Nat

ionalTex
til
eUni
ver
sit
y

B.
S.Tex
til
eEngi
neer
ing

Pr
act
icalLabRepor
t

Cour
seCode:TE-
3112

Cour
seTi
tl
e:Fi
berSc
ienc
es

Pr
act
icalNo. 12

Ti
tl
eofPr
act
ical Deter
minat
ionofbl
endr
ati
oofgi
venpol
yes
terc
ott
onbl
ended
sample.

St
udentName MuhammadWaqas

Regi
str
ati
onNo. 18-
NTU-
146

Semester/ 4/D(
Gar
ment
sManuf
act
uri
ng)
Sect
ion

Dateoflab Sep21,2020
repor
t
submiss
ion
Abs
trac
t:
Thepur
pos
eoft
hisex
per
imentwast
odet
ermi
net
hebl
endr
ati
oinagi
venpol
yes
ter
cottonbl endeds ample.Bl endr at
iodet ermi nationi nvolvescalculati
ngt heper cent ages
ofi ndivi
dualf i
berc ontentsi nt hewhol ebl endeds ampl e.Si
nc et hepol y
es t
erc otton
blendi smadeofanat uralf i
berandas y ntheticf i
ber,phy s
icalt es
tc annotdot he
quant it
ati
v eanalysi
s.Wec annotdet erminet hequant it
yofeac hbyphy si
calt estsas
bothhav eal mostsamef eelandal s oitcannotbedi f
ferenti
ablebyc ertainphy sicaltest
l
ikebur ning.Howev er,byus i
ngc hemi c
almet hodsi n whi ch apor t
ion ofs ampl eis
dissol
v ed,ther ati
oc an bef ound out .Sul furicac ids olut
ion waspr epar ed and t he
blendeds ampl ewasdi ssolvedi nit.Aftert hat,calculati
onswer eper f
ormedont hebas i
s
oft otalwei ght
,weightdi ssolvedandr esidualwei ght.Andt hrought her esultsoft hese
calculati
on t herati
on ofbl end wasf ound outt hatgav eindividualper centagesof
polyes t
erandc ottonint hebl end.
I
ntr
oduc
tion:
Manyf abric
sar emadebybl endedyarnthatcontai
nsablendofanat uralandsyntheti
c
fi
berhav ing common des i
red feat
ures
.Thi shasmany adv antages.Howev er,itis
i
mpor t
antt ok now andc ontrolt
heblendr at
ioaccordi
ngtodesi
redpr opert
iesandend
use.Bl
endsar eal
soc reatedt hr
oughopt i
mizat
ioni.e.anopt
imum r ati
onofbot ht he
fi
bersi
sr equir
edforthebl end.

Obj
ect
ive:

 Todet
ermi
net
hebl
endr
ati
oint
hegi
venpol
yes
terc
ott
onbl
endeds
ampl
e.
Theor
y:

Weof tenc reat

ebl endsoffibershavingcomparati
vel
ysi
milarproperti
esandef f ec
ts.The
i
mpor tantr eas
onf orbl
endingf iber
sistoproducebett
erperformanc e.Thec ostofan
expensiv
ef abri
cc anbeef fectiv
elyreducedbyc r
eati
ngblends.Also,byc reat
ingbl ends
wec ani mpr ovethec haracteri
sti
csthatmaybepoori nonef iberbybl endingi twith
anotherfiberthatmayex celi nthatchar
acter
is
ti
cs.

 PCy
arn:
Apol y
est
ercott
onblendedyar
niscal
ledaPCy ar
n,buti
ngeneralwher
et he
amountofpolyest
eri
smor et
hancot
tonfi
beri
scal
ledPCyar
n.HerePCstands
forpol
yes
ter
-cott
on.
  CVCy
arn:
I
nac ottonpolyest
erblendedy arn,whent
heamountofc ot
tonismorethan
poly
esterfi
ber,i
tiscal
ledCVCy arn.Her
eCVCs t
andsf
orc
hiefv
alueofc
ott
oni.e.
therat
ioofc ott
onisal
way sabove50% ormore.

 Det
ermi
nat
ionoff
iberc
ompos
iti
oni
nagi
vens
ampl
e:
Todet er
minet hecompos it
ionofdi f
ferentfi
bersinabl endedfabri
cwehav eto
applychemicaltest
.Theremaybebot hsynt
heticandnat ur
alfi
berspres
ent.They
cannotbedifferent
iatedbyphy si
caltestsl
ik
ebur ningetc.buti
nc hemicalt
est,i
f
i
tdissolv
esins omes peci
fi
cc hemi
cal,wec anidenti
fythatfi
berport
ionofaf abri
c.

