or disuse of components or materials whose Materialien, deren Gebrauchsdauer ihre Lebensdauer
service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a überschreitet. Ein Material mit potentieller Lebensdauer von 30
Jahren ist beispielsweise absichtlich so konzipiert, dass es nur 15
premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 Jahre lang eingesetzt werden kann, sodass die 15 weiteren
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as Gebrauchsjahre möglicherweise verschwendet werden. Im
their expected use are utilized to their maximum potential. Gegensatz dazu wird das maximale Potential von Komponenten
ausgeschöpft, wenn ihre Gebrauchsdauer ihrer erwarteten
Nutzungsdauer entspricht.
Umbauarbeiten durch Nutzung von Straßenbelägen, Anlagen

altered by paving, construction, and/or land use that would und/oder Land, deren Beginn üblicherweise einer behördlichen
Zustimmung bedarf (diese Umbauarbeiten können in der
typically have required regulatory permitting to have been initiated Gegenwart durchgeführt werden oder in der Vergangenheit
stattgefunden haben). Land, das zuvor nicht bearbeitet wurde, und
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or Landschaften, die durch heutige oder frühere Rodung bzw.
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or Aufschüttung, land- oder forstwirtschaftliche Nutzung oder für die
date of previous development permit issuance constitutes the date Verwendung als Naturschutzgebiet umgestaltet wurden, werden
als unentwickeltes Land betrachtet. Das Datum der vorherigen
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not Genehmigungserteilung für Umbauarbeiten bezeichnet das Datum
constitute previous development. der vorherigen Umbauarbeiten, aber die Genehmigungserteilung
alleine stellt keine vorherigen Umbauarbeiten dar.
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously ein Standort, der vor dem Projekt zu mindestens 75 % aus bereits
previously developed site developed land bearbeitetem Land bestand.

Land mit der besten Verbindung aus physikalischen und

chemischen Eigenschaften zur Produktion von Lebensmitteln,
characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed Tierfutter, Pflanzendünger, Textilfasern und Ölpflanzen, und das
auch für diesen Einsatz genutzt werden kann (wie vom
crops and that is available for these uses, as determined by the U.S. amerikanischen Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources
prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Conservation Service, einer Abteilung der Umweltschutzbehörde,
productive soil). For a complete description of what qualifies as vorgegeben, was eine amerikanische Vorgehensweise darstellt, bei
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, der Kriterien für produktive Erde festgelegt werden). Für eine
vollständige Beschreibung davon, wodurch sich ein Land als
Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5. Ackerland qualifiziert, siehe auch: U.S. Code of Federal Regulations,
Titel 7, Ausgabe 6, Teile 400 bis 699, Abschnitt 657.5.
a device that measures water flow and is installed downstream ein Gerät zur Messung des Wasserdurchflusses, das stromabwärts
vom Zähler der öffentlichen Wasserversorgung oder als Teil eines
private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water Vor-Ort-Wassersystems angebracht ist, welches vom
Gebäudemanagement unterhalten wird
Energiequellen, die zur Unterstützung eines Herstellungs-,

power resources consumed in support of a manufacturing, industriellen oder kommerziellen Prozesses verbraucht werden,
industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces aber nicht zur Klimatisierung von Räumen und zum Erhalt des
process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food Komforts oder der Annehmlichkeiten von Gebäudenutzern. Hierzu
können Kühlanlagen, Kochgeräte und Geräte zur Zubereitung von
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances. Speisen, Waschmaschinen und andere wichtige unterstützende
(ASHRAE) Geräte zählen. (siehe ASHRAE)
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release die Last auf ein Gebäude, die aus dem Verbrauch oder der
load of process energy (ASHRAE) Freisetzung von Prozessenergie resultiert (siehe ASHRAE)
water that is used for industrial processes and building systems, Wasser, das in industriellen Prozessen und Gebäudesystemen
verwendet wird, z. B. Kühltürme, Boiler und Kälteanlagen. Der
process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to Begriff kann sich auch auf Wasser beziehen, das in
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes Betriebsprozessen verwendet wird, z. B. beim Abwasch,
Wäschewaschen und bei der Eisherstellung.

ein Gegenstand, der entweder als vorgefertigtes Element zur

an item that arrives on the project site either as a finished element sofortigen Anbringung oder als Komponente eines anderen, vor Ort
zusammenzufügenden Gegenstandes am Projektstandort eintrifft.
ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled Die Produkteinheit ist durch die funktionalen
product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and Nutzungsanforderungen bei dem Projekt definiert. Hierzu zählen
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently die physikalischen Komponenten und Leistungen, die zur Erfüllung
der vorgesehenen Funktion des dauerhaft angebrachten
installed building product. In addition, similar products within a Bauprodukts notwendig sind. Zudem können ähnliche Produkte
specification can each contribute as separate products. innerhalb einer Spezifikation jeweils als eigenständiges Produkt
mitwirken.
ein System, mit dem der Öffentlichkeit Wasser zum Verzehr über
a system for the provision to the public of water for human Rohre oder andere errichtete Transportwege bereitgestellt werden
consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To soll. Ein solches System muss mindestens 15 Hausanschlüsse oder
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted regelmäßig mindestens 25 Personen versorgen, um als öffentlich
gelten zu können. (Übernommen von der US-
from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Umweltschutzbehörde)
die Aufnahme, Umleitung und Lagerung von Regenwasser zum

the capture, diversion, and storage of rain for future beneficial späteren nutzbringenden Einsatz. Normalerweise speichert eine
use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other Regentonne oder eine Zisterne das Wasser. Weitere Komponenten
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance sind unter anderem ein Sammelbecken und ein
system. The harvested rainwater can be used for irrigation. Beförderungssystem. Das eingefangene Regenwasser kann zur
Bewässerung eingesetzt werden.
the basic substance from which products are made, such as die Grundsubstanz, aus der Produkte hergestellt werden, wie
raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., Beton, Glas, Gips, Gemäuer, Metalle, recycelte Materialien (z. B.
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, Kunststoffe und Metalle), Öl (Erdöl, Polymilchsäure), Stein,
agrifiber, bamboo, and wood Agrofaser, Bambus und Holz
Abwasser, das zur Wiederverwendung behandelt und gereinigt

reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse wurde
defined in accordance with the International Organization of gemäß dem Dokument ISO 14021 – Umweltkennzeichnungen und
Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and -deklarationen – Umweltbezogene Anbietererklärungen
recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II (Umweltkennzeichnung Typ II) der Internationalen Organisation für
environmental labeling) Normung (ISO) definiert

reference the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no die Wassermenge, die eine spezifische vegetierte Oberfläche ohne
moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the Feuchtigkeitsbegrenzung verliert. Gras von 120 mm Höhe ist die
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. Referenzvegetation.
ein für den Projektstandort typischer Boden, wie er in

Bodenuntersuchungen des Natural Resources Conservation Service
a soil native to the project site, as described in Natural Resources (oder einer regionalen, gleichwertigen Untersuchung außerhalb
Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey von Amerika) beschrieben wird, oder ungestörte einheimische
outside the United States), or undisturbed native soils within the Böden innerhalb der Region, in der das Projekt durchgeführt wird,
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil mit einheimischer Vegetation, Topographie und Bodentexturen, die
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing dem Projektstandort ähneln. Für Projektstandorte ohne
soil, reference soils are defined as undisturbed native soils within vorhandene Böden werden Referenzböden definiert als ungestörte
the project’s region that support appropriate native plant species einheimische Böden innerhalb der Region, in der das Projekt
similar to those intended for the new project. durchgeführt wird, die passende einheimische Pflanzenarten
unterstützen, welche den für das neue Projekt vorgesehenen Arten
ähneln.
ein Gegenstand, der seinen Lebenszyklus abgeschlossen hat und

an item that has completed its life cycle and is prepared for reuse dessen Wiederverwendung ohne wesentliche Änderung seiner
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the Form vorbereitet wird. Aufbereitung beinhaltet den Umbau, die
Reparatur und Wiederherstellung oder allgemein die Verbesserung
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a des Aussehens, der Leistung, Qualität, Funktionalität oder die
product. Erhöhung des Wertes eines Produktes.
an area where one or more individuals normally spend time (more ein Bereich, in dem eine oder mehrere Personen üblicherweise
sitzend oder stehend Zeit verbringen (durchschnittlich mehr als
than one hour per person per day on average) seated or standing eine Stunde pro Person und pro Tag) während sie arbeiten, lernen
as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a oder anderen gebündelten Tätigkeiten in einem Gebäude
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces nachgehen. Die einstündige Zeitspanne ist eine durchgehende Zeit
und sie soll auf der Zeit basieren, während der ein typischer Nutzer
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based die Fläche nutzt. Die einstündige Zeitspanne soll auf Flächen, die
on the time a typical occupant spends in the space when it is in nicht täglich genutzt werden, auf der Zeit basieren, die ein typische
use.
Nutzer auf der Fläche verbringt, während sie genutzt wird.

a frequently used means of gaining access to a building. Examples ein häufig verwendetes Mittel, um Zugang zu einem Gebäude zu
include the main building entrance as well as any building erhalten. Hierzu zählen der Haupteingang eines Gebäudes sowie
regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking jeder an Parkmöglichkeiten, Tiefgaragen, Untergrund-Wege oder
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical Außenräume angeschlossene Eintrittsweg. Atypische Eingänge,
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between Notausgänge, Atrien, Verbindungen zwischen Hallen und
concourses, and interior spaces are not included. Innenräume gehören nicht dazu.
jeder Verwendungszweck von Gebäuden mit verbindlichen oder

regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive vorgeschriebenen Anforderungen nach ANSI/ASHRAE/IES-Standard
90.1–2010
ein Gegenstand, der repariert oder angepasst und dem

an item that has been repaired or adjusted and returned to Kundendienst zurückgegeben wurde. Man kann davon ausgehen,
remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as
dass ein wiederaufbereitetes Produkt so gut funktioniert als wäre
if it were new. es neu.
energy sources that are not depleted by use. Examples include Energiequellen, die sich nicht durch ihre Nutzung erschöpfen.
Beispiele hierfür sind Sonnen- und Windenergie, Kleinwasserkraft
renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, (umweltschonend) sowie geothermische Energie und Systeme, die
Fluten und Gezeiten ausnutzen.
ein handelbares Gut zum Nachweis dafür, dass eine Einheit Strom
a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity aus einer regenerativen Quelle erzeugt wurde. Ein REC wird
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of getrennt vom Strom verkauft, sodass einem Nutzer von
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. konventionell hergestelltem Strom der Kauf von grüner Energie
ermöglicht wird.
der erneute Einsatz von Materialien in gleicher oder ähnlicher

the reemployment of materials in the same or a related capacity as Funktion wie ihre ursprüngliche Verwendung und dadurch
their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials Verlängerung der Lebensdauer von Materialien, die ansonsten
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery entsorgt würden. Wiederverwendung beinhaltet die
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or Rückgewinnung und den erneuten Einsatz von Materialien, die aus
construction sites. Also known as salvage. vorhandenen Gebäuden oder Baustellen gewonnen wurden. Auch
bekannt als Wiederverwertung von Altmaterial.

the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that der gesamte Bereich der Gebäudestruktur, des Gebäudekerns und
reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design undGebäudehülle,
der der im vorherigen Gebäudezustand existierte
im fertigen Design erhalten bleibt
ein Messinstrument, das zur Einhaltung strikter

required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue Präzisionsstandards entwickelt wurde, die von Kodizes oder
revenue-grade meter Gesetzen vorgegeben werden. Verbrauchszähler werden oft als
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the geeichter Zähler bezeichnet, und ihre Messungen ziehen eine
customer. sofortige Gebühr für den Kunden nach sich.
eine Beförderungsleistung, bei der Menschen gemeinsam in einem

a transit service in which individuals travel together in a passenger Pkw oder in einem kleinen Van reisen, in dem mindestens vier
car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include Personen sitzen können. Darunter können auch menschlich
human-powered conveyances, which must accommodate at least angetriebene Beförderungsmittel fallen, in denen mindestens zwei
rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, Personen untergebracht sein müssen. Es muss einen
fixed route service, fixed fare structure, regular operation, and the abgeschlossenen Beifahrer-Sitzbereich, einen vorgegebenen
ability to pick up multiple riders. Strecken-Service, vorgegebene Preisstrukturen, regelmäßige
Fahrten und die Möglichkeit geben, mehrere Mitfahrer abzuholen.
a construction component recovered from existing buildings or ein Bauteil, das aus vorhandenen Gebäuden oder Baustellen
gewonnen wurde und erneut verwendet wird. Zu den häufigen
salvaged material construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include weiterverwendbaren Altmaterialien gehören Strukturbalken und
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and Pfähle, Beläge, Türen, Möbel, Backsteine und dekorative
decorative items.
Gegenstände.
the authority responsible for decision making about school die Behörden, die für Entscheidungen rund um den Schulbetrieb,
school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. Bezirke, Personal, Finanzierung und künftige Entwicklung zuständig
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious sind. Hierzu zählen unter anderem Schulämter, Landesregierungen
institutions. und religiöse Institutionen.
Treibhausgasemissionen, die unmittelbar von Quellen ausgestoßen

direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled werden, welche zu einer Einheit gehören oder von der Einheit
Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site betrieben werden, z. B. Emissionen aus fossilen Energieträgern, die
vor Ort verbrannt werden

Treibhausgasemissionen, die nicht unmittelbar ausgestoßen

indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation werden und mit der Erzeugung von gekauftem Strom,
Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through Heizung/Kühlung oder Dampf außerhalb des Standorts verbunden
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption sind. Dies entstehen durch einen Stromversorger, der die Einheit
versorgt
the percentage of analysis points across the analysis area that der Prozentsatz der Analysepunkte im gesamten Analysebereich,
sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis der mindestens während der Hälfte des Analysezeitraums 300 Lux
period erreicht oder überschreitet
the information technology (IT) load as measured at the point of die IT-Belastung, gemessen am Verbindungspunkt des IT-Gerätes
connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical mit dem Stromversorgungssystem (z. B. über die Steckdose). Server
server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the Input erfasst die tatsächliche Strombelastung des IT-Gerätes
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT abzüglich seiner Stromverteilungsverluste und Nicht-IT-Belastung
loads (e.g., rack-mounted fans). (z. B. Einschublüfter).
die voraussichtliche Zeitspanne, in der ein Gebäude, ein Produkt

service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly oder eine Baugruppe zum Zweck einer Lebenszyklusbewertung
funktionsfähig sein wird
a place of congregation, or where occupants pursue overlapping or ein Versammlungsort oder ein Ort, an dem Bewohner sich
shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks überschneidende oder gemeinschaftliche Aufgaben erledigen
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space ein Bereich, der konzipiert wurde, um für eine künftige Expansion
shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. gerüstet zu sein. Ein Reserveraum ist von der Gebäudehülle
umschlossen, aber ansonsten unvollendet.
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period nicht-abgegrenzter Parkplatz für Fahrräder, der von Besuchern
of two hours or less. normalerweise für zwei Stunden oder weniger verwendet wird.
(auch bekannt als "Baukörpermodell-Energieanalyse"). Eine

(also known as “building-massing model energy analysis”) a simple einfache Basismodell-Energieanalyse, die das Team über die
simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to wahrscheinliche Verteilung des Energieverbrauchs informiert und
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis die verwendet wird, um mögliche Energiestrategien bei einem
Projekt zu bewerten. Bei der einfachen Energievolumen-Analyse
uses a basic, schematic building form. wird eine grundlegende, schematische Gebäudeform verwendet.

eine Beurteilung eines Gebietes hinsichtlich seiner ober- und

an evaluation of an area’s aboveground and subsurface unterirdischen Eigenschaften einschließlich seiner Strukturen,
characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site Geologie und Hydrologie. Standort-Bewertungen helfen
assessments typically help determine whether contamination has üblicherweise dabei zu bestimmen, ob eine Verunreinigung
site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of aufgetreten ist, und in welchem Ausmaß bzw. welcher
pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated Konzentration möglicherweise freigesetzte Schadstoffe vorliegen.
during site assessments. Sanierungsentscheidungen beruhen auf Informationen, die
während der Standort-Bewertung erstellt wurden.
ein übergreifendes Design- oder Entwicklungskonzept für das

an overall design or development concept for the project and Projekt und zugehörige (oder möglicherweise zugehörige) Gebäude
associated (or potentially associated) buildings and sites. The plan und Standorte. Dieser Plan berücksichtigt die künftige nachhaltige
site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The Verwendung, Erweiterung und Verkleinerung. Der örtliche
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if Entwicklungsplan ist üblicherweise illustriert und enthält
applicable), site drawings of planned phased development, and Gebäudepläne (sofern zutreffend), Standortzeichnungen der
narrative descriptions. geplanten schrittweisen Entwicklung und erzählende
Beschreibungen.
ein Bereich, dessen Funktionen leicht geändert werden können.

an area whose functions can be easily changed. For example, Verwaltungsbüros von Krankenhäusern könnten beispielsweise
versetzt werden, damit diese Räume mit hoher Nutzungsflexibilität
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with in ein Labor umgebaut werden können. Im Gegensatz dazu wäre es
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to schwer, ein Labor mit speziellen Geräten und besonderer
relocate.
Infrastruktur zu verlegen.
the elements of a landscape that consist of live, horticultural die Teile einer Landschaft, die aus lebenden, gärtnerischen
softscape elements Elementen bestehen
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- geteiltes Solarenergie-Array oder andere regeneratives
solar garden/ community Energiesystem mit netzgekoppelten Abonnenten, die über ein
connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables virtuelles Net Metering
renewable energy system eine Vergütung für die Nutzung
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) regenerativer Energien erhalten (Ähnlich solargardens.org)

der Anteil der Sonnenenergie, der von einer Oberfläche reflektiert

wird (auf einer Skala von 0 bis 1). Schwarze Farbe hat ein solares
the fraction of solar energy that is reflected by a surface on a scale Reflexionsvermögen von 0, weiße Farbe (Titandioxid) hat ein
of 0 to 1. Black paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint solares Reflexionsvermögen von 1. Bei der Standardtechnik zur
technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric Bestimmung des solaren Reflexionsvermögen werden
solar reflectance (SR) spektrophotometrische Messungen eingesetzt und eine Ulbricht-
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the Kugel wird hinzugefügt, um das Reflexionsvermögen bei jeder
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then Wellenlänge zu bestimmen. Das durchschnittliche
spectrum, as documented by ASTM Standards E903 and E892. Reflexionsvermögen wird anschließend durch den
Mittelungsprozess mittels eines standardmäßigen Solarspektrums
bestimmt, wie in den ASTM-Standards E903 und E892 dargestellt.
eine Messung der Fähigkeit von konstruierten Oberflächen, durch

Reflexion der Sonneneinstrahlung und Abgabe von
a measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the Wärmestrahlung in der Sonne kalt zu bleiben. Er ist so definiert,
defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance dass eine normale schwarze Oberfläche (anfängliche solare
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a Reflexion von 0,05, anfängliche Wärmeabgabe von 0,90) einen
anfänglichen solaren Reflexionsindex von 0 hat und dass eine
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a normale weiße Oberfläche (anfängliche solare Reflexion von 0,80,
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance anfängliche Wärmeabgabe von 0,90) einen anfänglichen solaren
Reflexionsindex von 100 hat. Um den SRI eines vorhandenen
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is Materials zu berechnen, ermitteln Sie seine solare Reflexion und
based on the aged tested values of solar reflectance and thermal seine Wärmeabgabe anhand des Cool Roof Rating Council-
emittance. Standards (CRRC-1). Der SRI wird gemäß ASTM E 1980 berechnet.
Die Berechnung eines älteren SRI basiert auf älteren
Testergebnissen der solaren Reflexion und der Wärmeabgabe.
a set of uniformity criteria that ensure consistent intelligibility and eine Reihe von Homogenitätskriterien, die eine gleichbleibende
sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a Verständlichkeit und Direktionalität von hörbaren Frequenzen für
space alle Bewohner in einem Raum sicherstellt

a decrease in the amount of unnecessary material brought into a eine Verringerung der Menge an unnötigen Materialien, die in ein
source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing Gebäude gebracht werden, um weniger Abfall zu produzieren. Der
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. Kauf von Produkten mit weniger Verpackungen ist beispielsweise
eine Strategie zum abfallvermeidungsorientierten Materialeinkauf.
eine mathematische Größe, die das im Jahr genügende Tageslicht

a metric describing annual sufficiency of ambient daylight levels in in Innenräumen beschreibt. Sie ist definiert als der Anteil eines
interior environments. It is defined as the percentage of an analysis Analysebereichs (der Bereich, in dem die Berechnungen
area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across durchgeführt werden, üblicherweise in einem ganzen Raum), der
an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level die Vorgaben für die minimale Beleuchtungsstärke durch Tageslicht
(sDA) für einen bestimmtem Anteil der jährlichen Betriebsdauer erfüllt
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, (d. h. der Daylight Autonomy Value nach Reinhart & Walkenhorst,
2001). The illluminance level and time fraction are included as 2001). Die Beleuchtungsstärke und der Zeitanteil werden dabei als
subscripts, as in sDA300,50%. The sDA value is expressed as a Index hinzugefügt, wie bei sDA300,50%. Der sDA-Wert wird als
percentage of area.
Prozentzahl einer Fläche dargestellt.
a condition in which speech is unintelligible to casual listeners eine Voraussetzung, damit beiläufige Zuhörer Aussagen nicht
speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) verstehen können (nach ANSI T1.523–2001)
the distribution of acoustic energy as a function of frequency for die Verteilung akustischer Energie als Funktion der Frequenz für
speech spectra human speech die menschliche Sprache
ein öffentliches Verkehrsmittel mit kleinen, einzelnen Waggons.

a transit service with small, individual rail cars. Spacing between Der Abstand zwischen Haltestellen ist einheitlich kurz; sie sind an
streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, jedem Häuserblock oder alle 400 Meter zu finden und die
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). Betriebsgeschwindigkeit liegt meist zwischen 15 und 50 km/h.
Streetcar routes typically extend 2–5 miles (3-8 kilometers). Straßenbahnstrecken erstrecken sich üblicherweise über 3–8
Kilometer.
elements carrying either vertical or horizontal loads (e.g., walls, Elemente, die entweder vertikale oder horizontale Lasten (z. B.
structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and Wände, Dächer und Böden) tragen, welche als strukturell intakt
nonhazardous und ungefährlich gelten

provides the information needed to understand, operate, and stellt die Informationen zur Verfügung, die zum Verstehen,
maintain the systems and assemblies within a building. It expands Betreiben und Aufrechterhalten der Systeme und der Baugruppen
in einem Gebäude benötigt werden. Es erweitert den Zweck von
the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance traditionellen Bedienungs- und Wartungsunterlagen und besteht
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project aus mehreren Dokumenten, die während des
requirements, operation and maintenance manuals, and sequences Inbetriebnahmeverfahrens entwickelt werden, z. B.
Projektanforderungen des Besitzers, Bedienungs- und
of operation. Wartungsanleitungen sowie Arbeitsabläufe.
an approach to hydrology in which watersheds are modeled to ein Hydrologie-Ansatz, bei dem Wassereinzugsgebiete so
calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, modelliert werden, dass die Menge an abgeleitetem Regenwasser,
Technical Release (TR) 55 die Spitzenabflussrate, Ganglinien und Speichermengen berechnet
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA werden können. Er wurde vom früheren Soil Conservation Service
des amerikanischen Landwirtschaftsministeriums entwickelt.
das Verhältnis der von einer Probe abgegebenen Wärmestrahlung

the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a specimen to that zu der von einem Hohlraumstrahler bei gleicher Temperatur
thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted
from Cool Roof Rating Council) abgegebenen Wärmestrahlung (ähnlich dem Cool Roof Rating
Council)
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is Solares Reflexionsvermögen oder solarer Reflexionsindex, nach
value measured after three years of weather exposure drei Jahren unter Witterungsbedingungen gemessen
eine Regelung, bei der Kunden höhere Preise bezahlen, um

an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities Versorgungsleistungen zu Stoßzeiten zu nutzen, und niedrigere
time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time
Preise, um Versorgungsleistungen außerhalb von Stoßzeiten zu
periods nutzen
vehicle storage that is underground, under deck, under roof, or Abstellen von Fahrzeugen in Tiefgaragen, Parkdecks, unterhalb
undercover parking under a building eines Daches oder eines Gebäudes

Strom, der von einer Einheit bereitgestellt wird, die IT-Geräte auch
the electricity provided by a unit that keeps information bei Stromausfall in Betrieb hält. Unterbrechungsfreie
technology (IT) equipment functioning during a power outage. UPS Stromversorgung schließt nicht Wirkungsgradverluste der Einheit
output does not include efficiency losses from the unit itself but ein, aber Verluste von nachgeschalteten Komponenten zur
does include losses from downstream electrical distribution elektrischen Energieverteilung wie Stromverteilereinheiten und zu
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include ihr können auch Zusatzgeräte außerhalb des IT-Bereichs zählen, die
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS an IT-Racks angebracht sind, z. B. Belüfter. Wenn das
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgungssystem Nicht-IT-Geräte
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), unterstützt (z. B. Klimaanlagen und -schränke in Computerräumen
this usage must be metered and subtracted from the UPS output und Reihenkühler), dann muss diese Verwendung gemessen und
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the das Ergebnis vom Messwert für die unterbrechungsfreie
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category Stromversorgung abgezogen werden. Der Messansatz sollte mit der
(e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE categories 1, 2 and Messung vereinbar sein, die für die PUE-Kategorie (Power Usage
3). Efficiency) erforderlich ist (z. B. kontinuierliche Verbrauchsmessung
für PUE-Kategorien 1-3).
hazardous items that are easily purchased and commonly used. gefährliche Gegenstände, die leicht erhältlich sind und häufig
universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing verwendet werden. Hierzu zählen Batterien, Pestizide, Geräte, die
equipment, and light bulbs. See Quecksilber enthalten, und Glühbirnen. Siehe auch:
an area designed for equipment, machinery, or storage rather than ein Bereich, der eher für Geräte, Maschinen oder Lagerung als für
menschliche Aktivitäten entworfen wurde. Ein Gerätebereich wird
unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied nur dann als TF bezeichnet, wenn die Geräte nur gelegentlich
herausgenommen werden.
ein Heiz- oder Kühlsystem oder eine Heiz- oder Kühlsteuerung,

a heating or cooling system or control associated with the district das/die mit der Fernwärme/Fernkälte-Versorgung (DES)
energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or verbunden, aber kein Teil der thermischen Verbindung mit dem
upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal DES oder des DES-Interface ist. Zur Übergabe- und
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution Verteilungsstation zählen die Verwertungsanlage für thermische
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the Energie und sämtliche Übertragungs- und Verteilungsgeräte, die an
project building or site. der Übertragung der thermischen Energie an das Projektgebäude
oder an den Standort beteiligt sind.

die Zertifizierung des amerikanischen Landwirtschaftsministeriums

the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s certification for products that von Produkten, bei denen mindestens 95 % der Zutaten
contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) (ausgenommen Wasser und Salz) ohne synthetische Chemikalien,
produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones. Antibiotika oder Hormone hergestellt wurden. Alle weiteren
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved Zutaten müssen aus nicht-landwirtschaftlichen Substanzen
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not bestehen, die vom USDA genehmigt wurden, oder aus
commercially available in organic form. landwirtschaftlichen Produkten, die nicht handelsüblich in
organischer Form vorliegen.
Werte für die Beleuchtungsstärke, die für einen Punkt der

vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that vertikalen Oberfläche berechnet werden, oder die an einer
vertikalen Ebene auftreten.
der gläserne Teil eines Außenfensters, der die Sicht nach draußen
exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the oder nach drinnen ermöglicht. Sichtfeldverglasung muss eine klare
vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned Sicht nach draußen ermöglichen, die nicht durch Glasfluss, Fasern,
Ornamentverglasungen oder hinzugefügte Farbtöne behindert
glazing, or added tints that distort color balance. werden darf, welche die Farbbalance verzerren.
the distance that a pedestrian must travel between origins and die Länge einer Strecke, die ein Fußgänger ohne Hindernis vom
Start bis zum Ziel in einer sicheren und angenehmen Umgebung auf
destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable einem ununterbrochenen Netz aus Gehwegen, bei jedem Wetter
walking distance nutzbaren Fußwegen, Fußgängerüberwegen oder gleichwertigen
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. Fußgängereinrichtungen überwinden muss. Die fußläufige
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is Entfernung muss von einem Eingang aus gemessen werden, der
allen Gebäudenutzern zugänglich ist.
a management activity that disposes of waste through methods eine Management-Tätigkeit zur Abfallentsorgung mit anderen
waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and Methoden als Verbrennung oder Deponierung. Beispiele sind unter
recycling. anderem Wiederverwendung und Recycling.
the conversion of nonrecyclable waste materials into usable heat, die Umwandlung von nicht-recycelbaren Abfallmaterialien zu
electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including nutzbarer Wärme und nutzbarem Strom oder Brennstoff mit Hilfe
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and einer Reihe von Verfahren, einschließlich Verbrennung, Vergasung,
landfill gas (LFG) recovery Pyrolyse, anaerobe Gärung und Wiederverwertung von Deponiegas

the surface water of a stream (first-order and higher, including das Oberflächenwasser eines Stromes (erste Ordnung und höher,
einschließlich intermittierende Ströme), Baches, Flusses, Kanals,
water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or Sees, einer Mündung, Bucht oder eines Ozeans. Hierzu zählen keine
Bewässerungsgräben.
eine projektspezifische Methode zur Berechnung der

Wassermenge, die von einem Gebäude und den mit ihm
a project-specific method of calculating the amount of water verbundenen Anlagen benötigt wird. Bei der Bilanz wird der
required by the building and associated grounds. The budget takes Wasserbedarf innerhalb und außerhalb der Gebäude, der Bedarf an
into account indoor, outdoor, process, and makeup water demands Betriebs- und Frischwasser im Innen- und Außenbereich sowie
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets jeglicher Wassernachschub einschließlich voraussichtlichem Regen
must be associated with a specified amount of time, such as a berücksichtigt. Wasserbilanzen müssen auf eine bestimmte
week, month, or year and a quantity of water such as kGal, or liters. Zeitspanne, z. B. eine Woche, einen Monat oder ein Jahr, und auf
eine bestimmte Wassermenge in Kubikmeter oder Liter bezogen
sein.
a device installed inside a water pipe to record the volume of ein Gerät, das in einem Wasserrohr angebracht ist, um die Menge
wet meter passing water des durchfließenden Wassers zu erfassen
ein Gebiet, das ausreichend oft und lange von Regen- oder
an area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water Grundwasser überflutet oder durchtränkt ist, um die Verbreitung
at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under einer Vegetation zu unterstützen, die sich normalerweise an das
normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation Überleben bei durchtränkten Bodenbedingungen angepasst hat,
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands und welches diese Vegetation unter normalen Umständen
generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas, but unterstützt. Zu Feuchtgebieten zählen im allgemeinen Sümpfe,
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent Moore, Moraste und ähnliche Gebiete, aber keine
wetland. Bewässerungsgräben, es sei denn, sie sind Teil eines angrenzenden
Feuchtgebietes.
plant-based materials that are eligible for certification under the Materialien auf Pflanzenbasis, die für eine Zertifizierung durch den
Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) infrage kommen. Beispiele hierfür
wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm sind Bambus und Palmen (einkeimblättrig) sowie
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods Laubholzgewächse (Bedecktsamer) und Nadelholzgewächse
(gymnosperms)
(Nacktsamer)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation Landschaftsgestaltung, die keine regelmäßige Bewässerung
erfordert

ein Fahrzeug, das vorrangig zur Erleichterung des Transports von

a vehicle used primarily to facilitate the movement of truck trailers Lkw-Anhängern und anderen Arten von großen Frachtcontainern
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as von einem Bereich eines Standorts zu einem anderen verwendet
wird. Hierzu zählen keine Gabelstapler. Sie sind auch bekannt als
terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig, yard goat, or yard Terminalzugmaschinen, Schlepper, Sattelzug, Trecker oder
hustler. Schleppfahrzeug.
zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with ein Grundstück, dessen Grundfläche typischerweise an den
the site limits Grenzen des Standorts anliegt bzw. fast anliegt.

