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Diesel Rotary-Inline Injection

The document discusses two types of injection pumps used in diesel engines: distributor pumps and inline pumps. Distributor pumps have a single plunger and spinning rotor to distribute fuel, making the fuel shots consistent and the pump smaller. Inline pumps have multiple plungers but more moving parts. The document also discusses two common types of diesel injection systems - throttle body injection which is similar to carburetion, and multipoint injection which uses multiple injectors like gasoline engines. It concludes by describing the key components of a typical fuel injector - the nozzle and body which contain passages for high pressure fuel to enter and exit, controlled by a needle valve and spring.

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Kevin Gegrimos
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2K views5 pages

Diesel Rotary-Inline Injection

The document discusses two types of injection pumps used in diesel engines: distributor pumps and inline pumps. Distributor pumps have a single plunger and spinning rotor to distribute fuel, making the fuel shots consistent and the pump smaller. Inline pumps have multiple plungers but more moving parts. The document also discusses two common types of diesel injection systems - throttle body injection which is similar to carburetion, and multipoint injection which uses multiple injectors like gasoline engines. It concludes by describing the key components of a typical fuel injector - the nozzle and body which contain passages for high pressure fuel to enter and exit, controlled by a needle valve and spring.

Uploaded by

Kevin Gegrimos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Two Types of Injection Pump: Explains the basic function and types of injection pumps used in diesel engines, focusing on their operation and role in the fuel delivery process.
  • Common Rail Diesel Injection: Introduces common rail diesel injection systems and explains two types used in modern diesel engines.
  • Plunger and Barrel: Describes the reconditioning process and uses of plungers and barrels in fuel injection systems.
  • Injector and Nozzle: Outlines the structure and function of fuel injectors and nozzles, explaining fuel path and pressure mechanisms.

The Two Types of Injection Pump

A. An Injection Pump is the device that pumps fuel into the cylinders of a diesel
engine. Traditionally, the injection pump is driven indirectly from
the crankshaft by gears, chains or a toothed belt (often the timing belt) that
also drives the camshaft. It rotates at half crankshaft speed in a
conventional four-stroke engine. Its timing is such that the fuel is injected only
very slightly before top dead center of that cylinder's compression stroke. It is
also common for the pump belt on gasoline engines to be driven directly from
the camshaft. In some systems injection pressures can be as high as 200 MPa
(30,000 PSI).
The second type of Injection Pump
B. Distributor (Rotary) Injection Pumps
These types of pumps have only one fuel-metering plunger. A spinning rotor makes
a hydraulic connection with the different ports on the distributor head, somewhat
similar to the way a distributor works on a gasoline engine. Benefits of a rotary-
style pump with only one plunger are all the shots of fuel are exactly the same,
and it makes for a smaller overall package. Also, distributor-style pumps have less
moving parts compared to inline pumps. Two examples of mechanical rotary
pumps are the Stanadyne DB2 and the Bosch VE. The Stanadyne DB2 produces
6,700 psi of pressure, while the Bosch VE produces 17,000 psi.
Two Common Rail Diesel Injection
A. Throttle body injection (TBI) - is very similar to carburetion; so similar, in fact, that
many throttle body injection units were actually adapted from gas carburetors.
TBI differs from carburetion in that it uses one or a set of downward-facing
injectors to shoot fuel into the engine under pressure rather than allowing it to
be drawn in by engine vacuum.

B. Multipoint Injection- Some industrial diesel engines use multi-point fuel


injection (MPI) similar to that used in most cars. MPI systems utilize a single or
dual fuel pumps to feed fuel injectors mounted in the intake port of the engine.
The injectors spray fuel into the engine's intake valves through the intake port.
This design is fairly rare on diesels, primarily since it was developed after the
mechanical direct injection used on most diesels and offers no real advantage for
compression-ignition engines.
Plunger and Barrel
• The barrels are reconditioned and fitted with new plungers and new seals. We can
ourselves produce new slightly oversize plungers for over 475 different fuel pump
types, covering most of the engine types and manufacturers in the world, thus
enabling us to provide our clients with very fast response on both exchange parts as
well as reconditioning.

• The plungers are machined on our own CNC machines and then sent for full or
surface hardening as required. Based on the actual barrel measurements after
reconditioning, the individual plungers are ground and adapted to the specified
clearance by honing.
Injector and Nozzle
• A typical fuel injector is shown in Figure , It can be seen to be two basic
parts, the nozzle and the nozzle holder or body. The high-pressure fuel
enters and travels down a passage in the body and then into a passage in
the nozzle, ending finally in a chamber surrounding the needle valve. The
needle valve is held closed on a mitred seat by an intermediate spindle
and a spring in the injector body. The spring pressure, and hence the
injector opening pressure, can be set by a compression nut which acts on
the spring.

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