Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CFM, CFM56, LEAP and the CFM logo are trademarks of CFM International, a 50/50 joint company between Snecma (Safran group) and GE. The information in this document is CFM Proprietary Information and is disclosed in confidence. It is the property
of CFM International and its parent companies, and shall not be used, disclosed to others or reproduced without the express written consent of CFM. If consent is given for reproduction in whole or in part, this notice shall appear in any such reproduction in
whole or in part. The information contained in this document may also be controlled by the U.S. and French export control laws. Unauthorized export or re-export is prohibited.
This guide is designed to aid Airline Maintenance Personnel
with the identification of typical visual findings during a CFM56
High-Pressure Turbine (HPT) Module borescope inspection.
Engine model specific limitations and detailed acceptance and
non-acceptance criteria are only found in the Engine Manuals
and/or Aircraft Maintenance Manuals
2 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
CFM International Proprietary Information
3 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
Table of Contents
Title Page Number
Introduction 5
HPT Shroud 6
HPT Nozzle 14
HPT Blade 24
4 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
Introduction
5 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
HPT Shroud
A. Surface Cracks
B. TDC Curling
C. TDC Burning/Erosion
D. Burn-through
E. Wear on rub land
7 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
A. HPT Shroud Surface Cracks
Configuration Specific: No Axial Crack – serviceable condition
Region Specific: No
Cycle Range: N/A
Description: Surface Axial & Circumferential cracks on shroud
Detection: BSI
AMM Criteria:
Airbus:
Surface cracks permitted any number and any length axially across
width in Surface A and B Any number of circumferential cracks that Circumferential Crack – serviceable
condition
are not connected and are no more than 1 inch (25.40 mm) long.
Boeing:
Axial cracks: There is no limit to the number or length of cracks in
Surface A and Surface B.
Circumferentialcracks: There is no limit to the number of
circumferential cracks that do not connect and are no more than 1.0
inch (25 mm) long in Surface A and Surface B.
8 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
B. HPT Shroud TDC Curling
Configuration Specific: Applicable to all repaired shrouds TDC curling– serviceable condition
with TDC coating
Region Specific: No
Cycle Range: N/A
Description: Curling on shroud edges
Detection: BSI
AMM Criteria:
Missing TDC due to curling– serviceable
condition
Airbus:
Boeing:
9 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
C. HPT Shroud TDC Burning/Erosion
Configuration Specific: Applicable for shrouds with old TDC Missing TDC due to burning/erosion or
wear at rub land– serviceable condition
puck repair (72-53-01 Repair No. 003)
Region Specific: No
Cycle Range: N/A
Description: Missing TDC on shroud flowpath surface
Detection: BSI
AMM Criteria:
Airbus:
Burning/erosion - Any amount of material which is not
there. (This include holes through the backstrip). Remaining Missing TDC due to burning/erosion–
material is not permitted to be in the flowpath. serviceable condition
Boeing:
Burning and erosion: There is no limit if the remaining
material is not in the flow path.
10 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
D. HPT Shroud Burn-through
Configuration Specific: No Burn thru– not serviceable condition
Region Specific: No
Cycle Range: N/A
Description: Shroud burn through
Detection: BSI
AMM Criteria:
Airbus:
Burn through on rub land - Not serviceable Burn thru– not serviceable condition
Boeing:
Burn-through on the rub land (this includes holes through
the backstrip)
1) Burn-through is not permitted.
2) The Continue-In-Service limit is 25 cycles
11 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
E. HPT Shroud wear on rub land
AMM Criteria:
Airbus: Rubs/wear - Any amount
12 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
CFM56-5B, -5C, -7B HPT Shroud evolution
No Cooling bumps inside pocket
5C engines SB 72-0586 released 2005 2080M28P05
After repair 2118M94G01
Mat: N5
2080M28P02 5B engines SB 72-0830 released 2012
7B engines SB 72-0867 released 2012 2080M28P10
After repair
After repair 2118M94G07
2118M94G03
Mat: N500
Mat: N5
A. General Practice
B. Nozzle Configuration
C. Leading Edge
D. Concave Surface
E. Convex Surface
F. Trailing Edge
G. Platform
H. Other Cracks
15 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
A. General Practice
16 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
B. HPT Nozzle Configuration
Concave surface
TE side view
17 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
C. HPT Nozzle Leading Edge
AMM Criteria:
Airbus: Subtask 72-51-00-290-052-A
Missing
1. Leading edge of vane airfoil for: Material
A. Cracks that interconnect nose holes.
Any number, 0.3 in. (7.62 mm) long; no missing material. (baffle
holes
If crack is not more than 1 inch (25.4 mm), then do an inspection again in 400 exposed)
cycles.