Term (English) Definition (English) Japanese

abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just 放棄された不動産

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do 順応植物

added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments 抗菌処理添加剤

adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of 開発隣接地
calculation.


alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and 即日覆土代替カバー材
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they （ADC）
(ADC)

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and 代替燃料
ethanol

alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, 代替水資源
systems (IgCC).

(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance 年間日照量(ASE)

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar 付属物
energy panels.

ASE1000,250 exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a

product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) アセンブリ
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school
students attend based on where they live 通学区域

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– 平均LED光度（ALI）
2007

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., ベースビル
performance comparison with above-standard design ベースライン建物性能
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer ベースライン条件

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared ベースライン水使用量

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable 設計根拠書


bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters)
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle 自転車道路網
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. 自転車走行距離

bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, バイオ素材

blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the ブラック・ウォーター〈汚水〉

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of ブローダウン
dissolved solids

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a ブラウンフィールド


BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former BUG格付
cutoff ratings.

buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way 建設可能地

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant 建物外装
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane 建物内装

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the バス優先輸送

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere カーボンオフセット

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of 加工・流通過程の管理(CoC)


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, シャレット

based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause フロン（CFC）系冷媒

civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the 薄明時刻

space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ 教室またはコア学習スペース
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and

demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. クリーン廃棄物
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. 透明ガラス窓


closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use 閉回路循環冷却

color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting 演色評価数
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option コンビネーションオーブンレン
ジの排水

combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. 熱電併給
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as 混合廃棄物

commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project コミッショニング（Cx）
requirements


(CxA) コミッショニング責任者（CxA）

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for 導電率
standardization.

uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler 従来型の灌水

cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower 冷却塔のブロー排水

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution 「揺りかごから門まで」のアセ
and sale). It omits the use and the disposal phases of the product. スメント評価

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or 文化的景観

developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and 現時点の施設要求事項
requirements (CFR) requirements （CFR）


dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or 廃棄物分別保管場所

demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower デマンドレスポンス（DR）

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- デマンドレスポンス（DR）イベ
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a ント
curtailment event.

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment,
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from 可動間仕切
being used

densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) 高密度占有スペース


density parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. 密集度

department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating
the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space 部門総面積（DGA）
departmental gross area
(DGA) within the department are included in the calculation. This

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces 開発対象面積

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be 複合的耐久性

direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public 直接アクセス

direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no 直達太陽光


district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It 地域エネルギーシステム
does not include central energy systems that provide only （DES）
electricity.

diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a 多様な用途

downstream equipment transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES)
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes ダウンストリーム装置

durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and 耐久消費財

durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable 耐久消費財の廃棄物流


equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering 電気自動車の電力供給装置

electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators,
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and 廃棄電化機器

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent 水銀元素
always off during normal building operation 非常用照明

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 就業区域

enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated 建物外皮


energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building エネルギーサービスプロバイ
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager ダー
or a similar tool

engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, エンジニアード・ナノ材料

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– 環境製品宣言（EPD）
declaration
2007

evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the 蒸発散
water vapor.

responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely 拡大生産者責任

extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in 粗放型屋上緑化

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on 外付型メーター
meter.

floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet 容積率（FAR）

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for 湧水
irrigation.


freight village support services. Such support services may include security, 物流拠点

functional entry during regular business hours. It does not include any door
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not 常用入口

furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as 家具と備品


grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a g/bhp-hr

graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and 雑排水（
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray グレイ・ウォーター）

green infrastructure environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture グリーンインフラ


produced from renewable energy sources グリーン電力

green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle グリーン自動車
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and

could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology グリーンフィールド

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, ハードスケープ

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, 有害材料

heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle ヒートアイランド現象

highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles,
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects 高速道路
cities and towns.


historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review 歴史的建造物

historic district designated or determined to be eligible as historically and
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or 歴史的地区

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically 同質材料
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs ハイドロゾーン


illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area:
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square 照度

impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved 不透水性面

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should 個人の使用スペース
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or 工場プロセス排水

infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not インフィルサイト


infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure 隙間風

emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, 赤外線（熱）放射率

inpatient
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours 入院患者
inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit

where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours 入院施設

integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking 内蔵ラベル
manufacture.

integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns
management 総合ペストマネジメント


integrated project delivery harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to improve インテグレーテッド・プロジェク
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize ト・デリバリー

intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important 集約型屋上緑化

interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, 内装床仕上

finish 内装壁・天井仕上


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation インターモーダル施設

invasive plant
aggressively adapts and reproduces. The plant’s vigor combined 侵略性植物
with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations.

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage ITシステム年間エネルギー

meet this definition. ランプ

lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. ランプ寿命


land trust actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of 土地信託

land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are 整地に伴う岩屑・土砂
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month ランドスケープ要求水量(LWR)

lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, 無鉛

least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- 低リスク殺虫剤
admitted patient 入院期間
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from

cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 ライフサイクルアセスメント


life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The ライフサイクルインベントリー

light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly 光害
consumes energy.

light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating ライトレール

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause 越境照明

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such 電力負荷制限
long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow 長期駐輪場

low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility 低コスト運用改善


(LID)
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, 低環境負荷開発（LID)

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- 補給水

include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and 敷地内雨水管理
capture and reuse.
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary マスタープラン境界線

measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a 平均光束


medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and 医療用家具
overbed tables.

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory メータリング制御
faucets and showers

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone ミックスペーパー
books, and photos

casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building モジュール式・可動式家具
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a 設置高さ
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management 可動式家具・移動間仕切

multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some マルチテナント・コンプレックス


NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors NEADコード

native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these 在来種植生

natural refrigerant substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples 自然冷媒
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil Natural Resources
Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) types and special soil features on the site Conservation Service (NRCS)
soils delineation 土壌調査

movement, and balance 敷地の自然水文学
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building 正味利用可能面積


non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals 非入院患者エリア
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards 非飲用水

space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used 非定常使用空間
waste via microbiological processes 無水トイレシステム

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer 無水小便器
gas and odors

occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system 使用者によるコントロール

occupiable space spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only 滞在使用可能スペース


occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied 使用スペース
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as 日用消耗品
ongoing purchases.

treatment generated on the project site 敷地内排水処理

open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered オープングリッド舗装システム

maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and 運用・保守(O&M)計画

ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a 装飾用照明器具


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis 外来患者
or treatment

owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the 発注者要求書(OPR)
project

patient position
where a patient receives clinical care 患者用の場所

peak demand period of time ピークデマンド

peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- 灌水量最大の月

obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or 恒久的な内部造作
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive 恒久的なピーク負荷の移行
ground 透水性舗装


persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, 永続的な生物蓄積性の有毒
toxic chemical substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems 化学薬品　

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green レスパイト・プレイス
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to プラグ負荷あるいはコンセント

plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet.
負荷

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can ポストコンシューマー・リサイク
content
no longer be used for its intended purpose ル素材

potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local 飲用水


output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row 配電ユニット出力
effectiveness (PUE)
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment 電力使用効率(PUE)
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications 電動床メンテナンス装置

preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete プレコンシューマーリサイクル
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap 素材
content.


preferred parking (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the 優先駐車場

premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15
years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially 早期の陳腐化

previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or 既開発地の

previously developed site developed land 既開発地


prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation
Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly 優良農地

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water 個別メーター

process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food プロセスエネルギー
(ASHRAE)
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release プロセス負荷あるいは非定常
load of process energy (ASHRAE) 負荷

process water such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes プロセス用水


product (permanently for use in the project; this includes the physical components and 製品（建物に本設置された製
installed building product) services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently 品）

public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service 公共水道（PWS）

rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance 雨水貯留

raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g.,
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, 原材料
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse 再生水

recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II リサイクル材含有率

moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the 基準蒸発散率
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation.

reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing リファレンス土壌
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the 再製品化された材料
product.

regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces 定常的使用空間
use.


regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking 定常的に使用される外部出入
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical 口
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 レギュレーテッド・ロード

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as 再生品
if it were new.

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, 再生可能エネルギー

renewable energy credit was generated from a renewable resource. RECs are sold 再生可能エネルギークレジッ
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of ト(REC)

reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery 再使用

reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design 再使用エリア

revenue-grade meter required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the 課金グレードメーター
customer.

rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, ライドシェア

salvaged material
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and 回収再利用材料
decorative items.

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development.
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious 学校運営機構
institutions.

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site スコープ1排出量


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through スコープ2排出量

period

server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the サーバー入力
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment 運用寿命

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks 複数使用者用共有スペース

shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. シェルスペース
of two hours or less. 短期駐輪場

simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to 簡易ボックスエネルギーモデ
analysis evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis リング解析


site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of 敷地評価

site master plan considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if 敷地マスタープラン

soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with ソフトスペース
relocate.

softscape elements ソフトスケープ

renewable energy system connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables ソーラーガーデン/コミュニティ
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) 再生可能エネルギーシステム


measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the 日射反射率（SR）

solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a 日射反射指数(SRI)
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a サウンドレベルの範囲
space


source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing 原料節減

(sDA) 空間的昼光の自律性（sDA）
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) スピーチプライバシー

speech spectra human speech 音声スペクトル

streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile,
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). 路面電車

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and 構造
nonhazardous


systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed システムマニュアル
of operation.

hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA 技術手引書（TR）55

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted 熱放射率
value measured after three years of weather exposure 3年経過のSRまたはSRI値

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time タイムオブユース価格
periods

undercover parking under a building 屋根付き駐車場


supply (UPS) output
system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- 無停電電源装置（UPS）出力
3).

universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing
equipment, and light bulbs. See ユニバーサル廃棄物

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied 非滞在使用スペース

upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution アップストリーム設備


USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved USDAオーガニック
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that

occur on a vertical plane. 鉛直面照度

vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned 有視界ガラス窓

walking distance 歩行距離

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and 廃棄物利活用
recycling.

waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and 廃棄物からのエネルギー回収


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or 水域

water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets 想定水使用量

wet meter passing water 湿式メーター

wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands 湿地
wetland.

wood Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods 木材
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation ゼリスケーピング


yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as ヤードトラクター
hustler.

the site limits ゼロロットラインプロジェクト

Term (English) Definition (English) Japanese Definition
property left behind intentionally and permanently when it 以前の所有者が、戻る、引き取る、または使用する意向が無いと

appears that the former owner does not intend to come back, pick みなされ、意図的かつ恒久的に残された不動産（土地、建物など）
it up, or use it. One may have abandoned the property of contract 。契約で要求されていることを行わないことで、契約上の権利の財
abandoned property
rights by not doing what is required by the contract. However, an 産を放棄している可能性もある。ただし、地役権またはその他の土
easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just 地の権利が継続している場合は、不使用であっても放棄された財
because of nonuse. Abandoned land is defined as land not being 産ではない。放棄された土地とは、その時点で使用されていない
used at the present time but that may have utilities and 土地として定義されるが、電気、ガス、水道などのインフラが備わ
infrastructure in place. っている場合がある。
vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has 特定の領域に自生する品種ではないが、その地域に生息できる特
adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do 性がある植生。順応植物は侵略性のある品種とは同じ問題を起こ
not pose the same problems as invasive species. さない。
a substance added to a product (e.g., paint, flooring) to kill or 微生物の殺菌または繁殖抑止のために製品（ペンキや床材のな

inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Some products, such as ど）に添加された薬品。リノリウムのような製品には自然な抗菌作
linoleum, exhibit natural antimicrobial properties. Despite current 用がある。しかし、仕上げの材料に抗菌薬を加えることが、標準的
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments な清掃よりも伝染感染を減らすことは科学的に証明されていない。
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than 米国EPAファクトシート「殺菌処理した消費者向け製品」(U.S. EPA
standard cleaning procedures. Also known as added microbial factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with Pesticides)
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with (http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/treatart.htm) を参照
Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides factsheets/treatart.htm). 。

parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider 少なくとも26%以上の連続した区画境界で既開発地に隣接した敷
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of 地。この計算には実際に隣接する区画のみを考慮し、通行権を有
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the する道の部分を考慮しない。水域に隣接する境界部分も計算から
calculation. 除外する。


active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each 埋立地での毎日の終業時に、病原菌媒介生物、火災、臭気、ゴミ
alternative daily cover operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and 散乱、ゴミあさりを防ぐために、一般廃棄物埋立地の表面を覆う土
(ADC)
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they 以外の材料。一般にこうした材料はむきだしの埋立地表面にすき
do not allow gaps in the exposed landfill face. (CalRecycle) 間がないよう広げてカバーする必要がある。(CalRecycle)

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and 電気、水素、プロパン、圧縮天然ガス、液化天然ガス、メタノール、
ethanol およびエタノールなどの低汚染、非ガソリン燃料

sources, and subsurface natural freshwater sources. Examples 公共設備や敷地内の地表水源、地下の天然淡水源以外から得ら
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, れる非飲用水。例えば家庭雑排水、敷地内再生水、貯留した雨水
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis 、採取された凝縮水、逆浸透システム（IgCC）を通過していない水
systems (IgCC). などが含まれる。

annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an 屋内作業環境における視覚的不快感の指標。指定年間時間数を
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance 超え、指定直達日射照度を超える面積の割合として定義される。

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar 構造体でない屋根部材。天窓、換気扇、機械的装置、パーティシ
energy panels. ョン、太陽光発電パネルなど。

maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be ブラインドや日よけを使用してない状態で、室内の2ft〈60.96cm〉四
exposed to more than 1000 lux of direct sunlight for more than 250 方以内のグリッドで昼光利用シミュレーションを行って、1000lxを超
ASE1000,250 える直射日光が年間250時間より多くあたるスペースの割合を示
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period す。sDA算出として10時間/日の分析を行うシミュレーション手法と
as sDA and using comparable simulation methods 同じものを使用する。

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a 複数の材料から成る製品（例：コンクリート）、または複数部品から

product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) 構成される製品（例：ワークステーション）。
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school 生徒が通う学校を住所に基づいて決定するために、学区により使
students attend based on where they live 用される境界。
the illumination output for light-emitting diode lamps, as specified 国際照明委員会スタンダード 127-2007(the International
average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– Commission on Illumination Standard 127–2007)に従って定められ
2007 たLEDランプの光度。
materials and products that make up the building or are 建物を構成し、恒久的あるいは半恒久的にプロジェクトの中に設

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., 置された建材や製品の部分。（例：床仕上げ、ケースワーク〈準取
flooring, casework, wall coverings) 付家具〉、壁仕上げ）
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for 標準以上の設計との比較のため、ベースライン〈基準〉として使用
performance comparison with above-standard design される建物の設計上の年間エネルギーコスト。
before the LEED project was initiated, but not necessarily before LEEDプロジェクトが開始される前の状態。ただし、必ずしもなんら
any development or disturbance took place. Baseline conditions かの開発行為や改変が発生する前のことを指すとは限らないベー
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer スライン条件は開発者が購入または購入オプション〈将来購入で
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase きる権利〉の取得を通じて建設可能な土地の大部分の権利を獲
or option to purchase. 得した日のプロジェクト敷地の状態を指す。
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- 法令に準拠した衛生器具や設備を用い、設計上または実際の水

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared 量計データと比較して追加的な節水を行わない場合の予測水使
with the design case or actual water meter data 用量。

basis of design (BOD) requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental 発注者要求書（OPR）を実現するための情報であり、システムの概
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable 要説明、屋内環境品質基準、設計の前提条件、および該当する規
codes, standards, regulations, and guidelines 定、基準、規則、ガイドラインなどを含む情報。

a continuous network consisting of any combination of the 以下のいずれかの任意の組み合わせにより構成される連続的な〈

following 1) off street bicycle paths or trails at least 8 feet (2.5 自転車〉道路網。1）主要道路から離れた自転車用の経路や小道
bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) で、幅員が双方向経路では最低8ft（2.5m）、または一方通行では
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle 最低5ft（1.5m）のもの、2）道路面にて物理的に自転車用レーンとし
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a て指定された幅最低5ft（1.5m）のもの、 3）想定速度25mph（41
target speed of 25 mph (40 kmh) km/時）で計画された道路
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and 自転車で出発地から目的地まで移動する距離。移動経路全体が
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. 自転車道路網を通らなければならない。

are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological 全体または大部分がバイオ製品、再生可能な農業資材（植物、動
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, 物、海産物などを含む）、森林資材から構成される商業または工
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of 業製品（食品または飼料を除く）。 LEEDでは、皮革およびその他
LEED, this excludes leather and other animal hides. の動物の皮は除外する。

discharged to the sanitary drainage system of the building or 尿または糞便物質を含み、建物または施設内の衛生排水システ
premises in accordance with the International Plumbing Code. ムへInternational Plumbing Code〈米国規格で略称IPC〉に従って
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the 排出すべき排水。台所のシンクからの排水（ディスポーザー排水
use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered とは区別する場合がある）、シャワー、浴槽からの排水は、州や地
blackwater under some state or local codes. 方の条例によってはブラックウォーター〈汚水〉とみなされる。

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of 冷却塔や蒸発凝縮器の再循環システムの溶解性物質の濃度を低
dissolved solids 減するための、〈濃縮された〉補給水の排出。
real property or the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which 有害である物質・汚染因子・混入物の存在、またはその疑いによ

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a って問題の可能性がある不動産。あるいはその拡張・再開発・再
hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. 使用をした不動産を含む。

a luminaire classification system that classifies luminaires in terms 照明器具の分類法。バックライト（B）、アップライト（U）、グレア（G）

BUG rating
of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA の観点から照明器具を分類する（IES/IDA モデル照明条例(Model
Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former Lighting Ordinance)より）。 BUG格付は、以前のカットオフ格付に
cutoff ratings. 代わるもの。

land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in 敷地の建設可能な部分。自発的に保全〈保留〉されて建設されな
buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way い土地も含む。密集度の計算では、公共の通行権設定用地や法
and land excluded from development by codified law. 律で開発除外される土地は建設可能地から除く。
a structure’s primary and secondary weatherproofing system, 構造物の基本的あるいは副次的な耐候システムで、防水層や気

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant 密性・水密性のための遮蔽部材、及びそうしたシステムの外側の
barrier materials, and all building elements outside that system 建物要素すべてを含む。
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane 構造物の耐候層より内側のすべて
an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or バス専用レーンまたは他の優先輸送通行権道路で運用を行う、機

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the 能強化されたバスシステム。バスの柔軟性と鉄道の効率性とを組
flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail. み合わせて設計されている。
a unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or 別の場所で発生する二酸化炭素排出量を相殺するために、削減、

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere 発生防止、隔離される二酸化炭素の等価量（世界資源研究所/
(World Resources Institute) World Resources Institute)。

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of 処理、加工、製作、分配の継続的な段階をすべて含む、採取・抽
processing, transformation, manufacturing, and distribution 出の時点から最終使用まで、製品を追跡する管理手続き。


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, 共同で設計案を創出・検討するために様々な分野や背景の人々
generate, and collaboratively produce design options によって集中して行われる複数人でのワークショップ。

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher 低温にて熱を吸収し、高温にてその熱を放出する炭化水素を含む
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause 液体。大気中に放出されたフロンは成層圏のオゾン層の破壊を
depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. 引き起こす。

the center of the sun is geometrically 6 degrees below the horizon. 朝（夜明け）または夕方（夕暮れ）の、太陽高度が-6°となる時刻。
civil twilight
Under good weather conditions, civil twilight is the best time to 天候条件が良いと、薄明時刻は、地物をはっきり見分けるのに最
distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the 適な時間である。朝の薄明時刻前と、夕方の薄明時刻後では、通
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination 常、一般的な屋外作業を行う際には人工照明が必要となる。
a space that is regularly occupied and used for educational 教育活動のため定常的に使われるスペース。このようなスペース
classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and での主な機能は、教えることと学ぶことであり、会話での良いコミュ
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ ニケーションが生徒の学力向上には必須である。（ANSI S12.60よ
academic achievement. (Adapted from ANSI S12.60) り）
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and 建設や解体で発生する無害の材料。クリーン廃棄物には、鉛やア
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. スベストは含まない。
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the 窓枠を通して景色を見ることができる透明なガラス窓。曇りガラス
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. とは採光のみ可能な窓〈景色は見えない〉。


medical equipment by recirculating water. Because the water is 建物や医療設備向けの水循環による排熱のために吸放熱材の役
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use 割を持つシステム。水はシステム内に密封されているため、一部
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from の閉回路循環冷却システムは非飲用水（例として、空調機の冷却
an air handler's cooling coil condensate). コイルの凝縮水から収集された再生処理水など）を使用している。

displays hues. The higher the index number, the more accurately 0から100までの尺度で、人工光源が白熱灯と比較してどの程度正
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color 確に色調を表しているかを示す。指数の数が大きいほど、その光
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting 源は色を正確に表現している。白熱灯の光は演色評価数95以上
(such as orange-hued roadway lights) measures approximately 25; 。標準的な高圧ナトリウム灯（オレンジ色の街灯など）の測定値は
many fluorescent sources using rare earth phosphors have a color およそ25。レアアースの蛍光体を使用した蛍光灯の多くは、演色
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY 評価数は80以上。（U.S. ENERGY STARより）
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option 蒸気サイクルまたはオプションモード運転でオーブンから放出され
る水

generated by a single fuel source in the production of electrical 単一の燃料源により発電を行い、利用可能な熱も取り出す統合シ
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. ステム。コジェネレーションとも呼ばれる。（米国環境保護庁より）
building waste streams that are combined on the project site and プロジェクト敷地で混合して排出され、リサイクルのために運ばれ
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as て、後から分類される建設廃棄物。シングルストリームリサイクル
single-stream recycling. とも呼ばれる。

its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, 建物とそのシステムおよび全構成部品が発注者要求を満たすよう
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project に計画、設計、設置、テスト、運用、維持管理されているかどうかを
requirements 検証し、文書化するプロセス

the individual designated to organize, lead, and review the コミッショニングの活動を組織化し、先導し、レビューして完遂する

completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates ために指名された人。CxA〈コミッショニング責任者〉は、発注者要
(CxA) communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to 求に応じて導入された複雑なシステムが確実に機能するように、
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in 所有者、設計者、施工者間の適切なコミュニケーションを促進する
accordance with the owner’s project requirements. 。

conductivity the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is 水に溶解している固形物のレベルを、電流の水中通過能力を利用
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for して測定した値。温度に影響されるため、導電率は、25℃で測定
standardization. するよう規定されている。
a region’s most common system for providing water to plants by 人工的に植物に灌水するための、地域で最も一般的なシステム。

conventional irrigation nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly 従来型の灌水システムは一般に、圧力を使用して水を供給し、地
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler 上のスプリンクラーヘッドを通じて散水する。
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because 塩分やアルカリ性分が増しスケール〈水垢〉の原因となるため冷却

cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower 塔から廃棄する水。冷却塔のブロー排水は、ランドスケープ灌水
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. で使用するには塩分濃度が高すぎる場合がある。
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction 資源抽出（揺りかご）から工場の門（配送および販売のための移動

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution 前）までの製品の、部分的ライフサイクルの分析。製品の使用段
and sale). It omits the use and the disposal phases of the product. 階や廃棄段階は省略される。〈原材料入手から製品出荷までのア
セスメントのこと。〉
an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural 文化的資源と自然資源の両方があり、歴史的イベント、活動、人

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or 物、その他の重要な文化的または美的価値のあるものと関連付け
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values られている、公的に指定された地形の領域。

developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and 所有者の現時点の運用ニーズや要求事項の確認のために作られ
requirements (CFR) requirements た、発注者要求を実現するための書類。

a designated area in a building space or a central facility that is リサイクル可能廃棄物の収集などの特定の仕事のために適した

sized and allocated for a specific task, such as the collection of 広さで割り当てられた、建物のスペースまたは中心的施設内での
recyclable waste. Signage often indicates the type of recyclable 専用エリア。標識により、そこに保管されているリサイクル可能廃
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based 棄物の種類が示されることが多い。水銀系の電球、感光紙の文
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or 書、生物医学廃棄物、バッテリなどの一部の廃棄物の流れは、特
batteries, may require particular handling or disposal methods. 定の処理または廃棄方法が求められることがある。自治体の安
Consult the municipality’s safe storage and disposal procedures or 全な保管および廃棄手順に従うか、米国環境保護庁( U.S.
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency)のWebサイト（www.epa.gov）で
website, at www.epa.gov. 公開されているガイドラインを使用する。
a change in electricity use by demand-side resources from their 需要家が通常の消費パターンから電気の使用状態を変化させる

normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of こと。それは、電気料金の変動への対応、または卸売価格が高額
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower な場合やシステムの信頼性が脅かされている場合に、電気の使
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when 用を抑えることを目的として設けられた誘導的な料金形態への対
system reliability is jeopardized 応。

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- 電力事業者または独立系サービス運用業者がデマンドレスポンス
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a イベントのプログラム参加者に、商用電力の使用パターンや使用
curtailment event. 量の変更を呼びかける特定の期間。節減イベントとも呼ぶ。

demountable partition health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, 簡単に再構成が可能である一時的な内壁。医療施設では、音響
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from の懸念があり、また組込み機器が設置されている手術室のような
being used 場所では、可動間仕切の使用は避ける場合がある。

densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) 設計人員密度が約25人以上/1000ft2（93ｍ2）のスペース。


parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for 建設可能地の区画面積に対する建物の総床面積、或いは住戸ユ
density
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. ニットの比率。密集度を測定する際の住戸ユニットは、クレジットの
Does not include structured parking. 要求内容により異なる場合がある。立体駐車場は含まれない。

department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating
the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space 隣接スペースと部門を仕切る壁の中心線から算出した診療科の
departmental gross area
(DGA) within the department are included in the calculation. This 診察及び治療室の床面積。部門内の壁または動線スペースは計
calculation excludes inpatient units. 算に含まれる。この計算に病室は含まない。

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces 建物、道路、駐車スペース、およびプロジェクトの一部として作られ
constructed as part of the project た不透水面で覆われた、プロジェクトの総開発面積。
a state in which two materials with different life spans make up 異なる寿命を持つ2つの材料が1つの完全なコンポーネントを構成
differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be する状態。 1つの材料が摩滅し、分離および交換できない場合、
separated and replaced, the entire product must be thrown away. 製品全体を廃棄する必要がある。

pass through another patient’s room, dedicated staff space, service 階を移動したり、他の患者の部屋、スタッフ専用のスペース、サー
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public ビス又はユーティリティスペース、或いは主要な公共スペースを通
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day らずに、〈目的の〉スペースに入る手段。患者や一般人のための循
space may be part of a direct access route. 環通路、共有の休憩所、待合室及び娯楽室は直接アクセスのル
ートの一部となり得る。

beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular 室内水平面照度1,000lx以上をもたらす直射太陽光線。窓の透過
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no 率と入射角度による効果は参入し、また可動ブラインドがあっても
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and その効果は除外する。反射光（即ちゼロバウンス〈反射〉分析）の
no contribution from the diffuse sky component (Adapted from IES) 影響や天空拡散光の影響は考慮しない。（IESより）


distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of 地域エネルギーシステムは、熱の変換プラントであり、建物群へ熱
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It エネルギーを供給・分配する集約された施設である（例えば、大学
does not include central energy systems that provide only キャンパスの中央冷却プラント）。電気のみを提供する中央エネル
electricity. ギーシステムは含まれない。

intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated 商品やサービスを日々のニーズに合わせて提供する個々のビジ
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a ネスや組織のことで、広く公の用に供されているもの。ATMや自動
full list, see the Appendix. 販売機のような自動的な設備は含まれない。付録を参照のこと。

in the project building or on the project site and associated with 建物の中にあって、冷暖房する部屋に熱を運ぶのに関係している
downstream equipment transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) すべての加熱・冷却システム・機器・制御装置で構成される設備。
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes これには地域熱供給施設とつながる受入れ設備、建物内2次側供
the thermal connection or interface with the DES, secondary 給システム、ターミナルユニットが含まれる。

durable goods that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office 約2年以上の耐用年数があり、頻繁に置き換えられないもの。例と
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and しては、家具、事務機器、電化製品、外部電源アダプター、テレビ
audiovisual equipment. 、視聴覚設備がある。
the flow of long-lasting products from the project building after 価値が無くなったり通常の使い方で寿命が来たりした耐久製品で
they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful プロジェクト対象の建物から排出されるものの流れ。これにはリー
durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable スされた耐久消費財が所有者に戻る流れを含むが、機能が残って
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods いる耐久消費財で他の階や別の建物に持って行かれるものは含
that remain functional and are moved to another floor or building. まない。


equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors, 電気自動車に配線し建物からエネルギーを供給する目的のため
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or に特別に設置された、非接地、接地を含む導体、また機器アース
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering 導体、電気自動車用コネクタ、差込みプラグ、その他すべての付
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National 属品、デバイス、電源コンセントまたは器具。（National Electric
Electric Codes and California Article 625) Codes and California Article 625）
discarded office equipment (computers, monitors, copiers, 廃棄されたオフィス機器（コンピューター、モニター、コピー機、プリ

electronic waste printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, ンター、スキャナー、ファックス機）、家電製品（冷蔵庫、食器洗浄
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and 機、ウォータークーラー）、外付け電源アダプター、およびテレビや
televisions and other audiovisual equipment その他のAV機器。

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent 純粋な水銀（水銀含有化合物ではなく）で、一般に蛍光灯および他
and other bulb types のタイプでは気体状で使用されている、水銀元素。
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is 緊急時のみ作動し、建物通常運用時は常に消灯している照明器
always off during normal building operation 具。
a nonresidential area of at least 5 acres (2 hectares) with a job １ac(エーカー)〈約0.4ha〉あたり少なくとも50人の雇用機会密度が

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 あり、かつ、5ac（2ha）〈約2万ｍ2〉以上の面積を有する非住居区域
employees per hectare net) 。（haあたり少なくとも126人の従業員のいる区域）。

consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned 建物の外装と準外装部分。外装は、空調されたスペースと外部を
spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior 隔てる建築要素（つまり、壁部材のこと）で構成されている。準外装
consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned とは、空調されたスペースと、非空調又は簡易暖房のみ行われて
enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated いるスペースとを隔てる建築要素で構成される。簡易暖房のみ行
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from われているスペースを介して外部、空調スペース、非空調スペー
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic, ス（例えば、屋根裏、床下、地下室）との間で熱エネルギーが出入
crawl space, basement). りする。

a designation that allows an outside entity, such as USGBC, to ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager または同様のツールによって建
energy service provider access water and energy usage information that a building 物の管理チームが保持している水およびエネルギーの使用情報
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager に対してUSGBCのような外部事業者がアクセスすることを可能に
or a similar tool できるものの呼称。
a substance designed at the molecular (nanometer) level. Because 分子（ナノメートル）レベルで設計された物質。分子サイズが小さい

of its small size, it has novel properties generally not seen in its ため、一般的に従来の構成物質が大きい材料では見られない新
conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National 規の特性を有する。オーストラリア国家工業化学品届出審査機構
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, (the Australian National Industrial Chemicals Notification and
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio Assessment Scheme)を参照のこ
n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf. と。nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informa
tion_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf.

