WEEK 3 TYPES OF INTEGRATION SYSTEM

B. BUSINESS PROCESS INTEGRATION-ORIENTED

It is described as the application of relevant rules in a logical sequence to transmit data across
participating systems and to visualize and exchange application-level operations. It's the capacity to
build a common business process model that takes into account the sequence, hierarchy, events,
execution logic, and data flow between systems.

B. BUSINESS PROCESS INTEGRATION-ORIENTED Process-to-process solutions are created by

connecting separate processes. It automates human-assisted tasks. An advantage is that it supports
information and control logic flow, as well as automating duties formerly handled by people On the
other hand, it has the drawback of focusing solely on process flow and integration. It doesn't focus
on user interface, updating databases, or executing a transaction

Three Levels of Technology

1. Process modelling - Information mobility is specified in process modeling. The common process
model, real things such as corporations, organizations, or individuals, and the source and destination
systems are all components of process models.

2. Transformation, routing, and rules - Information movement and formatting occur as a result of
transformation, routing, and rules. Routing makes it possible to retrieve important data from any
source application, target application, or data repository.

3. Message service - The messaging service is in-charge of transferring data across all linked apps.

INFORMATION PRODUCERS AND CONSUMERS The entities that create and consume
information are known as source and target systems. Database (integration using SQL, JDBC),
Application (API, adapters), User interface (screen scraping), and Embedded Devices (temperature
sensors, call-counting machines) are examples of systems that create and consume data. Because
they are designed to create and consume data, these systems are considered "point of integration".

Solutions Architecture Event-Drive - Refers to designs that focus on data mobility rather than
application service aggregation. Data is sent from one system to another in support of a specific
business transaction, but application services must also be accessed. Composite-Application -
Describes architectures that require application services to be aggregated into a single application
instance. Autonomous-distributed - Refers to web service architectures that have been so closely
interwoven that they seem to be one application. Binding interand intra-company apps into a single,
coherent entity.
 A. INFORMATION ORIENTED The convergence of two or more systems by permitting easy data
flows across applications is known as information-oriented, a system integration approach. Some of
its sample activities are: connecting databases, dealing with basic data transfers between two or
more applications, and migrating data from source database to destination database.

Components of Portal Architecture - Web Clients - PC or any other device that can display HTML
and images and runs a web browser. Web Servers - At their heart, web servers are file servers.
They reply to web client queries and subsequently transmit the needed file. Web servers fulfill two
functions: they provide file material to web clients and they run basic applications. Database Servers
- Database servers respond to requests and return information. - Back-end Applications - Back-end
apps are corporate apps that reside within a single company or across many companies. Example,
ERP. Application Servers - Application servers provide middle layer between back-end applications,
databases, and the web server. It communicates with both the web server and the resource server
using Transaction-oriented application development

Data federation

The practice of combining various databases into a single virtual database is known as data
federation. The program makes use of virtual databases. The data gathering and dissemination to
the physical database is handled by integration software. Data federation has the benefit of being
able to combine many types of databases. In data federation, however, the interface between the
application and the database must be altered.

WAYS ON HOW TO CONNECT Data Replication - Data Federation Interface Processing

The Basics of Service-Oriented Application Integration Enterprises can share common application
services and information with the help of service-oriented application integration. Web services
(distributed objects) are the center of infrastructure. The use of a standard set of application services
across corporate applications encourages reusability. This decreases the requirement for duplicated
application services and/or applications dramatically

C. SERVICE-ORIENTED APPLICATION INTEGRATION

At the service level, service-oriented application integration provides a framework for connecting
applications. The idea is to use the Internet's capacity to provide well-defined interfaces and
directory services for remote application services. The technology to achieve the aforementioned
aim is web services. The future of application integration is Web services.

INFORMATION ORIENTED INTEGRATION APPROACHES - COUPLING Coupling connects

applications in such a way that they are reliant on one another, exchanging methods, interfaces, and
sometimes data. Coupling necessitates significant application modifications. Modifications in the
source or target system need changes in connected systems as well. Reusability is enabled via
coupling, allowing the reuse of basic business procedures.
 LESSON OBJECTIVES - Identify the different approaches to systems integration; and Understand
how information-oriented, business process integration-oriented, service-oriented, and portal
oriented approach of integration differs

Steps to create portal Create a portal application that includes the user interface as well as the
program's behavior. -Specify which data from the back-end systems should be exchanged with the
portal application.

BUSINESS PROCESS INTEGRATION-ORIENTED The purpose of business process integration is

to enable integration not just via the sharing of information, but also via the management of that
information using simple tools. It is concerned with coordinating or controlling the flow of data
between source and target applications. It also emphasizes process logic while keeping application
logic separate.

Portal-Oriented Portal-Oriented integration combines programs through a single user interface or

application, which is often accessed via a web browser. It consolidates data from several apps into a
single application. No back-end connectivity and ease of usage are some of its advantages (browser
user interface). On the other hand, there is no such thing as real-time integration on this type of
integration.

