Name of Learner: __________________________________________________ Section: ________________

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
SY 2020 – 2021 1st Semester
1st Quarter Week 2

Background Information:
Rational function can be represented in real life. This can be applied to the distribution of expenses,
budget, or salary in the government and private sectors. In this activity, you are expected to:

Learning Competency:
M11GM-Ib-1 – represents real-life situations using rational functions.
M11GM-Ib-2 – distinguishes rational function, rational equation and rational inequality
M11GM-Ib-3 – solve rational equations and inequalities
M11GM-Ib-4 – represents a rational function through its: (a) table of values, (b) graph, and (c) equation.
M11GM-Ib-5 – finds the domain and range of a rational function.

Discussion:
Real World Application of Rational Function
The local barangay received a budget of P100,000 to provide medical checkups for the children in the
barangay. The amount is to be allotted equally among all children in the barangay. Write an equation
representing the relationship of the allotted amount per child (y) versus the total number of children (x).

Rational Function, Rational Equation and Rational Inequality

A rational equation is an equation involving rational expression. Example,

A rational inequality is an inequality involving rational expressions. Example,

( )
A rational function is a function of the form of ( ) ( )
where ( ) and ( ) are polynomials, and ( ) is not

the zero function. Example, ( )

Solving Rational Equation and Rational Inequality.

A rational equation is an equation containing at least one rational expression. Usually, a rational
expression contains variable in the denominator. With this, it is a must to assure that the denominator is not
zero.
To solve rational equation:
(a) Eliminate denominators by multiplying each term of the equation by the least common denominator.
(b) Note that eliminating denominators may introduce extraneous solutions. Check the solutions of the
transformed equations with the original equation.
Solve . LCD: ( )( )

( )( )
( )( ). / ( )( ). / .( /( )( )
)( )
( ) ( )

( )( )

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Interval Notation

A rational inequality is a mathematical statement that relates a rational expression as either less than or
greater than another.
Note: The zeros of the numerator and the denominator are called critical numbers.
Steps in Solving Rational Inequality
1. Rewrite the inequality as a single fraction on one side of the inequality symbol and zero on the other
side, as much as possible make the numerator and denominator in factored form.
2. Plot the critical numbers on a number line. The zeros of the denominator will not be included in the
solution (not shaded). The zeros of the numerator will not be included (not shaded) in the solution if
there is no equal sign below the inequality symbol. Otherwise, the zeros of the numerator will be
included in the solution (shaded).
3. Identify the intervals made by plotting the critical numbers. Choose a test value in each interval and
construct a table. The sign of the rational expression at this point is also the sign of the rational
expression at each interior point in the aforementioned interval.
4. Use the table to determine which interval satisfy the inequality. If the inequality is of the form ( )
or ( ) , then all intervals with the negative sign are solutions. If the inequality is of the form
( ) or ( ) , then all intervals with the positive sign are solutions.
Solve .
( ) ( )
( )( )

( )( )

( )( )
The critical numbers are the zeros of the numerator and denominator.
Numerator:

Denominator: ( )( )

( ∞ ) ( ∞)
( ) ( )
Test point

( )
Since ( ) , all intervals with negative sign will be the solution. Hence, the solution is
( ) ( ∞)

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Representing Rational Function through its Graph, Table of Values and Equation.

How do we represent ( ) ?
 A rational function can be represented by equation, table of values and graph.
 The representation ( ) is an equation.
To construct its table of values,

Step 1. Equate the denominator by zero

-1 is the value that will make the rational undefined.

Step 2. Complete the table.

If ( )
If ( )
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
( ) -1 Undefined 1

Graph of ( )

Finding the Domain and Range of a Rational Function.

 The domain of a rational function is the set of all real numbers except those that make its denominator
equal to zero.
 The range is the set of the resulting values of the rational function.
To find the domain of the rational function
( )
Step 1: Equate the denominator to zero.

Step 2: Solve the equation.

Step 3: Exclude the obtained value from the domain

* + ( ∞ ) ( ∞)
To find the range of the rational function
Step 1: Solve in terms of .
( )

( )

Step 2: Equate the denominator by zero.

Step 3: Exclude the obtained value from the range.

* + ( ∞ ) ( ∞)

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Name of Learner: __________________________________________________ Section: ________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

General Mathematics
SY 2020 – 2021 1st Semester
1st Quarter Week 2

Exercises

Exercise 1: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

A fence is to enclose a rectangular vegetable farm with an area of 400 square meters. If is the length of one
side of this fence, find a function ( ) representing the perimeter of the fencing materials required.
1. What is the formula for the area of rectangle?
a. b. c. d. ( )
2. If represents one side, how about the other side?
a. b. c. d.
3. What is the formula for the perimeter of rectangle?
a. b. c. d. ( )
4. Replacing and , will lead to ______.
a. ( ) ( ) b. ( ) ( ( ))
c. ( ) ( ) d. ( ) ( )
5. Simplifying your answer on number 4.
a. ( ) b. ( )
c. ( ) d. ( )

Exercise 2 : Write A if the given is a rational function, B if rational equation, C if rational inequality and D if
neither.
___ 1. ( ) ___ 4.
___ 2. ___ 5. ( )

___ 3.

Exercise 3.1: Solve

LCD:
( ) ( )

Exercise 3.2: Fill in the blanks.

Solve

Critical numbers
Numerator

Denominator

Complete the Sign Table

( ∞ ) ( - , ∞)
Test point

( )

Solution: _____________

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Exercise 4: Represent the rational function ( ) through its table of values and graph.
Table of Values (5 points)

( )

Graph (5 points)

Exercise 5: Find the domain and range of the following:

1. ( )
D:
R:
1. ( )
D:
R:

Prepared by: DIHS - SHS Mathematics Department

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