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– ISO 14021–1999、ISO 14025–2006およびEN 15804、またはISO
declaration
2007 21930–2007の環境要求に適合していることの宣言。

atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant 〈水分の〉大気中への蒸発と植物の蒸散の複合。蒸発とは、水が
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the 土壌、植物の表面、あるいは水域から蒸気化する時に発生する。
movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of 蒸散とは、水が植物内を移動した後に水蒸気として失われること。
water vapor.

and sometimes other manufacturers’ products as postconsumer 製造者自身、および時には別の製造者の製品を製品の使用寿命
waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and 満了時に消費財廃棄物として受け入れるための、製品の製造者
extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To により実施される方策。生産者は、材料を回収してリサイクルし、
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely 同じタイプの新しい製品に使用する。クレジットの加点に貢献する
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be には、プログラムは幅広い製品に適用される必要がある。カーペッ
consistent with NSF/ANSI 140–2007. Also known as closed-loop トの場合、拡大生産者責任はNSF/ANSI 140–2007に準拠しなけれ
program or product take-back. ばならない。閉ループプログラムまたは製品引き取りとも呼ぶ。

general access. Usually an extensive system is a rugged green roof 植物で覆われた屋根であり、一般の人が入ることを目的としてい
that requires little maintenance once established. The planting ない。通常、粗放システムは、一度構築したらメンテナンスの必要
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in 性がほぼない植物で緑化された屋根。粗放型〈広範な面積の薄
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the 層緑化〉屋上緑化の植栽用土は深さ1～6inch〈25.4～152.4mm〉。
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated （米国EPAより）外部緑化面積は、敷地内の緑化部分全てを含む
roofs and turf grass ので、屋上緑化と芝生も含む。

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on 水道管の外側に取付ける計器で、流量を計測する。クランプオン
meter. メーターともいう。
the density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking, 非住居用の土地利用密度のことで、駐車場面積は含まず、非住

measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by 居用建物の総床面積を非住居用建築建設可能総面積で割った値
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures. 。　例えば、建設可能な土地面積の 10,000 ft2（ 930 m2）の敷地で
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) 、1.0 のFARは、建物の床面積の 10,000 ft2（930 m2）になる。同じ
floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet 敷地で、1.5 のFARの床面積は15,000 ft2（1,395　m2）、2.0 のFAR
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an は 20,000ft2（1,860 m2）となり、0.5 のFARは 5,000 ft2（465 m2）に
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an なる。
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and 〈日本の法規で定められている容積率とは同一ではない場合もあ
an FAR of 0.5 would be 5,000 square feet (465 square meters). る。〉

foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be 地表下の排水システムから排出される水。建物の基礎が地下水
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for 面よりも下にある場合、排水ポンプが必要な場合がある。排水ポ
irrigation. ンプからの排水は貯蔵して灌水に使用できる。

a cluster of freight-related businesses that include intermodal 共同一貫輸送の移送業務を含む物流関連事業の拠点のことであ

transfer operations. Freight villages may offer logistics services, る。物流拠点は、物流サービス、総合的な流通、倉庫機能、ショー
integrated distribution, warehousing capabilities, showrooms, and ルーム、およびサポートサービスを提供することがある。このような
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, サポートサービスにおいては、セキュリティ、メンテナンス、郵送、
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management バンキング、税関及び輸入管理支援、カフェテリア、レストラン、オ
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms, フィススペース、会議室、ホテル、公共または活動センターの輸送
hotels, and public or activity center transportation. を含む場合がある。

during regular business hours. It does not include any door 歩行者が利用できるように設計された建物の開口部であり、通常
functional entry
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not の営業時間内に開放する。非常口や歩行者用でないガレージドア
designed as a pedestrian entrance. を含まない。
the stand-alone furniture items purchased for the project, プロジェクトのために購入された以下を含む単独の家具アイテム、

including individual and group seating; open-plan and private-office 個人およびグループの座席、オープンプランとプライベートオフィス
workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas, ワークステーション、机やテーブル、ストレージユニット、サイドボ
bookshelves, filing cabinets, and other case goods; wall-mounted ード、本棚、ファイルキャビネット、その他の収納家具、壁掛け式
visual-display products (e.g., marker boards and tack boards, ビジュアルディスプレイ製品（例えば、マーカーボードやタックボー
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as ド、ただし電子ディスプレイを除く）、イーゼル、モバイルカート、自
easels, mobile carts, freestanding screens, installed fabrics, and 立型の画面、内装布製品、ならびに可動パーティション等の雑品
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to 目。医療用家具はプロジェクトに適用できるものとして含まれる。
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape デスクトップブロッター、トレイ、テープディスペンサー、ごみ箱のよ
dispensers, waste baskets, and all electrical items, such as lighting うなオフィス用品の付属品、照明や小型家電などのようなすべて
and small appliances, are excluded. の電気器具などは除外される。

metric used to communicate how many grams of emissions (e.g., 1時間に特定の定格馬力のエンジンから排出される排出物（酸化

grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a 窒素または粒状物質）のグラム数を示すために使用される単位。〈
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period bhp＝brake horsepower＝軸馬力〉
“untreated household waste water which has not come into 雑排水は、Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC)の付録Gで定義され、戸
contact with toilet waste. Graywater includes used water from 建住宅用の雑排水システムとは、「トイレの排水と混ざらない未処
bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, and water from clothes- 理の家庭排水」として定義されている。雑排水は浴槽、シャワー、
washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from 洗面台、そして洋服洗濯機と洗濯桶で使用された水を含んでいる
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix 。これには、キッチンシンクや食器洗浄機からの排水を含めない。
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water The International Plumbing Code (IPC)の付録Cでは、雑排水リサ
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and イクルシステムとは、洗面所の流し、バスタブ、シャワー、洗濯機、
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray 洗濯桶から排出される排水として定義している。いくつかの州およ
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow び地方当局では、キッチンシンクの排水は雑排水に含むとしてい
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other る。 UPCとIPCの定義におけるその他の違いは州や地域毎の規定
differences can likely be found in state and local codes. Project の違いに見られる。プロジェクトチームはプロジェクトのエリアで管
teams should comply with the graywater definition established by 轄権を持つ機関によって確立された雑排水の定義に適合させなけ
the authority having jurisdiction in the project area. ればならない。

management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and コスト効率が良く、持続可能性があり、環境にも優しい、土壌およ
environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management び植栽による雨水管理手法。自然の水循環を維持または復元さ
green infrastructure せるために、グリーンインフラ管理手法と技術により、雨水の浸透
and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies. 、蒸発散、貯留、および再利用を行う。（出典：米国環境保護庁/
(Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency）

green power a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity 再生可能エネルギー源から生産される再生可能エネルギーで、商

produced from renewable energy sources 用電力の一部を構成するもの
vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American 米国エネルギー効率経済協議会(the American Council for an
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle Energy Efficient Economy) （ACEEE）の年間車両格付けガイド（ま
rating guide (or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.). たは米国以外での同等の格付け）にて最低46 点のグリーンスコア
を達成している〈低燃費〉自動車等。
area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and 過去に開発されたり、整地されたり、改変されたりしたことがない

greenfield 土地のことで、オープンスペース、生態系、自然な水系を支えるこ
とのできる領域。
the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes 建物のランドスケープ空間での非生物系の要素。例としては、舗

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, 装、道路、石の壁、コンクリートの小路や歩道、コンクリート・レンガ
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. ・タイルのパティオがある。
any item or agent (biological, chemical, physical) that has the それ自体、あるいは他の因子との相互作用のいずれかを介して、
hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, ヒト、動物、又は環境に害を及ぼす可能性を有するもの、または物
either by itself or through interaction with other factors 質（生物学的、化学的、物理的）。
the thermal absorption by hardscape, such as dark, nonreflective 濃色や低反射率の舗装や建物などのハードスケープへの熱吸収

pavement and buildings, and its subsequent radiation to とそれらからの周辺地域への再放射が起きる現象。特に都市部で
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle は、他の原因として自動車の排気ガス、エアコン、及び街路設備
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and が含まれ、高層ビルや狭い通りから気流の減少などがヒートアイラ
narrow streets reduce airflow and exacerbate the effect. ンド現象を加速させている。

limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, 一般道よりも高速で、限定されたアクセスポイントを持ち、人力で
highway 動く乗り物は走行禁止の交通幹線道路。高速道路は、一般的に都
cities and towns. 市や街を結ぶ。


archeological, or cultural significance that is listed or determined to 歴史的構造体や建物、並びに指定された歴史的地区において重
be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing 要な建築物や構造体などとして登録または相応しいとされた歴史
building or structure in a designated historic district. The historic 的、建築学的、工学的、考古学的、文化的意義を持つ建物や構造
historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review 体。歴史的な指定は地元の歴史保全審査委員会または類似機関
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state によって行われなければならず、州や米国歴史登録財（または米
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of 国以外での同等な登録目録）に登録されたり、登録が適格と判断
Historic Places (or a local equivalent outside the U.S.), or have been されたものである必要がある。

designated or determined to be eligible as historically and その地区の歴史的特性に貢献する・しないにかかわらず、歴史的
historic district
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or 、建築学的に有意であるとして適格と指定あるいは判断された建
noncontributing to the historic nature of the district 物、構造、オブジェクト、および敷地のグループ。。
an item that consists of only one material throughout or a 表面コーティングを除いて、全体が一つのみの材料でできているも

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically の、或いは機械的に解体できない複数の材料の組合わせで構成
disjointed, excluding surface coatings されるアイテム。
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs 必要な水要求度が近しい植物グループ


surface located at a point and oriented in a particular direction, 特定の点に位置し特定の方向に向けられた微少面積における入
expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is 射光束密度で、単位面積当たりのルーメン数で表される。単位面
differential, it is customary to refer to this as illuminance at a point. 積が微小であるため、特定の点での照度として表される。単位名
illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: は、面積尺度の単位によって決まる。ft2を用いるならフットカンデ
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square ラという単位が使われ、m2を用いる場合はルクス〈lx〉が使われる
meters are used. (Adapted from IES) In lay terms, illuminance is a (北米照明学会IESより) 。わかりやすく言うと、照度は面に入射す
measurement of light striking a surface. It is expressed in る光の測光量である。米国(フィート準拠)ではフットカンデラで表さ
footcandles in the U.S. (based on square feet) and in lux in most れ、その他の国(メートル法準拠)ではlxで表される。

such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through 開発や建設のために改変された地表の範囲のうち、雨水が土壌を
impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved 通って地下に浸透できない部分。屋根、舗装された道路や駐車場
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been 、歩道、計画的または使用に伴い圧密された土を含む。
an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual ある個人が固有の業務を行う特定の場所。この場所は、他者との

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should 共用スペースの中のでも良いが、可能であれば分離して扱うべき
be treated separately where possible. である。
any water discharged from a factory setting. Before this water can 工場からの排水全て。この水を灌水として使用する前には水質検
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or 査が必要である。塩分を含むまたは腐食性の水は灌水に使用で
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation. きない。

way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is プロジェクト境界線の周囲1⁄2mile(800m)以内のエリアが、通行権
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not のある部分を除き、75%以上が既開発である土地。街路や通行権
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on が認められたいわゆる道路部分はそれだけでは既開発とは見なさ
the other side of right-of-way or the street that matters. れず、その先の部分が既開発かどうかによる。

(HVAC) uncontrolled inward air leakage to conditioned spaces 気圧差によって非空調スペースや屋外から、制御されていない空

infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from 気が天井、床、壁などの隙間を通して空調スペースに流入するこ
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure と。
differences that induce exfiltration. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) （ASHRAE 62.1–2010より)

ability of a material to shed infrared radiation (heat). A cool roof 赤外線(熱)を放出するための材料の能力を示し、0と1(または0%と
should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for 100%)の間の値を持つ。クールルーフは、高い熱放射率を持ってい
radiant energy is roughly 5 to 40 micrometers. Most building る必要がある。放射エネルギーの波長範囲は、およそ5～40μｍ〈
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum マイクロメートル〉である。多くの建材(ガラスを含む)は、この波長
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, 範囲では透過しないため、約0.9または90%の〈高い〉放射率を持つ
such as untarnished galvanized steel, have a low emittance and are 。曇りのない亜鉛メッキ鋼などのきれいな金属素材は低放射率で
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast, 、0.9ルールで示せない例として重要である。一方、アルミコーティ
aluminum roof coatings have intermediate emittance levels. ング屋根は中間的な放射率の値を示す。(Lawrence Berkeley
(Adapted from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) National Laboratoryより)
inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, 医療ケア、外科的ケア、出産等、特別・集中治療を受けるために

or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours 23時間を超えて滞在する個人
inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit 病室・治療室・検査室・手術室のことで、個人が23時間以上治療を
where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours 受ける場所。

For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency 容易に除去することができない情報伝達システム。例えば家具の
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking 場合、そのようなラベルには無線周波数識別〈RFIDタグ〉、彫刻、
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of エンボス加工、または材料の（生）産地、特性また製造年月日等の
manufacture. 情報を含む永久的なマーキングを含む。

integrated pest the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns 人間の健康と周囲の環境を保護し、最も効果的かつリスクの少な
management い方法で収益の改善を図る害虫・害獣駆除の手法。


(contractual and legal agreements) and practices. The process 人やシステム、ビジネス構成(契約および法的な協定)とその実践
に関係するアプローチ方法。そのプロセスはすべての参加者の才
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize 能や洞察力を生かし、所有者に価値を向上させ、廃棄物を減らし、
efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and 建設フェーズ（設計、製作、施工）において効率を最大化する。（米
construction. (Adapted from American Institute of Architects) 国建築家協会より）
a roof that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has 粗放型屋上緑化〈広範な面積の薄層緑化〉と違い、より大きな土壌

greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including 容積を有する屋根で、低木や樹木を含む多種多様な植物の生育
shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including をサポートし、人々のアクセスを含むより多様な使い方ができる緑
intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important 化屋根のこと。生育培地の深さは生き物の生息環境価値を図るた
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants めの重要な要素である。緑化屋根には敷地の固有種の生き物の
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife 個体数を維持できるような在来種や順応植物を選ぶべきである。（
populations. (Adapted from Green Roofs for Healthy Cities) Green Roofs for Healthy Citiesより）
all the layers applied over a finished subfloor or stairs, including 階段の踏み板と蹴上、斜面、および他の歩行面を含め、完成した
stair treads and risers, ramps, and other walking surfaces. Interior 床下下地や階段下地の上に施工する全ての内装の構成をいう。
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, 内装仕上げ材には、梁、トラス、間柱、または床下などの構造部材
trusses, studs, or subfloors, or similar items. Interior finish also 、または類似の項目を含まない。内装仕上げ材にはウェット〈湿式
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives. 〉コーティングや接着剤も含まない。

including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings, 固定壁、固定パーティション、柱、天井、腰壁, パネル、内装トリム
finish 等、建物内部の表面を構成するもので、取り付けられ、装飾や吸
applied mechanically or for decoration, acoustical correction, 音、防火また類似の目的のために使用される全ての内装の構成。

a venue for the movement of goods in a single loading unit or road 〈積荷である〉商品自体を〈人間が個別に取り〉扱う必要なしに、連
intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation 続して二つ以上の輸送モードを使用して輸送ユニットや車両を動
without the need to handle the goods themselves かす施設。〈航空・海上・陸上配送の複合一貫輸送施設〉

aggressively adapts and reproduces. The plant’s vigor combined その地域に侵入し、急速に順応し、繁殖する外来植物。この種の
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. 植物は凄まじい生命力と天敵がいないことで、しばしば大量発生
(Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture) の原因となる。（米国農務省(U.S. Department of Agriculture)より)

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage サーバー、ネットワーク、ストレージ機器を含む、情報機器や通信
equipment over the course of a year 機器による年間消費電力量の総計。

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also 照明器具本体および安定器を除いた発光素子。従来のランプと同
meet this definition. 様の形式で製品化されたLEDも含まれる。

bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three 電球などの人工光源の動作の有効期間。蛍光灯のランプ寿命は3
hours on for every 20 minutes off. For high-density discharge 時間点灯＋20分消灯を繰り返して測定される。HIDランプについて
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. は、11時間点灯＋20分消灯で測定される。ランプ寿命はスタート
Lamp life depends on whether the start ballast is program or 時安定器がプログラム式かインスタント式かにより異なる。詳細に
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’ ついてはメーカーの製品情報に記載されている。定格平均寿命と
information. Also known as rated average life. しても知られている。

a private, nonprofit organization that, as all or part of its mission, その役割の全部または一部として、保全地役権、土地買収または

actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in これらの土地や地役権の管理において仕事を請負う、または援助
land trust
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of することによって土地保全を活発にさせるのが主な業務、または
such land or easements (Adapted from Land Trust Alliance) 業務の一部である民間組織、あるいは非営利組織のこと。(Land
Trust Allianceより)
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). 整地の際に出る天然材料(岩、土、石、植物など)のこと。コンクリー
land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are ト、レンガ、セメント等の人工材料は、敷地内にあったとしても建設
considered construction waste even if they were on site. 廃棄物として扱われる。
landscape water the amount of water that the site landscape area(s) requires for ランドスケープエリアで用いられる、年間でピーク灌水月における
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month 必要な水量。
a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking 米国 EPA 基準で定義されているSafe Drinking Water Actに基づく
lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, 認証ラベルのことで、ハンダ、溶剤、配管、継手および井戸のポン
pipe fittings, and well pumps プ等にはごく少量の鉛を含むことが許されている。
a registered pesticide in the Tier III (lowest toxicity) category, using San Francisco Hazard Ranking systemのTier III （毒性レベルの最
the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets 低カテゴリー）に登録された殺虫剤、またはSan Francisco
the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening Pesticide Hazard Screening Protocol の要求を満たす殺虫剤。そ
least-risk pesticide れらは殺虫効果のある餌の入った容器や、害虫が入り込む割れ
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and-
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants. 目のような処理を施されて売られており、施設利用者が立ち入れ
Rodenticides are never considered least-risk pesticides. ないような場所で使われる。殺鼠剤はこの低リスク殺虫剤に含ま
れない。
length of stay the amount of time a person remains in a health care facility as an 個人がヘルスケア施設に受入患者としてとどまっている期間のこ
admitted patient と。
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from ISO 14040–2006およびISO 14044-2006 によって定義されている「
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 揺りかごから墓場まで」タイプの製品における環境影響評価

a database that defines the environmental effects (inputs and 材料や部品のライフサイクルの中の各段階における環境への影

life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The 響(インプット及びアウトプット)を定めるデータベース。データベース
database is specific to countries and regions within countries. は、国ごとまた国内の地域ごとにおいて特有のものである。
waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed まぶしさを発する建物や敷地からの不必要な光で、空中また敷地
light pollution upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not 外の方向に向いているもの。そのような光は夜間の安全性、利便
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly 性、セキュリティーに寄与することはなく、エネルギーを無駄に消費
consumes energy. するだけである。

is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between 2輌または3輌編成の輸送サービスで、しばしば他の交通手段とは
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating 分けられる。駅間の距離は1/2マイル以上程度で、最大速度は一
speeds are typically 40–55 mph (65–90 kmh). Light-rail corridors 般的に40–55 mph (65–90 kmh) 程度である。典型的な線路長は通
typically extend 10 or more miles (16 kilometers). 常10マイル(16km）以上である。
obtrusive illumination that is unwanted because of quantitative, 光の強さや方向、波長特性による目障りで不必要な照明。越境照

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause 明は、困惑、不快感、注意散漫、また物を見にくくするといった不
annoyance, discomfort, distraction, or loss of visibility. 具合を引き起こす。
an intentional action by a utility to reduce the load on the system. 電力会社によるシステムへの負荷低減のための意図的な制限。

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such 負荷制限は許容量低下時、システム不安定時また電圧制御時と
as capacity shortages, system instability, or voltage control. いった緊急の場合にかけられる。
long-term bicycle storage bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees 居住者や従業員がアクセスしやすく、自転車を雨や雪から保護す
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow る屋根のついた駐輪場。
an operational improvement, such as a repair, upgrade, or staff 修繕、アップグレード、従業員の研修・再研修等を通して運用を改

training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the 善すること。LEEDにおいて、プロジェクトチームは施設のリソース
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility や運用予算に基づき低コストでの改善のため妥当な上限額を定め
resources and operating budgets. る。


natural features to protect water quality, by replicating the natural 流域の自然の水管理システムを再現することで、敷地に降る雨水
land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff の流出に対して、その発生する敷地内で自然に近い特徴を最大
close to its source. Examples include better site design principles 限活かしながら水質を守ろうとする手法。例として、よりよい敷地
low-impact development (e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, の設計方針（最小限の土地の改変、緑地の保存、不透水性舗装
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain の最小化等）、設計手法（レインガーデン、植物を用いた湿地や緩
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, 衝地帯、透水性舗装、雨水散水、土壌改良等）などが含まれる。こ
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered れらは工学的手法であるため、専門家の助言が必要になる場合
practices that may require specialized design assistance. がある。
water that is fed into a cooling tower system or evaporative 蒸発、飛散〈キャリーオーバー〉、ブリードオフ〈ブローダウン〉や他

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- の理由により失われた水を、冷却塔システム或いは蒸発式凝縮器
off, or other causes に補給するための水。

natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management 自然の水管理機能を摸して、降雨の規定された量を捕え保持する
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and こと。雨水管理の例としては、蒸発散、浸透、および雨水採取・再
capture and reuse. 利用を伴う方策が含まれる。
the limits of a site master plan. The master plan boundary includes マスタープランの範囲。マスタープラン境界線はプロジェクト対象
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites 域を含み、LEEDプロジェクト境界線外の敷地やすべての関連する
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary 建物を含み得る。マスタープラン境界線は、将来の持続可能な使
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. 用、拡大と収縮を考慮したものである。
of a source’s emitted light derived from industry standards, taken (プログラム・スタート型安定器を使用するT-5ランプを除いて)1.0の

mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as 安定器効率を持つインスタントスタート型安定器を使い、ランプ寿
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a 命の40%時点という業界基準の条件で測定した光源からの平均光
program-start ballast) 束強度。


include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology 医療用にデザインされた家具で、手術台、手術器具/備品カートや
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and 医療用PCモバイルカート、揚重及び移動補助機器、医療用具のカ
overbed tables. ートや棚、ベッド上のテーブル等を含む。

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory 水の流出時間を制限する調節装置。一般的に手動でオン、自動で
faucets and showers オフになり、手洗いやシャワーなどでよく使用される。
white and colored paper, envelopes, forms, file folders, tablets, 白または色のついた紙、封筒、定型用紙、ファイル・フォルダ、タブ
mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone レット、フライヤー、シリアルの箱、包装紙、カタログ、雑誌、電話帳
books, and photos 、写真。

reconfigured. In a retail setting, items that are movable but 簡単に設置・移動・構成変更できるように設計された棚と家具。小
modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for 売店舗での設置では、動かせるが、店舗運営のために機械の留
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building め具システムを用いて半永久に付属したアイテムは家具と考えら
elements (e.g., a table or display bolted to the floor, or shelving れ、(例えば、床にボルト付けされた机や展示台、または壁に取り
attached to a wall). 付けられた棚など)は基本建物の構成品とは考えない。
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a 地面(または作業面)と照明器具(照明設備)の底面との間の距離、
luminaire is installed. (Adapted from Light a Home) すなわち照明器具が設置される高さ。（Light a Homeによる)
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or 道具または、専門業者や施設管理部門の補助を必要とせず、使
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management 用者自身で移動させられるもの。
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, 店舗、レストラン及び他の業務の施設開発のための全体計画がな

multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some された敷地。テナントはいくつかのサービスや共用スペースをシェ
services and common areas. アすることがある。

a unique five- or six-digit number used to identify specific lamps, 〈米〉配電協会(National Association of Electrical Distributors)によ
NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors って定められた、特定のランプ(電球等の発光部品)を示す5ケタま
たは6ケタの数字。

ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions. 特定の地域や生態系で発生する土着の種で、直接的・間接的い
Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and ずれにおいても人間が関わることなく生息するもの。在来種はそ
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they の土地の地形や水理、気候とともに進化した。またその植物群生
native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these においても、他の種とともに進化してきた。その結果、これらの植
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife 物群生は他の多様な野生生物の種に生息地を提供する。北米が
species. Species native to North America are generally recognized 原産の種は、ヨーロッパ人の入植の前に大陸で発生したものとし
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. て一般的に認識される。在来植物ともいう。

substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric 冷却するために使われる人工ではない合成物。一般的に自然冷
natural refrigerant
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples 媒は、人工の化学冷媒よりはるかに大気環境汚染への影響が低
include water, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. い。例としては、水、二酸化炭素とアンモニアを含む。
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil 米国の土壌調査で、異なる種類の土壌の境界線や土壌特性を示
soils delineation
and special soil features on the site す。
the natural land cover function of water occurrence, distribution, 水の存在、分布、移動、平衡に作用する、敷地の自然な地表面の

movement, and balance 特性。
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building プロジェクトの用途に直接利用可能な室内合計面積。これには、
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. 建築設備、縦動線、あるいは構造体のための面積は含まない。