When to Leverage Service-Oriented Integration When two or more firms need to share similar
program logic, such as calculating shipping prices from a common supplier that varies often. When
two or more firms wish to split the expenses and benefits of developing a shared application. When
the issue domain is small and specialized, and when all organizations can work on a common
application

The Power of Portals - The primary benefit of using portals is that it eliminates the need to directly
interconnect back-end technologies across organizations or inside corporations. It eliminates the
costs and hazards that come with it. Using portals is a non-intrusive method of allowing other
organizations to connect with a company's internal processes through a secure online interface.
Other integration techniques take longer to implement than portals. However, there are certain
disadvantages such as: Information does not flow in real time, necessitating human contact;
information must be abstracted through another application logic layer (e.g., application servers);
and security is a major problem when extending company data to consumers over the internet.

Application Service Sub-routines or procedures in applications are known as application services. It

must be called in order for something to happen in the application. Remote services that create or
consume data are known as application services. Composite applications made up of local and
remote application services are created by combining application services.

Technology Components - Graphic modeling tool - This is where business model is created and
defined. - Business process engine - It controls the execution of the multi steps business processes
and maintains state and the interactions with the middleware Business process monitoring interface
- Allows end-users to monitor and control execution of a business process in real time and optimize
where needed Business process engine interface - Allows other applications to access the business
process engine - Integration technology (middleware) - Connects the source and target system
 SERVICE-ORIENTED Service-oriented integration allows apps to share business logic and
procedures, allowing them to work together. One example of this is the web services. Application
reusability is enabled via service-oriented architecture. However, it is necessary to update the
application logic, and the implementation cost is substantial.

APPLICATION INTEGRATION It's the capacity to build a common business process model that
takes into account the sequence, hierarchy, events, execution logic, and data flow between systems.
The goal is to create a single logical model that spans several applications and data stores by
introducing the concept of a common business process that governs how computers and humans
interact to meet a specific business need

INTRODUCTION At the information and service levels, system integration connects information
systems. Information sharing is facilitated via system integration. It allows you to do business in real-
time. System integration encompasses both technical and strategic values. Electronic marketplaces,
supply chain enablement, web visibility, and customer relationship management (CRM) are activities
that require integrated solutions. Application integration's success and usefulness are determined by
how well the issue domain is understood, the type of architecture used, and the technology used.

INTERFACE PROCESSING Integrating packaged and bespoke programs is part of interface

processing. Enterprise Resource Planning is one example (ERP). This is the most often used
method of integration. The benefits include easy connection with commercially available applications
and the use of screen scrapers as connection points. When converting information to transfer
between systems, API solutions accommodate for variations in schema, content, and application
semantics. However, there is a disadvantage in terms of business logic. Application Integration
Engine API

A. INFORMATION ORIENTED

Moving data across systems, for example, may necessitate changes to both the content and the
schema on the fly

APPLICATION INTEGRATION - OBJECTIVE Provides a control method that describes and

implements information flow and the invocation of processes across multiple systems.

D. PORTAL-ORIENTED APPLICATION INTEGRATION - The ability to access a variety of systems

(both internal and external corporate systems) through a single user interface or application is
provided by portal-oriented application integration. This group is the most likely to use a web
browser. It completely eliminates back-end integration.

INFORMATION ORIENTED INTEGRATION APPROACHES - COHESION The term "cohesion"

refers to the "act or state of sticking together" or "logical agreement." Applications and databases are
distinct of one another in cohesiveness. Modifications to the origin or target system should not have
a significant effect on others. Integration benefits from cohesion since it allows for more flexibility. It
enables the installation, modification, and removal of systems without impacting the overall system.
STEPS TO APPROACH INFORMATION INTEGRATION -Identify the data - Catalog the data - Build
the enterprise metadata model - this model will be used as master guide for integrating the various
information stores that exists within the enterprise.

DATA REPLICATION Dave Smith - The process of shifting data across two or more databases is
known as data replication. By deploying software between databases, data replication may be
performed. Data is extracted from the source database and placed in the target database by
software. - Data replication has the advantages of being low-cost and simple to implement. Data
replication, on the other hand, is not suited for integrating functionalities in applications. That is, if
data is linked to methods or if data is shared with methods. It also necessitates modifications to the
source and destination apps FL-32224

Portal Categories - Single-System Portals - Single-system portals are businesses that have
extended their user interfaces to the web. Application servers, page servers, and technologies for
converting basic displays to HTML are all options. - Multiple-Enterprise-System Portals - Multiple
Enterprise System Portals expands the design of a single-system gateway to multiple enterprise
systems. Application server architecture is used. Users may pull data from these systems and
update it using a single web browser interface that may be accessible via an extranet or the internet.
- Enterprise Portals - Enterprise Portals broaden the scope of a multi-enterprise system portal to
include systems from multiple companies. Application servers are a good choice for businesses
because they funnel data from connected backend systems.