© SABS.

This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr in accordance with copyright exploitation agreement no. , valid until 2022-03-31. The single-site licence allows The South African Council for the
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ISBN 978-0-626-27243-2
SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Fire performance classification of thermal

insulated building envelope systems

Published by SABS Standards Division

1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001
Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568
www.sabs.co.za
© SABS

This product is copyrighted by SABS, 1 Dr Lategan Road, Groenkloof, 0181, South Africa. All rights reserved.
 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
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Architectural Pr to make five (5) printouts of the standard and will expire after one year unless renewed.

SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

Table of changes
Change No. Date Scope

Foreword
This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 21F, Fire safety – Fire
properties, testing and classification for buildings, in accordance with procedures of the SABS
Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement.

This document was published in August 2012.

This document supersedes SANS 428:2007 (edition 1.1).

A reference is made in 3.1 to "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the National
Building Regulations and Building Standards Act, 1977 (Act No. 103 of 1977) and the National
Building Regulations promulgated in terms of the Act.

A reference is made in 3.10 to “relevant national legislation”. In South Africa this means the National
Building Regulation(s).

Annex A forms an integral part of this document. Annexes B, C and D are for information only.

Introduction
This standard is intended to evaluate the product in its current application only and is not intended
to determine suitability for the end use of a product in any other applications, especially if the
building design does not comply with the fire safety requirements contemplated in the National
Building Regulations.

The requirements of this standard reflect tests and practices used to examine the characteristics of
under-roof and side-cladding insulating materials, liners, insulated wall and roof panels, insulated
ceilings and insulated wall and ceiling coating systems for use in buildings over a period of many
years. The results of the tests conducted under controlled conditions required by this standard are
not intended to be used to describe or appraise performance under actual fire conditions as these
might vary widely.

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 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

Contents
Page

Foreword

Introduction

1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................... 3

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................. 3

3 Definitions .............................................................................................................................. 4

4 Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 6

5 Marking and installation instructions ...................................................................................... 9

6 Test report .............................................................................................................................. 10

Annex A (normative) Symbolic classification of materials ..................................................... 11

Annex B (informative) Testing flow diagram ............................................................................ 15

Annex C (informative) Quality management systems .............................................................. 16

Annex D (informative) Notes to approval authority .................................................................. 17

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. 18

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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

Fire performance classification of thermal insulated building

envelope systems

1 Scope
1.1 This standard covers the classification, usage and application requirements for under-roof and
side-cladding insulating materials, liners, insulated wall and roof panels, insulated ceilings and
insulated wall and ceiling coating systems for use in buildings of unlimited height when exposed to
an ignition source.

1.2 It does not cover fire resistance properties of products.

NOTE Fire resistance properties are covered in SANS 10177-2.

1.3 It does not cover the surface fire index for internal finishes.
NOTE Requirements and internal finishes are covered in SANS 10400 and SANS 10177-3.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Information on currently valid national
and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division.

BS 5803-4, Thermal insulation for use in pitched roof spaces in dwellings – Part 4: Methods for
determining flammability and resistance to smouldering.

SANS 204, Energy efficiency in buildings.

SANS 10177-2, Fire testing of materials, components and elements used in buildings – Part 2: Fire
resistance test for building elements.

SANS 10177-5, Fire testing of materials, components and elements used in buildings – Part 5: Non-
combustibility at 750 °C of building materials.

SANS 10177-10, Fire testing of materials, components and elements used in buildings – Part 10:
Surface burning characteristics of building materials using the inverted channel tunnel test.

SANS 10177-11, Fire testing of materials, components and elements used in buildings – Part 11:
Large-scale fire performance evaluation of building envelope thermal insulation systems (with or
without sprinklers).

SANS 10400-A, The application of the National Building Regulations – Part A: General principles
and requirements.

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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

SANS 10400-T, The application of the National Building Regulations – Part T: Fire protection.

3 Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.

