Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Done by:
Pacifique ICYINGENEYE (GS 20080096)
Supervised by:
Consolate MUKESHIMANA
DECLARATION
I, Pacifique ICYINGENEYE, hereby declare that this training report is my original work
and it has not been submitted before for any academic award either in this or other
institutions of higher learning for academic publication or any other purpose.
The references used here from other journals or materials are indicated in the references
section.
Signature: …………………….
Pacifique ICYINGENEYE
Date…………/…………/ 2011
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REPUBULIKA Y´ U RWANDA
MINISTERI Y´ MINISTRY OF
ABAKOZI BA LETA PUBLIC SERVICE
N’UMURIMO REPUBLIC OF RWANDA AND LABOUR
www.mifotra.gov.rw
P.O.Box: 403 Kigali/ Rwanda.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the present training report is a recode of original work done by
Pacifique ICYINGENEYE as an Attached Statistician for Data Analysis in MINISTRY
OF PUBLIC SERVICE AND LABOUR, PRCB UNITY from 07th September 2011 to
11th November 2011 under the supervision of Consolate MUKESHIMANA.
Samuel MULINDWA
PERMANENT SECRETARY
Date…………/…………/ 2011
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ACKNOWLEGEMEMT
I thank the Lord Almighty for the opportunity of a memorable fruitful period in MINISTRY
OF PUBLIC SERVICES AND LABOUR.
My gratitude goes to everybody who offered any assistance encouragement in one way or
another way in my practical training at MIFOTRA.
Many thanks go to the staff of MIFOTRA for their unwavering support and for giving me a
chance to be part of the MIFOTRA family. Worth mentioning is the invaluable support and
guidance that I constantly got throughout my Industrial Attachment. I express my deep
gratitude to Consolate MUKESHIMANA who, despite her many duties, have agreed to lead
my training. Her guidance, her remarks and relevant suggestions have been to carry out this
training. My thanks also go to Micheline BIRORI, Hamida MUKANTABUYE, Justin
NDUMWAMI, Tom ZIIYA, and Abdallah NZABANDORA for their advice and
encouragement. Special thanks go to the PERMANENT SECRETARY, Samuel
MULINDWA, and Acting Director of PRCB Unit, Silvère NTIRAMPEBA.
I owe the successful compilation of this report to all those peoples who were constantly
beside me, cheering me on and supporting me all the way during my training.
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DEDICATION
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ABSTRACT
Ministry of Public Service and Labour has a general mission to provide the Public Institutions
with efficient organization and human resources to fit the objectives of best public service
delivery at low cost; and to set up a fair working environment, based on international
standards of health and social security, and favorable to jobs creation and labour market
development. Its Head Office is located in Kacyiru Sector, Gasabo District, in Kigali City.
Industrial Attachment was introduced to inspire the students with practical, technical skills as
a partial fulfilments award of Bachelor Degree and to introduce the students into working life
after the period of lectures. My training was the requirement of partial fulfillment of the
award of Bachelor Degree in Applied Mathematics organized by Ministry of Education
through Kigali Institute of Science and Technology.
During my study at KIST, I have learnt theories and many things related to statistics, the
reason why my theoretical studies were conducted into practice by training on Performance
of Civil Servants and Public Institutions carried out in Performance Management Service in
PRCB Unity of MIFOTRA from 07th September 2011 to 11th November 2011.
To get more accurate results, the analysis can be done considering scores obtained by
employees and their levels. I recommend MIFOTRA to remind all institutions to forward the
reports showing scores of all employees and their levels because I found that there are some
institutions which do not complete this duty.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
A civil servant or public servant is a person in the public sector employed for a government
department or agency. Collectively a state's civil servants form its Civil Service or Public
Service.
Performance contract is a contract signed by Public Servant based on the annual action plan
of each Institution in respect to the annual budget which has been given to the Institution.
Performance appraisal is a process used to appraise Public Servant’s outputs in line with
his/her duties, based on clearly defined yardsticks, over a given period of time.
