Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
region ||| - central Luzon
Tarlac City Scholl Division
FIRST TARLAC TECHNOLOGY ,INC

APPROVAL SHEET
This research of ALDRIN C RIGOR.entitled “CYBERBULLYING: AN IN-
DEPTH ANALYSIS O ITS PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS,” which is prepared and
submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the subject Practical Research I, is
hereby accepted.

RESEARCH COMMITTEE

REY RIGOR
Panel Member

1
CYBERBULLYING: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS O IT’S PSYCHOLOGICAL
EFFECTS

A Research Presented to
The Faculty of Senior High School Department
First Tarlac Technology INC
Tarlac City

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 1

ALDRIN C RIGOR
(11 Humanities and social sciences)

MAY 03 2021

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This study was not going to be possible without the help of our practical research
1 teacher Mrs. Magdalena B. Dasco, thank you for providing us the skills and knowledge
to start and to finish this study, and also we would like to thank you for accommodating
us not only our group but also the whole senior high student of San Manuel, we
appreciate your great effort and dedications. Without the knowledge that we obtain from
you this research will not be victorious.

And to our adviser Sir Richman N. Hernandez, thank you for the effort in
correcting our research paper the whole Humss was very blessed to have you, also thank
you for sharing your knowledge for the supplementary of this research.

We, the researchers would also like to thank our parents for supporting us not
only financially but also emotionally without you we cannot finished this, to all the
people who help us to complete the whole research thank you. Nobody has been more
important to us in the pursuit of this project than the members of our family. We would
like to thank our parents, whose love and guidance are with us in whatever we pursue.
They are the ultimate role models

To our respondent, keep achieving, stay low-key and do your best.

We would also like to thank ourselves for the great outcome of our research study, all the
hardship and deprivation was worthless to see our research done awesomely good.

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 DEDICATION

The researchers dedicate this study to their family who supported them in this
research study, for the teachers who help them to make the final output a reliable source
for the future researchers, and to the future researchers who can use this study as a guide
or reference for an excellent finding.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL SHEET …….…………………………………………………….………1

TITLE PAGE …………………………………………………………………..………2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………...…..………..3
DEDICATION………………………………………………………………...………..4
TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………........5

Chapter

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction………………………………………………….....................7
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………....….9
Significance of the Study……....…………………………...…..………..10
Scope and Delimitation of the Study…….......……………………….…11
Definition of Terms…………………………………………...................12

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign literature.......................................................….........................13
Local literature ……………………………………………..........…..…..14
Foreign studies………………..........………………………....................15
Local studies.......………..........…………………………….……….…...17
Synthesis of Related Studies………………………………….…….…....18

3 METHODS OF STUDY AND SOURCES OF DATA

Research Design……………………………………………………...........……..19
Data-Gathering Instruments…………………………………..............................19
Data-Gathering Procedure……………………………………………...........…..20

4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Introduction………………………………………………........................21
Demographic data of the respondent........................................................21

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 Research Findings………………………………………………………..21
Research Analysis………..…………………………….………………...23

5 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Introduction……………………………………………………...…….…25
Summary of Research……………………………………………....……25
Discussion and Interpretations of Findings…………………………...…26
Conclusion………..…………...………………….……….............….….27
Recommendations for Further Research……………………………...…28

BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………….......…....…….29

APPENDICES

A. Interview Guide………………………………………………….......................…….31

CURRICULUM VITAE………………………………………………………………..32

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 Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Bullying is repeated aggressive behavior that can be physical or verbal. There are
bullies are often relentless, bullying over and over again to show them that they should be
feared. A person who is suffering from bullying always experiencing the following being
helpless, humiliated, depressed or even suicidal. Bullying is no longer-limited to
schoolyard or street corners. With the use of smart phones, laptop, emails, or text.
Bullying can occur anywhere with these kind of mediums. Bullying that is related to
technology is called cyberbullying.

Many people use social media to communicate to their love one. And also it
makes the world function easier. But not all has a good effect. Cyberbullying is a practice
where an individual or group uses the Internet to ridicule, harass or harm another person.
The social and emotional harm inflicted by cyberbullies grows out of - or leads to -
physical bullying in the offline world.

Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place over digital devices like cell phones,
computers, and tablets. Cyberbullying can occur through SMS, Text, and apps, or online
in social media, forums, or gaming where people can view, participate in, or share
content. Cyberbullying includes sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or
mean content about someone else. It can include sharing personal or private information
about someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation. Some cyberbullying Crosse
Cyberbullying is different from traditional bullying due to the anonymity that the Internet
can provide.

Cyberbullies do not have to own their actions due to the anonymity and
cyberbullying is often outside of the legal reach of schools and school boards since it
often happens outside of the school (Belsey, 2008). According to Willard (2009), there
are different forms of cyberbullying. These forms include flaming, harassment,

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denigration, impersonation, outing, trickery, exclusion, cyberstalking, and cyber threats.
The line into unlawful or criminal behavior.

Disclose personal information, or contains offensive, vulgar or derogatory

comments: (p.66). While this outlined the form of the language, it did not define the tools
that were used for engagement or how it differs from traditional bullying.

Harman (2017) said that in the field of health sciences, there are many definitions
have been suggested for cyber bullying.

Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place over digital devices like cell phones,
computers, and tablets. Cyberbullying can occur through SMS, Text, and apps, or online
in social media, forums, or gaming where people can view, participate in, or share
content. Cyberbullying includes sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or
mean content about someone else. It can include sharing personal or private information
about someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation. Some cyberbullying crosses
the line into unlawful or criminal behavior.

Cyberbullying becomes worldwide problems for teens. The abusive use of

technologies leads to a horrible nightmare , this is what this study will tackle.

San Manuel High School, being under K to 12 Curriculum, follows the prescribed
mission of the Department of Education wherein every Filipino has the right to quality,
equitable, culture-based and complete basic education. Where, students learned in a child
friendly, safe, gender-sensitive, and motivating environment. However, the researcher,
being a student themselves and a social media user, observed the students who
experienced cyberbullying have low self-esteem or confidence, as much as it affects their
socializing episodes in the internet and on the real world. This study seeks to understand
the beliefs and behaviors of cyber victims, bystanders and cyberbullies during and after
the cyberbullying incident.

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Statement of the problem

This study aims to seek the effects of cyberbullying in the psychological aspect
of an individual. Internet becomes widely used, as the social media becomes dominant
online the number of cases of cyberbullying increases. Specifically, it answers the
following questions.

1.What type of cyberbullying did the respondent experience?

2.What are the psychological effects of cyberbullying?

3.What is/are the coping mechanism/s employed by the respondent

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.

This study aims to know the feelings and reaction of the victim who experienced
cyber bullying. Internet becomes widely used, as the social media becomes dominant
online the number of cases of cyber bullying increases.

The findings of the study will be beneficial to the following:

To the Curriculum Designers. The findings of the study will provide them
bases enhancing the present curriculum specifically the integration of intervention plans
to lessen or minimize cyberbullying. It will aid them in developing a curriculum that has
suitable to the learners needs and learning preferences.

To the School Administrators. They will be provided data that will serve as
bases in designing school programs that will give them an idea for what are the beliefs
and opinions of the students on cyberbullying. Furthermore, the study will help them in
planning for seminars and in services training for the values teachers and guidance
counselor.

To the Teacher. It will help them in improving their classroom instructions, and
in developing strategies and techniques that will enhance not only student' socialization
skills, but also their perception about cyberbullying.

To the students. The results to be found out will develop their performance in
socialization, and it will lessen the problems that they encounter in comprehending and
analyzing cyberbullying assurances.

To the parents. This study may be of great values as they become aware of
their role as partner of teachers and school administrators in supporting the needs of their
child and in monitoring their progress in school.

To the future researcher. This study will provide them with additional
information and knowledge that may help them in doing their own researcher. This may
help serve as a reference or a basis for new study.

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SCOPE AND DELIMITATION.

This study aims to know the feelings and reaction of the victim who experienced cyber
bullying. The respondent age is 18 years old.

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 Definition of terms.

Anger- It is a strong feeling of annoyance, displeasure, or hostility (Webster). In

the current study, is used as a term to define the feeling of the one person that will
going to be the respondent.

Anxiety- It is a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an

imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome.

Bullying- Is the use of force, coercion, or threat, to abuse, aggressively dominate

or intimidate.

Bystanders- It is the person who is present at an event or incident but does not
take part

Confidence- The feeling or belief that one can rely on someone or something;
firm trust.

Cyber harassment- Harassment done through the use of technologies.

Cyber victims- The victim of the cyberbullies.

Cyberbullies- The person who do bullying act on technologies.

Cyberbullying- Is a form of bullying or harassment using electronic means.

Depress- In a state of general unhappiness or despondency.

Physicalbullying- Can entail anything from pushing and shoving to kicking,

punching, fist fighting, being shot, being raped or being physically attacked by a
gang.

Self-esteem- It is a person’s sense of self-worth or personal value.

Suicide - Is the act of intentionally causing one's own death

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 Chapter II

REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Introduction

This chapter presents the related literature and studies after a search is done by the
researchers. This will also present the synthesis of the art, theoretical and conceptual
framework to fully understand the purpose of this study.

Foreign Literature

Cyber bullying affects people from any age or walk of life, including children,
teens and adults who all feel very distressed and alone when being bullied online. Cyber
bullying can make you feel totally overwhelmed which can result in many feeling
embarrassed that they are going through such a devastating time, and not knowing what
support is available to them. Many children feel unable to confide in an adult because
they feel ashamed and wonder whether they will be judged, told to ignore it or close their
account which they might not want to do.(family lives)

Cyberbullying also includes photos, messages, or pages that don't get taken down,
even after the person has been asked to do so. In other words, it's anything that gets
posted online and is meant to hurt, harass, or upset someone else.

Cyberbullying is defined as “willful and repeated harm inflicted through the use
of computers, cellphones, and other electronic devices” (Hinduja&Patchin, 2015 ).

Cyberbullying occurs “when someone repeatedly makes fun of another person

online or repeatedly picks on another person through e-mail or text message or when
someone posts something online about another person that they don’t like”
(Cyberbullying Research Center, 2016 ).

Cyberbullying is as an aggressive, intentional act distributed by an individual or

group, using contact in an electronic medium, continuously and relentlessly against
someone who cannot stand up for himself or herself easily (Smith et al., 2008 ).

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Local Literature

Cyber bullying is very similar to traditional bullying. Cyberbullying involves more

emotional and psychological harm. Cyber bullying can also lead to violence, if the cyber
bully decides to physically attack their victim. Cyber bullying has a broader audience;
anyone in the world can see the hateful messages left
by a bully. Cyber bullying can involve social networking sites, text messages, websites,
and emails. Humiliating messages and videos can spread fast and cause more harm.
There have been several killings and suicides due to cyber bullying. The most effective
method of prevention is education and awareness of cyber bullying. Several states have
different laws pertaining to cyber bullying. President Obama and First Lady Michelle
have made several press releases on the issue. The author conducted a survey about the
awareness of cyber bullying. Several graphs and tables are provided for
statistical analysis.

The culture of the cyber bullying in the Philippines by ASKonnie,

cyber bullying refer to minors while cyber harassment and cyber stalking for adults. The
three refers to a similar behavior that uses technology as medium to sow fear and strip the
victim of self-worth and dignity. Stalking though,has an offline component.
On Philippine context, media only refer to these as bullying, hopefully, when a law is
passed, the terms will be standardized. Likewise, bullies exist even before the cyber age,
the technological advancement just gave them another tool to step up the attack at the
same time remain anonymous.

According to the blog of Erick Marquez, the victims and impact cyberbullying has
caused how to prevent cyber bullying, and the laws in several states regarding cyber
bullying. Cyber bullying is very similar to traditional bullying. Cyberbullying involves
more emotional and psychological harm. Cyber bullying can also lead to violence, if the
cyber bully decides to physically attack their victim. Cyberbullying has a broader
audience; anyone in the world can see the hateful messages left by a bully. Cyber

14
bullying can involve social networking sites, text messages, websites, and emails.
Humiliating messages and videos can spread fast and cause more harm. There have been
several suicides due to the effect of cyber bullying. The most effective method of
prevention is seminar or proper guidance about the awareness of cyber bullying. The
author conducted a interview about the effect of cyber bullying. Several graphs and
tables are provided for statistic analysis. The culture of the cyber bullying in the
Philippines by ASKonnie, cyberbullying refer to minors while cyber harassment and
cyber stalking for adults. The three refers to a similar behavior that uses technology as
medium to sow fear and strip the victim of self-worth and dignity. Stalking
though, has an offline component. On Philippine context, media only refer to these
as bullying, hopefully, when a law is passed, the terms will be standardized. Likewise,
bullies exist even before the cyber age, the technological advancement just gave them
another tool to step up the attack at the same time remain anonymous.

Reyes (2010), Cyber bullying is a new form of bullying that follows students
from the hallways of their schools to the privacy of their homes. Many victims of
cyberbullying are bullied from the moment they wake up and check their cell phone or e-
mail, to the time they go to bed and shut off their computer or cell phone. According to
Takumi, The survey also said three out of 10 children

Reyes (2010), Cyber bullying is a new form of bullying that follows students from the
hallways of their schools to the privacy of their homes.

Foreign Studies

Bullying belongs to the family of aggressive behaviours, as it involves repeated

attacks, humiliation, or the exclusion of a person on behalf of one or more powerful
others. For the case of school bullying, these are mostly fellow pupils, who often reside
within the same class environment as the victim (Salmivalli, 2010). Bullying is a subtype
of aggressive behavior, in which an individual or a group of individuals repeatedly
attacks, humiliates, and/or excludes a relatively powerless person. The majority of studies
on the topic have been conducted in schools, focusing on bullying among children and
youth

15
 According to Livingstone, Haddon, Gorzig, &Ólaffson(2011),the permeation of
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has added a new computer-
mediated dimension to the traditional school bullying problem, which in relevant
literature is most often being referred to as cyberbullying. Compared to the mental harm
caused by victimization by any form of traditional school bullying, the digitally mediated
nature of cyberbullying may invoke a number of additional negative consequences for
those who become involved in it as a perpetrator or a victim. First, it can take place 24
hours a day and 7 days a week (including before- or after-school hours or during the
weekends) and thereby impede the cyber victim from finding a “bully-free” safe retreat.
Second, the networked nature of computer-mediated environments enables the content of
the online bullying episodes to spread virally in the online environment, thereby
involving a larger (theoretically endless) audience of bystanders than in traditional forms
of school bullying. Third, the fact that perpetrators and victims often do not find
themselves in the same physical setting has been associated with higher levels of
anonymous bullying, a decreased level of empathy, and heightened disinhibition to
victimize others (Brody &Vangelisti, 2014).

According to Carter Hay, Ryan Meldrum, Karen Mann Journal of Contemporary

Criminal Justice 26 (2), 130-147, 2010) Agnew’s general strain theory (GST) has
received significant empirical attention, but important issues remain unresolved. This
study addresses three such issues. First, the authors examine the effects of bullying—a
source of strain that may be consequential, but that has been neglected in GST research to
date. Second, drawing from recent research on deliberate self-harm among adolescents,
the authors examine the effects of bullying not just on externalizing deviance (aggressive
acts committed against others and their property) but also on internalizing deviance
directed against the self. Third, the authors examine these relationships separately for
males and females to assess sex differences in responses to strain. These three issues are
examined with self-report data collected from a sample of middle and high school
students in a Southeastern state. The analysis reveals that bullying is consequential for
both externalizing and internalizing forms of deviance and that these relationships are in
some instances moderated by sex.

16
Local Studies

There have been many news stories regarding incidences of cyber bullying in the
Philippines; however, research on the phenomenon in the Philippines is scarce. In the
Philippines the potential use of cell phones and short message service (SMS) as an
educational tool was studied. Librero, et al. (2007) found that 12 to 48 year-old students
have access to mobile modules which were developed in subject areas such as English,
math, and science. The mobile module uses handheld devices and smartphones for
accessing course material in a wide range of subject areas. Other module topics were
delivered via SMS.

A survey study done in the United States on student perceptions of educational

cell phone usage by Humble-Thaden (2011) found that there was an interest in cell phone
usage as learning tools in educational settings. The study also found gender differences in
perceptions, where boys had a higher acceptance than girls of cell phone use in the
classroom. This could maybe be related to boys better representing occupational fields
such as math, science, and technology, whereas girls more likely valued more direct
physical interaction and communication.

An important issue that the Philippines face regarding cyber bullying is whether it
is a crime under Philippine law (Romulo, 2010). The most recent documented incident of
cyber bullying involved a student transference from De la Salle University in Manila who
complained about his recent change of University campus. His complaint was posted on
his online blog, which drew attention from others. He then received messages on his blog
ranging from mild taunts to threatening comments, which were then removed (Tayao,
2009). However, due to the anonymity of the perpetrator online, it is often impossible to
search the origin of cyber bullies. It is even more difficult due to increasing Internet café
accessibility.

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SYNTHESIS OF THE STUDY.

The internet provides a capability so powerful and general that it can used for
almost any purpose that depends on the information you need. But some people used this
to degrade or to fabricate a story to ruin an individual images and in this case
cyberbullying was born.

Cyberbullying usually occurs in social media such as Facebook, twitter,

Instagram, etc. This includes, stalking, identity thief, cyber harassment. The people who
usually experienced this kind of bullying are famous.

Cyberbullies know no gender or age as long as you used technology. And in some
other cases there are victims who experienced cyberbullying through text messages. It
usually contains hurtful lies, fabricated stories, abusive and foul words.

This results of this study will know how cyberbullying affects the
psychological aspects of the cyber victims and how he\she handles this issue.

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 Chapter III

METHODOLOGY AND SOURCES OF DATA

Introduction
This chapter describes the choice of research design and selection of the
respondent that will be utilized for the study as well as the data gathering procedure,
research instrument, and mode of analysis to explain how the data will be analyzed and
answer the research questions. This chapter also presents the different ethical
considerations that will be used in conduct of the study.

Research Design

This study utilized a qualitative a research design called phenomenology.

Phenomenology method was used in this study because it is the most appropriate research
design that supports the study’s research questions, and can answer it appropriately.
(2009) states that the focus of phenomenology is on the way things appear to us through
experience a cyberbullying. Phenomenological approach was used to identify the
phenomena that doesn’t happen to all the victims of cyberbullying.

Respondent of the study

In this phenomenological study, researchers employed the purposive sampling for

the selection of respondent who experience the cyberbullying. Researchers have one
respondent who experienced cyberbullying that is currently residing at Tarlac City.

Research Instruments

A semi – structured interview was used by the researcher. It is a meeting in

which the interviewer does not strictly follow a formalized list of questions. The
researchers developed a list of questions formed by the list of general questions called an
interview guide. Interview guide questions were formed by getting the important terms in
the research questions.

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Data Gathering Procedure

To conduct the interview, the researchers first asked permission from their
research teacher. After asking for permission, they asked permission from their parents in
the form of parental consent. Lastly, with respect to the respondent of this study, the
researchers also gave the respondent a letter asking for their permission to be a
respondent of this study because they are qualified to participate in this study. After the
authorization, the researchers conducted the interview. They allotted one day for
interviewing one respondent with respect to the respondent' schedule. After
accomplishing the collection of data, results will be categorized based on the codes of the
respondent’ responses that will help the researchers generalize a meaning. These data will
become the basis of analysis and interpretation to get the meaning of the study. From
that, the theme of the data or the overall generalization will be obtained.

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 Chapter 4

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Introduction
This part of the chapter presents the finding and analyses of the respondent on the
psychological effects of cyberbullying. The data were extracted and analyzed according
to the objective of the study.
This study was an in-depth analysis on how cyberbullying affects the
psycholohical aspect of an individual. This chapter described the findings obtained from
in-depth interviewing as these represent the primary methods of obtaining data. The
major themes that resulted from respondent's responses were presented accordingly.
The experiences of cyberbullying were grouped into three major themes: a) type
of cyberbullying, b) the psychological effects of cyberbullying, c) the coping
mechanism/s employed by the respondent.

Demographic of the interviewee

The respondent was 18-years old female currently residing at Sta. Catalina Cutcut II,
Tarlac City. According to her, she experienced cyberbullying when she was in grade 10.

Cyberbullying: an in-depth analysis on its psychological effects.

Research findings
Question one. What form of cyberbullying did you experience?

'Identity theft, kase ginagamit yung picture at pangalan ko'

(Girl, 18 years old)

Identity theft, because they used my picture and name. For the researchers the
cyberbullies steal the personal information of the cybervictims.

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 Question two. In what social media platform did you experience cyberbullying?

'Facebook ang platorm ng social media kung saan ko na experience ma-

cyberbully'
(Girl, 18 years old)

Facebook was the social media platform where i experience cyberbullying. For
the researchers the respondent experience cyberbullying on facebook, facebook is some
kind of social media platform where cyberbullying frequently occur.

Question three. Narrate/share your experience during that time that you are
bullied.

'Simula nung grade 10, mas malala yun, dahil wala na sa lugar yung pangbabash
nila sakin tulad ng paglagay ng maseselan na salita o caption sa mga pictures ko.'
(Girl, 18 years old)

I experienced being cyberbullied since grade 10, compare now my experience

back then was the worst because what they do was under the counter or foul. Like putting
nasty caption on my pictures. In the researchers point of view the respondent experienced
cyberbullying since she was on her junior highschool life, according to her, that grade
was the worst because she experienced being addressed by foul words or under the
counter names.

Question four. What are the effects of cyberbullying in your emotional state?

‘Ang epekto sakin non ay natatakot ako na baka yung poser na iyon ay may ka
chat at baka kumuha sila ng hubad na larawan at sabihing ako iyon, nakakatakot lang
kasi baka sirain nila yung image ko’
(Girl, 18 years old)

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 The effect of this to me is i’ve become scared that they might get a nude pic and
spread it all over facebook that may lead for my image to be ruined, for the researcher’s
point of view the respondent psychological state becomes weak because the threat that
someone might destroy not only the image of the cybervictim but also her reputation as a
woman.

Question five. What are the ways you did to cope up with your experience?
Explain/narrate your answer.
'Una kong ginawa ay nagpatulong ako sa mga fb friends ko na ireport yung poser
ko at pangalawa ay dinedma na lang baka kapag pinatulan ko pa lalo akong pag initan
at ibash pa.'
(Girl, 18 years old)

The first thing i did was i seek help to my facebook friend to report the poser or
the fake account. The best thing i've done is to ignore those people who keep on ranting
or bashing me because if i continue to fight they will just keep on bashing me. As viewed
by the researcher the respondent chose the best way which is to ignore the bashers, the
respondent is being logically smart.

