Bio 308 BIOCHEMISTRY II

2020/2021 Spring

COURSE OUTLINE

Introduction to Metabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2h
A first look at metabolism; central pathways of energy metabolism; distinct
pathways for biosynthesis and degradation; oxidations as a metabolic energy
source; ATP as energy currency; goals of the study of metabolism

Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway . . . . . 6h

Glycolysis, feeder pathways for glycolysis, fates of pyruvate under anaerobic
conditions: fermentation, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway of
glucose oxidation

Principles of Metabolic Regulation: Glucose and Glycogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5h

The metabolism of glycogen in animals, regulation of metabolic pathways,
coordinated regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, coordinated regulation
of glycogen synthesis and breakdown, analysis of metabolic control

Citric Acid Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4h

Production of Acetyl-CoA (activated acetate), reactions of the citric acid cycle,
regulation of citric acid cycle, the glyoxylate cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5h

Digestion, mobilization, and transport of fats, oxidation of fatty acids, ketone
bodies

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4h

Metabolic fates of amino groups, nitrogen excretion and the Urea cycle, pathways
of amino acid degradation

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6h

Electron-transfer reactions in mitochondria, ATP synthesis, regulation of oxidative
phosphorylation, mitochondrial genes:their origin and the effects of mutations, the
role of mitochondria in apoptosis and oxidative stress, general features of
photophosphorylation, light absorption, the central photochemical event:light-
driven electron flow, ATP synthesis by photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4h

Photosynthetic carbohydrate synthesis, photorespiration and the C4 and CAM
pathways, biosynthesis of starch and sucrose, synthesis of cell wall
polysaccharides:plant cellulose and bacterial peptidoglycan, integration of
carbohydrate metabolism in the plant cell

Lipid Biosynthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6h
Biosynthesis of fatty acids and eicosanoids, biosynthesis of triacylglycerols,
biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, biosynthesis of cholesterol, steroids,
and isoprenoids
Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Nucleotides,
and Related Molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3h
Overview of nitrogen metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, molecules
derived from amino acids, biosynthesis and degradation of nucleotides

Hormonal Regulation and Integration of Mammalian Metabolism . . . . . . . . . . 3h

Hormones:diverse structures for diverse functions, tissue-specific metabolism:the
division of labor, hormonal regulation of fuel metabolism, obesity and the
regulation of body mass

Course hours:
Monday: 2.40-4.30 pm
Tuesday: 10.40-12.30 pm

Grading:
1st Exam: 30 % May 4th , 2021 Tuesday: 10.40-12.30 pm

2nd Exam: 30 % June 15h , 2021 Tuesday: 10.40-12.30 pm

Final Exam: 40% June/July, 2021