3.1
acceptable
acceptable to the authority administering this standard, but also acceptable in relation to the
requirements of the relevant national legislation (see foreword)

3.2
approving authority
any local authority that has jurisdiction, or an independent body or organization appointed by the
local authority that has jurisdiction

3.3
building envelope
external walls and roofs, including insulation material, components and elements used for ceilings
and for under-roof and side cladding in buildings

3.4
ceiling
upper interior surface of a room or similar compartment, which includes all materials that comprise
such surface, for example, insulation

3.5
coated system
coating that is installed over adjoining wall and roof and ceiling surfaces

3.6
combustible
capable of or used for burning, as determined in accordance with SANS 10177-5

3.7
composite insulation
product made from two or more layers of insulation, in which each layer of insulation is bonded to
the adjacent layer(s)

3.8
composite panel
panel from two or more different materials deriving its performance from a combination of the
properties of the individual materials, e.g. metal, plywood, particle board and insulation material

3.9
faced
functional or decorative surface material, eg. paper, plastic film, fabric or metal foil

3.10
fire performance classification
system by which thermal insulation material is classified in respect of its performance in a fire in
order to enable building designers to select thermal insulation material in accordance with the
relevant national legislation(see foreword) applicable to fire safety

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 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

3.11
fire resistance
shortest period for which a building insulation element or component will comply with the
requirements for stability and integrity when tested in accordance with SANS 10177-2

3.12
insulated ceiling
ceiling that is insulated to prevent heat transfer to or from the outside or roof space above it, and
which does not form part of the roof

3.13
insulated roof panel
panel that is insulated to prevent heat transfer to or from the outside, and which forms part of the
roof or ceiling surface

3.14
insulated wall panel
panel that is insulated to prevent heat transfer to or from the outside, and which forms part of the
wall with a finished surface

3.15
laminate
combination of two or more materials that are bonded together during manufacture to produce a
single item or product

3.16
loose fill insulation
granules, nodules, beads, powder, or similar forms of insulation material designed to be installed
manually or with pneumatic equipment

3.17
loose lay
combination of two layers of a specific insulation material not laminated together

3.18
non-combustible
that does not burn under the conditions determined in accordance with SANS 10177-5

NOTE Non-combustibility does not imply that the material has good fire resistance properties, or vice versa,
nor does it imply that such material will not burn under any other conditions.

3.19
roof assembly
building cover and its supporting structure, including any ceiling attached to such structure and
including any additional components, such as insulation (panels, laminates and blankets)

3.20
sandwich panel
product made from two or more layers of insulation, in which each layer of insulation is bonded to
the adjacent layer(s)

3.21
spray insulation
type of insulation formed by spraying fine fibrous material on to a surface previously covered with an
adhesive; also by simultaneously spraying a chemical component and a foaming agent or insulation
material applied to a surface by spraying and forming a firm surface

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 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

3.22
suspended ceiling
ceiling supported on a system of hangers

3.23
undertile membrane
flexible membrane fitted between the roof support structure and the battens

3.24
under-roof and side-cladding insulating material
insulating panel, blankets loose fill or foil laminate or composite that are installed to the inside of the
external cladding or building envelope or overlays a suspended ceiling

4 Requirements
4.1 General

4.1.1 Determine the non-combustibility of all materials in accordance with SANS 10177-5.

4.1.2 If any homogenous insulation, insulation panel or lining used as a thermal insulation system
or under an external covering as part of a roof or wall assembly (thermal insulated building
envelope), tested in accordance with SANS 10177-5 and found to be non-combustible, the
performance classification shall be in accordance with annex A.

4.1.3 If any non-homogenous insulation, insulation panel or lining used as a thermal insulation
system or under an external covering as part of a roof or wall assembly (thermal insulated building
envelope), tested in accordance with SANS 10177-5 and found to be non-combustible, the
performance classification shall be in accordance with annex A.

4.1.4 If tested in accordance with SANS 10177-5 and found to be combustible, the non
homogeneous insulation shall be acceptable if tested and classified in terms of the protocol, for its
use and application, to determine suitability. The performance classification shall be in accordance
with annex A.

4.1.5 All the relevant components of system shall be evaluated and included in the specimen that
are tested.

NOTE The performance of the under-roof and side-cladding insulating materials, insulated wall and roof
panels, insulated ceilings and insulated wall and ceiling coating systems, depends in part on the fasteners,
adhesives or any other accessories used in their installation and the substrate under which or over which they
are installed.

