POEM

BAHASA DAN SASTRA INGGRIS

KELAS XI
Objectives:
• The students recognize poem as a part of literature.
Prose (prosa)
• Prose atau prosa merupakan bentuk seni tertulis yang
mengandung variasi ritme lebih besar. Jenis
tulisan prose biasanya digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan suatu
fakta atau ide. Prose dapat digunakan untuk surat kabar, novel,
majalah, surat, ensiklopedia, surat serta berbagai jenis media
lain. Berikut adalah contoh prose bahasa Inggris Chad
Davidson berjudul Refinishing:
• Wood has no future. It saves all scratches. At twenty-three I
helped a woman sand her table down to grain. I touched every
inch of that table, used a belt-sander but took the corners by
hand, not wanting to burn through. I had it clean in days, then
set to clear coating. I could count my years in its surface as the
tiny histories of the people who had eaten there vanished.
Poetry (Puisi)
Poetry atau puisi adalah bentuk seni tertulis yang mengandung
bahasa dengan estetika berkualitas dan memiliki arti
mendalam. Poetry bisa jadi merupakan curahan isi hati seseorang dan
dituliskan dalam kata-kata indah bermakna. Poetry dapat berisi satu
kata atau suku kata yang terus diulang-ulang.
Contoh singkat beberapa bari bentuk poetry William Shakespeare dari
poetry ‘Venus and Adonis’:
Even as the sun with purple-colour'd face
Had ta'en his last leave of the weeping morn,
Rose-cheek'd Adonis hied him to the chase;
Hunting he loved, but love he laugh'd to scorn;
Sick-thoughted Venus makes amain unto him,
And like a bold-faced suitor 'gins to woo him.
Poem (sajak)
Poem atau sajak hampir sama dengan poetry, hanya saja
bentuk penyajiannya dalam baris-baris yang teratur dan
terikat. Sajak mementingkan keselarasan bunyi bahasa
dan kesepadanan bunyi.
Perbedaan poem dan poetry hanya ada pada bentuk.
Contoh sajak bahasa Inggris:
I have a pen
My pen is blue
I have my friend
My friend is you
• Poetry is a creative use of words which,
like all art, is intended to stir an
emotion in the audience.

• Poetry generally has some structure

that separates it from prose.
The basic unit of poetry is the line.
It serves the same function as the sentence in
prose, although most poetry maintains the use
of grammar within the structure of the poem.

Most poems have a structure in which each

line contains a set amount of syllables; this is
called meter.

Lines are also often grouped into stanzas.

The stanza in poetry is equivalent or equal
to the paragraph in prose.
Often the lines in a stanza will have a
specific rhyme scheme.
Some of the more common stanzas are:
Couplet: a two line stanza
Triplet: a three line stanza
Quatrain: a four line stanza
Cinquain: a five line stanza
Example of a Couplet
PUMPKINS ON GUARD
Look at all the pumpkin faces
Lighting up so many places.
On the porch and in the yard,
Pumpkin faces standing guard.
Looking friendly, looking mean,
With a smile or with a scream.
Orange faces burning bright
In the cool October night.
WITCH WAY
With warts on her nose
And sharp pointy toes,
She flies through the night on
her broom.
With covers pulled tight
In the shadows of night,
I hide in the dark of my room.
 CLASSWORK / PRACTICE
Write a couplet or triplet about
Halloween
(Couplets must have at least four lines;
Triplets must have at least six lines)
Classwork/Practice
These will be displayed in class!
• Meter is the measured arrangement of
words in poetry, the rhythmic pattern of a
stanza, determined by the kind and
number of lines.
• Meter is an organized way to arrange
stressed/accented syllables and
unstressed/unaccented syllables.

• Whose woods / these are / I think /I know

Rhyme is when the endings of the words sound the same. Read
the poem with me out loud.

Dust of Snow Poems of

by Robert Frost more than
one stanza
The way a crow
Shook down on me often
The dust of snow repeat the
From a hemlock tree same
rhyme
Has given my heart
A change of mood
scheme in
And save some part each
Of a day I had rued. stanza.
Let’s practice rhyme scheme
Determine the rhyme scheme of the following poem:

HALLOWEEN
A gentle breeze rustling the dry cornstalks.
A sound is heard, a goblin walks.
A harvest moon suffers a black cat's cry.
Oh' do the witches fly!
Bonfire catches a pumpkins gleem.
Rejoice, it's Halloween!

-Richard Anderson © Copyright 1998 HALLOWEEN

 Classwork/Practice
Identify the rhyme scheme in the poems
provided on the worksheet
Repetition is the repeating of a sound, word, or
phrase for emphasis.

Inside
Inside the house
(I get ready)
Inside the car
(I go to school)
Inside the school
(I wait for the bell to ring)
Whenever you describe something by
comparing it with something else, you
are using figurative language.
Figurative language is any language
that goes beyond the literal meaning of
words in order to furnish new effects or
fresh insights into an idea or a subject.
The most common figures of speech are
simile, metaphor, and alliteration.
Figurative language is used in poetry to
compare two things that are usually not
Simile
A simile is a figure of speech in which two
essentially unlike things are compared,
often in a phrase introduced by like or as.

The clouds looked like cotton candy.

Grandpa was as stubborn as a mule.
Tom's head is as hard as a rock.
Metaphor
A metaphor is a figure of speech in
which an implied comparison is made
between two unlike things that actually
have something
Clouds are cotton important in common.
candy. They are fluffy.

Grandpa was a They are stubborn.

mule.
They are hard.
Tom is a rock.
Alliteration is the repetition of the same sounds
or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning
of words or in stressed syllables, as in "on scrolls
of silver snowy sentences" (Hart Crane). Modern
alliteration is predominantly consonantal. To find
an alliteration, you must look the repetitions of
the same consonant sound through out a line.
Silvery snowflakes fall silently
Softly sheathing all with moonlight
Until sunrise slowly shows
Snow softening swiftly.
Imagery is an appeal to the senses. The
poet describes something to help you to
see, hear, touch, taste, or smell the topic of
the poem.

SEE, HEAR
Fog SEE
The fog comes on little cat feet.
HEAR, SEE,
It sits looking over harbor and city
FEEL
on silent haunches and then moves on.