Airbus AMM TASK 72-00-00-200-025 Overserviceable Limit Extension:
Leading edge missing material, from cracking or burn-through, up to 0.5 in.
(12.7 mm) X 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) per vane. Maximum of 4 vanes per 90 degree arc:
25 cycles Crack
connecting
Boeing: Subtask 72-00-00-210-040-F00 nose holes
(1) Examine the leading edges of the 42 HPT nozzle guide vanes as follow: (11.4 mm
(a) Cracks that connect nose holes length)
1. There is no limit to the number with these conditions:
a) The cracks are not longer than 0.3 inch (7.60 mm)
b) There is no missing material. Row 8 Row 9
2. Do the inspection again after each 800 cycle interval with these conditions:
a) The cracks are not longer than 0.3 inch (7.60 mm).
b) The total area of missing material is not more than 0.25 square inch (161 Current AMM limit requires an inspection every
square mm) per vane. Maximum of 4 vanes per 90° arc. 400 cycles with these conditions: The crack
c) Missing material does not extend aft of rows 3 or 9. length with missing material is not greater than
3. Do the inspection again after each 400 cycle interval with these conditions:
25.4 mm and area of missing material is less
a) The cracks are not more than 1 inch (25.4 mm) in length.
b) The total area of missing material is not more than 0.25 square inch (161 than 161 square mm.
square mm) per vane. Maximum of 4 vanes per 90° arc.
c) Missing material does not extend aft of rows 3 or 9.
4. The Continue-In-Service limit is 25 cycles with this condition:
a) The area of missing material is not more than 0.3 square inch (193 square
18 /
mm) per vane.
CFM Proprietary Maximum
Information of 4 vanes
subject to restrictions on the per
cover 90° arc. CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
D. HPT Nozzle Concave Surface -
Burning/Missing Coating vs. Missing Material
Row 10 Row 11 Row 12 Note: Use the number
AMM Sections: of baffle impingement
holes to estimate the
Airbus: Subtask 72-51-00-290-052-A amount of missing
2. Concave surface of vane airfoil for: area.
C. Burns. Each visible baffle
Any number; no missing material or burn through. hole equates to
If missing material caused by burns is not more than 0.04 square in. approximately 0.01
(25.81 square mm), and no more than 4 airfoils for each engine have in2
missing material caused by burns, do the inspection again in 400
cycles. For this case ~ 5 baffle
See limit extension Airbus AMM TASK 72-00-00-200-025: holes are clearly
visible so that
Concave surfaces of airfoil missing material, from cracking or
corresponds to
burnthrough, up to 0.75 in. (19.04 mm) diameter per vane: 25 cycles
missing material area
of 0.05 in2
Boeing: SUBTASK 72-00-00-210-041-F00
(2) Examine the concave surfaces as follow:
Row 12 Row 11 Row 10 Missing material
(c) Burns
1) There is no limit to the quantity with this condition: (Baffle holes
a) There is no burn-through into the inner cooling exposed)
passages.
2) The Continue-In-Service limit is 25 cycles with this Missing TBC
condition: coating on concave
a) The area which is burned through is not larger than surface.
0.45 square inch (290 square mm) on each vane. Serviceable
(d) Missing thermal barrier coating (TBC) condition. No
1) There is no limit to the quantity of TBC that can be missing. Parent material is
missing (NO baffle
holes exposed)
19 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
Row 16 Gap is considered missing
E. HPT Nozzle Convex Surface material.
25 cycles to remove engine
AMM Criteria:
Airbus: Subtask 72-51-00-290-052-A
Convex surface of vane airfoil for:
A. Radial cracks. Any number.
Baffle
B. Axial cracks. Any number.
holes
C. Burns and bulges. Any number. exposed
D. Missing panel. Not serviceable.
See limit extension: Airbus AMM TASK 72-00-00-200-025: 25 cycles
provided HPT blades are within limits
E. Missing Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) Any amount.
A. Configurations
B. General Practice
C. Leading Edge Missing Material
D. Impact Damage
E. Trailing Edge Crack
F. Leading Edge Oxidation
1. Middle East
2. China
25 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
A. HPT Blade Configurations
Applicable Blade areas covered in
AMM. Refer to as needed
26 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
B. HPT Blade General Practice
27 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
B. HPT Blade General Practice
28 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
B. HPT Blade General Practice
29 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
B. HPT Blade General Practice
30 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
B. HPT Blade General Practice
These are examples of repaired tips
showing a weld line that are
sometimes interpreted incorrectly as
a crack.