4.1.6 Exterior roof panels and other roofing and side-cladding materials covered by this standard
shall comply with the non-combustibility requirements and all the other requirements that might be
relevant to the use of these materials in terms of the relevant part of SANS 10400 or any other
applicable national or international standard.

4.1.7 Formulation changes which might alter the fire properties of the previously tested product,
shall be re-evaluated for compliance of the product with all the requirements of this standard.

4.1.8 Any new, modified or alternative designs of the insulation system, joint geometries, support,
use or fixing details of the under-roof and side-cladding insulating material system, insulated wall
and roof panel system, insulated ceiling system and insulated wall and ceiling coating systems for
use in buildings, shall be subject to testing in accordance with SANS 10177-10 (see also annex B).

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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

4.1.9 Insulation, composite insulation products and composite panels shall be tested with the
maximum core or insulation thickness as given in SANS 204.

4.1.10 The classification shall apply to material thicknesses equal or less than the thickness as
indicated in the test report.

4.2 Materials and application

4.2.1 Under-roof and side-cladding insulation

4.2.1.1 Under-roof and side-cladding insulation used as interior insulation materials may include but
not limited to the following products:

a) faced or unfaced factory-fabricated thermoplastic foamed boards;

b) faced or unfaced factory-fabricated thermoset (rigid) foamed boards;

c) faced or unfaced mineral fibreboards or blankets;

d) faced or unfaced polymeric fibreboards or blankets;

e) faced or unfaced natural fibreboards or blankets;

f) reinforced or unreinforced foil laminates;

g) reinforced or unreinforced polymeric laminates;

h) single or double-sided bubble foil insulation;

i) blown insulaton;

j) loose laid thermal insulation on ceilings; and

k) spray insulation.

4.2.1.2 The insulation materials are secured, in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements,
to the structural framework of the building between the non-combustible external roofing and side-
cladding material. The main function of the insulation material is to reduce the transmission of heat
or sound (or both) through the roof and walls, and to provide an acceptable finish to the inside of the
building. The insulation material is not intended as a fire barrier, unless designed as such and
tested for compliance with SANS 10177-2.

4.2.2 Insulated wall and roof panels

Insulated wall, roof panels and sandwich panel shall not be used as fire barriers, unless designed
as such and tested for compliance with SANS 10177-2, or unless the panels are used as a load-
bearing element.

NOTE Insulated wall, roof panels and sandwich panel are supplied in the form of factory-fabricated panels,
which are connected to one another and to the substrate with various types of closures and joint treatments.
The insulated panels consist of an insulating core material (usually rigid plastic foam or mineral fibre batts)
faced or enclosed externally with profiled galvanized or coated metal sheeting and internally with metal,
aluminium foil laminate, gypsum wallboard or reinforced cementitious building boards. The insulated panels are
secured to the structural framework of the building or sometimes even designed as load-bearing members for
small structures. The insulated panels are installed to reduce heat transmission through the roof or ceiling (or
both) and the walls and to protect the structure and its contents from the weather.

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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

4.2.3 Pitched roof configuration

Combustible insulation materials used in occupancies E4, H3, H4 and H5 as under tile or under roof
linings shall be tested only in accordance with SANS 10177-10 and classified accordingly (see
annexes A and B). Insulation installed on top of ceilings shall be tested in accordance with
BS 5803-4 and SANS 10177-10.

4.2.4 Insulated ceilings

4.2.4.1 Insulated ceilings may include the following applications:

a) faced or unfaced combustible or non-combustible insulated ceiling panels, including the support
system;

b) loose-fill insulation (combustible or non-combustible) above a non-combustible ceiling, including

the support system as would be the case in practice; and

c) loose-lay insulation (combustible or non-combustible) above a non-combustible ceiling, including

the support system as would be the case in practice.

NOTE Loose-fill or loose-lay insulating systems include materials such as cellulose that is treated with fire
retardant, mineral, glass and polymer fibre or blankets. These materials are applied over un-insulated ceilings
to prevent heat transfer to or from the outside through un-insulated roofs or partly insulated roofs. The ceilings
could be combustible or non-combustible depending on the respective application or use.