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or 医療施設内の公共空間、診断や治療のためのエリア、外来処置

non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals 室、その他のことで、治療のために入院した個人のためではない
who have been admitted for care スペース。
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards 飲料用の水質基準を満たさない水
an area that people pass through or an area used for focused 人々が通過するエリア、または1日に平均一人1時間未満での特
activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The 定活動のために使われるエリア。1時間の時間枠は連続して典型
non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time 的な利用者がそのスペースを使う時間を基本とする。毎日は使わ
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used れないスペースの場合は、その１時間の時間枠は、そのスペース
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a が使用状態の時に典型的な利用者がそのスペースで過ごす時間
typical occupant spends in the space when it is in use. を基本とする。　
waste via microbiological processes 微生物を用いる手段よって汚物を処理する乾式衛生器具。
a plumbing fixture having a water flush with a trap that contains a 下水ガスおよび臭気を防ぐために、尿の上に浮かぶ浮揚性液体
nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer の層を保持したトラップが付いた無水小便器。〈通常は使用しない
gas and odors が〉水洗機能を備えている。
a system or switch that a person in the space can directly access 使用者が直接操作および使用できるシステムまたはスイッチ。タ
and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. スクライト、オープンスイッチ、ブラインドなどがある。温度センサ
occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system ー、明るさセンサー、および中央制御システムは使用者によるコン
is not occupant controlled. トロールの対象外。

spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as 人間の活動のための囲まれた空間で、主に他の目的（保管室や
occupiable space 装置室など）のためのスペースおよび、一時的または短期的に使
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) 用されるスペースは含まない。（ASHRAE 62.1–2010）


spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as 人間の活動のための囲まれたスペースを指し、倉庫、機械室のよ
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied うな主に他の目的のためのスペースや、一時的または短期間にの
occasionally and for short periods of time. Occupied spaces are み使用されるスペースは含まない。使用スペースは、更に次のよう
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied に区分される。使用期間により定常的使用スペースか非定常的使
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or 用スペースか、使用者の数により個人用使用スペースか複数利用
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or 使用スペースか、そして使用者の密度により高密度使用スペース
nondensely occupied spaces based on the concentration of か低密度使用スペースかに区分される。
replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner 単価が安く、定期的に使用され、業務の過程で交換される製品。
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as 例として、紙、トナーカートリッジ、バインダー、電池、デスク付属備
ongoing consumable
ongoing purchases. 品等が含まれる。また、オンゴーイング〈常用〉購入品ともいう。

treatment generated on the project site プロジェクト敷地で発生する排水の輸送、保管、処理、廃棄処分
pavements that consist of loose substrates supported by a grid of a グリッド構造や帯ひものように見える網目状のルーズな基盤材料

more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and で構成された舗装〈緑化ブロックなど〉。透水性コンクリート、多孔
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered 質アスファルトは、一体化された材料と考えられるため、オープン·
bounded materials. Unbounded, loose substrates do not transfer グリッドとは見なされない。一体化されていない結合の緩い基盤材
and store heat like bound and compacted materials do. 料は、一体化された密実な材料のようには熱の伝達や蓄熱がなさ
れない。
a plan that specifies major system operating parameters and limits, 主要なシステムの動作パラメーターと限界値、保守手順とスケジュ
operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation ール、および、文書化の方法を規定した計画書。計画書で承認さ
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and れた排出物制御装置やシステムの適正な運用保守状況を示すた
maintenance of an approved emissions control device or system めには必須である。

network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to 街路を照らすための、装飾性も有する照明器具。街路照明として
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a 効果的に照らすともに、装飾的あるいは歴史的外観を有するもの
decorative or historical period appearance である。


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis 24時間以上の入院はしないが、診断または治療のために病院、診
or treatment 療所、または関連ヘルスケア施設を訪れる患者。

owner’s project
determined by the owner to be important to the success of the 発注者がプロジェクトの成功のために重要と決定したアイデア、コ
requirements (OPR) project ンセプトおよび判断基準の詳細が記述された文書
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location 患者用ベッド、点滴用椅子、回復ルーム、その他患者が診療を受
where a patient receives clinical care ける場所

peak demand period of time ある時点、ある期間の中での最大電力負荷

and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region 蒸発散量に対し降雨量が最も不足する月。敷地の地域の植物が
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- 、潜在的に最大の灌水量となる月で、一般的に真夏の月。
summer month. (Sustainable Sites Initiative) (Sustainable Sites Initiative)

permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples 道具または専門業者や施設管理部門の補助なしでは使用者が移
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or 動できない構造物。実験用フード、固定間仕切、完全または部分
partial-height partitions, some displays, and equipment. 的な高さの可動間仕切、一部の展示物や機器などが含まれる。
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when 電力需要が低く、それによりエネルギー価格が低いオフピーク時
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive 間にエネルギー消費を移行すること。
ground 流去水が地面へ浸透することを可能にする舗装。


environment because it remains in the environment for long 長期間にわたって環境に残留したり、食物連鎖での移動で濃度が
増加し、汚染源から遠くまで移動することができるため、人間およ
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, び環境の両方への長期的なリスクをもたらす物質。多くの場合、こ
toxic chemical substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems れらの物質は、生態系に対して、長く存在すればするほどより強力
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent かつ有害になりえる。米国EPAの永続的な生物蓄積性の有毒化
bioaccumulative toxic chemicals, www.epa.gov/pbt/. 学物質に関するウェブサイトを参照。　www.epa.gov/pbt/
an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to ヘルスケア施設の患者、訪問者とスタッフに対して自然環境による

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green 健康的価値を与えるエリア。（医療福祉施設の場所のためのグリ
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief) ーンガイド、レスパイト・プレイスの技術的概要(Green Guide for
Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief)より）
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to コンセントにて、電気システムに接続されている全ての機器による

電力負荷。
waste generated by households or commercial, industrial and 家庭または、業務用施設（商業、工業、企業など）から、製品のエ
institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can ンドユーザーとして使用された後に排出される廃棄物で、もはや意
content
no longer be used for its intended purpose 図した目的では使用できない状態となったもの

drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the 米国環境保護局の飲料水水質基準（または米国外の場合、その
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local 地域における）を満足するか上回る水のことで、管轄の州または
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or 地方当局によって人間の飲用として承認された水。井戸や公共水
municipal water systems 道システムから供給される。


serves information technology (IT) equipment. Power distribution 情報機器（IT機器）に電力を割り当て、供給する装置から出力され
unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any る電力。配電盤ユニット（PDU）出力には、PDU内で発生する変換
transformation that occurs within the PDU, but it can include 効率のロスは含めないが、〈PDUより〉下流のITラック内の、例えば
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as ファンのような、非IT補助機器の電力は含める。 PDUシステムが
power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer 非IT機器をサポートしている場合（コンピュータールームのエアコ
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row ン、コンピュータールームの空調器、列内クーラーなど）、これらの
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the 機器〈の電力〉を測定し、PDU出力読み取り値から差し引かなけれ
PDU output reading. The metering approach should be consistent ばならない。測定手法は、電力使用効率（PUE）カテゴリーで要求
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) される測定方法と一致しなければならない（PUEカテゴリー1、2、3
category (e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE の連続消費測定など）。
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; データセンターの電力の使用効率を示す指標。冷却やその他情報
effectiveness (PUE)
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment 機器以外のためではなく、情報機器のためにどの程度電力が使
rather than for cooling and other overhead 用されているかを示す。
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does 電気・バッテリー式の床バッファーおよびバニッシャー〈磨き仕上げ
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications 機〉。
濡れた適用箇所で使用される装置は含まない。

process, determined as the percentage of material, by weight. 製造プロセスの途中で廃棄物とは分別されるもので、材料の重量
Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, 百分率で定められる。例としては、削りくず、おがくず、サトウキビ
preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete 搾汁残渣、クルミ殻、除外品、裁断くず、過超出版物、および棚卸
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap 廃品が含まれる。補正、再加工、再研削またはそれらを生成した
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that のと同じプロセス内で再利用することが可能なスクラップ材は除外
generated them (ISO 14021). Formerly known as postindustrial する。（ISO14021）以前はポストインダストリアル素材と呼ばれた。
content.


(exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For 建物のメインエントランスに最も近い駐車スポット（障害者のため
preferred parking
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the の指定スペースを除く）。従業員用については、従業員用入口に
entrance used by employees. 最も近いスポットを指す。
the wearing out or disuse of components or materials whose 設計寿命よりも使える寿命が長い構成品や材料の損耗や不使用

service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a 。例えば、30年間の潜在寿命を持つ材料が意図的にわずか15年
premature obsolescence potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 間に限って使われるように設計されていることは、その使用の残り
years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially の15年が潜在的に捨てられているということである。これとは対照
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as 的に、その使用可能寿命がその期待される使用期間と同じ構成品
their expected use are utilized to their maximum potential. は、それらのポテンシャルを最大限に活用されるといえる。

typically have required regulatory permitting to have been initiated （改変は現在でも過去であってもよいが）一般的に着手に法規制
(alterations may exist now or in the past). Land that is not 上の許認可を要するような舗装、建設、および/または、土地利用
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or による改変をしていること。過去に開発されていない土地や、現在
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or /過去に開墾または埋立てで造成されたランドスケープ、農業や林
preserved natural area use are considered undeveloped land. The 業の用地、自然保護エリアは過去に開発されたことの無い土地と
date of previous development permit issuance constitutes the date みなされる。過去の開発許可証は過去の開発日付を示すことには
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not なるが、それ自体で過去に開発された証拠とはならない。
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously プロジェクトに先行して、少なくとも75%が過去に開発された土地か
previously developed site developed land らなる敷地。


characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed 食品、飼料、馬糧、繊維、油料種子作物を生産するための物理的
crops and that is available for these uses, as determined by the U.S. および化学的特性の最適な組み合わせを保有し、米国農務省自
Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation 然資源保全局が定めた要件を満たす（生産性の高い土壌の基準
prime farmland Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly を設定する米国発の方法論）、これらの用途のために提供できる
productive soil). For a complete description of what qualifies as 土地。優良農地の条件についての全文記載については、U.S.
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699,
Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5. Section 657.5.を参照。
a device that measures water flow and is installed downstream 水量を測定する計器で、公共水道メーターの下流、または建物管

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water 理者が管理しているサイト内水道システムの一部として設置され
system maintained by the building management team る。

industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces 空調や建物の使用者の快適さとアメニティーを維持するために使
and maintaining comfort and amenities for building occupants of a われるエネルギー以外の、製造業、工業または商業的プロセスを
process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food サポートするために消費される電力。これには冷凍装置、調理、洗
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances. 濯、およびその他の主要なサポート電化製品の消費電力量が含
(ASHRAE) まれる。（ASHRAE／米国暖房冷凍空調学会）
process load or unregulated the load on a building resulting from the consumption or release プロセスエネルギーの消費または排出の結果による建物への負
load of process energy (ASHRAE) 荷（ASHRAE／米国暖房冷凍空調学会）

such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to 冷却塔、ボイラー、およびチラーのような、工業プロセスや建物シ
process water ステムのために使用される水。また、皿洗い、衣類洗浄、製氷のよ
washing, and ice making. うな、運用プロセスで使用される水も該当する。

an item that arrives on the project site either as a finished element 設置準備の整った完成済みの部品、または現場で組み立てる別
ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled 製品の構成部品としてプロジェクトの敷地に到着した製品。製品
on-site. The product unit is defined by the functional requirement ユニットは、そのプロジェクトで使用される機能的要件により定義さ
for use in the project; this includes the physical components and れる。これには、恒久的に取り付けられた建物製品が目的の機能
services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently を実現するために必要な物理的構成部品およびサービスが含ま
installed building product. In addition, similar products within a れる。また、仕様に含まれる同様の製品も、それぞれ別製品とし
specification can each contribute as separate products. てとらえられる。
a system for the provision to the public of water for human パイプやその他の構築された運搬方法により、人間が消費するた
consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To めの公共水を供給するシステム。公共物と考えられるため、これ
public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service らは15以上の供給先を有するか、定常的に最低でも25人に供給し
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted ていなければならない。（米国環境保護庁(U.S. Environmental
from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Protection Agency)より）

use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other 将来有効活用するための雨水の収集、転換、貯蔵。一般に、天水
rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance 桶または貯水槽に水を貯める。その他の構成部品には、集水面お
system. The harvested rainwater can be used for irrigation. よび送水設備が含まれる。収集された雨水は灌漑に使用される。

raw material concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., 製品が作られる基本材料。例えばコンクリート、ガラス、石膏、煉
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, 瓦、金属、リサイクル材料（例：プラスチックや金属）、油（石油ポリ
agrifiber, bamboo, and wood 乳酸）、石、アグリファイバー、竹、木など。
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse 処理され、再利用のために浄化された排水

Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and 国際標準化機構文書のISO14021によって定義される。 - 環境ラ
recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II ベル及び宣言 - 自己宣言による環境主張（タイプII環境ラベル）

moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the 湿度制限のない条件で、特定の植物の緑化表面から失われる水
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. 量。高さ120 mmの芝生が基準となる植生である。

Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey 天然資源保全局の土壌調査（あるいは米国外の地域での同等の
outside the United States), or undisturbed native soils within the 調査）に記述されているような、プロジェクト敷地に在来の土壌。ま
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil たは、プロジェクト敷地に類似した、在来植物、地形、土質を有す
reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing るプロジェクトの地域内の乱されていない在来土壌。既存の土壌
soil, reference soils are defined as undisturbed native soils within のないプロジェクト敷地でのリファレンス土壌は、新しいプロジェク
the project’s region that support appropriate native plant species トのために予定された植物種と同様の妥当な在来植物種が育つ、
similar to those intended for the new project. プロジェクトの地域内の乱されていない在来土壌と定義される。
without substantial alteration of its form. Refurbishing involves ライフサイクルを完了後、その形状を大きく変更することなく再利
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the 用が可能となるよう準備された品物。再製品化には、改修、修復、
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a 復元、または一般的に製品の、外観、性能、品質、機能、価値を向
product. 上させることを含む。

than one hour per person per day on average) seated or standing 一人または複数の個人が、建物内での作業、研究、または他の目
as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a 的の行動に、座って或いは立って時間（平均で1人1日あたり1時間
building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be 以上）を通常過ごすエリア。1時間の時間枠は、典型的な使用者が
regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces そのスペースを連続的に使用する状況を基本とする。毎日使用さ
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based れていないスペースの場合は、1時間の時間枠は、そのスペース
on the time a typical occupant spends in the space when it is in が使用されている時に、典型的な使用者が連続的に使用する状
use. 況を基本とする。


include the main building entrance as well as any building 建物へ出入りするために頻繁に使われるもの。建物のメインエン
regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking トランスや駐車場構造に付属する建物への進入通路、地下駐車
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical 場、地下通路、または外部スペースなどが含まれる。通常用でな
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between い入口、非常口、アトリウム、コンコース間の接続経路、および内
concourses, and interior spaces are not included. 部スペースは含まれない。
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010に準拠した必須または規
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 定要件の元での建物のエネルギー消費量のこと。

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as 修理または調整され使用できる状態に戻された商品。再製造され
if it were new. た製品は、新品と同様に動作することが求められる。
energy sources that are not depleted by use. Examples include 使用によって枯渇しないエネルギー源。例えば、太陽、風、（低イン
renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, パクトの）小水力からのエネルギーに加え、地熱、波力や潮力エネ
plus geothermal energy and wave and tidal systems. ルギーが含まれる。
a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity ある電気の単位が、再生可能なエネルギー資源から発電されたこ

renewable energy credit was generated from a renewable resource. RECs are sold とを証明する取引可能な金融商品。RECは、電気そのものとは別
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of に販売され、そのため、従来方式の発電による電気の使用者がグ
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. リーン電力を購入するのを可能にする。

their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials 元の適用の際と同じか関連する性能のもとでの材料の再利用。再
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery 使用されなければ廃棄されることになる材料の寿命を延ばす。再
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or 使用には、既存建物や建設現場から回収された材料の再生や再
construction sites. Also known as salvage. 適用も含む。また、サルベージ〈廃物利用〉ともいう。

reused area
the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that 従前に存在し、完了した設計でも存続する、建物の構造、コア、お
existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design よび外皮の総面積。
a measurement tool designed to meet strict accuracy standards 条例または法律で求められる厳密な精度基準を満たすように設計

revenue-grade meter required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue された測定機器。ユーティリティー〈電力ガス電気等の〉計器は、
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the 測定値が直接顧客への課金につながるため、課金グレードメータ
customer. ーと呼ばれることが多い。
a transit service in which individuals travel together in a passenger 少なくとも4人を収容する乗用車か小型バンに、複数の個人が一

car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include 緒に乗車する通行サービス。人力の乗り物も含むことができるが、
human-powered conveyances, which must accommodate at least その場合は少なくとも2人を乗せなければならない。これには、乗
rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, 客の座席エリアが付帯されていること、固定ルート・サービス、固
fixed route service, fixed fare structure, regular operation, and the 定料金体系、規則的な運行および複数の乗客を拾い乗せる能力
ability to pick up multiple riders. などが含まれること。

construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include 現存の建物や建設現場より回収される建設資材であり、再利用さ
salvaged material
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and れるものをいう。一般的な廃品回収物には、構造のはり、柱、床板
decorative items. 、ドア、造り付け家具、煉瓦、及び装飾品が含まれる。

school authority operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. 学校の運営、学区、職員人事、財政、および将来計画に関する意
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious 思決定の責任を持つ機関。学校の役員会、自治体、宗教法人な
institutions. どがある。
direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled ある事業体が所有し、或いは制御している排出源からの直接的な

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site 温室効果ガス排出のことで、例えば、その敷地内で燃やす化石燃
料からの排出を言う。


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through ある事業体が公共サービス事業者を通じて購入した電力や冷暖
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption 房、蒸気の創出に伴う間接的な温室効果ガス排出をいう。

sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis 分析期間の少なくとも50%において、分析エリアに対して、300lx以
period 上を満たす分析ポイントの割合

connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical IT機器の電力システムへの接続点（電源コンセントなど）で測定さ
server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the れた情報機器の負荷。サーバー入力とは、あらゆる電力分配損
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT 失や非IT負荷（ラック搭載ファンなど）を除き、IT機器の実電力負荷
loads (e.g., rack-mounted fans). を測定したもの。
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly 建物、製品、または組立品(アセンブリ）が、ライフサイクル評価の
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment 目的から運用可能であると予想される時間の長さ。

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks 集会場所または、使用者が共通の作業や共同の作業を行う場所
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space 将来の拡張に備えて設計されたエリア。シェルスペースは、建物
shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. 外皮で囲まれた中にあるが、その他の部分は未完成のまま残され
ている。
of two hours or less. 通常訪問者が2時間以下で利用する囲いのない駐輪場。
(also known as “building-massing model energy analysis”) a simple （「建物マスモデルエネルギー解析」ともいう。）建物のエネルギー

base-case energy analysis that informs the team about the 消費推定分布についてチームに通知し、潜在的なプロジェクトエネ
analysis ルギー戦略を評価するために使用される、簡易的な基本事例エネ
evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis ルギー解析である。簡易ボックス解析は、基本的で概略的な建築
uses a basic, schematic building form. 形体を利用する。


characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site 敷地評価とは、敷地の地上部および地下の特性の検証であり、構
assessments typically help determine whether contamination has 造、地質、水文学を含む。敷地評価は一般的に、汚染があるか、
site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of 汚染物質が広がっているか、濃度が高くなっているかを特定する
pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated ために使われる。地盤改良するかどうかは、敷地評価時に提出さ
during site assessments. れる情報によって決定される。

associated (or potentially associated) buildings and sites. The plan 当該プロジェクトの全体デザイン、或いは開発コンセプト計画のこ
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The とで、一体開発される（或いは一緒になる可能性のある）建物や敷
site master plan 地を含む。この計画には将来の持続可能な使用や拡大、縮小も考
applicable), site drawings of planned phased development, and 慮される。敷地マスタープランは一般的には建物平面図（もし可能
narrative descriptions. なら）や段階的な開発計画の図や説明書きなどが書かれる。
an area whose functions can be easily changed. For example, 機能を容易に変更することが可能なエリア。例えば、病院の事務

hospital administrative offices could be moved so that this soft 局を移動させて、そのソフトスペース〈転用可能スペース〉を実験
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with 室に変更するようなことが可能である。これとは対照的に、特殊な
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to 機器やインフラが備えられた実験室では、再配置することは困難
relocate. である。

softscape elements 生きた、園芸要素で構成される造園の要素
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- 共用の太陽電池やその他の再生可能エネルギー設備から配電網
renewable energy system connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables で接続された利用者にエネルギーを供給し、仮想計量による再生
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) 可能エネルギー使用量に応じてクレジットを獲得できる設備と仕組
み。（solargardens.orgより）


of 0 to 1. Black paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint 0〜1の段階評価にて表した、〈材料の〉表面で反射する太陽エネ
(titanium dioxide) has a solar reflectance of 1. The standard ルギーの割合である。黒色塗料の日射反射率は 0、白色塗料（二
technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric 酸化チタン）の日射反射率は 1 となる。それを特定するための標
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the 準的手法は、各波長での反射率を特定するために積分球を用い
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then ながら、分光光度測定を使用する。ASTM規格E903及びE892に記
determined by an averaging process, using a standard solar 載がある通り、平均反射率は、標準太陽スペクトルを用いて、平均
spectrum, as documented by ASTM Standards E903 and E892. 化処理により特定される。

defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance 太陽放射を反射して熱放射を放出することにより、低温に保つ構
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a 築物表面の性能の尺度である。標準黒色面（初期日射反射率
standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal 0.05 、初期熱放射率 0.90 ）は初期SRI「0」、標準白色面（初期日
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a 射反射率0.80、初期熱放射率0.90）は初期SRI「100」であると定義
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance される。与えられた材料のSRIを計算するには、クールルーフ評価
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is 協議会規格（CRRC-1）を介して、その日射反射率と熱放射率を得
calculated according to ASTM E 1980. Calculation of the aged SRI is る。SRIは、ASTM E1980に従って計算される。経年SRIの計算は、
based on the aged tested values of solar reflectance and thermal 日射反射率と熱放射率の経年テスト値に基づく。
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a スペース内にいるすべての使用者に対する可聴周波数の一貫し
space た明瞭度と指向性を明確にする統一された判断基準

a decrease in the amount of unnecessary material brought into a 建物に持ち込まれる不要な材料の量を減少することで廃棄物の発

source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing 生を減らす。
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. 例えば、簡易包装で製品を購入すると、原料節減の戦略となる。

area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across 屋内環境の周囲昼光レベルの年間の充足度を示す指標。これは
an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level 、年間の特定運用時間の割合に対する最低昼光照度レベルを満
spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the たす分析エリアの割合で定義される（計算が実行されるエリア、通
(sDA)
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, 常はスペース全体）（Reinhart & Walkenhorst,による昼光の自律性
2001). The illluminance level and time fraction are included as 値,2001参照）。照度レベルと時間の比は、sDA300,50%のように添
subscripts, as in sDA300,50%. The sDA value is expressed as a 字として含められる。sDA値は、エリアの割合として示される。
percentage of area.
speech privacy
a condition in which speech is unintelligible to casual listeners 会話の内容が偶然居合わせた第三者には聞き取れない状況
(ANSI T1.523–2001) （ANSI T1.523–2001）
speech spectra human speech 人の話し声の周波数関数としての音響エネルギー分布
a transit service with small, individual rail cars. Spacing between 小型で独立した鉄道車両を用いた輸送サービス。駅間の距離は
streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, どこもみな同じように短く、街区ブロックから4分の1mileまでの範囲
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). で、運行速度は主に10～30mile/時（15～50km/時）。路面電車の
Streetcar routes typically extend 2–5 miles (3-8 kilometers). 路線は通常2～5mile（3～8km）の長さである。
elements carrying either vertical or horizontal loads (e.g., walls, 垂直方向または水平方向の荷重を受ける要素（壁、屋根、床など）

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and で、構造的に堅固で危険がないと考えられるもの。
nonhazardous


the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance 建物内のシステムやその構成要素の理解、運用、管理に必要な
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed 情報を提供する。従来の運用および管理文書の範囲を超え、コミ
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project ッショニング過程で作成される複数の文書であり、発注者要求書、
requirements, operation and maintenance manuals, and sequences 運用・管理マニュアル、運用の手順などから構成される。
of operation.

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, 雨水流出量、流出のピーク速度、水位曲線、および貯水量を計算
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA するために流域をモデル化する、水文（すいもん）学の手法である
Soil Conservation Service 。旧・合衆国農務省土壌保全局により開発された。
the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a specimen to that 同じ温度での黒体放射体から放射される熱放射と、検査サンプル
thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted から放射される放射熱流束との比（クールルーフ評価協議会によ
from Cool Roof Rating Council) る）
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is 3年間の屋外暴露後に測定した日射反射率または日射反射率指
value measured after three years of weather exposure 数。
an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities 顧客がユーティリティー〈水道・電気・ガス・電話など〉を使用する際

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time に、ピークタイム時には割り増し料金を、またオフピークタイム時〈
periods または期間〉には割り引き料金を支払う取り決め。

undercover parking under a building 地下やデッキ下、屋根下、または建物の下にある駐車場


output does not include efficiency losses from the unit itself but 停電時に情報機器（IT機器）の機能動作を維持するユニットから供
does include losses from downstream electrical distribution 給される電力のこと。 UPS出力にはユニット本体からの効率損失
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include は含めないが、電力配分装置などの下流配電コンポーネントから
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS の損失や、ファンなどのITラックに設置されている非IT補助機器は
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- 含まれる。 UPSシステムで非IT機器をサポートしている場合（コン
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), ピュータルームのエアコンユニット、コンピュータルームのエアハン
this usage must be metered and subtracted from the UPS output ドラー、列内クーラーなど）、この使用量をUPS出力読み取り値か
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the ら測定し、差し引かなければならない。測定手法は、電力使用効
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category 率（PUE）カテゴリーで要求される測定方法と同一でなければなら
(e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE categories 1, 2 and ない（PUEカテゴリー1、2、3の連続消費測定など）。
3).

Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing 簡単に購入可能で、かつ一般に使用されている危険品目。バッ
universal waste
equipment, and light bulbs. See テリ、農薬、水銀を含む機器、電球などが含まれる。
epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm. epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htmを参照。
an area designed for equipment, machinery, or storage rather than 人間の活動のためではなく、装置、機械、保管のためのエリア。

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied 装置エリアは、装置の利用が一時的な場合に限り、非滞在使用と
only if retrieval of equipment is occasional. みなされる。
a heating or cooling system or control associated with the district 地域冷暖房施設（DES）〈日本で言うDHC〉の加熱・冷却設備およ

energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or びそれらの制御システムを指す。ただし、その施設との熱融通もし
upstream equipment interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal くは連動している部分は含まない。アップストリーム設備〈一次側/
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution 熱供給側〉設備には、プロジェクト対象の建物や敷地に熱エネル
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the ギーを供給する熱エネルギー変換設備、すべての伝送・搬送設備
project building or site. を含む。


contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) 合成化学物質、抗生物質、ホルモン剤を用いずに生産された成分
produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones. （水と塩を除く）を少なくとも 95% 含む製品に対する米国農務省の
USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved 認証である。残りの成分は、USDA承認済みの非農業材料で構成
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not されているか、あるいは商業的に有機栽培が不可能な農産物であ
commercially available in organic form. ること。
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that 垂直面上の点で計算した照度、または垂直平面上で発生する照
occur on a vertical plane. 度。
the glass portion of an exterior window that permits views to the 外部または内部を見渡すことが可能な外部窓のガラス部分。有視
vision glazing
exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the 界ガラス窓とは、外部の鮮明な景色を可能にしなければならない
exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned ため、フリット、繊維、模様付き窓ガラスによって妨害したり、色の
glazing, or added tints that distort color balance. バランスを歪める着色を追加してはならない。

destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable 歩行者が出発地から目的地までを、歩道、全天候対応路面の歩
environment on a continuous network of sidewalks, all weather- 路、横断歩道、または同等の歩行施設の連続ネットワークにて安
walking distance
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. 全で快適に障害なく移動できる距離。歩行距離は、建物の全利用
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is 者がアクセス可能な出入口から計測しなければならない。

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and 焼却または埋め立て以外の方法で廃棄物を処理する管理活動。
recycling. 例としては、再利用やリサイクルが含まれる。

electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including リサイクル不可能な廃棄物の、燃焼、ガス化、熱分解、嫌気性消
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and 化、埋立地発生ガス（LFG）回収などのさまざまな処理による、使
landfill gas (LFG) recovery 用可能な熱、電気、燃料への変換。

the surface water of a stream (first-order and higher, including 川（河道位数１以上、間欠河流も含む）、アロヨ地形（涸れ川の小

water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or 峡谷）、河川、運河、湖、河口、湾、海洋の水面。これには灌漑水
ocean. It does not include irrigation ditches. 路は含まない。

required by the building and associated grounds. The budget takes 規定された方法で算出した建物及び建物に付随する外構に必要
into account indoor, outdoor, process, and makeup water demands な水の量。収支の算定では屋内、屋外、生産プロセスでの需要と
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets 推定雨量を含むオンサイトの供給を考慮する。水消費量は、週、
must be associated with a specified amount of time, such as a 月、年といったある一定の時間と、kGalやリットルといった水の量で
week, month, or year and a quantity of water such as kGal, or liters. 示す必要がある。

wet meter passing water 通水流量を記録するために水道管内に設置するメーター。

at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under 浸水した土壌条件での生息に一般的に適応する植生の繁茂を促
normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation 進するのに十分な一定の頻度と期間にて地表面や地下の水によ
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands り氾濫または浸水する地域。かつその地域は、通常の状況下でも
generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas, but (そのような植生の繁茂を)促進する。湿地には、一般的に沼地、湿
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent 原、泥炭地、又は同様の領域が含まれるが、隣接する湿地の一部
wetland. として明示されていない限り、灌漑用水路は除外する。

Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm FSC(森林管理協議会）の認証取得可能な植物系素材。例として
wood 広葉樹（被子植物）、針葉樹（裸子植物）のみならず竹やヤシ（単
(gymnosperms) 子葉植物）なども挙げられる。
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation 定期的な灌水を必要としないランドスケープ

a vehicle used primarily to facilitate the movement of truck trailers 貨物トレーラや他のタイプの大型輸送コンテナを敷地のあるエリア

and other types of large shipping containers from one area of a site から別のエリアへ移動することを容易にするために主に使用され
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as る車両。これにはフォークリフトは含まない。ターミナルトラクター、
terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig, yard goat, or yard ヤードトラック、ユーティリティトラクターリグ、ヤードゴート、または
hustler. ヤードハスラーとして知られている。
zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with 建物のフットプリントが敷地境界とほぼ同一か、ほとんど同一の状
the site limits 況に配置されている区画。

Term (English) Definition (English) Korean

abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just 방치된 소유물

adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do 적응 수종

treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than 첨가 항균제

adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of 인접부지
calculation.


(ADC) operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and 일일복토재

alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and 대체연료
ethanol

alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, 대체 수자원
systems (IgCC).

