Activity 4: Plant Tissues

Name: Dizon, Penelopy A. Date: September 28, 2021

I. Make a summary of plant tissues.

A. Fill out the table with the following information. (1 point each)
 Plant Tissues Characteristics Cellular Function Location / Part Example
components of the Plant

1. Lipids, It is made up of The tissues are It can be found Onion Root

Meristematic endoplasmic small compact being divided. in a plant's Tip
reticulum, and cells with large The plant's growth root and shoot.
food materials nuclei, no or (length and width) It has an apical
are all missing. few vacuoles, is controlled by meristem in
Mitotic cell and thin walls. this organ. the shoot
division occurs The cytoplasm The apical system. The
is abundant.
in diploid cells. meristem is lateral
Oval in shape responsible for meristem, on
with a thin plant development the other
wall. There are (lengthening) as hand, is found
no spaces well as the at the root
between cells. production of system.
leaves and
flowers.
The lateral
meristem is
responsible for
plant growth
(thickness) and
tree bark
production.
2. Parenchyma Living in a Cellulose makes It is associated to It can be found Palisade
porous up the majority epidermal cells, in a plant's parenchyma
environment of the cell wall. which play a role root and shoot. and Ray
with thin walls. It has in light parenchyma.
They are quick
chloroplast- penetration, gas It's found in
to adapt and
laden exchange control, the plant's
distinguish the
cells that mesophyll in its and absorption. Its most fragile
conduct various interior layers, porous wall portion.
functions. pith in the transports tiny Cortex,
Epidermal cells, innermost molecules from mesophyll, and
fiber cells, and layer, and the cytoplasm of ground tissues
 vessel cells, on cortex in the one cell to the are examples
the other hand, outermost cytoplasm of of stem
have primary layer. another. This cell tissues.
and secondary can be found in
cell walls, with
large numbers in
the secondary
the xylem and
cell wall
containing phloem, and it
lignin. aids in the transfer
of water and food
components
throughout the
plant. And the
cells found in the
roots aid in the
storage of foods.
Palisade, when
paired with
spongy mesophyll
cells, aids light
absorption in the
photosynthetic
process. It helps
carry materials
along the stem in
ray, which is found
in wood plants.
3. Collenchyma It is an It is made up of Its purpose is to It's found in Angular
elongated cells pectin support the mature collenchyma,
and has thick molecules, structure, herbaceous Annular
walls. hemicellulose strength, and leaves and collenchyma,
and cellulose. flexibility of the stems. They Lamellar
 leaf veins and can also be collenchyma
stem, as well as to found in the and Lacunar
allow bending plant's collenchyma.
without harm or periphery.
breakage.
4. It comprises a Its cells have Its purpose is to It is primarily Fiber
Sclerenchyma hard and thick cut in and preserve and found in the sclerenchyma
cell wall and is suberin that sustain plants on cortex of stems cells.
made up of makes them the trunks and and leaves. Sclereid
lignin. waterproofed. sclerenchyma
fibers of their
In the stage of trees. Plants' cells
maturity, they digestive tracts
are dead.
will be harmed if
their cells are
consumed. The
cell contains fibers
that are used to
make yarn.
5. Xylem It is complex Conduction is Its job is to move It can be found Tracheids
cells in a plant. made up of two water, inorganic on vascular and Vessel
parts. Elements ions, minerals, and plants and elements.
of the tracheid insoluble nutrients woody plants.
and vessel. upwards.
Tracheids are
tubular
structures that
transport
minerals and
water from the
roots to the
leaves. It is
made up of
elongated
vessels with a
thickened
secondary cell
wall. There is
also an
overlapping cell
that permits
communication
between cells.
The vessel
elements are
hollow, short,
and wide
vessels with a
length of three
meters. It
created varied
patterns in the
secondary cell
wall, such as
Annular, spiral,
Scalariform,
and pitted.
Sieve elements,
sieve plates,
partner cells,
parenchyma,
and
sclerenchyma
 make up this
structure.
6. Phloem They are still Sieve elements, Its job is to It is located at Sieve tube
living at the sieve plates, transmit the outside of member and
mature stage partner cells, nourishment from xylem layers. companion
because they parenchyma, the leaves to the cells and
must and rest of the plant. Sieve cells.
transport the sclerenchyma
materials. It make up this
has a flaccid structure.
wall that
allows
materials to
be moved
under high
pressure.
7. Protective the outer part Cork and Stomata are small It is located in Epidermis
of a plant. epidermis. holes in the the and cork
epidermis that outer/epidermis
help in water loss plant of a plant.
and gas exchange.
It shields you from
the elements.

8. Specialized These are Both on the It is in charge of It is located in External and

secretory cells inside and secretions with a external and Internal. In
that outside. wide range of internal of a internal,
differentiate of Hydathodes, morphologies. plant. consist of
epidermal cells nectarines, secreting
and does not osmophores, cells,
have real and granula secretory
tissues. It triochems make cavity and
could be a up the exterior lacticifers.
single section. In external,
secretory cells Secreting cells, consist of
or secretory hydathodes,
multicellular cavity, and nectarines,
cells. lacticifers make osmophores
and granula
up the interior
triochems.
component.
II. Compare and contrast. Make a Venn diagram of the following. (10 points each)
A. Meristematic tissues VS Permanent tissues.
B. Xylem VS Phloem
III. Answer the following questions in one paragraph. (10 points each)
1. Explain how central vacuoles and cellulose cell walls contribute to plant growth.
The turgor pressure of the cell is regulated by central vacuoles, which also control the transport of cellular molecules within
the cytoplasm, store nitrogen and phosphorus, and facilitate the digestion of stored cellular proteins. It adds strength to the
primary cell wall in cellulose cell walls, and it also influences the cell pattern.
As a result, I infer that central vacuoles and cellulose cell walls will influence plant growth by performing their functions in the
cell, which will then perform procedures to maintain the plant's life and growth.

2. How are plant cells being classified?

Plant cells are used to classify plants. If it's merismatic cells, which divide continuously throughout a plant's life, or dermal
cells, which are found on the plant's external cells, Ground cells, such as Parenchyma, which are undifferentiated cells
distributed throughout the body, Collenchyma, which has a thick wall and is generally uneven, Sclerenchyma, which is a cell
wall agent Vascular cells include the complicated Xylem found in vascular and woody plants, as well as the Phloem found
outside the xylem.

3. What are the different types of Meristematic cells and their characteristics?
Apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems are the three types of meristematic cells. Apical meristems, also known as growth
points, are undifferentiated tissue that contributes to the plant's length and can be found at the root and stem tips. Lateral
meristems are present in the radial region of the roots and stems of the plant and contribute to the width/thickness of the plant.
There are two lateral meristems: cork cambium and cambium, which give rise to secondary permanent tissue. Finally,
intercalary meristems, which have cell division that allows regeneration and rapid monocot development, contribute to the size
variation of plant leaves.

4. What makes parenchyma and collenchyma tissues considered as living tissues?

Living tissues are parenchyma and collenchyma. Parenchyma is a permanent living tissue that has the ability to divide mature cells
and aids in wound healing and regeneration. Collenchyma is a type of living tissue that becomes alive once it matures. It provides
structural support to growing shoots and leaves, and it is made up of cellulose and pectin, which is why it is alive.
As a result of their function/work in the growth and survival of plants, I conclude that the parenchyma and collenchyma are living
tissues.