Equi
pmentandmateri
als
:
 Pol
yes
terc
ott
onblend
 Cot
tonc
ombf
ibers
ort
er
 For
ceps
 Bl
ackv
elv
etpadorbl
ackf
oam pad
 Tr
acepaper
 H2SO4.

Pr
ocedure:
 Pr eparat
ionof70% H2SO4.Took30mLofdi
st
il
ledwaterin250mlfl
ask
.Pure70
±2mlH2SO4( 95%-98%)slowl
yheatwi
l
levol
vether
eforeputfl
aski
nf r
eez
erto
reducetemperat
ureof25◦C
 Thenthes
peci
menwasprepar
ed.Thesampl
ewaswas
hedwi
thdi
st
il
ledwat
ert
o
remov
eoil
,st
arch,wax
esandf
ini
shes
.
 For
eignmat
terwasr
emov
edbybeat
ingi
ndi
st
il
ledwat
erorex
trac
twi
thor
gani
c
sol
vent
s.
 Thespec
imenwaswel
lri
nsedi
ndi
st
il
ledwat
er,dr
iedandc
ondi
ti
onedf
or24
hour
sin.
 s
tandar
dat
mos
pher
eof65±2% r
elat
ivehumi
dit
yand20±2◦
Ctemper
atur
e.
 Di
ssol
vedonec
omponent(
cot
ton)
.Took1.
5gs
pec
imenaf
terc
ondi
ti
oni
ng.
  Thes
pec
imenwasputi
n250mlEr
lenmey
erf
las
k.
 Added150mlof70% H2SO4ac
idands
hookt
hel
i
quorf
oronemi
nut
e.
 Al
lowt
hel
i
quort
oreac
tfor15mi
nut
esat15◦
C–25◦
C.
 Shookt
hel
i
quorf
oronemi
nut
eandal
lowedt
oreac
tfor15mi
nut
es.
 Shookt
hel
i
quorf
or3r
dti
meandhel
dforf
ewmi
nut
es.
 Fi
nal
lyf
il
ter
edt
hemi
xtur
eins
tandar
dcent
eredc
ruc
ibl
e.
 Was
hedt
her
esi
duewi
thdi
st
il
ledwat
eranddr
iedi
nov
enat105◦
C-110◦
C.
 Pl
aced t
he c
ruc
ibl
ein des
icc
atorf
orc
ondi
ti
oni
ng oft
he r
esi
due Is
tandar
d
at
mospheref
oronehour
.
 Ther
esi
duewaswei
ghedi
ngr
ams
.

Res
ult
sandobs
erv
ati
ons
:

Wei
ghtofov
endr
yspec
imen=E=1.
5g

Ov
endr
ywei
ghtofc
ont
entoff
iberasr
esi
due=Wi=1g

Cont
entoff
iber% asr
esi
due(
pol
yes
ter
)=x
i=(
Wi/
E)100
=(
1/1.
5)×100
=66.
7%
Cont
entofdi
ssol
vedf
iber
%(c
ott
on)=C =100-
xi

=100-
66.
7
=33.
3%
PCbl
endr
ati
o=P:
C=66.
7:33.
3
Di
scus
sion:

Blendedf abriccons ist

sofc ombinat i
onofs yntheticandnat uralfibers.Thisisdonef or
manypur posess uc hasbet terperformanceoff abr i
c,costef f
ecti
v enessetc .howev er,it
i
si mportantt hatt hesefi
berc ontentsareaddedi nanopt imum r ati
o.So,i tisnec essary
tomeas ur ethebl endr at
iooff abri
cwhi c
haf fectsendus e.Al s
o,asi nabov eex periment
weus eds ulf
ur i
cac idthatdissol
vedc ott
onfiberc ontentoft hef abric,c
onv ersely,wec an
useac hemi calthatmaydi ssolvepolyest
ercont ent,butitiseas yt odissolvet henat ural
fi
bercont entoft hef abri
c.

Conc
lus
ion:

The bl
ended f
abri
cc onsi
sts ofpolyes
terand c ott
on.The fibercompos
it
ion was
det
ermi
nedbyc hemic
almet hods.Thepoly
estercot
ton(PC)blendrat
iowascalc
ulat
ed
tobe66.7:
33.
3.Thisindi
catesthatthepolyest
erfi
bercontentisinmorequanti
tyas
compar
edt oc
ottonfi
bercontent
.

Saf
etyPr
ecaut
ions
:

 H2SO4i
sas
trongac
ids
owor
kwi
thi
tcar
eful
ly
.
 Keept
hel
abandi
nst
rument
saf
terus
ingi
t.