4.2.4.2 Ceiling systems shall not be used as fire barriers unless designed as such and tested for
compliance with SANS 10177-2 for the respective intended use. Interior insulated ceiling systems
shall be tested with the maximum thickness of insulation and be representative of the intended
usage and installed as would be the case in practice.

NOTE Interior finish systems usually consist of gypsum and cementitious boards (un-insulated), and
combustible or non-combustible insulated fibreboards or panels. Boards are normally fitted mechanically to
laths (combustible or non-combustible) that are fitted to the building structure and panels fitted in a metal
support grid suspended from the building.

4.2.4.3 Insulated ceilings shall be tested for compliance in accordance with BS 5803-4 and
SANS 10177-10 and classified accordingly (see annexes A and B).

4.2.5 Insulated wall and roof coated systems

4.2.5.1 Insulated wall and roof coated systems for use over combustible substrates shall be limited
to low risk areas or classifications where no limitations are present in terms of the relevant parts of
SANS 10400.

4.2.5.2 Wall and roof (ceiling) systems shall be tested at the minimum coating thickness and the
maximum insulation thickness over the most critical substrate for which approval is sought.

4.2.5.3 The roof coating systems shall include cellulose that is treated with fire retardant, mineral
fibre or glass fibre insulations and intumescent paints and mastics for interior finishes for insulation
purposes to reduce heat or sound transmission through the wall or roof (ceiling) assembly. They
shall be applied over combustible or non-combustible substrata by trowel, brush spray or roller, by
licensed installers approved by the manufacturer. The protection afforded by these coatings to
combustible substrates shall be proportional to the thickness of the application. It shall not serve as
fire protection unless tested for suitability in accordance with SANS 10177-2.

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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

4.3 Performance
NOTE See annex C for the quality management systems.

4.3.1 Combustibility

4.3.1.1 All under-tile, under-roof or side-cladding insulating materials or systems (or both),
insulated wall and roof panel systems, insulated ceiling systems and insulated wall and ceiling
coating systems shall be classified in accordance with their combustibility characteristics (see
annex A).

4.3.1.2 When these materials and systems (see 4.3.1.1) are tested for compliance with
SANS 10177-5, they shall be classified as being combustible or non-combustible (see also
annex A).

4.3.2 Surface burning characteristics

All under-roof and side-cladding insulating material systems, insulated wall and roof panel systems,
insulated ceiling systems and insulated wall and ceiling coating systems shall be tested in
accordance with SANS 10177-10 to determine the respective surface burning characteristics and
classification of the material or system.

4.3.3 Large-scale application evaluation

In any building that is not a building classified as E4, H3, H4, and H5 under-roof and side-cladding
insulating material systems, insulated wall and roof panel systems, and insulated wall and ceiling
coating systems shall be evaluated for resistance to large-scale fires in accordance with
SANS 10177-11 to confirm the respective application and use of the insulation system.

Should it be required, suitability of the system can be evaluated with or without a sprinkler
installation.

4.3.4 Classification and use

After being tested and evaluated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1 to 4.3.3 (inclusive) as
relevant, the materials shall be classified in accordance with the requirements of annex A.

NOTE The approving authority should take cognizance of the notes contained in annex D.

5 Marking and installation instructions

5.1 Marking
Each product or system tested shall bear the manufacturer's name and product identification,
classification, use and application.

5.2 Installation instructions

5.2.1 The manufacturer shall provide printed instructions for installation or application (or both),
detailing the necessary procedures for installation or application (or both) to be followed by the
installers.

5.2.2 Products shall be installed in the relevant occupancy classification as per the requirements of
annex A.

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Edition 2

5.2.3 No combustible materials shall be permitted in the ceilings or walls (or both) in occupancies
classified as A1, E1, E2, E3, H1 and H2.

5.2.3 Installation of insulation around electrical cables, built-in appliances, flues and other electrical
equipment shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. A clearance of no less
than 150 mm, and which complies with local building regulations, shall be provided around the
outer-skin of any flue.

NOTE Before insulating around electrical equipment and built-in electrical appliances check with the
manufacturer’s specifications to gain assurances that their safe operation will not be jeopardized by placing
thermal insulation around these products.