(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance 연간 일광 노출

appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar 부속물
energy panels.

ASE1000,250


assembly
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) 조립품(조립체)

attendance boundary
students attend based on where they live 취학반경

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– 평균 LED 강도 (ALI)
2007

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., 본 건물
performance comparison with above-standard design 표준 건물 성능
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer 표준 조건

baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared 표준 물 소비량

requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable 설계 기본사항


wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle 자전거 네트워크
bicycle network

bicycling distance
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. 자전거 이동거리

bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, 바이오 기초 재료

blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the 폐수

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of 블로우다운
dissolved solids

brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a 오염부지


BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former BUG 등급
cutoff ratings.

buildable land density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way 건축가능한 대지

building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant 건물 외부
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane 건물 내부

bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the 급행 버스 시스템

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere 탄소상쇄

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of 생산 유통


charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, 샤렛

based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause 염화불화탄소(CFC) 기반 냉매

civil twilight distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the 상용박명

space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ 교실 및 핵심학습공간

clean waste
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. 청정 폐기물

clear glazing fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. 투명 유리창


closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use 폐회로 냉각

color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting 연색 평가 지수
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option 콤비네이션 오븐 배출수

combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. 열병합 발전
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as 혼합폐기물

commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project 커미셔닝
requirements


(CxA) communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to 커미셔닝 전문가

the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is
conductivity
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for 전도율
standardization.

uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler 재래식 관수

cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower 냉각탑 블로우다운

cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution 제품 전공정 평가

cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or 문화 경관

requirements (CFR)
developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and 현재시설기준 요구사항
requirements


dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or 지정폐기물 보관소

demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower 수요대응(DR)

event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a 수요대응(DR) 이벤트
curtailment event.

health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment,
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from 임시 칸막이 벽
being used

densely occupied space 1,000 square feet (93 square meters) 고밀도 점유공간


parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for
density
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. 개발 밀도

(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space 부서 총 면적

development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces 개발 영역

differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be 내구성 차이

direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public 직접 연계

direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no 직사광선


district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It 지역 에너지 설비
electricity.

diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a 용도 다양성

transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES)
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes 소비측 장비

that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and 내구성 제품
durable goods

durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable 내구성 제품 폐기흐름


equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering 전기차 공급 시설

printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators,
electronic waste
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and 전자 폐기물

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent 원소적 수은

emergency lighting
always off during normal building operation 비상등

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 중심업무지구

enclosure space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated 외피


access water and energy usage information that a building
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager 에너지 정보 제공방법
or a similar tool

Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, 초소형 물질

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– 환경 성적 표지 인증
declaration
2007

evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the 증발산량
water vapor.

responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely 포괄적 생산자 책임제도

extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in 저관리 경량형 옥상녹화

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on 외부 계량기
meter.

floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet 바닥면적비 (FAR)

building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be
foundation drain
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for 기초부 배수
irrigation.


freight village support services. Such support services may include security, 운송단지

during regular business hours. It does not include any door
functional entry
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not 진출입부

furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as 가구 및 비품


grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a 제동마력당 그램수

graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and 잡배수

environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture 녹색 인프라


green power
produced from renewable energy sources 그린 전력

green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle 녹색 차량

greenfield
could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology 개발된 적이 없는 부지

hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, 인공조경

hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, 위험물질

heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle 열섬효과

limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles,
highway
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects 고속도로
cities and towns.


historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review 역사적인 건물

designated or determined to be eligible as historically and
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or 역사 지구
historic district

homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically 동종 재료/균질 재료
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs 하이드로존


The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area:
illuminance
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square 조도/ 조명도

impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved 불침투성 표면

individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should 개인 재실 공간
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or 산업 공정 용수

infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not 공지


through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure 침투성
infiltration

emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, 적외선(열) 발사도

inpatient
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours 입원환자

inpatient unit where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours 입원환자 병동

integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking 필수요소의 표기
manufacture.

integrated pest
management the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns 통합적인 해충 관리


results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize 통합적인 사업 수행

intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important 관리 중량형 옥상녹화

interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, 실내 바닥 마감

finish and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish 실내 벽 및 천장 마감


intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation 수송기관용 시설

invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. 침입성 식물

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage IT 연간 에너지

lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also 전등

lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. 전등 수명


actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of 토지신탁
land trust

land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are 토지 개간 잔해 및 토양
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month 조경 관수 요구량 (LWR)

lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, 납이 첨가되지 않은

Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- 최소 위험 살충제

length of stay
admitted patient 입원기간

cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 생애주기 환경평가


life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The 생애주기 목록

upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not
light pollution
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly 빛공해
consumes energy.

light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating 경전철

light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause 침입광

load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such 부하분산

and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow 장기 자전거 보관소

low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility 저비용 개선


(LID)
(e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, 저영향개발

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- 보충수

include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and 부지 내 우수관리
capture and reuse.
the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary 단지계획 경계
master plan boundary

measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a 평균 루멘 출력 측정


medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and 의료용 비품
overbed tables.

metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory 계량기 제어
faucets and showers

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone 혼합지류
books, and photos

casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building 모듈화된, 이동가능한 수납공간
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a 설치높이
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management 이동형 가구 및 경량벽체

multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some 복합용도 시설


NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors NAED 코드

native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these 토착식생

substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric
natural refrigerant
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples 자연 냉매
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil
Conservation Service (NRCS) types and special soil features on the site 미국자연자원보호청 토양 구분
soils delineation

movement, and balance 자연적인 부지 수문
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building 가용면적


non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals 외래환자 구역
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards 비음용수

space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used 비정기적 점유공간
waste via microbiological processes 무수 화장실 시스템

nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer 무수 소변기
gas and odors

occupant control A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system 거주자 조절장치

occupiable space
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only 점유 가능 공간


occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied 점유 공간
replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as 지속적인 소모품
ongoing consumable
ongoing purchases.

treatment generated on the project site 부지내 폐수 처리

open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered 투수성 포장 시스템

maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and 운영 및 관리 계획

ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a 장식등


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis 외래환자
or treatment

owner’s project
requirements (OPR) determined by the owner to be important to the success of the 건물주 사업 요구사항
project

patient position
where a patient receives clinical care 환자의 위치

peak demand period of time 최대 수요

peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- 최대 급수 달

obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or 고정된 실내 차폐물
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive 영구적인 최대 부하 전환

permeable pavement ground 투수 포장


toxic chemical and can travel far from the source of contamination. Often these 잔류성, 생물축적성, 독성 물질 (PBT)

place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green 휴식 공간

plug load or receptacle load the electrical system via a wall outlet. 플러그 부하 및 콘센트 부하

postconsumer recycled institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can 소비자 후 재활용 성분
content

potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local 음용수


output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row 전력 분배기 출력
effectiveness (PUE)
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment 전력효율지수 (PUE)
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications 바닥 유지관리 장비

content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap 소비자 전 재활용 성분
content.


(exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For
preferred parking
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the 우선순위 주차공간

premature obsolescence years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially 조기 노후화

previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or 기개발

previously developed site developed land 기개발부지


Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation
prime farmland Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly 일급농지

private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water 개별 계량기

process energy building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food 공정 에너지
(ASHRAE)
load of process energy (ASHRAE) 공정 부하 또는 비규정 부하

such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to
process water
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes 공정 용수


for use in the project; this includes the physical components and 제품 (영구적으로 설치된 건물의 자재)

public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service 공공 급수 (PWS)

rainwater harvesting components include the catchment surface and conveyance 우수 집수

concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g.,
raw material
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, 원자재
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse 재생수

recycled content declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II 재활용 성분

moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the 참조 증발산량

reference soil textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing 참조 토양
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the 자재의 개조
product.

regularly occupied space based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces 정기적 점유공간
use.


entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical 정기적으로 사용되는 외부 출입구

regulated load
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 규정 부하

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as 재생 제품
if it were new.

renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, 재생 에너지

(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of 재생 에너지 인증

reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery 재사용

reused area existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design 재사용 면적

required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the 수익 등급 계량기
revenue-grade meter
customer.

rideshare
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, 차량 공유

salvaged material
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and 회수된 자재
decorative items.

operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development.
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious 학교기관
school authority
institutions.

Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site Scope 1 배출량


Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through Scope 2 배출량

period

server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the 서버 입력

service life
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment 사용 연한

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks 재실자 공유 공간

shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. 쉘 스페이스

short-term bicycle storage of two hours or less. 단기 자전거 보관소

analysis 심플 박스 에너지 모델링 분석
evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis


site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of 부지 평가

considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The
site master plan
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if 부지 종합 계획

soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with 소프트 스페이스
relocate.

softscape elements 소프트스케이프

solar garden/ community connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables 태양정원/공동체 재생에너지 시스템
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org)


measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the 반사율

solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a 반사도 지수
emittance.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a 음향 수준의 범위
space


source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing 자원 절감

(sDA) for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the 공간 주광 자율성 (sDA)
percentage of area.

speech privacy (ANSI T1.523–2001) 음성 보안

speech spectra human speech 음성 스펙트럼

stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile,
streetcar and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). 전차

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and 구조
nonhazardous


systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed 시스템 매뉴얼
of operation.

hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA Technical Release (TR) 55

thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted 방사율
value measured after three years of weather exposure 설치 3년 후 SR 및 SRI 수치

time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time 이용시간에 따른 가격책정
periods

undercover parking under a building 비노출 주차장


supply (UPS) output
system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- 무정전 전원 공급장치 (UPS) 출력
3).

Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing
universal waste
equipment, and light bulbs. See 범용 폐기물

unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied 비점유 공간

interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution 상위 장비
upstream equipment


USDA Organic Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved USDA 유기농

occur on a vertical plane. 수직조도

vision glazing exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned 투명 유리

walking distance
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. 도보거리

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and 폐기물의 전환
recycling.

waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and 폐기물의 에너지화


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or 수공간

water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets 물 수지

wet meter passing water 습식 계량기

wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands 습지
wetland.

Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm
wood
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods 목재
(gymnosperms)
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation 건식조경


yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as 트랙터
hustler.

the site limits 외부공간이 없는 프로젝트

Term (English) Definition (English) Korean Definition
property left behind intentionally and permanently when it 이전의 소유주가 재입주하거나, 회수하거나, 이용하지 않는
it up, or use it. One may have abandoned the property of contract 상태로 영구적으로 남겨진 부지. 계약상 요구되는 사항을
rights by not doing what is required by the contract. However, an 이행하지 않음으로서 계약권리의 소유물이 방치될 수 있다.
abandoned property easement and other land rights are not abandoned property just 부지가 사용되지 않더라도 지역권 및 기타 부지 권리는
used at the present time but that may have utilities and 유효하다. 방치된 부지는 현재 사용되지는 않으나 설비 및
infrastructure in place. 기반시설을 가지고 있는 부지로 정의된다.
vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has 특정한 지역의 자생종은 아니지만 그 지역에서 생육할 수
adapted plant characteristics that allow it to live in the area. Adapted plants do 있도록 하는 특성을 가진 식물. 적응 수종은 생태교란종들과
not pose the same problems as invasive species. 같은 문제들을 유발하지 않는다.
미생물의 번식을 막기 위해 제품 (예: 페인트, 바닥재)에 첨가된

a substance added to a product (e.g., paint, flooring) to kill or 물질. 리놀륨과 같은 제품은 자체 항균성을 지닌다. 이를
linoleum, exhibit natural antimicrobial properties. Despite current 적용하고 있는 현황에도 불구하고, 항균제가 일반적인
added antimicrobial practice, science has not proven that antimicrobial treatments 세정절차보다 더 효과적으로 건물 마감재에 세균 번식을
treatment reduce infection transfer in building finishes more effectively than 줄여준다고 과학적으로 증명되지는 않았다. 첨가
agent. See U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products Treated with 미생물제라고도 한다. U.S. EPA factsheet, Consumer Products
Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides factsheets/treatart.htm). Treated with Pesticides (www.epa.gov/pesticides
factsheets/treatart.htm)를 참고한다.
a site having at least a continuous 25% of its boundary bordering 기존에 개발되었던 부지인 필지들을 둘러싸고 있는 경계의
parcels that are previously developed sites. Only consider 최소 연속되는 25%를 공유하고 있는 부지. 둘러싸고 있는
adjacent site bordering parcels, not intervening rights-of-way. Any fraction of
the boundary that borders a water body is excluded from the 필지만을 고려하며, 그 사이에 있는 공공의 통행로는 고려하지
calculation. 않는다. 수공간에 면한 경계의 부분은 산정시 제외한다.

material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the 토양이 아닌 자재로, 각각의 운영일에 대해 병균 (vectors), 화재,
active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each 악취, 날리는 쓰레기, 청소 (Scavenging)를 제어하기 위해서
(ADC) operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and 고형폐기물 매립의 표면을 구성하는 자재. 일반적으로 이
scavenging. Generally these materials must be processed so they 자재들은 노출된 매립 표면에 공극이 발생하지 않도록
처리된다. (CalRecycle)
low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, 전기, 수소, 프로판, 압축천연가스, 액화천연가스, 메탄올,
alternative fuel propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and
ethanol 에탄올과 같이 오염이 적고, 화석연료를 사용하지 않는 연료
nonpotable water from other than public utilities, on-site surface 대체 수자원은 재생된 폐수, 중수, 수영장 역류 필터, 냉장설비
sources, and subsurface natural freshwater sources. Examples 응축수, 차집된 우수, 강우 및 기초부 배수, 증기 설비 응축수,
alternative water source include graywater, on-site reclaimed water, collected rainwater, 액체 냉각기의 배출수, 조리용 찜기 배출수, 복합 오븐 배출수,
captured condensate, and rejected water from reverse osmosis 산업 공정용수, 소방 펌프 시험수, 및 제빙기 응축수를
systems (IgCC).
포함한다.
a metric that describes the potential for visual discomfort in 실내 작업 환경내의 잠재적인 시각적 불편함을 설명하는
annual sunlight exposure interior work environments. It is defined as the percentage of an 측량의 기준. 명시된 직사 일광 조도 레벨이 명시된 연간
(ASE) analysis area that exceeds a specified direct sunlight illuminance 시간을 초과하는 분석 영역의 비율로 정의된다. (Illuminating
Engineering Society 발췌)
a built-in, nonstructural portion of a roof system. Examples include 지붕에 설치된 비구조체 부문. 예로는 천창, 환기구, 설비기기,
appurtenance skylights, ventilators, mechanical equipment, partitions, and solar
energy panels. 간이벽, 태양광패널 등이 있다.
reports the percentage of sensors in the analysis area, using a 분석 영역 내 센서의 비율 보고서로써, 연간 250시간이상 1000
maximum 2-foot spacing between points, that are found to be lux의 직사광선에 노출되는 최대 2피트 간격의 포인트를
ASE1000,250
hours per year, before any operable blinds or shades are deployed 사용하고, 일광을 막기 위해 개폐가 가능한 블라인드와 차양을
to block sunlight, considering the same 10 hour/day analysis period 설치 하기전에 실시하며, sDA와 같은 하루 10시간 분석 기간을
as sDA and using comparable simulation methods 고려하여, 이와 동등한 시뮬레이션 방법을 사용한다.

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a 복수의 자재로부터 조합된 제품(예> 콘크리트) 또는 부품들로
product made up of subcomponents (e.g., a workstation) 구성된 제품 (예> 워크스테이션)
attendance boundary the limits used by school districts to determine what school 학생들의 거주지에 근거하여 해당 학교로 등하교할 수 있도록
students attend based on where they live 학교의 취학 구역 제한.

average LED intensity (ALI) in the International Commission on Illumination Standard 127– 조명 127-2007 표준에 관한 국제위원회에서 지정한대로 발광
2007 다이오드 램프의 조명 출력.

base building permanently and semi-permanently installed in the project (e.g., 건물을 구성하거나 사업에 영구 및 반영구적으로 설치된 재료
flooring, casework, wall coverings) 및 제품 (예> 바닥, 수납장, 벽지)
baseline building the annual energy cost for a building design, used as a baseline for 표준 이상 설계와 비교하기 위하여 표준안으로써 사용하는
performance comparison with above-standard design 건물 설계의 연간 에너지 비용
any development or disturbance took place. Baseline conditions LEED 사업이 시작하기전이지만 모든 개발 및 교란행위가
baseline condition describe the state of the project site on the date the developer 시작하기 전일 필요는 없음. 표준 조건은 개발업자가 구매 또는
acquired rights to a majority of its buildable land through purchase 구매의 선택사항을 통해 건축가능한 대지 자체의 주요한
or option to purchase. 권리를 획득한 날의 사업대지의 상태를 기술한다.
a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- 설계안 또는 실제 물 계량 정보와 비교하여 추가적인 절감이
baseline water consumption compliant fixtures and fittings with no additional savings compared 없는 법규수준의 수전 및 부속품을 가정하여 건물의 물
with the design case or actual water meter data 사용량의 계산된 결과물

requirements, including system descriptions, indoor environmental 건축주 사업 요구사항을 달성하기 위하여 필요한 설비 설명서,
quality criteria, design assumptions, and references to applicable 실내 환경 질적 기준, 설계 가정사항, 그리고 적용 가능한 법규,
codes, standards, regulations, and guidelines 표준, 규정 및 지침의 참조문헌들을 포함하는 정보

a continuous network consisting of any combination of the 다음에 나열된 요소의 조합으로 연속되어 설치된 네트워크
following 1) off street bicycle paths or trails at least 8 feet (2.5 1) 양방향 최소 8피트 (2.5미터), 일방향 최소 5피트 (1.5미터)
bicycle network meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) 폭의 노외 자전거로 또는 트레일
wide for a one-way path 2) physically designated on-street bicycle 2) 전용으로 지정된 최소 5피트 (1.5미터) 폭의 노상 자전거
lanes at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) wide 3) streets designed for a 도로
target speed of 25 mph (40 kmh) 3) 목표 속도가 25mph (40kmh) 로 지정된 가로
bicycling distance the distance that a bicyclist must travel between origins and 자전거 이용자가 출발지부터 목적지까지 자전거로 이동하는
destinations, the entirety of which must be on a bicycle network. 거리로 전 구간 자전거 네트워크상에 속한다.

are composed in whole, or in significant part, of biological 생물학적 제제, (식물, 동물, 해양 자료 포함) 신 재생 농업 재료,
bio-based material products, renewable agricultural materials (including plant, animal, 또는 임업 재료, 전체 구성, 또는 상당 부분에 (음식 또는 사료
and marine materials), or forestry materials. For the purposes of 제외) 상업용 또는 산업용 제품. LEED의 목적을 위해,이 가죽
LEED, this excludes leather and other animal hides. 및 기타 동물의 가죽을 제외한다.

discharged to the sanitary drainage system of the building or 건물의 위생 배출 설비를 통해 배출되거나 International
premises in accordance with the International Plumbing Code. Plumbing Code에 따르는 것을 전제로 하는 소변 또는 대변
blackwater Wastewater from kitchen sinks (sometimes differentiated by the 덩어리를 포함하는 배출수. 부엌 개수대(종종 찌꺼기 배출의
use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered 사용에 따라 구분함), 샤워, 또는 욕조로부터의 배출수가 일부
blackwater under some state or local codes. 주 또는 지역 법규에 따라 폐수로 간주된다.

blowdown condenser recirculation system to reduce concentrations of 냉각탑 또는 증발식 응축기의 재순환 설비로부터 용존물의
dissolved solids 농도를 줄이기 위해 보충수를 배출하는 것
real property or the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which 위험한 물질, 오염원, 오염물질의 존재가능성이 있거나
brownfield may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a 존재하는 부지의 토지 혹은 그 부지의 확장, 재개발, 또는
hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. 재사용


of backlight (B), uplight (U), and glare (G) (taken from IES/IDA 배면광 (B), 상향광 (U), 눈부심 (G) (IES/IDA Model Lighting
BUG rating Model Lighting Ordinance). BUG ratings supersede the former Ordinance로부터 인용)에 대한 조명기구 등급체계. BUG 등급이
cutoff ratings. 이전 기준을 대체한다.
the portion of the site where construction can occur, including 자발적으로 제외해 두고 그 위에 시공하지 않은 대지를
buildable land
land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in 포함하여 시공이 가능한 대지의 부문. 밀도 계산에 사용하는
density calculations, buildable land excludes public rights-of-way 경우, 건축가능한 대지는 공공 보행통로 및 성문화된 법에
and land excluded from development by codified law. 의하여 개발에서 제외된 대지를 제외한다.
a structure’s primary and secondary weatherproofing system, 방수층, 공기와 물을 차단하는 재료를 포함하며, 구조물의
building exterior including waterproofing membranes and air- and water-resistant 기본적이고 보조적인 내후성 시스템과 그 시스템 외부의 모든
barrier materials, and all building elements outside that system 건물 요소들.
building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane 구조의 내후성막 안의 모든 요소들
an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or 전용의 버스차로 또는 공공 통행로를 운영하는 향상된 버스
bus rapid transit other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine the 운영 시스템. 이 시스템은 기차의 효율성을 버스의 유동성과
flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail. 결합하여 디자인한 시스템이다.

carbon offset sequestered to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere 다른 곳에서 발생한 배출에 대한 보상을 위하여 절감, 방지
(World Resources Institute) 또는 퇴출된 등가의 단위 이산화탄소량 (세계 자원기구)

chain of custody (CoC) extraction to its end use, including all successive stages of 처리, 변형, 가공, 운송의 모든 단계를 포함하여 제품의 수확
processing, transformation, manufacturing, and distribution 또는 추출부터 사용까지의 과정.

an intensive, multiparty workshop that brings people from 다양한 분야 및 배경으로부터의 사람들을 한자리에 모아 설계
charrette different disciplines and backgrounds together to explore, 선택사항들을 탐구, 생성, 그리고 협력적으로 생산하는
generate, and collaboratively produce design options 집중적인 다수구성원의 워크샵

chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)- reservoir at low temperatures and rejects heat at higher 저온에서는 축열체로부터 열을 흡수하고 고온에서는 열을
based refrigerant temperatures. When emitted into the atmosphere, CFCs cause 방출하는 수산화탄소를 포함하는 유체. 대기중에 배출되면,
depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. CFCs는 대기 오존층의 파괴를 유발한다.
the point in time in the morning (dawn) or evening (dusk) when 태양의 중심이 기하학적으로 수평선보다 6도 아래에 위치하는
the center of the sun is geometrically 6 degrees below the horizon. 아침(새벽) 또는 저녁(황혼)의 시점. 양호한 기상조건하에서,
civil twilight
Under good weather conditions, civil twilight is the best time to 상용박명은 지상의 물체를 명확하게 식별하는데 가장 좋은
distinguish terrestrial objects clearly. Before civil twilight in the 시간이다. 아침의 상용박명 이전과 저녁의 사용박명 이후에,
morning and after civil twilight in the evening, artificial illumination 일상적인 실외활동을 계속하기 위하여 인공 조명이
normally is required to carry on ordinary outdoor activities. 일반적으로 요구된다.
a space that is regularly occupied and used for educational 교육적인 활동을 위해 정기적으로 재실되고 사용되는 공간.
classroom or core learning activities. In such space, the primary functions are teaching and 이런 공간의 주요 기능은 가르치고, 배우는 것이며, 이야기의
space learning, and good speech communication is critical to students’ 소통이 학생의 학업 성취도에 중요한 역할을 한다. (ANSI
academic achievement. (Adapted from ANSI S12.60) S12.60에서 발췌)
clean waste nonhazardous materials left over from construction and 시공 및 해체를 통해 남겨진 폐기물 중 위험하지 않은 자재.
demolition. Clean waste excludes lead and asbestos. 청정 폐기물은 납과 석면을 포함하지 않는다.
clear glazing glass that is transparent and allows a view through the 투명하며, 창을 통해 전망을 볼 수 있는 유리창. 분산된
fenestration. Diffused glazing allows only daylighting. 유리창은 자연채광만 가능하다.


medical equipment by recirculating water. Because the water is 물을 재순환함으로써 건물과 의학장비의 열을 배출하기 위한
closed-loop cooling sealed within the system, some closed-loop cooling systems use 방열기와 같은 역할을 하는 설비. 그 물이 설비 내에 밀봉되어
nonpotable water (such as recycled process water harvested from 있기 때문에, 어떤 폐회로 냉각 설비는 비음용수를 사용한다.
an air handler's cooling coil condensate). (공조기 냉방코일 응축으로부터 차집된 재활용 공정용수 등)

artificial light source, as compared with an incandescent light, 0부터 100까지의 측정은 인공 광원이 백열등과 비교하여,
displays hues. The higher the index number, the more accurately 얼마나 정확하게 색을 보여주는 지를 나타낸다. 평가 숫자가
the light is rendering colors. Incandescent lighting has a color 높을수록 조명은 색깔을 더 정확하게 보여준다. 백열등은 95
color rendering index rendering index above 95; standard high-pressure sodium lighting 이상의 연색 평가 지수를 갖고 있다. 표준 고압 나트륨 (high-
(such as orange-hued roadway lights) measures approximately 25; pressure sodium) 조명 (오렌지색의 도로 조명같은)은 대략 25
many fluorescent sources using rare earth phosphors have a color 이다. 희토류 형광체를 사용하는 많은 형광원은 80 이상의 연색
rendering index of 80 and above. (Adapted from U.S. ENERGY 평가 지수를 갖고 있다. (U.S. ENERGY STAR에서 발췌)
STAR)
combination oven discharge water released from an oven that includes a steam cycle or option 증기 순환 또는 선택사항을 포함하는 화로로부터 방출되는
수분

generated by a single fuel source in the production of electrical 전력 생산의 단일 연료원을 사용하여 생산되는 버려질 열을
combined heat and power power. Also known as cogeneration. (Adapted from U.S. 수집하는 통합 설비. cogeneration이라고도 알려져 있다. (미국
Environmental Protection Agency) 환경부에서 차용)
building waste streams that are combined on the project site and 프로젝트 부지내에 혼합하여 보관된 건물 폐기물로 재활용을
commingled waste hauled away for sorting into recyclable streams. Also known as 위한 분류를 위해 운반된다. 단일 재활용방식 (single-stream
single-stream recycling. recycling)으로도 알려져 있다.

its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, 건물과 그 모든 설비 및 조립품들이 건축주의 사업 요구사항을
commissioning (Cx) operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project 만족할 수 있도록 계획, 설계, 설치, 시험, 운영, 및 유지되는
requirements 것을 검증하고 문서화하는 절차


completion of commissioning process activities. The CxA facilitates 커미셔닝 절차 업무들의 완료를 조직, 지휘 및 검토하도록
commissioning authority communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to 지정된 담당자. CxA는 건축주, 설계자, 그리고 하도급자간의
(CxA)
ensure that complex systems are installed and function in 의사소통을 도와줌으로써 복잡한 설비들이 건축주의 사업
accordance with the owner’s project requirements. 요구사항에 따라 설치되고 기능하는 것을 확인한다.

the ability of an electric current to pass through water. Because it is 전류가 물을 통과하는 능력을 사용하여 측정한 물 속에 용해된
conductivity
affected by temperature, conductivity is measured at 25°C for 고체의 수준. 온도의 영향을 받기 때문에, 전도율은 표준화를
standardization. 이유로 25°C에서 측정한다.

nonnatural means. A conventional irrigation system commonly 비자연식 방법에 의하여 식물에 물을 공급하는 지역의 가장
uses pressure to deliver water and distributes it through sprinkler 일반적인 설비. 재래식 관수 설비는 통상 지상의 스프링클러
heads above the ground. 헤드를 통해 물을 공급하고 분배하는데 압력을 사용한다.
the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because 냉각탑에서 배출되는 물로 일반적으로 염분 또는
cooling tower blowdown increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower 알칼리성분이 침전물을 유발하기 때문에 증가사용된다.
blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. 냉각탑 블로우다운은 조경 관개용수로 사용하기에는 너무
염도가 높을 수 있다.
analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction 자원의 추출 (요람)에서 공장출구 (판매를 위해 운송되기 전)
cradle-to-gate assessment (cradle) to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution 까지에 대한 제품의 부분적 생애주기에 대한 분석. 제품의
and sale). It omits the use and the disposal phases of the product. 사용과 폐기 단계에 대한 것은 제외한다.
an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural 역사적인 사건이나 기록, 또는 사람과 관련되거나 기타 중요한
cultural landscape and natural resources associated with a historic event, activity, or 문화적, 미적 가치를 가진 문화적, 자연적 자원을 포함하고
person or that exhibits other significant cultural or aesthetic values 있는 것으로 공식적으로 지정된 지리적 영역
the implementation of the owner’s project requirements,

current facilities developed to confirm the owner’s current operational needs and 건축주 사업 요구사항의 수행, 건축주의 현재 운영 필요 및
requirements (CFR) requirements 요구사항을 확인하기 위하여 작성함.


sized and allocated for a specific task, such as the collection of 재활용 폐기물의 수집과 같은 특정 작업을 위해 확보되고
recyclable waste. Signage often indicates the type of recyclable 배치된 건물공간의 지정영역 또는 중앙시설. 안내문을 통해
waste stored there. Some waste streams, such as mercury-based 보관하고 있는 재활용 폐기물의 유형에 대해 인지한다. 수은등,
dedicated storage light bulbs, sensitive paper documents, biomedical waste, or 민감한 문서, 생물의학적 폐기물 또는 배터리와 같은 폐기물에
batteries, may require particular handling or disposal methods. 대해서는 특별한 관리 또는 폐기방식을 요한다. 해당 지역에서
Consult the municipality’s safe storage and disposal procedures or 지정한 안전한 보관 및 폐기절차 또는 미국 환경보호국의
use guidelines posted on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 웹사이트www.epa.gov를 참고한다.

normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of 전력 요금의 변경 또는 높은 소매 시장 가격이나 설비
demand response (DR) electricity or to incentive payments designed to induce lower 안정성이 위험한 경우 저렴한 전력을 도입하기 위하여 계획된
electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when 인센티브 과금에 대응하여 수요측의 일반적인 소비
system reliability is jeopardized 방식에서의 자원들에 의한 전력 사용의 변화

demand response (DR) operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in grid- 전력사업자 또는 독립된 서비스 운영자가 망기반의 전력이 그
event based electricity from its program participants. Also known as a 대상 참여주체들로부터 패턴 또는 사용 수준에 변화하도록
curtailment event. 요구하는 경우의 특정한 시기. 감축 이벤트로도 알려짐.

health care facility, acoustical concerns and embedded equipment, 임시적인 실내 벽으로 쉽게 개조 가능하다. 의료시설에서는
as in a surgery suite, may prevent demountable partitions from 수술실의 음향적 문제 및 내부에 설치된 기기들로 인해 임시
being used 칸막이벽의 설치가 어렵다.
densely occupied space

an area with a design occupant density of 25 people or more per 1,000 평방 피트 (93 평방미터) 당 25명 이상의 설계 점유
1,000 square feet (93 square meters) 밀도를 갖는 공간


parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for 필지의 시공가능 부지면적 대비 이 부지에 위치하는 전체
density
measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. 건물연면적 또는 주거호수. 밀도를 산정하는 단위는 평가항목
Does not include structured parking. 요구조건에 따라 다르다. 주차장은 포함하지 않는다.

departmental gross area department, calculated from the centerline of the walls separating 의료부서별 진단 및 치료에 따른 바닥면적으로 인접한 영역의
(DGA) the department from adjacent spaces. Walls and circulations space 부서와 구분이 벽 중심선을 기준으로 산정한다. 부서 내의 벽
within the department are included in the calculation. This 및 동선공간은 산정에 포함된다. 설비층은 산정에서 제외된다.
the total land area of a project site covered by buildings, streets, 건물, 가로, 주차장, 그리고 그 밖에 프로젝트의 일부로서
development footprint parking areas, and other typically impermeable surfaces 불투수성 포장으로 시공된 지표면이 차지하는 프로젝트 부지
constructed as part of the project 내 면적
a state in which two materials with different life spans make up 하나의 완성된 부품을 구성하는 두 재료의 생애기간이 다른
differential durability one complete component. If one material wears out and cannot be 상태. 만일 한 재료가 소모되었고 분리 및 교체를 할 수 없다면,
separated and replaced, the entire product must be thrown away. 제품 전체를 버려야만 한다.
a means of entering a space without having to leave the floor or 해당 층을 벗어나거나, 다른 환자의 병실, 직원 전용공간,
pass through another patient’s room, dedicated staff space, service 서비스 및 설비공간, 또는 주요 공용공간을 거치지 않고
direct access or utility space, or major public space. Patients’ and public 외부공간으로 진입할 수 있는 수단. 환자 및 공공의 순환복도,
circulation corridors, common sitting areas, and waiting and day 공공 좌석, 대기 및 휴게실이 직접 연계 동선의 일부가 될 수
space may be part of a direct access route. 있다.
an interior horizontal measurement of 1,000 lux or more of direct 1,000 lux 이상의 직사광선 햇빛의 실내 수평선상의 측정으로
beam sunlight that accounts for window transmittance and angular 이는 창문 투과율 및 각도 효과를 포함하지만, 반사광선(예,
direct sunlight effects, and excludes the effect of any operable blinds, with no 제로 반사 분석) 또는 확산된 하늘 요인의 영향을 전혀 받지
contribution from reflected light (i.e., a zero bounce analysis) and 않는 개폐형 블라인드의 효과는 포함하지 않는다. (Illuminating
no contribution from the diffuse sky component (Adapted from IES) Engineering Society에서 발췌)


distribution system that provides thermal energy to a group of 열 에너지를 집단의 건물들에게 제공하는 중앙의 에너지 변환
district energy system (DES) buildings (e.g., a central cooling plant on a university campus). It 플랜트와 전송 및 분배 설비(예> 대학 캠퍼스에 있는 중앙 냉방
does not include central energy systems that provide only 플랜트). 전력만을 공급하는 중앙 에너지 플랜트는 포함하지
electricity. 않는다.
a distinct business or organization that provides goods or services 용도가 분명하며, 공식적으로 인지되는 사업, 비영리,
intended to meet daily needs and is publicly available. Automated 지차제기관, 종교시설, 정부기관 또는 주거단지 (주거용도),
diverse use facilities such as ATMs or vending machines are not included. For a 또는 사무실 (상업시설용도). 지정된 주소를 가지고 있으며
full list, see the Appendix. 공공이 이용가능하다. ATM, 자판기, 터치스크린과 같은
자동화시설은 포함되지 않는다.

in the project building or on the project site and associated with 사업 건물 내 또는 부지 내에 위치하고, 난방 및 냉방 공간에
transporting the thermal energy of the district energy system (DES) 지역 에너지 설비(DES)의 열 에너지를 전달하는데 관련된 난방
into heated and cooled spaces. Downstream equipment includes 및 냉방 설비, 장비, 제어설비. 소비측(downstream) 장비는 DES
the thermal connection or interface with the DES, secondary 와의 열 연결 및 인터페이스, 건물의 2차 분배 설비, 그리고
distribution systems in the building, and terminal units. 말단 장치를 포함한다.

that are replaced infrequently. Examples include furniture, office 약 2년 이상의 유용한 생애기간을 가져 가끔씩 교체하는 제품.
equipment, appliances, external power adapters, televisions, and 가구, 사무기구, 전자제품, 외부전력어댑터, 텔레비전, 그리고
durable goods
audiovisual equipment. 시청각 기자재가 예시에 포함된다.
the flow of long-lasting products from the project building after 내구 연한이 긴 제품이 일반적인 업무 운용을 통해 그 가치가
they are fully depreciated and have reached the end of their useful 완전히 떨어지고 그들의 유용한 생애주기의 끝에 도달한 뒤
durable goods waste stream life for normal business operations. It includes leased durable 건물로부터 배출되는 흐름. 임차인에게 반납하는 임대 내구성
goods returned to their owner but does not include durable goods 제품은 포함하지만 기능이 유지되고 다른 층 또는 건물로
that remain functional and are moved to another floor or building. 이전하는 내구성 제품은 포함하지 않는다.


equipment grounding conductors, the electric vehicle connectors, 구내배선을 통해 전기차에 에너지를 전달할 목적으로 설치된
electric vehicle supply attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or 비접지도체, 접지도체, 기기접지선, 전기자동차 커넥터, 접합
equipment apparatuses installed specifically for the purpose of delivering 플러그, 그리고 기타 부품, 기기, 전력 콘센트 및 전력 기기.
energy from the premises wiring to the electric vehicle. (National (National Electric Codes and California Article 625)

printers, scanners, fax machines), appliances (refrigerators, 버려진 업무기기 (컴퓨터, 모니터, 복사기, 프린터, 스캐너, 팩스
electronic waste
dishwashers, water coolers), external power adapters, and ), 전자기기 (냉장고, 세척기, 냉수기), 전기 어댑터, 텔레비전 및
televisions and other audiovisual equipment 기타 시청각 기기

elemental mercury compound), the vapor of which is commonly used in fluorescent 순수한 형태의 수은 (수은이 포함된 합성물이 아닌), 원소적
and other bulb types 수은의 증기는 일반적으로 형광등과 기타 조명에 적용된다.
emergency lighting a luminaire that operates only during emergency conditions and is 응급상황에서만 점등되며, 평소에는 늘 소등되어 있는
always off during normal building operation 조명기구

employment center density of at least 50 employees per net acre (at least 125 에이커당 최소 50명의 근로자 (헥타르당 최소 125명의 근로자)
employees per hectare net) 근무밀도를 지닌 최소 2에이커 (2헥타르)의 비주거 영역.

consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned 건물의 외부공간 및 반외부공간. 외부공간은 외부로부터
spaces from the outside (i.e., the wall assembly). Semiexterior 공조공간을 분리하는 건물의 요소로 구성된다. (예: 벽체
enclosure
consists of the elements of a building that separate conditioned 조립물) 반외부공간은 공조공간을 비공조공간으로부터
space from unconditioned space or that encloses semi-heated 분리하거나, 열에너지가 외부로부터 공조 및 비공조공간으로
space through which thermal energy may be transferred to or from 전달되는 반난방공간을 둘러싼 건물의 요소로 구성된다. (예:
the exterior or conditioned or unconditioned spaces (e.g., attic, 다락, 설비공간, 지하)


access water and energy usage information that a building USGBC와 같은 외부 구성원이 건물 관리 팀이 ENERGY STAR
management team maintains with ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager Portfolio Manager 또는 유사한 도구를 사용하여 유지하는 물 및
or a similar tool 에너지 사용량 정보에 접근할 수 있도록 허용하는 지정법
a substance designed at the molecular (nanometer) level. Because 분자 (나노)수준에서 제작된 물질. 미세한 크기 때문에
of its small size, it has novel properties generally not seen in its 일반적인 대응물질 대비 눈에 보이지 않는 특성을 가지고 있다.
engineered nanomaterial conventional bulk counterpart. See the Australian National Australian National Industrial Chemicals Notification and
Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, Assessment Scheme,
nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_informatio nicnas.gov.au/publications/information_sheets/general_information
n_sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf. _sheets/nis_nanomaterials_pdf.pdf 를 참고 한다.

environmental product of ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 and EN 15804, or ISO 21930– ISO 14021–1999, ISO 14025–2006 그리고 EN 15804, 또는 ISO
declaration
2007 21930–2007의 환경적 요구조건에 부합하는 항목에 대한 인증

atmosphere. Evaporation occurs when liquid water from soil, plant 대기로의 증발산량 및 식물 증산량의 조합. 증발산은 토양의
evapotranspiration surfaces, or water bodies becomes vapor. Transpiration is the 수분, 식물 표면, 또는 수역이 증기로 변할 때 발생한다. 증산은
movement of water through a plant and the subsequent loss of 식물을 통한 물의 이동과 물의 증발에 연계된 손실이다.
water vapor.

waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and 포괄적 생산자 책임제도에 참여하거나, 포괄적 생산자
extended producer recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type. To 책임제도에 직접적으로 책임을 가지고 있 는 제조사로부터
responsibility count toward credit compliance, a program must be widely 구매된 자재. 포괄적 생산자 책임제도에 해당하는 제품의 경우
available. For carpet, extended producer responsibility must be 이 평가항목의 산정시 비용의 50%에 대해서 인정받을 수 있다.

that requires little maintenance once established. The planting 식재로 덮인 지붕이며 일반인 접근을 위해 계획되지 않는다.
extensive vegetated roof medium in extensive vegetated roofs ranges from 1 to 6 inches in 한번 설치되면 최소한의 유지관리만을 요하는 시스템이다.
depth. (Adapted from U.S. EPA) exterior vegetated surface area the 저관리 경량형 옥상녹화의 식재배지는 1-6인치 두께이다 (출처
total area of vegetation on the project site, including vegetated : 미국환경 보호국)

external meter volume of water passing through it. Also known as a clamp-on 수도 배관의 외부에 그것을 통과하는 물의 체적을 기록하기
meter. 위하여 설치된 장치
the density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking, 총 비거주용 건물 바닥면적을 비거주용 건물을 위해 가용한 총
measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by 건축가능 대지면적으로 나누어 측정한 기계식 주차를 제외한
the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures. 비거주용 대지 사용의 밀도. 예를 들어, 10,000 평방피트 (930
For example, on a site with 10,000 square feet (930 square meters) 평방미터)의 건축가능한 비주거용 대지 면적을 가지는 대지
floor-area ratio (FAR) of buildable land area, an FAR of 1.0 would be 10,000 square feet 위에서, 10,000 평방피트 (930 평방미터)의 바닥면적의 건물은
(930 square meters) of building floor area. On the same site, an 1.0의 FAR을 가진다. 같은 대지 위에, 5,000 평방피트 (465
FAR of 1.5 would be 15,000 square feet (1395 square meters), an 평방미터)의 건물은 0.5의 FAR을 가진다; 150,000 평방피트
FAR of 2.0 would be 20,000 square feet (1860 square meters), and (1,395 평방미터)의 건물은 1.5의 FAR을 가진다; 그리고 20,000
an FAR of 0.5 would be 5,000 square feet (465 square meters). 평방피트 (1,860 평방미터)의 건물은 2.0의 FAR을 가진다.
the water discharged from a subsurface drainage system. If a 지표하부 배수 설비로부터 배출되는 물. 만약 건물 기초부가
foundation drain building foundation is below the water table, a sump pump may be 지하수면보다 낮다면, 배수펌프가 필요할 수 있다.
required. Discharge from the sump may be stored and used for 배수펌프로부터의 배출수는 조경관수로 저장 및 사용할 수
irrigation. 있다.


transfer operations. Freight villages may offer logistics services, 물류운송을 포함한 운송관련 사업을 위한 클러스터. 운송
integrated distribution, warehousing capabilities, showrooms, and 단지는 물류서비스, 통합물류분배소, 창고영역, 전시시설,
freight village support services. Such support services may include security, 그리고 관련 지원시설을 제공한다. 관련 지원시설은 보안, 유지
maintenance, mail, banking, customs and import management , 우편, 금융, 고객지원, 카페, 레스토랑, 업무영역, 컨퍼런스룸,
assistance, cafeterias, restaurants, office space, conference rooms, 호텔, 대중교통, 중심교통시설을 포함한다.

during regular business hours. It does not include any door 건물의 정규 운영시간동안 보행자가 이용할 수 있는 건물의
functional entry
exclusively designated as an emergency exit, or a garage door not 출입부. 비상탈출구 및 차고출입구와 같이 보행자를 위해
designed as a pedestrian entrance. 계획된 출입부가 아닌 경우는 제외된다.

including individual and group seating; open-plan and private-office 프로젝트를 위해 구입된 독립적으로 서있는 가구 항목으로
workstations; desks and tables; storage units, credenzas, 개인 및 그룹의 좌석, 오픈 플랜 및 개인 사무가구, 책상 및
bookshelves, filing cabinets, and other case goods; wall-mounted 테이블, 수납장, 식기진열장, 책장, 파일 캐비넷 및 기타
visual-display products (e.g., marker boards and tack boards, 수납가구, 벽에 거는 시각표시제품 (예: 전자 디스플레이를
furniture and furnishings excluding electronic displays); and miscellaneous items, such as 제외한 칠판 및 게시판); 이젤, 이동식 카트, 독립적으로 서있는
easels, mobile carts, freestanding screens, installed fabrics, and 스크린, 설치된 직물, 이동가능한 칸막이벽 등의 기타 항목을
movable partitions. Hospitality furniture is included as applicable to 포함한다. 병실의 가구는 프로젝트에 적용가능하다. 책상
the project. Office accessories, such as desktop blotters, trays, tape 흡취지, 정리함, 테이프 용기, 휴지통, 조명이나 소형 기기와
dispensers, waste baskets, and all electrical items, such as lighting 같은 전자제품을 포함하는 업무공간의 장식물들은 제외된다.


grams per brake nitrogen oxide or particulate matter) are emitted by an engine of a 엔진의 시간당 제동마력 대비 가스배출 (예: 질소산화물 또는
horsepower hour specific horsepower rating over a one-hour period 부유성 고형물)의 그램수를 측정하는 단위
“untreated household waste water which has not come into “처리되지 않으며, 화장실 배수를 포함하지 않는 가정 배수.
contact with toilet waste. Graywater includes used water from 잡배수는 욕조, 샤워실, 세면대, 및 세탁기와 세탁용으로
bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, and water from clothes- 사용된 물을 포함한다. 이는 부엌 싱크대 또는
washers and laundry tubs. It must not include waste water from 식기세척기로부터 배출된 배수를 포함하지 않아야 한다.”
kitchen sinks or dishwashers” (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix (Uniform Plumbing Code, Appendix G, Gray Water Systems for
G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings); “waste water Single-Family Dwellings);
graywater discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and “세면대, 욕조, 샤워실, 세탁기 및 세탁용 싱크대에서 배출된
laundry sinks” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray 배수” (International Plumbing Code, Appendix C, Gray Water
Water Recycling Systems). Some states and local authorities allow Recycling Systems). 몇몇의 주와 지역 조례에서는 부엌
kitchen sink wastewater to be included in graywater. Other 싱크대의 배수를 잡배수에 포함시키기도 한다. 다른점들은
differences can likely be found in state and local codes. Project 지역 조례 및 법규에서 찾을 수 있다. 프로젝트팀은 프로젝트가
teams should comply with the graywater definition established by 위치한 지역조례의 잡배수 관련 정의를 따른다.

management that is cost-effective, sustainable, and 우천 관리를 위한 토양 및 식물 관련 접근법으로 비용 효율이
environmentally friendly. Green infrastructure management 높고, 지속적이며, 환경 친화적인 방법이다. 녹색 인프라 관리
approaches and technologies infiltrate, evapotranspire, capture 관련 접근법과 기술력은 우수를 침투시키고, 증발산키시고,
and reuse stormwater to maintain or restore natural hydrologies. 모아두고, 재사용하여, 자연 수문학을 유지하고 복구한다. (U.S.
(Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Environmental Protection Agency에서 발췌)

green power a subset of renewable energy composed of grid-based electricity 재생 에너지 자원으로부터 생성된 그리드 기반의 전기로
produced from renewable energy sources 이뤄진 재생 에너지의 부분집합
vehicles achieving a minimum green score of 45 on the American Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle rating guide에
green vehicles Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle 대한 the American Council 또는 미국 지역외 프로젝트의 경우
rating guide (or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.). 이에 상응하는 지역조례에 따라 최소 45점의 녹색 점수를
획득한 차량
greenfield area that is not previously developed, graded or disturbed, and 기존에 개발되거나, 정지되거나, 피해를 입지 않은 부지이며,
could support open space, habitat, or natural hydrology 오픈 스페이스, 서식지, 또는 자연 수문을 지니고 있는 부지.
the inanimate elements of the building landscaping. It includes 건물 조경 중 무생물 요소들. 이는 포장, 도로, 돌담, 나무 및
hardscape pavement, roadways, stonewalls, wood and synthetic decking, 합성 데크, 콘크리트 경로 및 보도, 그리고 콘크리트나 벽돌,
concrete paths and sidewalks, and concrete, brick, and tile patios. 타일로 된 파티오를 포함한다.
any item or agent (biological, chemical, physical) that has the 단독으로 또는 다른 인자와의 상호 작용을 통해 인간, 동물,
hazardous material potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment, 또는 환경에 유해 할 수 있는 잠재력을 가지고 있는 모든 항목
either by itself or through interaction with other factors 또는 매체 (생물학적, 화학적, 물리적)
the thermal absorption by hardscape, such as dark, nonreflective 어둡고 비반사의 포장 도로나 건물과 같은 인공 조경이나
pavement and buildings, and its subsequent radiation to 그로부터 그 주변 지역에 미치는 방사선에 의한 열 흡수. 다른
heat island effect surrounding areas. Other contributing factors may include vehicle 요인으로 자동차 배기 가스, 에어컨 및 거리의 장비를 포함 할
exhaust, air-conditioners, and street equipment. Tall buildings and 수 있다. 고층 건물과 좁은 거리는 공기 흐름을 줄이고
narrow streets reduce airflow and exacerbate the effect. 열섬효과를 악화시킨다.
a transportation thoroughfare intended for motor vehicles with 자동차 전용의 교통통행로로써, 제한된 접근지점을 가지고
highway limited access points, prohibitions on human-powered vehicles, 있고, 인력 에 의한 운송수단이 금지되며, 일반 지방도로보다
and higher speeds than local roads. A highway generally connects 빠른 속도가 허용된다. 고속도로는 일반적으로 도시와
cities and towns. 소도시를 연결한다.


archeological, or cultural significance that is listed or determined to 역사적, 건축학적, 기술적, 고고학적, 또는 문화적으로 중요한
be eligible as a historic structure or building, or as a contributing 건물 및 구조물로 역사적인 구조물 또는 건물이라고
building or structure in a designated historic district. The historic 목록화되거나, 결정된 건물, 또는 지정 역사 지구에 기여하는
historic building designation must be made by a local historic preservation review 건물 또는 구조물. 이러한 지정은 지역의 역사보존 위원회, 및
board or similar body, and the structure must be listed in a state 유사 기관에 의해 이루어지며, 구조물은 고적 목록에
register of historic places, be listed in the National Register of 등재되거나, National Register of Historic Places (또는 미국 이외
Historic Places (or a local equivalent outside the U.S.), or have been 프로젝트의 경우 해당지역 동등기준)에 등재되거나, 등재될
determined eligible for listing. 것으로 결정되어야 한다.

designated or determined to be eligible as historically and 역사적, 건축학적, 또는 문화적으로 중요하고 기여, 혹은
architecturally significant, and categorized as either contributing or 비기여하는 것으로 분류되어 지정된 건물, 구조물, 사물, 및
historic district
noncontributing to the historic nature of the district 부지의 조합.
an item that consists of only one material throughout or a 표면의 코팅제를 제외하고, 오직 하나의 물질로 구성되었거나,
homogeneous material combination of multiple materials that cannot be mechanically 기계적으로 분해 될 수 없는 여러 재료의 조합으로 만들어진
disjointed, excluding surface coatings 것.
hydrozone a group of plantings with similar water needs 비슷한 물을 필요로 하는 식물군

the incident luminous flux density on a differential element of 지점에 위치하고 특정 방향으로 배향하는 표면의 차등 요소에
surface located at a point and oriented in a particular direction, 대한 입사 광속 밀도로써, 단위 당 루멘으로 표현됨. 관련
expressed in lumens per unit area. Since the area involved is 구역에 차이가 있기 때문에, 지점에서의 조도로서 이를
differential, it is customary to refer to this as illuminance at a point. 참조하는 것이 관례이다. 단위 이름은 면적의 측정단위에 따라
illuminance The unit name depends on the unit of measurement for area: 달라진다: 면적에 대해 제곱피트가 사용되면 풋켄들
footcandles if square feet are used for area, and lux if square (footcandles)이고, 제곱미터가 사용되면 럭스 (lux)이다. (IES
meters are used. (Adapted from IES) In lay terms, illuminance is a 에서 발췌) 일반적인 말로, 조도는 표면에 닿는 빛의 측정이다.
measurement of light striking a surface. It is expressed in 이를 미국 (제곱 피터를 기준으로) 에서는 풋켄들 (footcandles)
footcandles in the U.S. (based on square feet) and in lux in most 로 표현하고, 대부분의 다른 나라 (제곱 미터를 기준으로하는)
other countries (based on square meters). 에서는 럭스 (lux)로 표현한다.

such a way that precipitation cannot infiltrate downward through 강수가 토양을 통해 아래로 침투 할 수 없도록 개발이나
impervious surface the soil. Examples of impervious surfaces include roofs, paved 빌딩이 변경된 대지의 영역. 불침투성 표면의 예로는 지붕,
roads and parking areas, sidewalks, and soils that have been 포장 도로와 주차 공간, 보도, 및 디자인 또는 사용에 의해
compacted either by design or by use. 압축된 토양을 포함한다.
an area where an occupant performs distinct tasks. Individual 개인이 별개의 임무를 수행하기 위한 구역. 개인 재실 공간은
individual occupant space occupant spaces may be within multioccupant spaces and should 다인 재실 공간에 위치할 수 있으며, 가능하다면 개별적으로
be treated separately where possible. 다뤄져야 한다.
any water discharged from a factory setting. Before this water can 공장 환경에서 배출되는 모든 물. 이 물이 관개용으로 사용되기
industrial process water be used for irrigation, its quality needs to be checked. Saline or 전에, 그 질을 검토해야 한다. 이 물을 관개를 목적으로
corrosive water should not be used for irrigation. 사용하기 전에, 그 품질을 검토한다. 염분이나 부식성 물이
관개에 사용되어서는 안된다.
a site where at least 75% of the land area, exclusive of rights-of- 프로젝트 경계로부터 반경 ½ mile (800m) 내 위치한 공공
way, within ½ mile (800 meters) of the project boundary is 통행로를 제외하고 최소 75%의 토지 영역이 기존에 개발되었던
infill site previously developed. A street or other right-of-way does not 영역인 부지. 가로 또는 기타 공공 통행로는 기존에 개발되었던
constitute previously developed land; it is the status of property on 토지로 간주되지 않으며; 공공 통행로 또는 가로를 제외한
the other side of right-of-way or the street that matters. 영역의 현황이 반영된다.

(HVAC) uncontrolled inward air leakage to conditioned spaces (HVAC) 공조된 공간에 제어되지 않은 공기가 내부로 침입되는
infiltration through unintentional openings in ceilings, floors, and walls from 현상으로 공조되지 않은 공간이나 야외로부터의 공기가 천장,
unconditioned spaces or the outdoors caused by the same pressure 바닥, 벽 등의 의도하지 않은 개구부를 통해 이뤄지며, 침입을
differences that induce exfiltration. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) 유도하는 동일한 압력 차이에 의해 발생한다.

should have a high thermal emittance. The wavelength range for 적외선 (열)를 내뿜는 재료의 능력을 나타내는 0과 1 (0 %와 100
radiant energy is roughly 5 to 40 micrometers. Most building %) 사이의 값. 차가운 지붕은 높은 열 발사도를 갖는다.
infrared (thermal) materials (including glass) are opaque in this part of the spectrum 스펙트럼의 이 부분에서 (유리를 포함한) 대부분의 건물
emittance and have an emittance of roughly 0.9, or 90%. Clean, bare metals, 재료들은 불투명하며 대략 0.9 또는 90%의 발사도를 갖는다.
such as untarnished galvanized steel, have a low emittance and are 더럽혀지지 않은 아연 도금 강판같이 깨끗한 나금속은 낮은
the most important exceptions to the 0.9 rule. In contrast, 발사도를 갖으며 0.9 법칙에서 가장 중요한 예외이다. 이와
aluminum roof coatings have intermediate emittance levels. 반대로, 알루미늄 지붕 코팅은 중간 정도의 발산도를 갖는다.
inpatient an individual admitted to a medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, 의료, 외과, 산부인과, 전문의, 또는 중환자실에 23시간을
or intensive-care unit for a length of stay exceeding 23 hours 초과하는 기간 동안 입원하는 개인
inpatient unit any medical, surgical, maternity, specialty, or intensive-care unit 내과, 외과, 산부인과, 전문의, 또는 중환자실 병동으로, 23
where an individual receives care for more than 23 hours 시간을 초과하는 기간 동안 개인이 치료를 받는 곳

For furniture, such labeling may include radio frequency 쉽게 제거되지 못하는 정보 전달 시스템. 가구의 경우, 이러한
integral labeling identification, engraving, embossing, or other permanent marking 표기방법으로 무선 주파수 식별, 조각, 엠보싱, 또는 다른
containing information on material origin, properties, and date of 영구적 인 표기법 등이 있으며, 이는 재료 원산지, 특성 및 제조
manufacture. 일자에 대한 정보를 포함한다.
integrated pest
a method of pest management that protects human health and 해충을 관리하는 방법으로써, 가장 효과적이며 최소로 위험한
management the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns 방법을 통해 인간의 건강 및 주변 환경을 보호하고, 경제적
through the most effective, least-risk option 보상을 향상시킨다.


(contractual and legal agreements) and practices. The process 사람, 시스템 및 사업 구조 (계약 및 법적 계약)을 포함한
접근법과 관례. 디자인, 제조, 건설의 모든 단계를 통해, 결과를
results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize 개선하고, 소유자의 가치를 증가시키고, 폐기물을 줄이고,
efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and 효율을 극대화하기 위해 이 과정은 모든 참가자의 재능과
construction. (Adapted from American Institute of Architects) 통찰력을 이용합니다
a roof that, compared with an extensive vegetated roof, has 저관리 경량형 옥상녹화 대비 토양의 부피가 크고, 더 다양한
greater soil volume, supports a wider variety of plants (including 종류의 식재 (관목 및 교목 포함)를 지원하며, 더 다양한 용도
shrubs and trees), and allows a wider variety of uses (including (사람의 접근 포함)을 허용하는 옥상녹화이다. 식재배지의
intensive vegetated roof human access). The depth of the growing medium is an important 두께는 서식지의 가치를 결정짓는 중요한 요소가 된다.
factor in determining habitat value. The native or adapted plants 옥상녹화에 사용될 토착식생 및 도입식생은 부지 고유의
selected for the roof should support the site’s endemic wildlife 야생종을 지원할 수 있도록 선정되어야 한다. (출처: Green
populations. (Adapted from Green Roofs for Healthy Cities) Roofs for Healthy Cities)
all the layers applied over a finished subfloor or stairs, including 계단의 디딤바닥과 챌면, 경사로, 및 다른 보도 표면을
stair treads and risers, ramps, and other walking surfaces. Interior 포함하여, 마감된 바탕 마루널 또는 계단위에 적용되는 모든
interior floor finish finish excludes building structural members, such as beams, 레이어. 실내 마감은 보, 트러스, 스터드, 또는 바탕 마루널 등과
trusses, studs, or subfloors, or similar items. Interior finish also 같은 건물 구조 요소들은 제외한다. 실내 마감은 또한
excludes nonfull spread wet coatings or adhesives. 국소적으로 펴바르는 습식 코팅제나 접착제는 제외한다.

including fixed walls, fixed partitions, columns, exposed ceilings, 빌딩의 노출된 실내벽을 구성하는 모든 레이어. 고정된 벽,
interior wall and ceiling and interior wainscoting, paneling, interior trim or other finish 고정된 칸막이벽, 기둥, 노출된 천장, 및 실내 징두리널, 판넬,
finish
applied mechanically or for decoration, acoustical correction, 실내 트림 또는 다른 기계적으로 적용된 마감 또는 데코레이션,
surface fire resistance, or similar purposes 음향 조절, 표면 내화성, 또는 유사 목적을 갖는 마감

a venue for the movement of goods in a single loading unit or road 물류 자체를 개별적으로 이동시킬 필요없이 연속해서 두가지
intermodal facility vehicle that uses successively two or more modes of transportation 이상의 운송방식을 사용하는 적재차량 또는 운송차량에
without the need to handle the goods themselves 적재된 물류이동을 위한 장소.

aggressively adapts and reproduces. The plant’s vigor combined 타지역에 유입되어 공격적으로 적응하고 재생산되는 외부
invasive plant with a lack of natural enemies often leads to outbreak populations. 태생의 초목. 이 식물은 천적의 부족과 결합 된 식물의 세력이
(Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture) 종종 개체군의 급증을 발생하게 한다.