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ABBREVIATIONS
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TABLES
Table III.1: Evaluation of MIFOTRA staff for the year 2009/2010 ........................................ 18
Table III.2: General analysis made in three sectors ................................................................. 22
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CHARTS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................ i
CERTIFICATE ..........................................................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEGEMEMT ......................................................................................................... iii
DEDICATION .......................................................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT.... ........................................................................................................................... v
DEFINITION OF TERMS ....................................................................................................... vi
ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................vii
TABLES......... ....................................................................................................................... viii
CHARTS......... .......................................................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... x
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1
1.1. MIFOTRA PRESENTATION ........................................................................................ 1
1.1.6. Key priority activities of the ministry for 2009/ 2012 .............................................. 8
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2.1.1. Responsibilities of the Planning Reform and Capacity Building Unity. ................ 12
3.3. RESULTS...................................................................................................................... 17
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 33
APPENDIX..... ......................................................................................................................... 34
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Industrial Attachment was introduced to inspire the students with practical, technical skills, as
a partial fulfillment award of Bachelor Degree and to introduce the students into working life.
The training time allows the students to link the theoretical principles learned in final years in
purpose to reach the Bachelor Degree. It gives to the students the practical skills and the work
environment philosophy, to use their skills and principles learned in class to serve the
institutions and the society in general.
Due to the above reasons, KIST has organized 10 weeks of training in any institution on a
choice of students to provide every student an opportunity to apply the skills and knowledge
achieved during the course of study and to acquire new skills in managing relationship and
carrying out the jobs assigned. This is the reason why I came to MIFOTRA to be trained in
order to get practical skills.
MIFOTRA is one of many others ministries located in Kigali City, capital of Rwanda;
especially in Kacyiru sector, at the main road called Boulevard de l’UMUGANDA.
This Ministry is located at the opposite of Ministry of Infrastructures and Social Security
Bord of Rwanda in the same building with Ministry of Local Government, Ministry of
Internal Security and Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration near Ministry of
Education.
The beginnings of responsible for the management of the personnel of the State lie in 1961 at
the time of the administrative autonomy of the country. It is during this period was the staff
regulations of officials of the central administration.
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There was creation of a service responsible for the public service which was placed at the
level of a branch was connected successively in the departments
On 17th April 1968, it was raised to the rank of the Secretariat of State for Public Service by
presidential order No 27/1. Until here and in the years that followed, there was no
organization chart structured in neither the central administration services nor the definition
of their responsibilities.
Under the second Republic, on 1st August 1973, the Government established the Ministry of
the Interior and the Public Service.
In Rwanda, the restructuring of the Rwandan Public Service has two major objectives
namely:
o Improvement of the capacity for action of the officers of the public service, this
project was followed by a second agreement for a period of three years (2001-2003),
signed on 11th December 2000 between the Rwandan Government and UNDP, under
the name of the RW/00/013 PROJECT.
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The said project has also received a significant financial contribution of the
Government of the Netherlands. So far, reform has focused on results produce
everything in considering solutions at the level of impact produce these results on the
administration.
Ministry unit was split into two: Ministry of the Interior and Ministry of Public Service and
Employment.
In 1984, it was called Ministry of Public Service and Vocational Training. This designation
remains until 30th December 1991 under the Government of transition where it remained
Ministry of Public Service. It was note that the public service had no leadership to adequately
accomplish its mission. With the genocide of 1994, concerning spots has the management of
the agents of the State have not resumed. For this situation and to enable public service
continuity, it was allowed to different ministries to temporary title commitments to fill the
vacant positions.
It is since April 1997 that it has been called Ministry of Public Service and Labour
(MIFOTRA: French abbreviation) until today. "It is that there is a lot of restructuring to
modernize the Rwandan Public Service which was the mission of the Ministry of Public
Service and Labour over the past years."
Since 20 years, the situation of public finances and the pressures of population for a better
democracy have causes deep changes in public administration. Although there is no common
model which is applied in all countries, the restructuring of the public service always
pursuing common objectives.
o Improving efficiency (do what must be done) and efficiency (use the best available
resources) in public services,
o Increase flexibility in the management by the use of the delegation,
o Strengthen the responsibility of the administration and its control by the population,
o Introducing competition in the public administration,
o Develop an administration focused on the needs of the population,
o Unit planning, political, and human resources capacity-building,
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MIFOTRA is headed by the Minister of Public Services and Labour, Hon. Anastase
MUREKEZI and Permanent Secretary Samuel MULINDWA. The everyday activities of
the Ministry are carried out by the organizational units tasked with specific functions,
administered by the Permanent Secretary.