5.2.4 Where possible the electrical cable and wiring should be placed above the insulation.

5.2.5 Insulation shall not be installed over or around recessed light fittings such as down lights
mounted in a ceiling and transformers. Leave sufficient clearance around their perimeters free of
insulation to allow heat generated by the light fitting to dissipate. Where thermal insulation is of a
type that is not fixed in position, a barrier or guard constructed of fire-resistant material shall be
provided and secured in position to maintain the necessary clearance.

NOTE For transformers it is recommended that they are fitted to the top of the truss free of the insulation.
Where the manufacturer’s installation instructions specifying required clearances are not available, the
luminaire shall be installed within a suitable fire-resistant enclosure or provision of required clearances from
combustible and thermal insulating material as specified by the manufacturer of the luminaire.

6 Test report
The test report shall include the following essential information:

a) name and address of testing laboratory;

b) name and address of sponsor of test;

c) the name of the manufacturer or supplier;

d) date(s) of each test(s);

e) a full description of the test specimen, including its composition or generic identification and
thickness;

f) product name or product code (product identification);

g) type of materials or materials used (composites);

h) proposed use of the materials;

i) fire performance classification of material tested for horizontal application;

j) fire performance classification of material tested for vertical application; and

k) fire performance classification of materials tested with or without sprinklers (SP or USP).

10

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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

Annex A
(normative)

Symbolic classification of materials

A.1 Combustibility as determined in accordance with SANS 10177-5

The symbols given in tables A.1, A.2 and A3 shall be used to indicate combustibility and surface fire
properties.

Table A.1 — Combustibility classes

1 2

Class Combustibility

A Non-combustible

B Combustible

Materials used in the construction and finishing of buildings or structures are classified as non-
combustible or combustible according to their behaviour in the non-combustibility test.

A.2 Surface fire properties

Table A. 2 — Symbolic classification of non-combustible
materials as determined in accordance with SANS 10177-10

1 2 3

Surface fire properties

a
Small-scale application
Classification
Flame spread from back wall or Behaviour of material
downstand
mm
< 2 000 No flame spread A1
Low flame spread (no flaming droplets or
A2
burning brand)
< 3 000
Low flame spread (with flaming droplets or
A3
burning brand)
Average flame spread (no flaming droplets or
A4
burning brand)
< 4 000
Average flame spread (with flaming droplets or
A5
burning brand)
> 4 000 Rapid fire spread A6

a When determined in accordance with SANS 10177-10.

11

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Table A.3 — Symbolic classification of combustible materials as determined in

accordance with SANS 10177-10 and SANS 10177-11

1 2 3 4
Surface fire properties
Small-scale Large-scale
a b
application application Classification
Behaviour of material
Flame height from fire source
mm
< 2 000 < 4 000 No flame spread B1
Low flame spread (no flaming droplets or
B2
burning brand)
< 3 000 < 6 000
Low flame spread (with flaming droplets or
B3
burning brand)
Average flame spread (no flaming droplets or
B4
burning brand)
< 4 000 < 8 000
Average flame spread (with flaming droplets or
B5
burning brand)
> 4 000 > 8 000 Rapid fire spread B6
a
When determined in accordance with SANS 10177-10.
b
When determined in accordance with SANS 10177-11.

A.3 Use of materials

A.3.1 The symbols given in table A.4 shall be used to indicate the designated use of materials
(see also SANS 10400-A for occupancy classifications).

12

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Table A.4 — Limitations on the use of materials

1 2 3
Use identification for single and
Type of occupancy Occupancy class
double storey buildings
Entertainment and public assembly A1 1
Theatrical and indoor sport A2 2
Place of instruction A3 2
Worship A4 2
Outdoor sport A5 4
High risk commercial service B1 2
Moderate risk commercial service B2 2
Low risk commercial service B3 3
Exhibition hall C1 2
Museum C2 2
High risk industrial D1 2
Moderate risk industrial D2 2
Low risk industrial D3 3
Plant room D4 1
Place of detention E1 1
Hospital E2 1
Other institutional (residential) E3 1
Medical facilities E4 2
Large shop F1 3
Small shop F2 3
Wholesaler’s store F3 3
Office G1 3
Hotel H1 1
Dormitory H2 1
Domestic residence H3 3
Detached dwelling house H4 3
Hospitality H5 3
High risk storage J1 2
Moderate risk storage J2 2
Low risk storage J3 3
Parking garage J4 4

A.3.2 The classification as listed implies that products with equal or better classifications are also
suitable. Classification listed is for both sprinklered and un-sprinklered buildings, with the proviso
that the product has been successfully evaluated as suitable for use with sprinklers. For buildings of
more than two storeys all roof/ceiling constructions shall be non-combustible.

