• Best Practice Examples

• Promotion of Cogeneration in Europe and other Countries

• Variety of Cogeneration Use

In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 52
Use of Cogeneration in Industry in Germany

Source:
March 2010, Prof. Dr. Georg Erdmann
Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Lars Dittmar, Technologische
und energiepolitische Bewertung der Perspektiven
von Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung
in Deutschland

In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 53
Use of Cogeneration in Asia

Cogeneration has made good progress in S-E Asia during the last 5-10 years
• Energy generation plants fuelled by natural gas
• Strong agriculture base with large quantities of residues from agro-processing industries (e.g.
sugar and palm oil industries)
Malaysia (target 5 % of country’s power supply from renewable sources)
• Uses palm oil for cogeneration
• In large industrial complexes (e.g. airport, city centres) co- and/or trigeneration is done from
natural gas
Thailand (cogeneration is about 8 % of total installed capacity)
• Agriculture industry provides huge potential for biomass cogeneration from rice husk
Indonesia (power production 5 % of total power production )
• Pulp and paper mills, chemical and textile industries are the largest users of cogeneration
Singapore (cogeneration is about 10 % of the total installed capacity)
Source:
• Cogeneration progresses with development of petrochemical and chemical industries www.cogen3.net
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 54
Docent Katholieke Hogeschool,
Greenhouse-Complex, (Kempen, Belgium)

Success Factors
• Gas and electricity prices, combined with the Belgian certificate
prices, will enable the CHP plant to run profitably for 5,500 h/a
Main Barriers
• Rolls Royce engine runs on gas pressure of 4.5 bar; however, the Belgian regulation only
permits 0.5 bar at a greenhouse site. Installation of expensive booster to increase the pressure
• Electrical grid connection took time and a lot of communication

Source:
http://www.code-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/CODE_CS_Handbook_Final.pdf
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 55
National Museum of Liverpool
(Liverpool, UK)

Success Factors
• More than 596,000 €/a guaranteed savings (Public Private Partnership
agreement, Ener-G would assume the financial/technical/operational risk )
• Efficiency of nearly 80% compared to less than 40% for individual heat or
electricity generation
• Biodiesel fueling
• Absorption chillers to produce chilled water for air conditioning
Main Barriers
• Located on a UNESCO World Heritage site
• Waterfront position and historic buildings surrounding the museum isolate it from gas and electricity mains

Source:
http://www.code-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/CODE_CS_Handbook_Final.pdf
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 56
“Hypo Alpe Adria” Trigeneration Plant
(Tavagnacco, Italy)

Success Factors
• Plant can operate unmanned: remote control through Internet allows the operating parameters to be monitored and
modified in real time
Main Barriers
• Many laws and regulations in force in Italy
• The nation is emerging from a long period in which electricity was a nationalized good. New power plants can therefore
supply electricity to several users, either adjoining or in different regions, but they have difficulties complying with the
various regulations Source:
http://www.code-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/CODE_CS_Handbook_Final.pdf
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 57
UIPSA Cogeneration Plant in Paper
Industry (Barcelona, Spain)

Success Factors
• Replacement of CHP plant (7 MW) at the end of its life
• Using the latest high efficiency technologies
Main Barriers
• Electrical grid connection

Source:
http://www.code-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/CODE_CS_Handbook_Final.pdf
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 58
Micro-CHP Units in Aegean and Egnatia
Hotels (Thessaloniki, Greece)

Success Factors
• Legislation on renewable energy sources in Greece is becoming
mature
• State support was crucial to the viability of the project
Main Barriers
• Bureaucracy main obstacle for such investments in Greece, considerable amount of time is
needed to deal with it
• Price of natural gas (as per year 2006), which affects the profitability of the investment,
depends on the supplier’s tariff policy