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The general mission of the Ministry of Public Services and Labour is to prove the public
institutions with efficient organization and human resources to fit the objectives of best
public service delivery at low cost; and to set up a fair working environment, based on
international standards of health and social security, and favorable to jobs creation and labour
market development.
b. Fixing the orientations for the administrative reform and the implementation
of priorities;
2°. Regulating the public service sector and related sub-sectors through:
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3°. Developing institutional and human resources capacities in the sector through:
4°. Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of policies, strategies and programs
related to the management of public servants through:
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6°. Mobilizing resources for the development of public institutions and labour sector and
related programs through:
The achievement of the strategic objectives needs strong partnership and synergy with
national and international partners. For now, the partners involved in this sector are:
Ministries, Local government institutions, Private sector federations, Trade unions and
development partners (The WORLD BANK, DFID, BELGIAN TECHNICAL
COOPERATION, UNDP, AFRICAN CAPACITY FOUNDATION, CANADIAN
COOPERATION, JICA, ILO, WORLD VISION KURET, BIT,UNICEF, UNIFEM, GTZ.
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1.2.1. Objectives
The following is a list of some objectives which the Industrial Attachment might fulfill for
both the students and the organization (agency, candidate, interest group, etc.):
o Provide students the opportunity to relate theory to practice.
o Give students in-service orientation to a career area they may wish to pursue.
o Allow students the opportunity to work in their area of intended specialization.
o Enhance student’s understanding of organizational and group processes.
o Enhance student’s awareness of public service obligations.
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o To expose the student to the behavior of organizations both in the internal and
external environment and encourage them to be productive whilst developing future
workers.
o To afford the student the opportunity to develop hands-on experience in the world of
work and its intricacies, hence making students employable and become productive
immediately after arriving at the work place.
1.2.2. Interests
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Data used were collected from the reports forwarded to MIFOTRA by the Public Institutions.
Those Public Institutions are subdivided into 3 sectors namely:
SPSS and STATA software were used in the analysis. STAT TRANSFER software was used
to transfer data from Microsoft Office Excel to STATA or SPSS or from STATA to SPSS.
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Unit of Planning, Reform and Capacity Building is specifically responsible for activities
linked to
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o Conceive and set up performance mechanism in public sectors and public institutions,
o Initiate positive and negative acts, analyse reasons for non performance of civil
servants and public institutions and propose possible solutions.
The internship was extended over a period of two months and a half from 07th September
2011 to 11th November 2011.
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3.1. INTRODUCTION
Recent Governance efforts are focussing on striving to reform its civil service. The Civil
Service Reform should help the Government to have a civil service that can satisfy the basic
needs of the people and contribute to solving problems affecting various communities.
For this reason, Government has developed a system of evaluating performance for Civil
Servants and Public Institutions. The process of evaluating human resource needs resource in
the light of tasks to be performed. Filing posts will go hand in hand with productivity
evaluation based on specific tasks and expected results, using work plans and performance
contracts.
With the performance contract, every employee must sign a performance contract with
her/his line supervisor at the beginning of each fiscal year. This performance contract must be
evaluated at the end of that fiscal year.
At the same time, each public institution must also sign the Institutional Performance
Contract which will be evaluated at the end of the year. The contract must be signed between
Government and each Ministry on one hand and between each Ministry and Public
Agency/Commission under its supervision on the other hand.
3.2. ANALYSIS
In the analysis, I have analysed data on performance appraisal of Civil Servants and Public
Institutions for the year 2009/2010 and year 2010/2011. The analysis for year 2010/2011 was
not finished because there were not enough data to analyze; most institutions did not forward
their reports. For this reason, general analysis has not been made.
Here I want to focus on the analysis of the year 2009/2010 because the report for this analysis
has been submitted to the concerned service of MIFOTRA.
This analysis has been made in all institutions which forwarded their reports for year
2009/2010 to MIFOTRA and the general analysis has been made.
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In each institution the purpose of the analysis was to find minimum, maximum and average
score obtained by employees in that institution. The next was to find the number of
employees obtained in each performance grading with respect to that institution.
o Scores greater than or equal to 70% but less than 80% ([70,80[ ),
o Scores greater than or equal to 60% but less than 70% ([60,70[ )
o Data containing Scores and Levels of employees were analysed considering all those
variables.
o Data containing Scores only were analysed considering this variable only.
o For all those data another variable called PerfGr (Performance Grading) have been
created considering the intervals shown above.
o Using STATA software to find minimum, maximum and average scores for data
containing scores and levels and data containing scores only, I used the command:
sum.
o Using SPSS software to find minimum, maximum and average score for data
containing scores and levels and data containing scores only, I used Analyse menu.
