Lab Report: Purification by Crystallization

Introduction
The purpose of this experiment was to purify an impure sample of Acetanilide.
Acetanilide is a crystalized organic compound. The technique used to purify the sample of
Acetanilide was recrystallization, which is a purifying technique. Filtration was another
technique used to separate insoluble impurities from the recovered Acetanilide which was 2.5g.
The percentage of recovered, purified Acetanilide was 42%.

Abstract
The main focus of this lab was to purify an impure sample of a crystalline solid,
Acetanilide, a crystalized organic compound. The significance behind this experiment is to be
able to purify a crystalized organic compound, which in this case was Acetanilide.
Recrystallization and filtration were both techniques used to purify the solution. Recrystallization
is a technique where the impurities of the solution is dissolved in an appropriate solvent. The
solvent used in the experiment was hot water. Filtration is a technique where a solid is separated
from fluids by adding a medium in which only fluid can pass through. The medium in this case
was cold water.

Data and Calculations

Melting Point of “Impure Acetanilide”: 100º
First Crystallization
Weight (g)
Paper 1.5
Impure Acetanilide 6
Recovered Acetanilide 2.5

Percent Recovery of Pure Acetanilide: 42%

Sample Calculation:
mass of pure Acetanilde
% Recovery = mass of impure Acetanildex 100
2.5
42% = 41.67%  x 100
6

Discussion of Results
The starting weight of the impure sample of Acetanilide was 6 g. Once recrystallization
and filtration were completed, 2.5g of pure Acetanilide was recovered. The percentage recovery
of pure Acetanilide was 42%. This means that 3.5g of Acetanilide had been contaminated with
impurities.

Conclusion
Overall, I learned how to purify a crystalline solid that is contaminated with impurities
using the techniques of recrystallization and filtration. Also, I learned, that the melting point of
the impure Acetanilide was at 100º. A melting point being when a solid turns into a liquid.

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Post Lab Questions
1. Heterogeneous mixtures can be separated using filtering. This is because
heterogeneous mixtures can be separated by physical means. Filtering is a
physical technique.
2. Acetanilide/water mixture is a solution if it were a homogenous mixture. A
homogenous mixture is of two or more substances. The solution becomes a
heterogeneous mixture when the mixtures are not mixed, but rather separate from
each other.