Source:
http://www.code-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/CODE_CS_Handbook_Final.pdf
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 59
Combined Heat and Power Plant at Jurys
Hotel and Towers (Dublin, Ireland)
Annual savings and Payback Period
• 1,200 t of CO2
• Cost savings of € 64,000
• Payback Period about 3 years incl. governmental
funds

• Fuel: Diesel
• Fuel Input: 999 kW
• Engine type: Dorman 6DTg
• Electrical output: 304 kW (30%)
• Thermal output: 445 kW (45%)

Source:
http://www.seai.ie/
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 60
Combined Heat and Power Plant at Kings
College Hospital (London, UK)
Annual savings
• 2,555 t of CO2 (approximately 25% site carbon
emissions)
• Cost savings of € 537,000.

• Fuel: Natural Gas

• Electrical output: 1.8 MWe + 2.4 MWe (total 4.2 MWe)
• Boiler: one 10 t/h and two combination
fired/exhaust gas waste heat boiler
• Chillers: two 1,250 kWe absorption chillers

Source:
http://www.cogenco.com/en/ourclients/case_studies//
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 61
Cogeneration Plant at Phu Khieo
Bio-Energy Co. Ltd., Thailand

• Owner: Phu Khieo Bio-Energy Co., Ltd. (PKB)

• Major shareholders: United Farmers & Industry Co., Ltd., others
• Fuel: Sugar cane bagasse, cane leaves, wood bark and rice husk
• Major offtakers: Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (21 years contract), United Farmer &
Industry Co., Ltd. (steam + power)
• Electrical output: 41 MWe (extraction condensing steam turbine, Alstom)
• Boiler: 2 x 120 t/h, 68 bar, 510°C (Alstom)
• Existing equipment: Boilers + turbine (from sugar mill)
• O&M: Internal Source:
www.piganesh.com/ASEAN/2011/CO_1.pdf
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 62
District Heating with Sintering Plant Waste
Heat (Pohang, South Korea)

Research Institute of
Industrial Science
&Technology
Pohang’s Center for
Science and Technology

Housing complex

Source:
http://ietd.iipnetwork.org/sites/ietp/files/DH_sinter.png
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 63
“Cogen for Africa”

Project of Energy, Environment and Development Network for

Africa (AFREPREN) “Cogen for Africa”
(www.afrepren.org)
• Supported by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) via the United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the African Development
Bank (AfDB)

The overall objective of the Cogen for Africa project is to help

transform the cogeneration industry in Eastern and Southern
Africa into a profitable cogeneration market.
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 64
Cogeneration Investment at James Finlay
Tea, Kenya

Turbo Generator Wood chip preparation

• Fuel: Wood chips

• Electrical capacity installed: 800 kW
• Thermal capacity installed: 11 MW
• Planned expansion: up to 2.7 MWe and
37.1 MWth

Wood chip preparation area

Source:
www.worldteanews.com/profiles/james-finlays-kericho-kenya#sthash.CcbtyChE.dpuf
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 65
Cogeneration Investment at Kakira Sugar,
Uganda

• Fuel: Bagasse (from sugar cane)

• Electrical capacity installed: 16 MW
• Thermal capacity installed: 100 t/h
• Planned expansion: 30 MWe and 60 MWth

Source:
http://www.kakirasugar.com/content/power-co-generation
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 66
Biomass Cogeneration Project in Azerbaijan

Renewable Energy Development Project in Azerbaijan

• Project supported by the Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Source:
www.maps.google.de

Source:
http://www.adb.org/projects/47008-002/details
In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 67
Ideas for Innovative new Cogeneration
Concepts: Stadtwerke Rosenheim Plant
Regarding the given accelerating growth of renewable energy sources
such as wind and solar power in Germany, it is essential to create a more
flexible energy supply infrastructure.

Source:
VGB PowerTech, 11/2013

Annual energy production from wind and solar in

Germany sums up to 13,1 % (2013). Total
production from renewables is 23,9 %.

In cooperation with
May-14
Slide 68