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tab Level PerfGr for data containing scores and levels, and tab PerfGr for
data containing scores only to find frequencies.
o Using SPSS:
3.3. RESULTS
Taking case of MIFOTRA for the analysis in institutions, the following are the results of the
analysis done in MIFOTRA and the general analysis done in all institutions.
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6 PRCB 4.II Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation MUSONERA Germain YES 84.6
Expert
8 PRCB 4.II Research and Analysis in Human BIRORI T Michelline YES 79.4
Resources Expert
9 4.II Performance Management Expert MUKESHIMANA YES 71.3
Consolée
10 4.II Statistician UMUGIRANEZA YES 70.5
Odette
11 4.II Legal Reform Framework Expert MUNEZERO Clarisse YES 84.6
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Performance Grading
Level >=80 [80,70[ Total
3.II 4 0 4
3.III 1 0 1
4.II 8 4 12
5.II 2 0 2
6.II 2 0 2
7.II 1 1 2
8.II 1 0 1
9.II 1 0 1
Total 20 5 25
Percent 80 20 100
Descriptive Statistics
Interpretation
After the analysis in each institution I have made the general analysis in three sectors.
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PUBLIC AGENCIES
SECTOR LOCAL CENTRAL AND NATIONAL ALL
VARIABLE GOVERNMENT % GOVERNMENT % COMMOSSIONS % INSTITUTIONS %
TOTAL ON THE LIST 4127 451 1615 6193
EVALUATED 3896 94.4 406 90.0 1512 93.6 5814 93.9
NOT EVALUATED 231 5.6 45 10.0 103 6.4 379 6.1
SUMMARY ON EVALUATED EMPLOYEES
Grading : >=80 2354 60.4 304 74.9 1301 86.0 3959 68.1
Grading: [70,80[ 1454 37.3 99 24.4 193 12.8 1746 30.0
Grading: [60,70[ 72 1.9 3 0.7 16 1.1 91 1.6
Grading: <60 16 0.4 0 0 2 0.1 18 0.3
MINIMUM SCORE 42 65 50.9 42
MAXIMUM SCORE 99 95.5 98 99
AVERAGE SCORE 81.46 83.4 84 83
INSTITUTIONS WHICH
EVALUATED THEIR STAFF 24/31 77.4 26/31 84.0 51/80 63.75 101/142 71.1
INSTITUTIONS WHICH DID
NOT EVALUATE THEIR STAFF 7/31 22.6 5/31 16.0 29/80 36.25 41/142 28.9
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Interpretation
In Local Government
In Central Government
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In General
Chart 3.1: Distribution of minimum score, maximum score and average score
99 95.5 98
100 81.46 83.4 84
80 65
50.9
60 42
40
20
0
Minimum Maximum Average
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
PUBLIC AGENCIES & NATIONAL COMMISSIONS
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o The minimum score obtained by employee in all sectors is 42% which is obtained in
Local Government.
o The maximum score is 99% and is obtained in Local Government.
o The minimum average score is 81.46% and is obtained in Local Government.
o Minimum score, maximum score and minimum average score, all of them, are
obtained in Local Government.
o The maximum average score is 84% and is obtained in Public Agencies and National
Commissions. This indicates that this sector is the first which performed very well in
the year 2009/2010.
o Looking at the Average part of the figure, we can conclude that all sectors have been
stored on the rank “Very High Performance”.
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o The high performance, in 3 sectors, occurs at Performance Grading >=80 and [70, 80[
as a big number of employees occur in these intervals.
o The difference between these percentages is small which indicate that the
performances in 3 sectors lie on the same rank and they are very close.
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o In this analysis we have found that not all Public Institutions forwarded the reports of
their staff performance appraisal in the year 2009/2010, for this reason to make a
good analysis in next years, we recommend all concerned institutions to complete this
duty.
o To make a good analysis also, we must analyze score obtained by staff by considering
their levels but there are some Public Services which did not forward the reports
containing the levels of their staff. So, we recommend them to do this in next years.
o There are some institutions which do not evaluate all staff. Those institutions must
complete this duty in next years.
o We have found that there are some institutions which did not forward their reports to
MIFOTRA but they send a letter saying that they have evaluated their staff. Those are
27 institutions. We remind them also to forward their reports not only letters in next
years.
