IX.

DRUG STUDY

DOSE,
NAME AND FREQUENCY
MECHANISM OF ADVERSE NURSING
CLASSIFICATION ROUTE, INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITY
OF DRUG DURATION OF
ADMINISTRATION
Generic Name: 75 mg/tab 1 tab SL Stimulates Indication: Contraindication: CV:  Assess blood
Clonidine now central alpha- Management Hypersensitivity to Reflex pressure and
adrenergic of all grades clonidine, sick sinus tachycardia, apical pulse
Brand Name: receptors to of syndrome chest pain, before initial
Catapres inhibit hypertension heart failure, dose.
symphatetic cardiac  Check for
Classification: cardio arrythmias edema in feet,
Therapeutic class: accelerator GI: legs daily
Centrally and Irritations,  Monitor input-
acting drugs vasocontrictor ulcer, output ratio:
centers constipation, check for
liver injury decreasing
GU: output
Renal  Note allergic
insufficiency, reactions:
renal failure, fever, rash,
proteinuria pruritis,
urticaria, and
ioedema
aldosterone depressed
production. The dizziness.
 Increased cardiac output,
increased delivery nausea,
and high blood sugar
and uric acid vomiting, and
aldosterone levels tachycardia.
promote sodium levels
 Assess fluid
reabsorption at the volume status
distal tubules, thus (urine, color,
increasing the loss quality and
of potassium and specific gravity)
hydrogen ions.
 DOSE,
NAME AND FREQUENCY
MECHANISM OF ADVERSE NURSING
CLASSIFICATIO ROUTE, INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITY
N OF DRUG DURATION OF
ADMINISTRATION
Generic Name: 20mg tab OD HS  Inhibits HMG-  In patients with  Active liver disease CNS: insomnia  Give the drug
Atorvastatin CoA clinically or unexplained EENT: without
reductase, an evident CAD, to persistent elevations nasopharyngitis, regard for
Brand Name: early (and rate- reduce risk of of transaminase pharynolaryngeal meals.
Lipitor limiting) step nonfatal MI, levels. pain  Teach patient
in cholesterol fatal and GI: abdominal about proper
Therapeutic class: biosynthesis. nonfatal strokes, pain, diarrhea, dietary
Antilipemics angina, HF, and dyspepsia, management,
revascularization flatulence, nausea weight
procedures. GU: UTI control, and
Musculoskeletal: exercise.
rhabdomyolysis, Explain the
arthralgia, importance in
myalgia, controlling
extremity pain, high fat
muscle spasms, levels.
musculoskeletal
pain
Skin: rash
 DOSE, FREQUENCY
NAME AND
ROUTE, DURATION MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING
CLASSIFICATION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
OF OF ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITY
OF DRUG
ADMINISTRATION
Generic Name:  4.5 gms. IV Q8 Antibacterial Treatment of Hypersensitivity to CNS: Headache, Obtain history of
Piperacillin + ANST ( ) combination moderate to severe piperacillin, tazobactam, insomnia, fever. hypersensitivity to
Tazobactam product infections caused penicillins, penicillins,
consisting of the by piperacillin- cephalosporins, or beta- GI: Diarrhea, cephalosporins, or
Brand Name: semisynthetic resistant, lactamase inhibitors such constipation, other drugs prior to
Piptaz piperacillin and piperacillin/tazobac as clavulanic acid and nausea, administration.
the beta- tam–susceptible, sulbactam. vomiting,
Therapeutic lactamase beta-lactamase– Contraindicated in dyspepsia, Lab tests: C&S
Class: Antibiotic inhibitor producing strains of patients hypersensitive to pseudomembran prior to first dose of
tazobactam. microorganisms in the drug or other ous colitis. the drug; start drug
Tazobactam the following penicillins. pending results.
component does conditions: Skin: Rash, Monitor
not decrease the appendicitis pruritus, hematologic status
activity of the (complicated by hypersensitivity with prolonged
piperacillin rupture or abscess), reactions. therapy (Hct and
component uncomplicated and Hgb, CBC with
against complicated skin differential and
susceptible and skin structure platelet count).
organisms. infections,
peritonitis, Monitor patient
postpartum carefully during the
endometritis or first 30 min after
pelvic initiation of the
inflammatory infusion for signs of
disease, hypersensitivity
community-
acquired Report rash, itching,
pneumonia or other signs of
(moderate severity hypersensitivity
only), nosocomial immediately.
pneumonia
(moderate to Report loose stools
severe). or diarrhea as these
 may indicate
pseudomembranous
colitis.

