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    British Standard Methods of test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes. Part 3: 1990. Chemical and Electro Chemical Tests

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    British Standard Methods of test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes. Part 3: 1990. Chemical and Electro Chemical Tests

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    22 views48 pages

    BS 1377 - Part3

    Uploaded by

    Zulkhairi Abu Bakar
    British Standard Methods of test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes. Part 3: 1990. Chemical and Electro Chemical Tests

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 48
    vn in RG BS 1377 : Part 3 : 1990 ‘© prion stacaa urton Ho Fa of ths pcan maybe phasing oan ered whut he pr peinisienn win OSE British Standard Methods of test for Soils for civil engineering purposes Part 3. Chemical and electro-chemical tests + _—_ eee Méthodes d'essai des sols pour fe génie civil Partie 3, Essais chimiques et électrochimiques Bodenuntersuchung fir Tiefbauzwecke Teil 3. Chemische und galvanische Prifungen British Standards Institution BS 1377 : Part 3: 1990 4 ‘e 5.2.2 Reagons 5.2.2.1 Genera}. Allreagents shalt be of recognized analytical requites it may sm already standardiveo in, form endio dilute them asnecossary maccardance with ‘he menlaetatersinetrustions: 5.22.2 Mydvochioric acid, 10 % (viv) solution, Dilute 100 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (relative density 1.18) 10 1 1 with distitled water. 5.223 Dilute ammonia solution. Dilute $00 ml. of ammonia {relative density 0.880} to + L with distilled water. 5.2.24 Silver nitrate. 0.5 % (V/V) solution. Dissolve 0.5 9 of silver nitrate in }00mt of distilled water. Store the solution in anamber-coloured glass container. 5.2.25 Concentrated nitric acid density (3.42 gL), $.226 Distilled water, of a purity complying with S.1 of BS 1377: Por: 1990, < 5.23 Preparation of test specimen 5.2.3.1 Prepare each test specimen for analysis from the faboratory sample as given in 5.2.3.2 10 5.23.11, 5.23.2 Obteinaninitialseinple as described in7.3, and ofthe approximate size specified in 7.5, of BS 1377 : Part 3: 1990. 5.2.3.3 Dry this sample inthe ovenat atemparature between 75°C and 60 °C and allow 10 coo! to room temperature inthe dosiccater. NOTE, Soits eantsining uiphatesinthe form of gypsum lose water of crystalliztion i heaved above ine speciied temperature, 5.2.3.4 Weigh the sample to the nearest0.1% and racordthe mass m, ting). 5.235 Sieve thesampleona2 mm testsieve lifeppropriste, quarded by a teat sieve of larger aperture). andcrush particles thor than siones to pass through the sie NOTE.Mtis assumecinat any materia‘ retained onthe? mmiest sieve ‘ill na conten sulphates. Thisis peneralty rue butcertain sils mey Eontaialumps of gyosum targes than 2/mm in diameter andin such, {2testhe gysum should be removed by Mand, crushedto paas @ 2 mimtest sieve and incorporsted in the fraction passing he seve 5.2.3.6 Reject he stones ensuring that no fine material adheres to them, e.g. by brushing. Record {in g}the mass of the sampfe passing the 2 mm test sieve to the nearest 0.1 % (on,). Throughout those and subsequent operations ensure that there is no loss of fines, 5.2.3.7 Divide the material passing the 2 mm sieve by Successive riffing through the 1 mm divider to produce a ‘sample weighing approximately 100 g. 5.2.3.6 Pulverice this sample sothatit passes tha 425 umtest sieve, Throughout this and any subsequent operation, mix ‘the material thoroughly before any division and take care to avoid segregation during riffing 5.2.3.9 Subdivide the sample by successive riffing through the 7 mm divider to obtain test specimens each weighing approximarely 10 9. : 5.2.8.10 Placo each specimen ina glass weighing hottie and, ‘ry in the oven at temperature of 75°C. The specimens are doomed to be diy when ne gifferences in successive weighings at intervals of dh go not excead 0.1 % of the ‘specimen mass 5.2.11 Allowthe specimens to cool to romtemperaturein the desiccator. 8.24 Proparation of acid extract 5.24.4 Obtain the acid extract tor the datarmination of the total sulphate content from eech of the prepared specimens as glvenin 8.2.4.2 105.2.45. 5.242 Weigh the Wéighing banle containing the dried test specimen to the nearest 0.00% 9, 5.24.3 Transfer representative sample of about 2 gia mass {see note} to a £00 mL. beaker, eawoigh the weighing bone and cetculate the mass (m) of the sample by ditterence. NOTE. Tha massofsempleto use depends onthe amount suiphate present Ideally e mess should be chosan that will proguce a Dreciitate of barium sutphate weighing aparoximately 0.23 5.24.4 Add 100 mL of 10 % hydrochloric acto the taking care iffrothing occurs to ensure that no mate: NOTE. Materials containing sulphides will release 455 on acidtcatlonandtlscan be etectedby ‘Sedanger hatin procedure vr because of sulpsie oxi lace 100 ml. of the acid 9500 mi beaker end heat to boiling, Bemove from ine hast souree and whist suirng ihe adie solution sprinkle the weighed anetytical sample on to the acd 8.245 Coverthe beaker witha cover glass, boil, and simmer gently for 16 minin a fume cupboard. Rinse the underside cf the cover glass back into the beaker and analyse the acid extract as described in 5.5.3, NOTE. For soils that contain sesquicxidesin appreciable quantity.e9. some tropical residual sais, the sesquioxides should be precipitate belore proceeding with the sulphate anelvsis, ay fllows (at Aud a few crops of nie acid while the suspension continues tobe - (6) 436 ammonie soltionstomty preterm from a bursa, ‘with constant stirng, 10 the Boleg ralution uni! ine Sesquionides ate pretioiated and rag dimmu is turned 10 DIVE by imenigsia, spensicn through » hardened fier paperinio = 500 mL conical Beaker. Wash the liter pazer wth ditiled warse the washiags ae ae from enlorie, ae indicated by 30 absence of turbigty wher a drop ie added to small volume of {a} Ha voluminous precipitate of snrquioxides forms when, smo is added vo neviraie the acid sorse sulphate moy srtrapped which will net be removes by washing ane teald eed lotowresutis inthis case asecond pretiptationis ecommensea ‘This is dane by carefully removing ine iter paper with ine precipitete and replacing inthe original beaker AO‘ sotution Sthyereenlarc avis ded and the content stirred until the secquotxideshave goneinto solution 20 mL of70 % hyérochlacc cid mouldbe sucien) Bring necoatentsto he bo ana repeat eps 3] and te above, 5.1.2 Types of test. Procedures are desctibad for the setermination of the following: NOTE. Good practice in chemical ceting requires that duplicate specimens should be tested In each of the tet metnade the Measurement of oniy ene value ct theoverallretul ie describe, tis, recagnitedihattisnecessary inmany practical applications rth numberof erisinorderto abtaina mean value and anindication of the reliability of the resuhs, Guidance on ve numberof ‘measurements requies ang the testment ofthe results obtained is beyond the scope af is Part of thi standard {a} the acid-soluble sulphatecontent of soit alsoreferred foasthetotal sulphate content} for which an acid extract is first prepared (see 2); (©) the water-soluble sulphate contentef soil, forwhich a water ontact is first prepared (see 5.3) NOTE. Whe sulphate present inthe soli peecominantly the

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