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One of the most important and obvious goals of an Industrial Attachment is the acquisition of
actual real world experience. It is an opportunity to learn first hand about valued
requirements that can’t be taught or experienced in the classroom. Industrial attachment gives
to the students a full and realistic view of workplace environment. My training experience
has aided me in analyzing my options and my situation.
During the Industrial Attachment, skills have been gained in three axes:
o Technically
There are many technical problems which require only a quick fix from someone with
adequate technical skills.
I have gained more knowledge on statistical software that I used in the analysis which are
SPSS and STATA and more knowledge on use of computer have been gained.
Those technical skills I gained will help me to save time by solving technical problems in
statistics quickly instead of scratching my head in confusion.
o Professionally
During Industrial Attachment I have seen first-hand what happens in a typical day on the job.
I got a realistic idea of the positive and negative parts of the job which helped me to make a
more informed choice.
Meeting people in the job helped me to ask them questions, such as what they like best about
their job, how they ended up in their line of work, and what qualifications they have.
Meeting people in the job also helped me to start building a network of contacts, which can
help me find a job later on.
I have learnt about related jobs in the same field, which could give me more ideas about what
kind of career I might go into.
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o Socially
Social or relational skills are the emergent properties arising from the institution system – the
institution and the people working in the institution.
I have gained the network of relationships and features of social life within Ministry and the
knowledge tied up and shared in these relationships.
I have also gained the ability to work together with other people in value creation, the
corporate culture, beliefs lived and values demonstrated by employees.
o Understand the constraints of working life and functional relationships within and
between organizations.
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5.1. CONCLUSION
A great hand-on experience of analyzing data was gone through. The appreciation of all the
aspects of analysis was achieved and gained. I was given the opportunity to deal with the
supervisor and exchange ideas for more analysis of the concerned data. This exposure of
analysis process has helped to advance my skills.
The analysis was done using statistical software, SPSS and STATA. Those software were
both used in order to get more knowledge on them. The score obtained by employees
sometime considering their levels in each institution have been entered in software and
analyzed. I had to find minimum, maximum and average score obtained by employees in
each institution and find the number of employees whose scores are greater than or equal to
80%, greater than or equal to 70% but less than 80%, greater than or equal to 60% but less
than 70% and finally less than 60%. After that, the general analysis was done in each sector
(Local Government, Central Government and High Institutions and National Commissions)
and then the general analysis was done in combined sectors.
As inculcated by the culture of other institutions, I have learnt to adopt a systematic approach
to the performance contract/appraisal of Civil Servants and Public Institutions problem and
explore the numerous ways for the best solutions and I hope they will be successfully applied
to the service undertaken. The 10-weeks Industrial Attachment in MIFOTRA, PRCB Unity
has indeed been a fruitful and pleasant experience.
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5.2. RECOMMENDATIONS
o We can observe how good and important are to facilitate student for doing their
Industrial Attachment; in relation to the lack of enough funds by the students, KIST
should try to increase the amount of money provided to every student relating to cost
of living as well as distribute them to the students in the concerned period.
o The period of practical training is not enough for the students to acquire all the
necessarily skills and knowledge needed, therefore KIST should try to increase the
period of earring out Industrial Attachment at least three months.
o The analysis of data is very complex where only one person to the post of
Performance Management Expert of the Ministry is not enough. I suggest one or two
other officers accompanying her to well done all tasks of analysis.
o I propose the Ministry to install the appropriate statistical software like SPSS,
EVIEWS, EPI-INFO, STATA, STAT TRANSFER and others in computers of
Performance Management Expert Service as they help the concerned employee in the
analysis.
o To the students, they have to be serious and follow well their training because the
training will help them in their future working life.
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REFERENCES
[4]. Official Gazette of the Republic of Rwanda, Year 50 no 37 Bis, 12 September 2011.
[5]. Policy Framework for Rwanda’s Civil Service Reform: MIFOTRA, May 2002.
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APPENDIX
list the values (across all observations) for list age north
list varname1 varname2 ... varname*
"varname1," "varname2," ... "varname*" employed
ttest varname1, by(varname2) unequal for two variables called "varname1" and
ttest age, by(north)
"varname2," calculate an independent
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Source :
http://www.davidson.edu/academic/political/sellers/pol221/Data/Statistical%20Commands
%20in%20Stata.htm
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