Weld Line
31 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
C. HPT Blade Leading Edge Missing Material
Configuration Specific: More likely to be seen on Pre CFM56-5B Cavity 3/4
SB 72-0652 / CFM56-7B SB 72-0643 (Improved FOS) engines. Cavity 2
Region Specific: Typically seen in Middle East and other
environments where engines may ingest sand and dust. Cavity 1
Cycle Range: 3,000 to 7,000 cycles.
Description: The internal cavity 3-4 tip turnaround which feeds
the lead edge clogs with dirt. The result is overheat of the lead
edge and eventual creep rupture exposing internal cavities 1-3.
Detection: May be detected by vibration indication.
32 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
C. HPT Blade Leading Edge Missing Material
Configuration Specific:
Region Specific: Middle East
Cycle Range: 5000-6000
Description: LE missing material in area “C”
Detection: May be detected at BSI
AMM Criteria:
Airbus: 72-52-00-290-001-B
Through wall hole in Area C
Permitted with these conditions:
a) Engines covered by SB CFM 72-0644 or CFM 72-0849.
b) Hole size less than 0.070 in. (1.8 mm) diameter.
Do the inspection again after
each 100 cycles. LE edge missing material in area “C”. Not a
serviceable condition. Continue in service
Boeing: SUBTASK 72-00-00-210-056-F00 for 50 cycles. Cavity 2 is not exposed
(k) Through wall hole in Area C
The Continue-In-Service limit is 50 cycles, with this condition:
a) The hole size is less than 0.30 inch (7.6 mm) diameter.
33 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
D. HPT Blade Impact Damage
(With Thru-Wall Hole)
34 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
D. HPT Blade Impact Damage
(Without Thru-Wall Hole)
35 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
E. HPT Blade Trailing Edge Crack
Configuration Specific: Failure is unique to Pre-1957M10P01 Blades. Aft looking forward view of an Airfoil
Typically seen after blade repair. Trailing Edge Convex Side at the platform.
Region Specific: No
Cycle Range: Yes, this is a medium to high-cycle failure mode with
recent events ranging from 15,000 to 19,000 blade cycles since new.
Description: Cracks may develop in early configuration HPT blades,
later blades have added cooling that essentially eliminates these
cracks. If undetected airfoil separation can occur.
Detection: Cracks maybe found on routine inspection
36 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
F. HPT Blade Leading Edge Oxidation
(Middle East)
Configuration Specific: No
Region Specific: Typically found in China and Middle East
Cycle Specific: No
Description: TBC erosion exposes parent material that allows
oxidation to begin
Detection: May be detected by BSI.
AMM Reference Criteria : The HPT blades have spots of parent metal
oxidation, indicated by black discoloration
Airbus-5B:TASK 72-52-00-290-001-B
on the leading edge. Inspect again after 400
Boeing-7B: SUBTASK 72-00-00-210-056-F00 cycles
Discoloration and oxidation permitted with this condition:
1) Do the inspection again after each 400 cycles.
37 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
F. HPT Blade Leading Edge Oxidation
(China)
Configuration Specific: Split shelf Blades
Region Specific: Typically found in China
Cycle Specific: 6,000 to 18,500 cycles
Description: HPT blades have parent metal oxidation where the
cumulative radial length of the oxidation on a single blade is greater
than 0.5”.
Detection: May be detected by BSI, Elevated EGT.
38 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
F. HPT Blade Leading Edge Oxidation
(China)
Configuration Specific: No
Region Specific: Typically found in China and Middle East
Cycle Specific: No
Description: The HPT blades have parent metal oxidation where the
cumulative length of radial oxidation on a single blade is greater
than 0.5” and there is a notch feature around the location of the split
shelf on the leading edge
Detection: May be detected by BSI.
39 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56-5B, -7B HPT BSI Guide GEK 119346 / December 2015
40 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover