Design and Testing of a Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector for

Caramcam District, Mangagoy, Bislig City

 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Water is a basic necessity of humans and all living beings. There is a plenty of water on earth but that is

not suitable for human use. Clean water is more important if used for some purpose. The impurities present in

water can cause hazardous and disease. As long as the draining system is considered the function of the

main drainage system is to collect, transport and dispose of the water through an outfall or outlet. Impurities

in drainage water can be only like empty bottles, polythene bags and papers. These impurities present in

drainage water can cause blockage or the drainage system. The drainage system can be cleaned time to time

manually or such a system can be designed that will automatically throw out wastages and will keep the

water clean.

Clean surroundings are needed to maintain the health of a person. Now-a-days drainages are most

important in keeping the surroundings clean. But the drains and sewers in most of the places are being left

unsupervised. Plastic wastes have become a very big threat to society. Most people after the usage throws these

plastic bags and other plastic wastes in drains instead of disposing them properly. Due to these plastic wastes the

drains will be clogged and creates many health related problems. Once or twice in a month the sewage workers

have to come and clean them manually. While cleaning such drains without proper equipment many are losing

their lives. So, a proper automated system is need for the cleaning of these drains (Garg and Mashilwane, 2015).

Most systems in the world today are automated. Almost 1.2 million workers are involved in sanitation

works. The working conditions of these sanitary workers have remained unchanged over years. Apart from the
social atrocities that these workers face, they are exposed to many health problems by virtue of their occupation.

This can be prevented through engineering, medical and legislative measures. While the engineering measures

will help in protecting against exposures, the medical measures will help in early detection of the effects of

these exposures. This can be partly achieved by developing an effective occupational health service for this

group of workers. So, the engineering solution to this problem is discussed in this paper (Ganesh U L,et.al, 2016).

In the Philippines, Water pollution is a major problem.  The government continues to try to clean up

the problem, implementing fines to polluters as well as environmental taxes, but many problems have not been

addressed. Many rural areas specifically in Caramcam District are clogged canals it only takes 20 mins of heavy

rain to rise the water level and it overflows.

As a proposal of Design and Testing of a Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector it is an

alternative way to lessen pollution and to easy way to collect waste from main river to canals and any drainage

passage.

As classified by the researcher, the aimed of this study is to help the solid waste management to less

their effort to the canals to collect the waste from the population specially in Caramcam District. The

Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector will have a great impact in the society especially in the Philippines

compare to manually collecting waste in the canals.

Statement of the Problem

The general problem of this study is to be able to Design and Testing of a Prototype Mechanical

Drainage Waste Collector to help residence of Caramcam District to easily collect garbage using this machine.
 By testing this machine, we consider the tough factors in order to make this successful. The specific

problem are as follows:

1. What are the parts presented by Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector?

2. What is the mechanism of a Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector?

3. What is the efficiency of the Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector?

Objectives of the problem

The Purpose of this study are as follows:

1. To enumerate parts presented by Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector.

2. To produce mechanism of a Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector.

3. To create and test the efficiency of a Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector.

Significance of the Study

This study will benefit the LGU of Bislig City specially areas affected by the flood like Caramcam

District to collect waste from canals. Since this is designed to mechanically accumulate the waste from the

clogged drainage.

Scope and Limitations

This research is to design a Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector. The goal of this study is to collect

waste from drainage mechanically. This study focuses on accumulating waste from the clogged canals of
Caramcam District. This whole procedure will provide the coordination of the man’s effort to operate the said

design and let this machine collect the waste.

Definitions of Terms

Clogged - Something that's clogged is blocked or stopped up.

Collect - The collection and transport of waste to the place of treatment or discharge by municipal

services or similar institutions, or by public or private corporations, specialized enterprises or general

government.

Debris - One that large woody debris (LWD) are the logs, sticks, branches, and other wood that falls

into streams and rivers.

Drainage - The means of removing surplus water or liquid waste; a system of drains.

Mechanical - Relating to machinery and also has manual operation.

Mechanism - A mechanical parts that having a particular function.

Solid Waste Management - The collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded

because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful.

Waste - Matter carried off by sewers or drains.

Conceptual Framework

1. To produce
Mechanism of a
mechanical Drainage
Waste Collector
2. To enumerate parts of
presented Mechanical
Propose the mechanism of
Drainage
Mechanical Waste Drainage
Collector
Collector
3. To design a
Mechanical Waste
Drainage Collector

Figure 1.0. The schematic diagram of the study

The conceptual framework used to study about the Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector. Figure 1

discusses about the whole procedure to make the study possible and to comply the whole materials in order to

proceed the existing design of the Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector.

 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter present related literature about the study of the Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector that

the researchers collect ideas from the local government unit to national government unit regarding how urban

areas easily affected by floods.

According to Ganesh U L, et.al, 2016, showed the usage of mechanical drainage cleaner to replace the

manual work required for drainage cleaning system. Drainage pipes are very dirty. Sometimes it is harmful for

human life while it is need for cleaning drainage system. To overcome this problem, they implemented

mechanical semi-automatic drainage water cleaner. Furthermore, the mechanical semi automatically operated

drainage waste cleaner is made which makes water to flow effectively due to regular filtration of wastages.

Ndubusi C. Daniels, et. Al (2014), Showed the drainage system cleaner machine used to remove garbage

and sewage automatically which helped to protect the environment from different kinds of environmental

hazards. The drainage system cleaner has three major parts which are the propeller, the cleaner and the pan all

makes up for its effective functioning.

Elangovan K., et.al (2017), reviewed about drainage cleaning to replace manual work to automated

system because manually cleaning system it is harmful for human life and cleaning time, is more so to

overcome this problem they implemented a design “Automatic drainage water pump monitoring and control

system using PLC and SCADA”. PLC and SCADA were designed.

Dr. K. Kumaresan explained manual work converted to automated system. Drainage pipe using for

disposal and it may be loss for human life while cleaning the blockage in the drainage pipes. To overcome this
problem they implemented “Automatic Sewage Cleaning System”. They designed their project different way

clearance of gaseous substance are treated separately so the flow of water efficiently. This project may be

developed with the full utilization of men, machines, and materials and money. They made their project

economical and efficient with the available resources. They used automation technology concerned with his

application of mechanical, electronics, computer based systems to operate and control production.

Nitin Sall, et.al. explained flow of used water from homes, business industries, commercial activities is

called waste water. Two hundred and Five hundred wastage water are generated each person every day. So

using waste water technology that removes, rather than destroys, a pollutant in a drainage system.

Muhammad (2014), studied highway drainage system and started that highway is importance for

removing water from the road surface, preventing ingress of water into the pavement, passing water

across the road, either under or over and preventing scour and/ or washout of the pavement, shoulder,

batter slopes, water courses and drainage structures. He identified types of drainage on the highway to include

kerb and gullies, surface water channel, combined filter drain (French drain), over-the-edge drainage,

drainage channel locks, combined kerb and drainage units, linear drainage channels, fin and narrow filter drain

(sub-surface drainage) and edge drainage for porous asphalt.

Elangovan K., et.al. [2] Reviewed about drainage cleaning to replace manual work to automated system

because manually cleaning system it is harmful for human life and cleaning time, is more so to overcome this

problem they implemented a design “Automatic drainage water pump monitoring and control system using PLC

and SCADA”. PLC and SCADA were designed. In this project to use efficient way to control the disposal of

wastage regularly, treatment of disposal in different way toxic and non-toxic gases. PLC controller from

Siemens was used in the treatment system of drainage wastewater control by the stepper motor, compressor, gas

exhauster, pressure valve and the liquid.

 Ganesh U L, et.al. showed the usage of mechanical drainage cleaner to replace the manual work required

for drainage cleaning system. Drainage pipes are very dirty. Sometimes it is harmful for human life while it is

need for cleaning drainage system. To overcome this problem, they implemented a mechanical semi-automatic

drainage water cleaner and so the water flow is efficient because of regular filteration of wastages with the help

of that project. Different kinds of environment hazards reduced with the help of Drainage system machine.

Dr .k.kumaresan, explained manual work converted to automated system. Drainage pipe using for

disposal and it may be loss for human life while cleaning the blockage in the drainage pipes. To overcome this

problem they implemented “Automatic Sewage Cleaning System”. They designed their project different way

clearance of gaseous substance are treated separately so the flow of water efficiently. This project may be

developed with the full utilization of men, machines, and materials and money. They made their project

economical and efficient with the available resources. They used automation technology relegated with his

application of mechanical, electronics, computer based systems to operate and control production.

R.Sathiyakala, et.al, (2017), explained E bucket (electronic bucket) use for drainage cleaning system

because E-bucket lifted a sewage and used evaporation treatment for this sewage wet sewage was converted into

dry matters, with the of ARM board(ARDUINO) this process was performed. After this process they were add

this waste a government bank without any kind of affection of the bacteria.

Nitin Sall, et.al. explained flow of used water from homes, business industries, commercial activities is

called waste water.200 and 500 liters wastage water are generated each person every day. So using waste water

technology that removes, rather than destroys, a pollutant in a drainage system.

Gregor Burger, et.al, (2016), for network based model development and look at some of crucial

computational design issues. They developed the improvement in the design of very fast, easy to use, easy to

integrate and extensible general purpose simulator platform. It was running up to 40 times faster than its

MATLAB based predecessor and allowing it to be flexibly applied. They included features such as the hot-start

mechanism and the extension interfaces have proven to be extremely useful when linking city drain 3 as a sub-

model into larger software project.

 NDUBUISI C. Daniels, et.al. Showed the Drainage system cleaner machine used to remove garbage and

sewage automatically which helped to protect the environment from different kinds of environmental hazards.

The drainage system cleaner has three major parts which are the Propeller, the Cleaner and the Pan all makes up

for its effective functioning evel, flow and other analog variables to achieve automatic control of sewage waste

water treatment.

Powered Operated Drainage Waste Collector

The researcher conducts a Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector. The case of this study is

what must be the design of Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector and how it would help to the

residents of Caramcam District to the manual work to mechanical work required for drainage cleaning system.
 Chapter 3

METHODS

This chapter discusses the methods that have been used in the collection and analysis of the data

corresponds to achieve the objectives of the study. This section also explains the research design, research

instrument and the procedure of the research being used. The evaluation has been supported out from the

collected data and research of this study.

Research Design

The research method in this study is descriptive research design. This method guided the

researchers to stop the problems in Caramcam District regarding to the clogged canals by applying Prototype

Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector.

Research Instrument

The research instrument applied in this study contained two main parts. The first part used is survey and

testing. The researchers gather the data from the area in Caramcam District that the water from the canals rise

rapidly with a short span of heavy rainfall.

Procedure

The researcher determined first the design that would be presented and is connected to the researcher’s

course. The next is, the researcher consulted for the approval of the adviser for the topic that will be presented

which is the Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector. After the approval, the researcher conducted some research

for the application of the Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector and its design. The researcher creates a

statement of the problem, objectives of the problem, and the significant of the study. The related studies of the
Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector were the next thing that the researcher done as a guide for making the

design. After that, the researcher determined the research design and the research instrument that have been used

all throughout the study. This were made the researcher done for making all the possible solutions of the study

followed by analyzing the design of the Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector. Lastly, the researcher organized

a summary, recommendation and conclusion of the study.

 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

To make this research possible, the researcher creates objectives and procedure to have guidelines in

making the papers. In addition, the researcher gathered information, analysis and all the materials that are

possible to be able for the study to accomplish.

As being done, this research entitled, Design and Testing of a Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste

Collector for Caramcam District, Mangagoy, Bislig City inspired by an automatic collecting system yielded the

concept of a conveyor. The assembly composes of an induction motor that supplies power to a chain with a

fence to collect waste and there is another gear connected to a lower chain in order to move forward.

CONCLUSION

In the development of the automatic waste collector, a simple mechanism of Design and Testing of

a Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector has been develop for cause most especially in the residents’

of Caramcam District, Mangagoy, Bislig City. The mechanism is easy to operate and performs efficiently. The

presentation of this mechanism will not only to lessen a time consumed and effort but also to prevent flash

flood.

RECOMMENDATION

For an efficiency and effectiveness, the researcher recommends this design to all areas with

clogged canals. Might as well it will be studied further for the future researchers to have at least an existing

machine of a Design and Testing of a Prototype Mechanical Drainage Waste Collector, for this research

presents only all the components that are possible to assemble, its specification, significance and the process

analyzed by the researcher through the help of the local researcher regarding how this area rapidly rise water

from their canals and the concerns of the residents. It would be a warmhearted feeling for the researcher if one

will be willing to do so.