Research Analysis
In this part of the study. The researcher will analyze the answers obtained from
the in-depth interview. The analyzation of data that the researchers got will be explained
and evaluate accurately and accordingly to what the objective of this study aims. The
suggestions will be mention in chapter five.

Base on the respondent answers and the researcher’s interpretation, cyberbullying

comes in various forms that include cyberstalking, cyberharrasment, fabricating stories,
identity theft, etc. The respondent experience identity theft where the cyberbully steals
the picture and other personal information. The respondent was a constestant of a beauty
pageant, according to her she've seen some fake accounts that use her pictures for
popularity. Facebook is a social media website a platform for latest event. It is useful in

23
so many ways in communicating to your love ones, making new friends, and many more.
But some people took advantage just to ruined oneself and one of those people was the
respondent of this study who recently experienced cyberbullying in facebook. According
to the respondent since grade 10 she already experiencing cyberbullying it all started
when she joined a beauty pageant, the poser or the fake account was spreading fake
information and fake pictures with pervert captions. According to her compare to now,
her experienced during her junior high school life was way worst. Before they were
posting fabricated stories, and also addressed her some foul words. The respondent was
furious about it, she said that what if that fake account share or spread nude picture or
anything thats not belongs to her which can lead to ruining her image. The respondent
feels like everyone around her judge, criticise her. The respondent social life becomes
toxic as well as her personal life according to her, she can't focus on her studies, she
always thinking that what if the poser post another fabricated stories about her?. The
respondent's way of coping her problem was she asked her facebook friends to report the
fake account in this way facebook will find a way to prevent this fake account from
spreading false information and stop them from posting nasty things. Aside from that she
doesn’t pay attention because she believe that if she stop thinking and fighting them back
the poser or the user of that fake account will stop. The best way to avoid them was just
simply ignoring them

24
 Chapter 5

Summary of findings and conclusion

Introduction

This chapter dealt with the summary of findings taken from the themes formed
after the in-depth interviews with the respondent. Conclusions were also presented for
clarifications and for further understanding of the purpose of this study,and the
researchers asked for their views and insights about their experience of cyberbullying.

Summary of the research

The focus of this study was to know the psychological effect of cyberbullying and
how affects an individual the objective of this study is to know what type of
cyberbullying did the respondent experience. What are the psychological effects of
cyberbullying. What is the coping mechanism employed by the respondent. The literature
study was done in chapter two on the research already conducted on how cyberbullying
affect an individual. The impact of cyberbullying was also discussed. The objective of
this study was to know the effect of cyberbullying in the psychological state, determine
whether the respondent was able to surpass the situation, explore the opinion of the
cybervictim towards the issue, identify the the factors currents present in the Philippines,
make recommendations to improve the ways in how to avoid cyberbullying.

The research approach used in this study was a qualitative; the research respondent was
the victims of cyberbullying. The respondent was purposively chosen.

In-depth interview was conducted to a respondent. The findings were presented and
discussed in chapter 4 by the research analysis.

The findings revealed that the respondent who are a victim of cyberbullying undergo an
emotional breakdown, the respondent was a junior high school student when she first
experienced this kind of crime, and now that she’s in senior high school she also
experienced this kind of bullying, aside from that she was popular because she was
joining a beauty pageant that’s why she’s prone to be cyberbullied.

Objective 1: The type of cyberbullying did the respondent experience.

The findings of this study revealed that the respondent experienced identity theft, where
the respondent’s personal information was being stolen and used in unpleasant activities.
The user of the fake account fabricates stories to destroy or ruin the image of the
cybervictim, aside from fabricating stories the cyberbully also post pictures of the
cybervictim with disagreeable caption and content.

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Objective 2: The psychological effects of cyberbullying.