Do not breast feed

while taking this
drug without
consulting
physician.

DOSE,
NAME AND
FREQUENCY MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING
CLASSIFICATIO INDICATIONS
ROUTE, ACTION S EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITY
N OF DRUG
DURATION OF
 ADMINISTRATIO
N
Generic Name: 50mg 1 tab Q8 Used to block the Captopril is used Allergy to other ACE Hypotension,  Monitor blood
Captopril action of alone or in inhibitors. Aortic dizziness, dry pressure and
angiotensin combination of stenosis, outflow mouth, itching, pulse frequently.
Brand Names: converting enzyme other drugs for the obstruction, sleep problems,  Monitor weight
Capoten, Acepril, (ACE) which is management of renovascular disease. rashes, diarrhea, and assesses
Capomed, naturally produced hypertension. It is Pregnancy and constipation, hair patient frequently
Capotec, in the body. ACE also used in Lactation. Caution in loss, dry irritating for signs of fluid
Captogen, Captor, produces combination with cases where patients cough, changes in overload if with
Captril, angiotensin II other drugs in the also have Leukemia, the way things concurrent
which causes treatment of heart COPD, renal or thyroid taste, upset diuretic therapy.
Therapeutic constriction and failure after a disease. stomach,  assessments of
Class: ACE narrowing of the heart attack. Also abdominal pain, urine protein may
Inhibitor blood vessels used to treat shortness of breath, be ordered.
thereby increasing kidney problems agranulocytosis, Proteinuria and
blood pressure. By caused by diabetic neutropenia nephrotic
blocking ACE, nephropathy. syndrome may
production of occur with
angiotensin II therapy.
decreases allowing  Monitor BUN,
the blood vessels Crea and
to relax and widen electrolyte levels
resulting in periodically.
decrease blood  WBC should be
pressure. monitored prior
to therapy and
periodically
thereafter.

NAME AND DOSE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING

 FREQUENCY
ROUTE,
CLASSIFICATIO
DURATION OF ACTION S EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITY
N OF DRUG
ADMINISTRATIO
N
Generic Name: 1.5 gm IV ANST Action: -Treatment of Contraindicated with CNS: lethargy, • Assess
Ampicillin + Binds to bacterial infections caused by allergies to penicillins, hallucinations, patient for infection
Sulbactam cell wall, resulting susceptible strains cephalosporins, or other seizures at beginning and
in cell death. of Shigella, allergens CV: heart failure throughout course
Brand Name: Addition of Salmonella, S. GI: glossitis, of therapy
Unasyn sulbactam Typhosa, E.Coli,  Precaution: stomatitis,
increases Haemophilus Use cautiously with gastritis, sore • Obtain a
Therapeutic resistance to Beta- Influenzae, Proteus renal disorders. mouth, furry history before
Class: Anti- lactamases, mirabilis, Neisseria tongue, black initiating theraphy
infective- enzymes produced gonorrhoeae  Interactions: “hairy” tongue, to determine
Penicillin by bacteria that > meningitis caused drug-drug: increased nausea, vomiting, previous use and
may inactivate by Neisseria effect with probenecid; diarrhea reactions to
ampicillin meningitidis increased risk of rash GU: nephritis penicillins or
>prevention of with allopurinol; Hematologic: cephalosporins.
bacterial increased bleeding anemia, Person with a
endocarditis effect withheparin, oral thrombocytopenia negative history of
following dental, anticoagulants; Hypersensitivity: penicillin sensitivity
oral, or respiratory decreased effectiveness rash, fever, may still have an
procedures in very with tetracyclines, wheezing, allergic response
high-risk patients chloramphenicol, anaphylaxis
>prohylaxis in decreased efficacy of Local: pain,
caesarean section in hormonal phlebitis, • Obtain
certain high-risk contraceptives, atenolol thrombosis at specimens for
patients with ampicillin injection site culture and
drug-food: oral (parenteral) sensitivity prior to
ampicillin may be less initiating therapy.
effective with food; take Other: First dose may be
on an empty stomach. superinfections – given before
oral & rectal receiving results
moniliasis,
vaginitis • Observe
patient for signs and
symptoms of
Anaphylaxis.
Discontinue the
drug and notify the
physician
immediately if these
occur. Keep
Epinephrine, an
Antihistamine, and
Resuscitation
equipment close by
in the even of an
anaphylactic
reaction