360 degree motion

Many users prefer the coverage pattern provided from 360 degree motion sensors rather than the
typical coverage pattern used with standard motion sensors. Most motion sensors look outward and
scan across a room. A 360 degree motion sensor looks directly downward and captures movement
that occurs below. This coverage pattern can be advantageous in certain applications.

Since 360 degree motion sensors looks downward, these devices are typically mounted on the ceiling.
Many people actually refer to 360 degree motion sensors as ceiling-mount motion sensors. As a
general rule, a ceiling-mount motion sensor is expected to have a 360 degree coverage pattern. This
way, it will detect any movement that occurs directly below.

The way that 360 degree motion sensors differ from regular motion detecting sensors is strictly in
coverage pattern. In terms of actual detection method, they are largely the same. Both motion sensor
types are passive infrared (PIR) devices that look for changes in infrared energy that occur with
movement. If a substantial change in infrared energy is detected, then the sensor will activate and
alert the security system.

zoom

In photography, camera zoom refers to making a subject appear closer or farther away in an image.
Zooming in gives you a closer look at objects, while zooming out will let you capture a wider space.
This can be done by using optics to magnify an image, or by simply cropping into an area of the image.

-optical zoom

Optical camera zoom is achieved by using a series of lens elements. Glass can move through the lens
to zoom in or out. Optical zoom offers the best results and is the truest form of image magnification.
Because the content in your photograph is enlarged by manipulating rays of light coming from the
scene, optical zoom offers lossless results.

-digital zoom

Digital camera zoom achieves a similar effect to optical zoom, without mechanical work or glass
elements. It will essentially cut off areas around your scene to make it seem like you are closer to the
subject. The remaining part of the image is enlarged using algorithms, hence the name digital. Unlike
optical zoom, digital zoom is not lossless, meaning some information from the scene is discarded in
the process. The algorithms will add pixels in order to preserve detail in the magnified image, but this
process is imperfect. That’s why digitally zoomed images will often look blurry and smudgy.

-Hybrid zoom

Hybrid camera zoom is a newer concept used in smartphones. It takes advantage of optical zoom,

digital zoom, and software to get improved results when zooming in further than the lens’s physical

capabilities.Modern phones with optical zoom have lenses with 3x or 5x optical zoom. Trying to zoom

in further than that should result in loss of quality, as you would then technically be using digital

zoom. This is where hybrid camera zoom comes to the rescue.

PAN/TILT

PAN

A pan shot is a slow, smooth and continuous movement of the camera from left to right or vice versa.

But its excessive use will cause the audience to get bored and confused.

TILT

TILTING is a smooth and continuous vertical movement of the camera as in the figure above. The

camera is in a fixed position either on the TRIPOD or held by hand (hand held). TILTING is an effective

movement or technique to describe a tall subject such as TILTING from the top of a building down

(TILT DOWN) or from the bottom up (TILT UP). The movement of the subject can also be followed

with this technique such as a person climbing or descending a coconut tree for example

DOLLY/CRANE

The dolly is a wheel mounted on a tripod leg, so the camera can be driven closer to or away from

objects. The movement of the camera closer to the object (forward camera) is called dolly in, while

the movement of the camera away from the object (backward camera) is called dolly out. Another

term for camera movement (dolly) is TRACK.Track In for camera movement closer to the object and

Track Out for camera movement away from the object. The image produced by this movement is a

change in appearance that takes place naturally.75 Dolly in Television Media, for example, slowly the

object feels closer, while with dolly out the object feels away.

But there are some things to note, when doing camera movements with a dolly, namely:

• When the camera moves (approaching or away), it must be followed by the focus setting (follow

focus).

• If you use a wide-angle lens (wide lens) when doing a dolly in that is too extreme, then the parts of

the object that are more prominent forward will produce an extreme magnification effect as well.
• When taking pictures with a lens with an angle of less than 20 degrees, care must be taken so that

the resulting image does not shake.

RANDOM
Random motion is used to create energy and intensity, particularly in an action scene. Think of The
Bourne Identity, in which the camera bounces around so quickly that the subject of the scene isn’t
even always framed in the shot.

While random motion can be effective in creating a sense of disorientation, sometimes it can
be too effective, leaving viewers dizzy and confused.