The researcher finds out that the respondent undergo post-trauma that lead her to
emotional breakdown, she was still a teenager and can’t handle a problem like this. Also
the respondent was still studying which affect how she performed inside the school, in
addition according to her she nearly fail a subject because she was pre-occupied by the
said issue.

Objective 3: Coping mechanism employed by the respondent.

The respondent’s coping mechanism was to simply ignore the cyberbullies. But, you need
to address it to the higher position so that they can do something against the issue, if you
are just going to sit there and wait for the issue to surpass. The best thing to do is to act
legally and follow the government’s law for anti-cyberbullying.

Discussion and Interpretations of Findings

In this part of this study, the researchers use to discuss the findings that the
respondent answer on the questions stated earlier. The researchers interpret the findings
that they collected to the respondent. The purpose of discussion is to interpret and
describe the significance of your findings in light of what was already known about the
research problem being investigated and to explain any new understanding or insights
that emerged as a result of your study of the problem.

The cyber bullying becomes widely problem, specifically for the teenagers. As
the year goes by the use of social media becomes dominant, and the number of users are
greatly in a large scale. But the thing is, some of the users crossed the line and committed
the cyber crimes, cyber bullying is an example where it os done in any kind of social
media plat form like facebook, twitter, instagram, and many more. Cyber bullying comes
in different type cyber harassment, cyberstalking, identity theft. The cases of cyber
bullying increases over the year.

The use of addressing this kind of crime is to avoid depression among teenagers,
the cases of suicide in the Philippines increases according to DOH where, some are
cybervictims. This phenomenon should be annihilating not only for those who already
experienced cyberbullying but to the whole world as general.

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Conclusions

According to the opinions and insights of the researchers the effects of cyberbullying has
a great impact into the psychological state of an individual, stress, depression, suicide are
some of the major effects of cyberbullying. Cyber bullying is extremely difficult when
you encounter it. Because you can't imagine why they use your picture and why they
need to take your picture. It can be messy and confusing. You can help the victims by

Getting to know their online “friends,” and be aware of their online activity. .

All online services, such as Facebook, or even Instagram, twitter have reporting services
to report unauthorized, or inappropriate usage, and cyberbullying. Without screenshots
and evidence, you can report the account or the account that tooks of your photo.

For the cyber bullies, you should stop taking pictures of others because it can be as bad as
what you do, especially if they prove that you are actually taking pictures of them. Aside
from RA 10175, the Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Act of 2009 or RA 9995 also
applies. This, if the perpetuators use intimate personal images and videos to blackmail,
extorts or harasses the victims. Cybervictim should not be afraid to consult the authority
so that the high rank will do their best to address this kind of crime. Although there is a
law for this you should be careful and responsible in using social media. Everything you
do, you must think twice.

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Recommendations for Further Research

The following recommendations for research are based on the study findings:

• Broad exploration is needed to get the exact answers that you are looking for and
can provide wider information for you to understand the main point of this research.

• More methodological work is needed on how to capture the impact of cyber

bullying to an individual in research including further analysis and exploration for you
fulfill the response that you want to achieve.

• Research to develop approaches and carry out full benefits analysis of

cyberbullying would be beneficial to those people who are may involve in this study.
Although methodologically is challenging, it would be very useful to conduct some broad
terms studies which sought analyzation on the the psychological effects of cyberbullying.

• It would also be helpful to capture qualitatively the experiences and perceptions

of the respondent who experiences this kind of crime, since her likely to participate in
studies of cyberbullying:an in-depth analysis on its psychological effect in research such
as ours. Similarly, further research might explore the experiences of the respondent who
are involved in this study.

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Bibliography

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Interview guide.

What form of cyberbullying did you experience?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

In what social media platform did you experience cyberbullying?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Narrate/share your experience during the time that you are bullied?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

What are the effects of cyberbullying in your emotional state?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

What are the ways you did to cope up with your experience? Explain/narrate your
answer.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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