A.3.3 For vertical non-encapsulated insulation the suitability of the product is determined as being
acceptable or non-acceptable, and would be classified separately.

13

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 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
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SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

The suitability of products in terms of their ability to propagate smouldering combustion is

determined as being acceptable or non-acceptable, and would be classified separately.

A.4 Application of materials

The symbols given in table A.5 shall be used to indicate the designated application of materials.

Table A.5 — Symbolic application identification of materials

1 2
Application identification Description of permissible application
H Horizontal (under-roof) only
V Vertical (side cladding)
H&V Horizontal and vertical

A.5 Sprinkler testing

When tested with or without sprinklers the classification shall reflect this.

SP – Protected by a sprinkler system

USP – Not protected by a sprinkler system

A.6 Example of product identification

A product shall be identified as follows:

a) combustibility/surface fire properties/use/application/with or without sprinklers;

b) A/A1/1 (No limitations), or

c) B/B1/2/H&V (USP)

1 2 3 4 5
Combustibility Surface fire properties Use identification Application With or without
Table A.1 Table A.2 and A.3 Table A.4 Table A.5 sprinklers
A A1 1
No limitations SP – Protected by a
Non-combustible No flame spread No limitations
sprinkler system or
H - Horizontal or
B B1 2 USP – Not protected by
V - Vertical or
Combustible No flame spread Class of occupancy a sprinkler system
H&V - both

14

This product is copyrighted by SABS, 1 Dr Lategan Road, Groenkloof, 0181, South Africa. All rights reserved.
 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr in accordance with copyright exploitation agreement no. , valid until 2022-03-31. The single-site licence allows The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr to make five (5) printouts of the standard and will expire after one year unless renewed.

SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

Annex B
(informative)

Testing flow diagram

Figure B.1 — Testing flow diagram

15

This product is copyrighted by SABS, 1 Dr Lategan Road, Groenkloof, 0181, South Africa. All rights reserved.
 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr in accordance with copyright exploitation agreement no. , valid until 2022-03-31. The single-site licence allows The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr to make five (5) printouts of the standard and will expire after one year unless renewed.

SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

Annex C
(informative)

Quality management systems

C.1 General
C.1.1 A quality control programme should ensure that subsequent under-roof and side-cladding
insulating material systems, insulated wall and roof panel systems, insulated ceiling systems and
insulated wall and ceiling coating systems produced by the manufacturer, exhibit the same quality
and reliability as the specific samples examined. Design quality, conformance to design, and
performance are the areas of primary concern.

C.1.2 Design quality should be determined during the examination and by testing.

C.1.3 Conformance to design should be verified by control of quality in the following areas:
a) corporate quality control guidelines;

b) declaration of good performance (incoming assurance), including testing;

c) in-process assurance, including testing;

d) final inspection and testing;

e) equipment calibration;

f) control of drawings and any changes thereto;

g) packaging and shipping; and

h) handling of discrepant materials.

C.1.4 Quality of performance should be determined by field performance and by re-examination.

C.1.5 The manufacturer should establish a system of product configuration control to prevent
unauthorized changes, including, as appropriate,

a) changes to engineering drawings;

b) engineering change requests; and

c) changes in engineering orders.

C.1.6 The recommendations in C.1.1 to C.1.5 (inclusive) should be executed in conformance with
a written policy and detailed procedures. Records of all revisions, changes in formulations and other
appropriate details to all acceptable products should be filed.

C.1.7 The manufacturer should assign an appropriate person or group to be responsible to obtain
authorization for all changes applicable to acceptable products. All product changes should be
reported in a standardized format.

