Hegel believed that what is rational is real, and what is real is rational.

This is
his rational structure of the Absolute, and must be regarded in conjunction
with his idea that the Absolute must be seen as pure Thought, Spirit, or Mind,
in a process of self-development, governed by the logic of dialectic.

Pestalozzi Early nineteenth century, post-Napoleonic period and beginnings of

industrialism.
Develop the human being’s moral, mental, and physical powers
harmoniously; use sense perception- purpose of education
Similar to Rousseau, Pestalozzi centered learning on natural principles and
stressed the importance of human emotions. Unlike Rousseau, however,
Pestalozzi used group instruction rather than individual tutoring or home
schooling.

Froebel Develop the latent spiritual essence of the child in a prepared

environment

Herbart Develop many-sided interests and moral character

PIONEE Purpose of Curriculum Methods of Role of the Significance Influence

R Education Instruction Teacher on Today’s
Schools
Pestalozzi Develop the Object lessons; Reliance on Acts as a loving Devised on Schooling
human being’s form, sensation; object facilitator educational based on
moral, mental, number, sound lessons; simple of learning by method that emotional
and physical to complex; near creating a changed security and
powers to far; homelike school instruction in object
harmoniously; concrete to environment; elementary learning
use abstract skilled in using schools
sense the
perception in special method
forming
clear ideas
Froebel Develop the Songs, stories, Self-activity; Facilitates Created the Preschools
latent spiritual games, gifts, play; imitation children’s growth kindergarten, designed to
essence of the occupations a special early liberate
child in a childhood the child’s
prepared learning creativity
environment environment
Herbart Develop many- Academic and Systematic A well-prepared Devised an Teacher
sided humanistic organization of professional education preparation
interests and studies, instruction: who follows the method that based
moral character especially preparation, prescribed stressed on a
history presentation, sequence in sequential prescribed
and literature association, teaching organization method
generalization, of instruction and entry of
application and moral history and
character literature into
development curriculum as
a moral core