IT annual energy equipment which includes servers, networking, and storage 일년간 서버, 네트워킹, 및 저장 장비를 포함하는 정보 기술과
equipment over the course of a year 텔레콤 장비에 의한 전기 소비량
a device emitting light in a fixture, excluding lamp housing and 램프 하우징과 조명기구 안정기를 제외한 빛을 발생시키는
lamp ballasts. Light-emitting diodes packaged as traditional lamps also 기기. 관습적인 전등의 패키지 발광다이오드 (Light-emitting
meet this definition. diodes packaged) 또한 이 정의에 부합한다.

bulbs. Lamp life for fluorescent lights is determined by testing three 전등과 같은 인공조명원의 사용연한. 형광등의 전등 수명은 매
hours on for every 20 minutes off. For high-density discharge 3시간 마다 20분씩 소등하는 것으로 시험한다. 고밀도
lamp life lamps, the test is based on 11 hours on for every 20 minutes off. 방전램프의 경우, 매 11시간마다 20분씩 소등하는 것으로
Lamp life depends on whether the start ballast is program or 시험한다. 전등 수명은 점등 안정기가 계획되어 있는지,
instant. This information is published in manufacturers’ 즉각적인지에 따라 다르다. 이 정보는 제조사의 정보를 통해
information. Also known as rated average life. 확인될 수 있다. 평균수명이라고도 한다.

a private, nonprofit organization that, as all or part of its mission, 보존 지역권 또는 토지 보유취득을 수행하거나 지원하고, 또는
land trust actively works to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in 그러한 토지 및 지역권을 관리함으로서 해당 임무의 모든 부분,
conservation easement or land acquisition, or by its stewardship of 또는 일부분에 대해서 토지 보존을 위해 활발하게 활동하는
such land or easements (Adapted from Land Trust Alliance) 사설 비영리기관 (Land Trust Alliance로 부터 적용)
materials that are natural (e.g., rock, soil, stone, vegetation). 자연적인 자재 (예: 암석, 토양, 돌, 식재). 인공적으로 제작된
land-clearing debris and soil Materials that are man-made (e.g., concrete, brick, cement) are 자재 (예: 콘크리트, 벽돌, 시멘트)는 부지에 존재했던
considered construction waste even if they were on site. 요소이더라도 건설 폐기물로 간주된다
requirement (LWR) the site’s peak watering month 대지조경면적이 대지의 최대 관수월에 필요로 하는 물의 양
a label, defined by U.S. EPA regulations under the Safe Drinking Safe Drinking Water Act에 따라 미국환경보호국에 의해 정의된
lead-free Water Act, that allows small amounts of lead in solders, flux, pipes, 표기로, 땜납 (Solder)과 플럭스 (Flux), 배관, 배관이음,
pipe fittings, and well pumps 우물펌프에 미량의 납성분을 허용한다.
a registered pesticide in the Tier III (lowest toxicity) category, using San Francisco Hazard Ranking system을 이용한 Tier III (가장
the San Francisco Hazard Ranking system, or a pesticide that meets 낮은 독성) 카테고리에 등록된 농약이나 the San Francisco
least-risk pesticide the requirements in the San Francisco Pesticide Hazard Screening Pesticide Hazard Screening Protocol의 요구조건을 충족시키는
Protocol and is sold as a self-contained bait or as a crack-and- 농약으로, 독립적인 미끼 또는 건물 입주자들이 접근할 수 없는
crevice treatment used in areas inaccessible to building occupants. 구역에서 사용하는 균열 및 틈새 처리용으로 판매된다. 쥐약은
Rodenticides are never considered least-risk pesticides. 최소 위험 살충제로 간주하지 않는다.

length of stay
admitted patient 각 환자들이 의료시설에 머무는 시간
life-cycle assessment an evaluation of the environmental effects of a product from ISO 14040–2006 그리고 ISO 14044–2006에 정의된 바에 따라
cradle to grave, as defined by ISO 14040–2006 and ISO 14044–2006 제품의 생애주기에 걸친 환경적 영향에 대한 평가

a database that defines the environmental effects (inputs and 자재 또는 자재의 조립물의 전생애주기에 대해 각 단계별
life-cycle inventory outputs) for each step in a material’s or assembly’s life cycle. The 환경적인 영향 (원인 및 결과)을 정의한 데이터베이스. 이
database is specific to countries and regions within countries. 데이터베이스는 특정 국가 및 국가 내 특정 지역을 기준으로
한다

upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not 눈부심을 야기하고, 하늘로 방출되거나, 부지 밖으로 방출되는
light pollution
increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly 건물부지로부터 버려지는 빛. 야간 안전, 설비, 또는 보안에
consumes energy. 기여하지 않으며, 필요 이상으로 에너지를 소비한다.
transit service using two- or three-car trains in a right-of-way that 두대 또는 세대의 열차를 이용하여 운영하는 교통 서비스로
is often separated from other traffic modes. Spacing between 다른 교통 서비스로부터 별도로 구분된다. 역간 간격은 1/2
light rail stations tends to be ½ mileor more, and maximum operating mile (800 m) 혹은 그 이상의 간격으로 배치되며, 최대
speeds are typically 40–55 mph (65–90 kmh). Light-rail corridors 운영속도는 기본적으로40–55 mph (65–90 kmh)이다.
typically extend 10 or more miles (16 kilometers). 경전철로의 경로는 주로 10miles (16 km) 이상까지 연장된다.
obtrusive illumination that is unwanted because of quantitative, 양적인 면, 유입방향, 또는 스펙트럼의 특성 때문에 원치 않는
light trespass directional, or spectral attributes. Light trespass can cause 조도. 침입광은 짜증, 불쾌함, 방해, 또는 시계 (Visibility) 손실을
annoyance, discomfort, distraction, or loss of visibility. 야기한다.
an intentional action by a utility to reduce the load on the system. 설비에 대한 부하를 줄이기 위한 전력사업자에 의한 계획된
load shedding Load shedding is usually conducted during emergency periods, such 행위. 부하 분산은 일반적으로 용량 부족, 설비 불안정 또는
as capacity shortages, system instability, or voltage control. 전압 제어와 같은 비상 시기동안 수행된다.
bicycle parking that is easily accessible to residents and employees 거주자 및 직원들에 의해 쉽게 접근이 가능하고 비와
and covered to protect bicycles from rain and snow 눈으로부터 자전거를 보호할 수 있도록 덮개가 있는 자전거
보관소

training or retraining. In LEED, the project team determines the 수리, 업그레이드, 또는 직원 교육 및 재교육과 같은 운영 개선.
low-cost improvement reasonable upper limit for low-cost improvements based on facility LEED에서는 프로젝트팀은 시설의 자원과 운영 예산을 기초로
resources and operating budgets. "저비용개선"에 대한 합리적인 상한점을 정한다.


natural features to protect water quality, by replicating the natural 자연적인 지표상태의 수공간에 대한 수문학 제도를 복원하고,
land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff 그로부터 발생하는 유출수를 고려함으로서 수질을 보호하기
close to its source. Examples include better site design principles 위해 부지내의 자연적인 요소를 강조하고 우수 유출수를
low-impact development (e.g., minimizing land disturbance, preserving vegetation, 관리하는 접근 방식. 그 예로 더나은 대지 설계 원칙 (예, 토지
(LID) minimizing impervious cover), and design practices (e.g., rain 방해의 최소화, 식물의 보존, 불침투성 표면의 최소화), 및 설계
gardens, vegetated swales and buffers, permeable pavement, 관행(예, 우수 정원, 식물을 이용한 습지대와 완충제, 침투성
rainwater harvesting, soil amendments). These are engineered 포장, 빗물의 이용, 토양 개량제). 특화된 설계의 도움을 필요로
practices that may require specialized design assistance. 할 수 있는 엔지니어적인 방법들도 있다.

makeup water condenser to replace water lost through evaporation, drift, bleed- 냉각탑이나 증발식 응축기에 증발, 기류, 누출, 또는 기타 이유
off, or other causes 등을 통해 손실된 물을 대체하기 위해 공급되는 물

natural hydrologic function. Examples of rainwater management 자연적인 수문의 기능을 복원하여 일정량의 우수를 집수 및
include strategies that involve evapotranspiration, infiltration, and 저류시키는 것
capture and reuse.
the limits of a site master plan. The master plan boundary includes 단지계획의 제한영역. 단지계획의 경계는 프로젝트 영역과
master plan boundary the project area and may include all associated buildings and sites LEED 프로젝트 경계 외의 모든 관련 건물 및 부지를 포함한다.
outside of the LEED project boundary. The master plan boundary 단지계획의 경계는 앞으로의 지속가능한 사용, 확장 및 축소를
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. 포함한다.
of a source’s emitted light derived from industry standards, taken 업계 표준에서 파생된 광원으로부터 방출되는 빛으로, 이는 1.0
mean lumen output a with an instant-start ballast that has a ballast factor of 1.0 as 의 밸러스트 (ballast) 요소값을 갖는 즉각 기동 밸러스트
measurement measured at 40% of lamp life (except for T-5 lamps, which use a (instant-start ballast)를 갖으며, 조명수명의 40%에서 측정된다.
program-start ballast) (프로그램 기동 밸러스트 (program-start blast)를 사용하는 T-5
조명은 제외)


include surgical tables; procedure, supply, and mobile technology 의료를 위해 제작된 가구 항목. 예로는 수술대 - 준비, 공급,
medical furnishing carts; lifting and transfer aids; supply closet carts and shelving; and 이동이 가능한 카트; 운반보조; 벽장 및 선반; 침대용 탁자 등이
overbed tables. 포함된다.
a regulator that limits the flow time of water, generally a manual- 물이 흐르는 시간을 제한하는 조절장치로써 일반적으로
metering control on and automatic-off device, most commonly installed on lavatory 수동으로 켜고 자동으로 꺼지는 장치이며 대부분 일반적으로
faucets and showers 수도꼭지와 샤워기에 설치된다.

mixed paper flyers, cereal boxes, wrapping paper, catalogs, magazines, phone 백지 및 색상지, 봉투, 양식, 파일폴더, 노트, 전단, 시리얼 박스,
books, and photos 포장지, 카탈로그, 잡지, 전화번호부, 사진

reconfigured. In a retail setting, items that are movable but 쉽게 설치, 제거, 또는 개조가능하도록 계획된 선반 및 캐비넷.
modular and movable semipermanently attached using mechanical fastening systems for 상업시설의 경우, 이동은 가능하나, 실제 운영을 위해
casework operational use are considered furniture and not base building 기계적으로 결합하는 시스템을 적용하여 반영구적으로 고정된
elements (e.g., a table or display bolted to the floor, or shelving 항목은 기본 건물 요소가 아닌 가구로 간주된다. (예: 바닥에
attached to a wall). 고정된 테이블 또는 진열대, 또는 벽에 고정된 선반)
the distance between ground level (or the workplane) and the 지면 (또는 작업면)으로부터 조명기구 (조명기기)의
mounting height bottom of the luminaire (light fixture); the height at which a 하부까지의 거리; 조명기구가 설치된 높이 (Light a Home
luminaire is installed. (Adapted from Light a Home) 으로부터 인용)
movable furniture and items that can be moved by the users without the need of tools or 특수 업체나 시설 관리자의 도움이나 도구의 사용없이
partitions assistance from special trades and facilities management 사용자에 의해 옮겨질 수 있는 아이템
a site that was master-planned for the development of stores, 상점, 레스토랑, 그리고 기타 비지니스의 개발을 위해
multitenant complex restaurants and other businesses. Retailers may share some 단지계획된 부지. 판매자들은 몇가지 서비스와 공용 영역을
services and common areas. 공유한다.

a unique five- or six-digit number used to identify specific lamps, 특정 램프를 식별하는 데 쓰이는 고유 다섯자리 또는 여섯
NAED code used by the National Association of Electrical Distributors 자리 숫자. National Association of Electrical Distributors에 의해
사용된다.

ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions. 직접 또는 간접적인 인위적 행위가 없이 특정 지역, 생태계 및
Native species have evolved to the geography, hydrology, and 서식지에서 발생하는 해당 지역의 종. 토착종은 해당 지역의
climate of that region. They also occur in communities; that is, they 지리, 수리수문, 기후에 의해서 진화한다. 또한 다른 종과 함께
native vegetation have evolved together with other species. As a result, these 진화하기 때문에, 이러한 공동체로부터 발생한다. 결과적으로
communities provide habitat for a variety of other native wildlife 이러한 공동체가 기타 야생종의 다양성을 위한 서식지를
species. Species native to North America are generally recognized 제공한다. 북미의 토착종은 일반적으로 유럽인의 정착 이전에
as those occurring on the continent prior to European settlement. 발생한 것으로 간주되며, 토착식물 (Native Plants)이라고도
Also known as native plants. 한다.
a compound that is not manmade and is used for cooling. Such 인공이 아니며 냉방을 위해 사용되는 혼합물. 이러한 물질들은
natural refrigerant substances generally have much lower potential for atmospheric 일반적으로 공장 생산의 화학 냉매에 비하여 대기에 대한
damage than manufactured chemical refrigerants. Examples 손상의 가능성이 훨씬 낮다. 예를 들어 물, 이산화탄소, 그리고
include water, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. 암모니아를 포함한다.
Natural Resources
a U.S.-based soil survey that shows the boundaries of different soil 미국 기반의 토양 조사로 부지의 서로 다른 토양의 유형과
soils delineation
and special soil features on the site 특이사항을 가진 토양에 대한 경계를 구분한다.

the natural land cover function of water occurrence, distribution, 수원발생, 분배, 이동 및 균형의 기능을 가진 자연적인
movement, and balance 지표상태
the sum of all interior areas in the project available to house the 프로젝트의 기능을 수용할 수 있는 프로젝트 내부의 모든
net usable program area project’s program. It does not include areas for building 실내면적의 합계. 건물의 설비, 수직동선 또는 구조체 면적은
equipment, vertical circulation, or structural components. 해당되지 않는다.

a public space, diagnostic or treatment area, ambulatory unit, or 공공 공간, 진단 또는 치료 구역, 외래진료 병동, 또는
non-inpatient area any other space in a health care facility that is not for individuals 의료시설내 기타 공간들로써, 치료에 전념해야 하는 사람들을
who have been admitted for care 위한 공간이 아닌 곳
nonpotable water water that does not meet drinking water standards 음용수 기준을 충족시키지 못하는 물
an area that people pass through or an area used for focused 사람들이 경유하는 공간이나 집중된 활동을 필요로 하는
activities an average of less than one hour per person per day. The 공간으로 평균 1일 기준으로 1인당 한시간보다 적은 시간만
non-regularly occupied one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be based on the time 사용되는 공간. 한시간이라는 기간은 연속적이며, 그 공간을
space a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces that are not used 사용하는 일반적인 재실자의 시간을 기준으로 한다. 매일
daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based on the time a 쓰이는 공간이 아닌 경우, 한시간이라는 기간은 공간이 사용될
typical occupant spends in the space when it is in use. 때, 일반적인 재실자가 그 공간내에서 소비하는 시간을
기준으로 한다.
nonwater toilet systems dry plumbing fixtures and fittings that contain and treat human 미생물학적 과정을 통해 사람의 폐기물을 보관하고 처리하는
waste via microbiological processes 건식 배관 설비
a plumbing fixture having a water flush with a trap that contains a 트랩이 장착된 water flush를 갖는 배관 설비로써, 소변위에
nonwater urinal layer of buoyant liquid that floats above the urine, blocking sewer 뜨는 부력의 액체층을 갖으며 이는 하수 가스 및 냄새를
gas and odors 차단하는 역할을 한다.
a system or switch that a person in the space can directly access 공간내의 사람이 직접 접근과 사용이 가능한 장치나 스위치. 그
occupant control
and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. 예로 개인작업 조명, 오픈 스위치, 및 블라인드가 있다. 온도계
A temperature sensor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system 센서, 광센서, 또는 중앙조절 시스템은 거주자가 조절 하는
is not occupant controlled. 것이 아니다.

spaces that are intended primarily for other purposes, such as 사람의 활동을 위해 구획된 공간으로 창고나 장비실 같은 기타
occupiable space
storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are occupied only 목적을 갖거나, 특정한 때에만 쓰이거나, 짧은 시간동안
occasionally and for short periods of time (ASHRAE 62.1–2010) 이용되는 공간은 제외된다. (ASHRAE 62.1–2010)


storage rooms and equipment rooms, and that are only occupied 사람의 활동을 위해 구획된 공간으로, 창고나 장비실 같이 특정
occasionally and for short periods of time. Occupied spaces are 목적을 갖거나, 특정한 때에만 쓰이고, 짧은 시간동안 이용되는
occupied space further classified as regularly occupied or nonregularly occupied 공간은 제외된다. 점유 공간은 점유시간에 따라, 정기적인
spaces based on the duration of the occupancy, individual or 점유공간과 비정기적인 점유공간, 이용자의 수에 따라 개인
multioccupant based on the quantity of occupants, and densely or 공간 또는 다점유공유 공간, 공간내의 이용자의 밀도에 따라,
nondensely occupied spaces based on the concentration of 밀집 공간과 비밀집 공간으로 세분화 할 수 있다
a product that has a low cost per unit and is regularly used and unit당 싼 가격을 갖고 있지만, 운영기간동안 지속적으로
ongoing consumable replaced in the course of business. Examples include paper, toner 사용되고 교체되는 제품. 종이, 토너 카트리지, 바인더, 건전지,
cartridges, binders, batteries, and desk accessories. Also known as 및 각종 사무용품들이 그 예이다. 또한 지속적인 소비품로도
ongoing purchases. 알려졌다.
on-site wastewater the transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of wastewater 프로젝트 사이트내에서 발생하는 폐수의 이송, 저장, 처리 및
treatment generated on the project site 처분
pavements that consist of loose substrates supported by a grid of a 구조적인 그리드 및 띠를 가진 토대에 의해 지지되며
more structurally sound grid or webbing. Pervious concrete and 규칙적으로 비포장영역이 배치된 포장. 투수성 콘크리트나
open-grid pavement system porous asphalt are not considered open grid as they are considered 투수성 아스팔트는 비포장영역은 이에 해당하지 않는다.
bounded materials. Unbounded, loose substrates do not transfer 비포장영역은 포장영역과 달리 열을 전달하거나 저장하지
and store heat like bound and compacted materials do. 않는다
a plan that specifies major system operating parameters and limits, 승인된 배출가스 제어 장치 또는 설비의 적정한 운영 및
operations and maintenance procedures and schedules, and documentation 유지를 증명하기 위해 필요한 주요 설비의 운영 변수 및
maintenance (O&M) plan methods necessary to demonstrate proper operation and 제한요건들, 유지관리 절차 및 일정, 그리고 문서작성 방법들을
maintenance of an approved emissions control device or system 지정하는 계획

network that also serves an ornamental function, in addition to 순환동선의 조명부문을 위한 조명기구이자, 장식용 기능 또한
ornamental luminaire providing optics that effectively deliver street lighting, and has a 가지고 있다. 가로에 빛을 효과적으로 제공함에 더불어 장식적,
decorative or historical period appearance 또는 역사적 외피를 위해 사용된다


outpatient visits a hospital, clinic, or associated healthcare facility for diagnosis 24시간 또는 그 이상 병원에 입원하지 않지만, 진단 및 치료를
or treatment 위해 병원, 클리닉 및 다른 관련 의료시설을 방문하는 환자.

owner’s project
determined by the owner to be important to the success of the 건축주에 의해 결정된 사업의 성공에 중요한 생각, 개념 및
requirements (OPR) project 기준들을 상세하게 다룬 기록 문서
patient position a patient bed, infusion chair, recovery room bay, or other location 환자 침대, 주사용 의자, 회복실, 또는 환자가 병상 간호를 받는
where a patient receives clinical care 곳

peak demand period of time 특정 시간이나 시간대의 최대 전력 부하

and rainfall. This is the month when the plants in the site’s region 증발산량과 강수량 사이의 가장 큰 적자를 갖는 달. 사이트의
peak watering month potentially require the most supplemental water typically a mid- 지역내 식물은 일반적으로 한여름달에 가장 많은 보충용 물을
summer month. (Sustainable Sites Initiative) 필요로 한다.
a structure that cannot be moved by the user without tools or 특수 업체나 시설 관리자의 도움이나 도구의 사용없이
permanent interior assistance from special trades and facilities management. Examples 사용자에 의해 옮겨질 수 없는 구조물. 그 예로 실험실 후드,
obstruction include lab hoods, fixed partitions, demountable opaque full- or 고정식 경량벽체, 착탈시 불투명한 천장 또는 부분 높이의
partial-height partitions, some displays, and equipment. 경량벽체, 디스플레이 공간, 및 장비 등이 있다.
permanent peak load the transfer of energy consumption to off-peak hours, when 에너지 소비를 전력 요구가 낮으며 그러므로 덜 비싼 때인
shifting demand for power is lower and energy is therefore less expensive 경부하 시간으로 전환하는 것

permeable pavement ground 빗물이 땅 속으로 침투할 수 있는 포장 표면


environment because it remains in the environment for long 환경에 장기간 잔류하고, 먹이사슬을 따라 이동함으로써
증식하며, 오염의 근원지로부터 멀리 이동이 가능하기 때문에
persistent bioaccumulative periods, increases in concentration as it moves up the food chain, 인체와 환경이 장기간에 걸쳐 위험에 노출되게 하는 물질.
toxic chemical substances can become more potent and harmful to ecosystems 이러한 물질들은 오래 잔류할 수록 생태계에 더 많은 위험을
the longer they persist. See U.S. EPA’s website on persistent 준다. PBT 물질에 대해서는 미국환경보호국 웹사이트
bioaccumulative toxic chemicals, www.epa.gov/pbt/. www.epa.gov/pbt/ 를 참고한다.
an area that connects healthcare patients, visitors, and staff to 환자, 방문객, 근무자가 자연환경으로부터 건강을 위한 혜택을
place of respite health benefits of the natural environment. (Adapted from Green 누릴 수 있는 영역 (Green Guide for Health Care의 Places of
Guide for Health Care Places of Respite Technical Brief) Respite 기술서로부터 도입).
the electrical current drawn by all equipment that is connected to 콘센트를 통한 전기 시스템에 연결되는 모든 장비에 공급되는
전류
waste generated by households or commercial, industrial and 주거 또는 상업, 산업, 공공시설에서 최종 사용된 제품이
institutional facilities in their role as end users of a product that can 초기의 의도된 목적대로 더 이상 기능을 할 수 없게 되어
content
no longer be used for its intended purpose 폐기물로 배출된 것.

drinking water quality standards (or a local equivalent outside the 미국 환경보호국의 음용수질표준(또는 미국 외 지역의 경우
potable water U.S.) and is approved for human consumption by the state or local 지역의 동등 기준)에 부합하고, 주 또는 지역의 허가권자로부터
authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or 사람이 먹기에 적합하다는 승인을 득한 물. 이는 지하수 및
municipal water systems 공공 용수 설비로부터 공급된다.


unit (PDU) output does not include efficiency losses of any 정보 기술 (IT) 장비에 전력을 분배하고 지원하는 장치로부터의
transformation that occurs within the PDU, but it can include 전력. 전력 분배기(PDU) 출력은 PDU 내에서 발생하는 어떠한
downstream non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as 전송 손실 효율성도 포함하지 않지만, 휀과 같은 IT 랙에
power distribution unit fans. If the PDU system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer 설치된 부속 비 IT 보조 장치를 포함할 수 있다. 만일 PDU
output room air-conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row 설비가 비 IT 장치(예, 컴퓨터실 공조기, 컴퓨터실 공기조화기,
coolers), this equipment must be metered and subtracted from the 열식 냉각기)를 지원한다면, 이 장치는 계량되어 PDU 출력
PDU output reading. The metering approach should be consistent 값으로부터 배제되어야 한다. 계량 접근법은 전력효율지수
with the metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) (PUE) 범주별 (예, PUE 범주 1, 2, 및 3의 연속 소비 계량)로
category (e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE 요구되는 계량에 일관되게 적용되어야 한다.
power utilization a measure of how efficiently a data center uses its power; 데이터 센터가 전력을 얼마나 효율적으로 사용하는지를
effectiveness (PUE)
specifically, how much power is used by computing equipment 판단하는 지표. 특히 전력이 냉방 및 기타 설비보다도 컴퓨터
rather than for cooling and other overhead 장비에 얼마나 사용되었는지를 판단한다.
powered floor maintenance electric and battery-powered floor buffers and burnishers. It does 전기 및 배터리를 통해 구동되는 바닥 완충기 및 연마기.
equipment not include equipment used in wet applications 습식으로 사용되는 장비는 포함되지 않는다.
matter diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing 가공 공정 중에 발생한 폐기물로부터 분류되는 것으로 자재의
process, determined as the percentage of material, by weight. 중량에 대한 백분율로 산정한다. 예시로는 대팻밥 (planer
Examples include planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, shavings), 톱밥 (sawdust), 당분추출찌꺼기 (bagasse), 호두껍질
preconsumer recycled culls, trimmed materials, overissue publications, and obsolete (walnut Shells), 도태 (culls), 절단 후 잔여물 (trimmed materials),
content inventories. The designation excludes rework, regrind, or scrap 초과 출판물 (overissue publications), 오래된 재고 (obsolete
materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that inventories)가 포함된다. 해당 성분이 재가공, 재연마, 파쇄되어
generated them (ISO 14021). Formerly known as postindustrial 동일한 가공 공정에 다시 사용되는 경우는 제외된다. (ISO
content. 14021). 산업 후 재활용 성분이라고도 불린다.


(exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons). For 건물의 주출입구에 가장 근접한 주차장 (장애인 전용 주차
preferred parking
employee parking, it refers to the spots that are closest to the 제외). 직원 주차의 경우, 직원 전용 출입구에 가장 근접한
entrance used by employees. 주차장.

service life exceeds their design life. For example, a material with a 계획된 서비스 수명을 초과한 재료의 폐기. 예를 들어,
potential life of 30 years is intentionally designed to last only 15 잠재적인 수명이 30년인 재료의 서비스 수명이 15년 간 지속될
premature obsolescence years, such that its remaining 15 years of service is potentially 것으로 디자인된 경우, 남은 15년 간의 서비스는 낭비되는 것과
wasted. In contrast, components whose service life is the same as 같다. 대조적으로, 서비스 수명이 예상 수명과 동일한 재료의
their expected use are utilized to their maximum potential. 경우 그 잠재성이 최대한 활용되는 것이다.

typically have required regulatory permitting to have been initiated 법적 허가 조치가 요구되는 포장, 시공, 그리고/또는 토지
(alterations may exist now or in the past). Land that is not 이용에 의해 개발되었던 것 (현재 진행되고 있거나 과거에
previously developed and landscapes altered by current or 진행되었던 개발). 기존에 개발되지 않았던 대지와 현재 혹은
previously developed historical clearing or filling, agricultural or forestry use, or 과거에 제거되거나 설치되었던 조경요소, 농경 또는 숲으로
preserved natural area use are considered undeveloped land. The 사용되는 지역이나 자연지역는 미개발지역으로 간주된다.
date of previous development permit issuance constitutes the date 기개발허가발급시점은 기개발 시점으로 간주되며, 허가발급
of previous development, but permit issuance in itself does not 자체는 기개발행위로 간주되지 않는다.
a site that, prior to the project, consisted of at least 75% previously 프로젝트 착수 이전에 75% 이상 기개발 되었던 토지로
previously developed site developed land 구성되어 있는 부지.

land that has the best combination of physical and chemical 식량, 먹이, 사료, 섬유질, 지방종자 등을 생산하기 위해 물리적,
characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed 화학적 특성이 최상으로 조합되어 해당 용도로 활용가능한
crops and that is available for these uses, as determined by the U.S. 대지. 미국 농진청 (U.S. Department of Agriculture)의
prime farmland Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation 미국자연자원보호청 (Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Service (a U.S.-based methodology that sets criteria for highly (양질의 토양에 대한 평가기준을 수립하고 있는 미국 기반의
productive soil). For a complete description of what qualifies as 방법론)에 의해서 지정된다. 일급 농지에 대한 전문은 U.S.
prime farmland, see U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699,
Volume 6, Parts 400 to 699, Section 657.5. Section 657 참조.
a device that measures water flow and is installed downstream 물의 유량을 측정하고 공공 급수 계량기의 일부로써, 또는 건물
private meter from the public water supply meter or as part of an on-site water 관리팀이 유지하고 있는 부지 내 수도 설비의 일부로써 설치된
system maintained by the building management team 장치

industrial, or commercial process other than conditioning spaces 공간의 공조와 건물 거주자의 쾌적 및 편의보다는 생산, 산업
process energy
and maintaining comfort and amenities for building occupants of a 또는 상업 공정의 지원을 위해 소비되는 전력원. 이는 냉장고,
building. It may include refrigeration equipment, cooking and food 요리 및 식품준비, 세탁 및 기타 주요 지원 가전제품을 포함할
preparation, clothes washing, and other major support appliances. 수 있다. (ASHRAE)
(ASHRAE)
load of process energy (ASHRAE) 공정 에너지 소비 또는 방출로 인한 건물 부하 (ASHRAE)

such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to 냉각탑, 보일러, 및 냉동기와 같은 산업 공정과 건물 설비를
process water
water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes 위해 사용되는 물. 식기세척, 세탁, 및 제빙과 같은 운영 공정에
washing, and ice making. 사용되는 물을 의미할 수도 있다.

an item that arrives on the project site either as a finished element 설치될 준비를 마친 채로 프로젝트 부지에 운송된 제품 또는
ready for installation or as a component to another item assembled 부지에서 다른 항목과 조립될 요소로서 운송된 제품. 제품의
on-site. The product unit is defined by the functional requirement 단위는 프로젝트에서 사용될 기능적 요구조건에 따라
for use in the project; this includes the physical components and 정의된다. 이는 영구적으로 설치되는 건물의 제품이 초기에
services needed to serve the intended function of the permanently 의도한대로 기능을 제공하기 위한 물리적인 요소와 서비스를
installed building product. In addition, similar products within a 포함한다. 시방서 상의 유사 제품은 각각 별도의 제품으로서
specification can each contribute as separate products. 간주된다.
a system for the provision to the public of water for human 배관 또는 기타 구축된 이송기관을 통해 사람이 먹을 수 있는
consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. To 용도의 공공 수도를 공급하는 설비. 공공 급수로 간주되기
public water supply (PWS) be considered public, such system must have at least 15 service 위해서는, 최소 15개소의 서비스를 연결하거나, 최소 25명에게
connections or regularly serve at least 25 individuals. (Adapted 안정적으로 공급할 수 있어야 한다. (미국 환경보호국으로부터
from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) 인용)
the capture, diversion, and storage of rain for future beneficial 앞으로의 사용을 위해 우수를 집수, 분류, 그리고 저장하는 것.
rainwater harvesting
use. Typically, a rain barrel or cistern stores the water; other 일반적으로 우수통 또는 우수조가 물을 저장하며, 기타 요소로
components include the catchment surface and conveyance 집수면과 이송 설비가 있다. 차집된 우수는 조경용수로 사용될
system. The harvested rainwater can be used for irrigation. 수 있다.

concrete, glass, gypsum, masonry, metals, recycled materials (e.g., 콘크리트, 유리, 석고, 조적, 금속, 재활용자재 (예: 플라스틱 및
raw material
plastics and metals), oil (petroleum, polylactic acid), stone, 금속), 유류 (석유, 폴리유산), 석재, agrifiber, 대나무 및 목재로
agrifiber, bamboo, and wood 만들어진 제품의 기본 성분.
reclaimed water wastewater that has been treated and purified for reuse 재사용하기 위해 처리 및 정화된 폐수

recycled content
Standards document ISO 14021 – Environmental labels and 국제표준기구의 ISO 14021, 환경성 표시 및 선언 - 환경성
declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II 자기선언 (제2유형 환경성 표시)에 따라 정의됨.


the amount of water lost from a specific vegetated surface with no
reference moisture limitation. Turf grass with height of 120 mm is the 수분 제한이 없는 특정 식재의 표면으로부터의 물 손실량.
evapotranspiration rate reference vegetation. 120mm 길이의 잔디가 참조 식재로 적용된다.
a soil native to the project site, as described in Natural Resources 참조 토양은 미국자연자원보호청 (NRCS)의 토양조사 (또는
Conservation Service soil surveys (or a local equivalent survey 미국 이외 지역 프로젝트의 경우 해당지역 동등기준)에 의한
outside the United States), or undisturbed native soils within the 부지의 토착토양이거나, 토착식생, 지형, 프로젝트 부지와
reference soil
project’s region that have native vegetation, topography, and soil 유사한 토성을 가진 프로젝트 해당지역 내의 손상되지 않는
textures similar to the project site. For project sites with no existing 토착토양을 의미한다. 기존의 토양이 존재하지 않는 프로젝트
soil, reference soils are defined as undisturbed native soils within 부지의 경우, 참조 토양은 새로운 프로젝트를 위해 계획된
the project’s region that support appropriate native plant species 식재들과 유사한 토착 식재종에 적합한 프로젝트 해당지역
similar to those intended for the new project. 내의 손상되지 않는 토착토양으로 정의된다.
without substantial alteration of its form. Refurbishing involves 수명이 다한 제품이 부가적인 형태의 변화 없이 재사용되는
refurbished material renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the 것을 말한다. 개조는 보수, 수선, 복원, 또는 외형, 성능, 품질,
appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a 기능 제품의 가치에 대한 일반적인 개선을 포함한다.
product.
an area where one or more individuals normally spend time (more 한 사람 또는 그 이상의 개인이 일반적으로 시간을 소비하는
than one hour per person per day on average) seated or standing 공간 (평균 하루에 한사람이 한시간 이상 소요) 으로 건물
as they work, study, or perform other focused activities inside a 내에서 일하고, 공부하거나 기타 집중적인 활동을 하며 앉거나
regularly occupied space
building. The one-hour timeframe is continuous and should be 서있는 공간. 한시간이라는 기간은 연속적이며, 그 공간을
based on the time a typical occupant uses the space. For spaces 사용하는 일반적인 재실자의 시간을 기준으로 한다.
that are not used daily, the one-hour timeframe should be based 매일 쓰이는 공간이 아닌 경우, 한시간이라는 기간은 공간이
on the time a typical occupant spends in the space when it is in 사용될 때, 일반적인 재실자가 그 공간내에서 소비하는 시간을
use. 기준으로 한다.


include the main building entrance as well as any building 건물에 진입하는 데에 빈번하게 사용되는 수당. 예시는 건물의
regularly used exterior entryways attached to parking structures, underground parking 주출입구 및 주차장, 지하주차장, 지하보도, 또는 외부공간으로
entrance garages, underground pathways, or outside spaces. Atypical 연결되는 건물의 모든 출구를 말한다. 특수 출입구, 비상 출구,
entrances, emergency exits, atriums, connections between 아트리움, 홀 및 실내공간 사이의 연결구는 포함되지 않는다.
regulated load any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2010에서 필수 또는 규범적
requirement in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1–2010 요구사항으로 다뤄지는 건물 최종 부하

remanufactured product service. A remanufactured product can be expected to perform as 수리 및 조정을 통해 원래의 서비스를 제공할 수 있게 된 제품.
if it were new. 재생 제품은 새 제품과 같은 성능을 제공하게 된다.
energy sources that are not depleted by use. Examples include 사용에 따라 고갈되지 않는 에너지원. 예시로는 태양에너지,
renewable energy energy from the sun, wind, and small (low-impact) hydropower, 풍력, 소형 (저영향) 수력발전 및 지열에너지, 조력발전
plus geothermal energy and wave and tidal systems. 시스템이 있다.
a tradable commodity representing proof that a unit of electricity 재생가능한 자원으로부터 발생하여 전력 단위로 환산된
renewable energy credit was generated from a renewable resource. RECs are sold 매매가 가능한 자원. RECs는 전력과는 별개로 판매되기 때문에
(REC) separately from electricity itself and thus allow the purchase of , 기존의 방식대로 생산되는 전력의 사용자도 그린 파워를
green power by a user of conventionally generated electricity. 구매할 수 있다.

their original application, thus extending the lifetime of materials 기존에 적용되었던 용도와 유사하거나 관련된 성능을 가진
reuse that would otherwise be discarded. Reuse includes the recovery 자재를 재적용함으로서 버려질 자재의 수명을 연장하는 것.
and reemployment of materials recovered from existing building or 재사용은 기존의 건물 또는 시공부지로부터 회수된 자재의
construction sites. Also known as salvage. 복원 및 재적용을 포함한다. 회수 (Salvage)라고도 한다.

reused area
the total area of the building structure, core, and envelope that 건물의 구조, 코어 및 외피면적 중 기존의 상태대로 남겨져
existed in the prior condition and remains in the completed design 계획안에 존치되는 면적
a measurement tool designed to meet strict accuracy standards 법규나 법에서 요구하는 엄격하고 정확한 표준을 준수하도록
revenue-grade meter required by code or law. Utility meters are often called revenue 설계된 측정 도구. 유틸리티 계량기는 측정 내역이 소비자가
grade because their measurement directly results in a charge to the 부담하는 결과치를 직접 보여주기 때문에 종종 수익 등급
customer. 계량기라고도 한다.
a transit service in which individuals travel together in a passenger 4인승 이상의 개인 차량 및 승합차를 여러 사람들과 같이
car or small van that seats at least four people. It can include 탑승하여 이동하는 교통 서비스. 인력으로 운행되는
rideshare
human-powered conveyances, which must accommodate at least 교통수단도 2명 이상이 함께 탑승할 시 이에 포함된다.
two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, 안전하게 보호된 탑승좌석영역을 보유하고, 정해진 경로로
fixed route service, fixed fare structure, regular operation, and the 운행하며, 정규 요금제도와 정기적인 운영, 그리고 다수의
ability to pick up multiple riders. 탑승자를 태울 수 있는 성능을 갖추어야 한다.

construction sites and reused. Common salvaged materials include 기존의 건물 또는 공사 현장으로부터 복구되고 재사용되는
salvaged material
structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and 시공 부재. 일반적으로 구조보, 기둥, 바당, 문, 수납장, 조적 및
decorative items. 장식재를 포함한다.

operations, districts, personnel, financing, and future development. 학교 시설의 운영, 지구, 인원, 재정, 향후 개발에 관한 결정을
Examples include school boards, local governments, and religious 내리는 책임기관. 예시로는 학교 교육위원회, 지방 정부,
school authority
institutions. 종교기관 등이 포함된다.
direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled 국가가 소유하거나 관리하는 자원으로부터 방출되는 직접적인
Scope 1 emissions by the entity, such as emissions from fossil fuels burned on site 온실가스 배출량. 화석연료 연소에 의한 배출이 이에 포함된다.

indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation 국가가 소비하는 에너지의 공급자를 통해 구매되는 전력,
Scope 2 emissions of purchased electricity, heating/cooling, or steam off site, through 냉난방, 또는 열원 의 발생과 관련된 간접적인 온실가스 배출량
a utility provider for the entity’s consumption .

sDA300/50% meet or exceed this 300 lux value for at least 50% of the analysis 분석 기간의 최소 50%에 대하여 300 lux 값을 충족하거나
period 초과하는 분석 영역 내 분석 지점의 비율
the information technology (IT) load as measured at the point of 정보기술 (IT) 장치가 전력 설비에 연결되는 접점 (예, 전력
connection (e.g., power receptacle) of the IT device to the electrical 콘센트)에서 측정한 IT 부하. 서버 입력은 모든 전력 분배 손실
server input power system. Server input captures the actual power load of the 및 비 IT 부하들(예, 랙마운트 휀)을 제외한 IT 장비의 실제 전력
IT device exclusive of any power distribution losses and non-IT 부하를 포함한다.
service life the assumed length of time that a building, product, or assembly 건물, 제품, 또는 조립물이 생애주기 영향평가의 목적대로
will be operational for the purposes of a life-cycle assessment 유지되는 예상 수명.

shared multioccupant space collaborative tasks 융합, 또는 재실자들이 공유 또는 협업 과제를 수행하는 공간.
an area designed to be fitted out for future expansion. Shell space 향후 확장을 위해 계획된 영역. 쉘 스페이스는 건물의 외피로
shell space is enclosed by the building envelope but otherwise left unfinished. 둘러싸여 있으나 마감이 되지 않은 채로 남겨진다.
short-term bicycle storage non-enclosed bicycle parking typically used by visitors for a period 2시간 이내의 기간 동안 방문객에 의해서 사용되는 보호덮개가
of two hours or less. 없는 자전거 보관소.
(also known as “building-massing model energy analysis”) a simple ("건물 매스 모델 에너지 분석"이라고도 불린다.) 프로젝트
simple box energy modeling building’s likely distribution of energy consumption and is used to 팀이 에너지 소비의 분배에 대해 예측할 수 있는 단순한 기준
analysis 건물의 에너지 분석이며, 잠재적인 프로젝트 에너지 전략을
evaluate potential project energy strategies. A simple box analysis 평가하기 위해 사용된다. 심플 박스 분석은 기본적인 건물
uses a basic, schematic building form. 형태를 적용한다.


characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site 구조물, 지형 및 수리수문을 포함하여 해당지역의 지상 및
assessments typically help determine whether contamination has 지표에 대한 특성 평가. 부지 평가는 일반적으로 오염
site assessment occurred and the extent and concentration of any release of 발생여부와, 오염물에 의해 노출된 범위 및 정도에 대해
pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated 결정하는 데에 활용한다. 개선 조치 여부는 부지 평가단계에서
during site assessments. 도출된 정보에 의해 결정된다.

associated (or potentially associated) buildings and sites. The plan 프로젝트, 프로젝트에 관련된 (또는 잠재적으로 관련된) 건물
considers future sustainable use, expansion, and contraction. The 및 부지의 전반적인 계획개념. 계획은 향후 지속가능한 활용,
site master plan
site master plan is typically illustrated, with building plans (if 확장 및 축소를 고려한다. 부지 종합 계획은 일반적으로 건물의
applicable), site drawings of planned phased development, and 평면 (가능할 경우), 단계별 개발 배치도 및 관련 설명을 통해
narrative descriptions. 작성된다.

hospital administrative offices could be moved so that this soft 기능이 쉽게 바뀔 수 있는 영역. 예를 들어 병원의 사무실로
soft space space could be converted to a laboratory. In contrast, a lab with 활용되던 영역이 이동함으로써 이 소프트 스페이스는
specialized equipment and infrastructure would be difficult to 연구시설로 전환될 수 있다. 반대로, 특수시설 및 기반시설이
relocate. 설치된 연구소는 이전되기 어렵다.

softscape elements 살아있는 식재요소로 구성된 조경 요소.
shared solar array or other renewable energy system with grid- 공유 태양광 시설, 또는 전력 요금인하 제도 (net metering)를
solar garden/ community connected subscribers who receive credit for the use of renewables 적용한 재생에너지의 사용에 대해 인증을 받은 계통 연계형
using virtual net metering (Adapted from solargardens.org) (grid-connected)의 기타 재생에너지 시스템 (solargardens.org
에서 인용)

the fraction of solar energy that is reflected by a surface on a scale 표면에 의해 반사되는 태양에너지로 0에서 1의 범위를 갖는다.
of 0 to 1. Black paint has a solar reflectance of 0; white paint 검정색 페인트의 반사율은 0; 흰색 페인트 (이산화 티탄)의
(titanium dioxide) has a solar reflectance of 1. The standard 반사율은 1이다. 일반적으로 적분구 (integrating sphere)를
solar reflectance (SR) technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric 이용하여 각 파장 대비 반사율을 결정하는 분광광도측정법
measurements, with an integrating sphere to determine the (spectrophotometric measurements)을 활용하여 판단한다. 평균
reflectance at each wavelength. The average reflectance is then 반사율은 ASTM 기준 E903와 E892에 언급된 표준 태양
determined by an averaging process, using a standard solar 스펙트럼 (standard solar spectrum)을 적용하여 평균처리법에
spectrum, as documented by ASTM Standards E903 and E892. 의해 정한다.

sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiation. It is 태양복사를 반사하고, 열복사를 방출하여 열을 흡수하지 않는
defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance 표면의 성능에 대한 수치. 표준 흑체 표면 (초기 반사율 0.05,
0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a 초기 열방사 0.90)에 대한 초기 반사도 지수는 0으로 규정되며,
standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal 표준 백체 표면(초기 반사율 0.80, 초기 열방사 0.90)에 대한
solar reflectance index (SRI) emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100. To calculate the SRI for a 초기 반사도 지수는 100으로 규정된다. 재료의 SRI 수치를
given material, obtain its solar reflectance and thermal emittance 산정하기 위해서는 Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1)
via the Cool Roof Rating Council Standard (CRRC-1). SRI is 로부터 해당 재료의 반사율 (solar reflectance)과 방사율
calculated according to ASTM E 1980. Calculation of the aged SRI is (thermal emittance)의 수치를 수집하여야 한다. SRI 수치는
based on the aged tested values of solar reflectance and thermal ASTM E 1980에 따라 산정된다. 설치 후 SRI에 대해서는 설치
emittance. 후 측정된 반사율과 방사율의 수치를 기반으로 산정한다.

sound-level coverage directionality of audible frequencies for all occupants within a 공간 내 모든 재실자에게 일관된 명료도와 가청 주파수의
space 방향성을 보장하는 균질도 관련 기준

a decrease in the amount of unnecessary material brought into a 폐기물 발생을 줄이기 위해, 건물에 투입되는 불필요한 재료의
source reduction building in order to produce less waste. For example, purchasing 양을 최소화하는 것. 예를 들어, 포장이 최소화된 제품을
products with less packaging is a source reduction strategy. 구매하는 것도 자원 절감 전력이 될 수 있다.

interior environments. It is defined as the percentage of an analysis 실내 환경 내에 연간 충분한 전반 조도가 제공되는지를
area (the area where calculations are performed, typically across 판단하는 척도. 연간 운영시간 대비 특정 비율의 시간동안 최소
an entire space) that meets a minimum daylight illuminance level 주광 조도를 만족하는 분석 영역(산정이 수행되는 영역으로,
spatial daylight autonomy for a specified fraction of the operating hours per year (i.e., the 일반적으로 전체 공간을 포함한다.)의 비율로 판단한다. (즉,
(sDA)
Daylight Autonomy value following Reinhart & Walkenhorst, Reinhart & Walkenhorst, 2001에 따른 주광 자율성 (Daylight
2001). The illluminance level and time fraction are included as Autonomy) 수치) 조도 레벨과 시간 비율은 sDA300,50%와 같이
subscripts, as in sDA300,50%. The sDA value is expressed as a 기입된다. sDA 값은 면적의 비율로 표현된다.
percentage of area.
speech privacy
a condition in which speech is unintelligible to casual listeners 일반적인 청취자에게 명료하게 들리지 않는 상태 (ANSI
(ANSI T1.523–2001) T1.523–2001)
speech spectra human speech 인간의 음성에 대한 주파수 기능으로써의 음향 에너지의 분포
a transit service with small, individual rail cars. Spacing between 기차의 소규모 단일 차량과 같은 교통수단. 역간 간격은 매
streetcar stations is uniformly short and ranges from every block to ¼ mile, 블록별, 혹은 1/4마일마다 등간격으로 비교적 짧게 설치되며,
and operating speeds are primarily 10–30 mph (15–50 kmh). 운영 속도는 기본적으로 10-30mph (15-50kmh)이다. 전차의
Streetcar routes typically extend 2–5 miles (3-8 kilometers). 경로는 일반적으로 2-5mile (3-8km)까지 연계된다.

structure roofs, and floors) that are considered structurally sound and 수직 또는 수평하중을 지지하는 요소 (예: 벽, 지붕, 바닥)로
nonhazardous 구조적으로 양호하고 위험하지 않아야 한다.


maintain the systems and assemblies within a building. It expands 건물 내의 시스템 및 조립물에 대해 이해하고, 운영하고,
the scope of the traditional operating and maintenance 유지보수하는 데에 필요한 정보를 제공한다. 기존의 운영 및
systems manual documentation and is compiled of multiple documents developed 유지보수 관련도서에 커미셔닝 기간 동안 작성된 여러가지
during the commissioning process, such as the owner’s project 문서, 즉 건축주의 프로젝트 요구사항 (owner’s project
requirements, operation and maintenance manuals, and sequences requirements), 운영 및 유지보수 매뉴얼, 및 운영 절차를 모두
of operation. 포함한다.
an approach to hydrology in which watersheds are modeled to 이전 미국자연자원보호청 (USDA)의 토양 보존 서비스에서

calculate storm runoff volume, peak rate of discharge, 개발한 것으로, 우수 배출량, 최대 방류율, 수위도, 및
hydrographs, and storage volumes, developed by the former USDA 우수저장량을 산정하기 위해 분수량을 모델링하는 수문학
Soil Conservation Service 접근방식.
the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a specimen to that 동일한 온도에서 흑체로부터 발생하는 열전도량 대비
thermal emittance emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature (adapted 표본에서 발생하는 열전도량의 비율 (Cool Roof Rating Council
from Cool Roof Rating Council) 로부터 인용)
three-year aged SR or SRI a solar reflectance or solar reflectance index rating that is 재료가 3년간 외기에 노출된 이후에 측정된 반사율 및 반사도
value measured after three years of weather exposure 지수
an arrangement in which customers pay higher fees to use utilities 소비자가 최대 수요 기간에 사용한 전력에 대해서는 추가
time-of-use pricing during peak time periods and lower fees during off-peak time 비용을 지불하고, 그 이외의 기간에 사용한 전력에 대해서는
periods 할인된 비용을 지불하는 계약조건.

undercover parking under a building 지하, 데크하부, 지붕하부 또는 건물 하부에 위치한 주차공간


output does not include efficiency losses from the unit itself but 전력 차단동안에 정보 기술 (IT) 장치가 계속 기능하게 해주는
does include losses from downstream electrical distribution 기기가 제공하는 전력. UPS 출력은 기기 자체로부터의 효율
components, such as power distribution units, and it may include 손실을 포함하지 않으나, 전력 분배기와 같은 부속 전기 분배기
non-IT ancillary devices installed in IT racks, such as fans. If the UPS 장치로부터 발생하는 손실은 포함하며 휀과 같은 IT 랙에
uninterruptible power system supports non-IT equipment (e.g., computer room air- 설치된 부속 비 IT 보조 장치를 포함할 수 있다. 만일 UPS
supply (UPS) output conditioning units, computer room air handlers, in-row coolers), 설비가 비 IT 장치(예, 컴퓨터실 공조기, 컴퓨터실 공기조화기,
this usage must be metered and subtracted from the UPS output 열식 냉각기)를 지원한다면, 이 장치는 계량되어 PDU 출력
reading. The metering approach should be consistent with the 값으로부터 배제되어야 한다. 계량 접근법은 전력효율지수
metering required for the power usage efficiency (PUE) category (PUE) 범주별 (예, PUE 범주 1, 2, 및 3의 연속 소비 계량)로
(e.g., continuous consumption metering for PUE categories 1, 2 and 요구되는 계량에 일관되게 적용되어야 한다.
3).
hazardous items that are easily purchased and commonly used. 손쉽게 구할 수 있고 일반적으로 사용되는 위험한 제품.
universal waste Examples include batteries, pesticides, mercury-containing 예시로는 배터리, 살충제, 수은 성분 기기, 조명이 포함된다.
equipment, and light bulbs. See epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm를
epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/index.htm. 참고한다.
an area designed for equipment, machinery, or storage rather than 사람의 활동보다는 장비, 기계, 또는 창고를 위해 설계된 공간.
unoccupied space for human activities. An equipment area is considered unoccupied 장비 사용이 특정 시기에만 필요할 경우, 장비영역은
only if retrieval of equipment is occasional. 비점유공간으로 간주한다.

energy system (DES) but not part of the thermal connection or 냉난방 시스템 및 지역 에너지 시스템 (District energy system)
interface with the DES. Upstream equipment includes the thermal 과 관련된 제어 시스템을 말하나 DES의 열적 연계 또는
upstream equipment
energy conversion plant and all the transmission and distribution 접속기의 일부가 아닌 것. 상위 장비는 열에너지 변환 발전소,
equipment associated with transporting the thermal energy to the 열에너지를 프로젝트 건물로 공급하는 데에 필요한 전달 및
project building or site. 분배 장비를 포함한다.

the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s certification for products that 미국 농진청은 제품을 구성하는 최소 95%의 구성 성분 (물과
contain at least 95% ingredients (excluding water and salt) 염분 제외)이 인조의 화학물질, 항생물질, 또는 호르몬이 없이
USDA Organic
produced without synthetic chemicals, antibiotics, or hormones. 생산되었다는 것에 대해 인증을 부여한다. 나머지 성분은
Any remaining ingredients must consist of USDA-approved 미국자연자원보호청에서 승인한 비농업의 성분이거나, "
nonagricultural substances or agricultural products that are not 유기농"의 형태로 상업적으로 이용되지 않는 농산물로
commercially available in organic form. 구성되어야 한다.
vertical illuminance illuminance levels calculated at a point on a vertical surface, or that 수직면의 한 지점에 대해 산정된 조도 레벨. 공간적 제한 및
occur on a vertical plane. 비례에 영향을 미친다.
the glass portion of an exterior window that permits views to the 내외부로의 조망을 허용하는 외부 창호의 유리부문. 투명
vision glazing
exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the 유리는 외부의 명료한 시야를 확보할 수 있어야 하며, 이는
exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned 유리에 포함된 백옥유, 섬유질, 그리고 유리의 패턴, 또는 색상
glazing, or added tints that distort color balance. 균형을 저해하는 색조의 가미에 의해 방해받지 않아야 한다.

destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable 보행자가 출발지점으로부터 도착지점까지 연속되는 보도와,
walking distance
environment on a continuous network of sidewalks, all weather- 전천후 보행로, 횡단보도, 또는 동등의 보행시설 상에서 장애물
surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities. 없이 안전하고 편안한 환경에서 걸을 수 있는 거리. 도보거리는
The walking distance must be drawn from an entrance that is 모든 건물 이용자가 접근 가능한 주출입구로부터 산정된다.

waste diversion other than incineration or landfilling. Examples include reuse and 소각 또는 매립이 아닌 방식을 통해 폐기물을 처리하기 위한
recycling. 관리 기법. 예시로는 재사용 및 재활용이 포함된다.

electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including 재활용이 불가한 자재를 연소, 가스화, 열분해, 혐기성 소화,
waste-to-energy combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion, and 매립지가스 회수와 같은 다양한 처리를 통해 열, 전기, 또는
landfill gas (LFG) recovery 연료로 전환하는 것.


water body intermittent streams), arroyo, river, canal, lake, estuary, bay, or 하천 (1차 혹은 그 이상의 하천, 간헐 하천 포함) 혹은 협곡, 강,
ocean. It does not include irrigation ditches. 수로, 호수, 강어귀, 해안만, 또는 바다의 표층수

required by the building and associated grounds. The budget takes 건물 및 관련 부지에 요구되는 물 사용량을 산정하는 프로젝트
into account indoor, outdoor, process, and makeup water demands 기반의 산정 기법. 예측량은 실내 및 실외 물사용, 공정 및
water budget and any on site supply including estimated rainfall. Water budgets 보급수, 그리고 우수량 산정을 포함한 부지 내 공급을 포함한다
must be associated with a specified amount of time, such as a . 물 수지는 주별, 월별, 연간과 같은 시간에 대한 사항과, kGal,
week, month, or year and a quantity of water such as kGal, or liters. Liter와 같은 수량에 대한 사항을 포함하여야 한다.

wet meter passing water 물 배관 내에 설치되어 유량을 측정하는 장치.

at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under 지표수 및 지하수에 의해 침수되어있거나 젖어있고, 빈도 및
normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of vegetation 지속기간에 있어서나, 정상적인 상태에 있어서, 습한 토양
wetland typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands 상태에서 서식하는 식재의 번식을 도울 수 있는 영역. 습지는
generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas, but 일반적으로 늪, 소택지, 수렁과 유사한 영역을 포함하며, 인근
exclude irrigation ditches unless delineated as part of an adjacent 습지의 일부로서 기술되는 경우가 아닌 이상, 관개수로는
wetland. 제외된다.

Forest Stewardship Council. Examples include bamboo and palm FSC에 의해 인증받을 수 있는 공장 제작 자재. 예시로는
wood
(monocots) as well as hardwoods (angiosperms) and softwoods 대나무, 야자수 (외떡잎식물), 단단한 목재 (속씨식물), 무른
(gymnosperms) 목재 (겉씨식물)가 포함된다.
xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation 관개용수를 필요로 하지 않는 조경


and other types of large shipping containers from one area of a site 기본적으로 화물트레일러 또는 대형 화물컨테이너를 부지
yard tractor to another. It does not include forklift trucks. Also known as 내에서 이동시키기 위해 사용되는 차량. 지게차는 여기에
terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig, yard goat, or yard 포함되지 않는다. Terminal tractor, yard truck, utility tractor rig,
hustler. yard goat, yard hustler로 알려져 있다.
zero lot line project a plot whose building footprint typically aligns or nearly aligns with 건물의 개발영역이 부지의 경계선과 일치하거나 거의
the site limits 일치하는 프로젝트

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LEED v4 Glossary of Terms with Translations

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

property left behind intentionally and permanently when it

vegetation that is not native to a particular region but that has

a substance added to a product (e.g., paint, flooring) to kill or

a site having at least a continuous 25% of its boundary bordering

U.S. Green Building Council 1 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the

low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen,

nonpotable water from other than public utilities, on-site surface

a metric that describes the potential for visual discomfort in

a built-in, nonstructural portion of a roof system. Examples include

reports the percentage of sensors in the analysis area, using a

U.S. Green Building Council 2 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

assembly a product formulated from multiple materials (e.g., concrete) or a montagem/conjunto

the illumination output for light-emitting diode lamps, as specified

materials and products that make up the building or are

a calculated projection of building water use assuming code- baseline do consumo de

the information necessary to accomplish the owner’s project

U.S. Green Building Council 3 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

a continuous network consisting of any combination of the

commercial or industrial products (other than food or feed) that

wastewater containing urine or fecal matter that should be

the removal of makeup water from a cooling tower or evaporative

real property or the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which

U.S. Green Building Council 4 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

a luminaire classification system that classifies luminaires in terms

the portion of the site where construction can occur, including

a structure’s primary and secondary weatherproofing system,

building interior everything inside a structure’s weatherproofing membrane interior de edifícios

a unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or

a procedure that tracks a product from the point of harvest or

U.S. Green Building Council 5 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

an intensive, multiparty workshop that brings people from

a fluid, containing hydrocarbons, that absorbs heat from a

the point in time in the morning (dawn) or evening (dusk) when

a space that is regularly occupied and used for educational

U.S. Green Building Council 6 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

a system that acts as a heat sink for heat-rejecting building and

a measurement from 0 to 100 that indictes how accurately an

an integrated system that captures the heat, otherwise unused,

the process of verifying and documenting that a building and all of

U.S. Green Building Council 7 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

the individual designated to organize, lead, and review the

the measurement of the level of dissolved solids in water, using

a region’s most common system for providing water to plants by

analysis of a product’s partial life cycle, from resource extraction

an officially designated geographic area that includes both cultural

U.S. Green Building Council 8 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

a designated area in a building space or a central facility that is

a change in electricity use by demand-side resources from their

a specific period of time when the utility or independent service

a temporary interior wall that can be easily reconfigured. In a

U.S. Green Building Council 9 of 658

Term (English) Definition (English) Term (Portuguese)

a measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a