16

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 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr in accordance with copyright exploitation agreement no. , valid until 2022-03-31. The single-site licence allows The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr to make five (5) printouts of the standard and will expire after one year unless renewed.

SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

C.2 Facilities and production procedures audit

C.2.1 An inspection of the product manufacturing facility should be part of the approval
investigation. Its purpose should be to determine that equipment, procedures, and the
manufacturer's controls are properly maintained to produce a product of the same quality as initially
tested.

C.2.2 Unannounced follow-up inspections should be conducted to ensure continued quality control
and product uniformity.

Annex D
(informative)

Notes to approval authority

D.1 Basis for approval

Approval should be based upon the satisfactory evaluation of the product and the manufacturer, as
follows:

a) examination and testing of the product samples in order to evaluate

1) the suitability of the product for its intended use,

2) the performance of the product in terms of this standard, and

3) the durability and reliability of the product;

b) examination of the manufacturing facilities;

c) audit of the quality control procedures to evaluate the manufacturer’s ability to produce the
product which has been examined and tested; and

d) the marking procedures and classification used to identify the product.

D.2 Routine approval control

Routine approval should be based upon the following:

a) production or availability of the product as currently approved;

b) the continued use of acceptable quality control procedures;

c) satisfactory field experience;

d) compliance with the terms stipulated in the approval agreement; and

e) re-examination of product samples for continued conformity to requirements.

17

This product is copyrighted by SABS, 1 Dr Lategan Road, Groenkloof, 0181, South Africa. All rights reserved.
 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr in accordance with copyright exploitation agreement no. , valid until 2022-03-31. The single-site licence allows The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr to make five (5) printouts of the standard and will expire after one year unless renewed.

SANS 428:2012
Edition 2

Bibliography
FM 4880, Approval standard for class 1 fire rating of insulated wall or wall and roof/ceiling panels,
interior finish materials or coatings, and exterior wall systems.

SANS 9229/ISO 9229, Thermal insulation – Vocabulary.

SANS 10177-1, Fire testing of materials, components and elements used in buildings – Part 1:
General introduction to the methods of test.

© SABS

18

This product is copyrighted by SABS, 1 Dr Lategan Road, Groenkloof, 0181, South Africa. All rights reserved.
 © SABS. This standard may reside on internal network or intranet on a Single Site only and is exclusively available to The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr in accordance with copyright exploitation agreement no. , valid until 2022-03-31. The single-site licence allows The South African Council for the
Architectural Pr to make five (5) printouts of the standard and will expire after one year unless renewed.

SABS – Standards Division

The objective of the SABS Standards Division is to develop, promote and maintain South African
National Standards. This objective is incorporated in the Standards Act, 2008 (Act No. 8 of 2008).

Amendments and Revisions

South African National Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of South African
National Standards should ensure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.

The SABS continuously strives to improve the quality of its products and services and would
therefore be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this standard would
inform the secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found in
the foreword.
Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6666 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928

The SABS offers an individual notification service, which ensures that subscribers automatically
receive notification regarding amendments and revisions to South African National Standards.
Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6883 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: sales@sabs.co.za

Buying Standards

Contact the Sales Office for South African and international standards, which are available in both
electronic and hardcopy format.
Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6883 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: sales@sabs.co.za
South African National Standards are also available online from the SABS website
http://www.sabs.co.za

Information on Standards

The Standards Information Centre provides a wide range of standards-related information on both
national and international standards, and is the official WTO/TBT enquiry point for South Africa. The
Centre also offers an individual updating service called INFOPLUS, which ensures that subscribers
automatically receive notification regarding amendments to, and revisions of, international
standards.
Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6666 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: info@sabs.co.za

Copyright

The copyright in a South African National Standard or any other publication published by the SABS
Standards Division vests in the SABS. Unless exemption has been granted, no extract may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written permission from the SABS Standards Division. This does not preclude the free use, in the
course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade
designations. If these details are to be used for any purpose other than implementation, prior written
permission must be obtained.

Details and advice can be obtained from the Senior Manager.

Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6666 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: info@sabs.co.za

This product is copyrighted by SABS, 1 Dr Lategan Road, Groenkloof, 0181, South Africa. All rights reserved.