DIGITILIZE DASHBOARD OF ELECTRIC CAR

BATTERY MANAGEMANT SYSTEM:

A battery management system (BMS) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable
battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe
operating area, monitoring its state, calculating secondary data, reporting that data, controlling
its environment, authenticating it and / or balancing it.

A BMS may monitor the state of the battery as represented by various items, such as:

1. Voltage
2. Temperature
3. Current

General battery Management system (BMS)

CHARGING:
If lithium cells are overcharged, it will shorten their lifespan or perhaps permanently damage
them. So with a LiFePO4 (Lithium Iron Phosphate) battery whose nominal voltage is 3.2 volts
you should never charge them above 3.65 volts and it is best to have something in the system
that will shut the charger off when they reach a maximum charge voltage of 3.65 volts.
DISCHARGING:
Conversely, a LiFePO4 lithium battery cannot be discharged below 2.4 volts without damage to
the cells. So there must be some mechanism in the system which will automatically throttle
back and eventually shut the battery pack down in the event of a discharge condition that goes
below 2.4 volts. If that mechanism isn't in place you risk damaging some of the batteries in your
pack. This system is commonly referred to as a Battery Management System or BMS or in the
case of some smaller battery packs, like in a bicycle, a PCM.

HALL EFFECT RPM SENSOR:

A Hall-effect sensor (or simply Hall sensor) is a device to measure the magnitude of a
magnetic field. Its output voltage is directly proportional to the magnetic field strength
through it.

Hall-effect sensors are used for proximity sensing, positioning, speed detection,

and current sensing applications.

Hall sensors are commonly used to time the speed of wheels and shafts, such as
for internal combustion engine ignition timing, tachometers and anti-lock braking
systems. They are used in brushless DC electric motors to detect the position of the
permanent magnet.
TEMPERATURE SENSORS:
PT100:

PT100 series thermal resistance temperature sensor develops based on the principle that RTD changes
with temperature, and presenting a certain functional relation.

Usually PT100 series RTD Temperature Sensors are matched with temperature transmitter, display
instrument and computer to directly measure the temperature of liquid, gas and solid surface ranging
from -200℃～500℃ during the production process.

FEATURES:

1. Anti vibration, good stability, high accuracy.

2. High anti-pressure ability.

Price in Pakistan:

Pt100: Rs 18000

Electrical Relay
Electrical relays and contactors use a low level control signal to switch a much higher
voltage or current supply using a numer of different contact arrangements