CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION

1.Creation of new markets

Globalization implies a drastic reduction of physical barriers between countries. This has allowed the
market to diversify and expand, increasing the production of goods and services. As a result of
diversification, new markets have emerged.

2.Local regulations can go down

A globalized world gives priority to global regulations over those of each country or region. This leads to
the existence of global organizations that develop international ordinances in such varied subjects as
crime, business, intellectual property, environmental protection, labor standards, access to health,
competition policies, among other aspects.

3.Promotes cultural exchange

Globalization allows the interaction of people from different countries, with different cultural
characteristics. Cultural interrelation encourages the enrichment of experiences and allows the world to
be more connected.

4.Greater tolerance

Globalization has led people from different regions to live in a common space, which encourages them
to observe and interact. Globalization also allows us to know different realities through film, television,
literature and art, among other manifestations, and gives the space to understand them from their own
context.

5.Increased flow of information

At the present time information travels quickly to different parts of the world. Globalization has allowed
countries with very few coincidences to be able to share information channels. Different channels and
forms of communication exchange have been developed that facilitate interaction, and professionals
from different sectors focus on the development of studies and strategies that improve the flow of
information between countries.

6.Concern about learning different languages

In the globalized era it is common for people to want to learn at least one language other than the
native language. All this means that learning new languages is important for many people.

7.Free trade

Globalization is characterized by the promotion of free trade. This allows new jobs to emerge,
companies become more competitive and consumers can get lower prices.

8.Technological innovation

The technological area is one of the main elements of globalization, because it has given rise to the
platform so that, effectively, there can be interaction between regions separated from each other.
Increasingly, globalization calls on countries to invest in the technology industry, so that they can lead
the technological vanguard.

9.Threats to sovereignty

In the context of globalization, international bodies promote regulations that, in many cases, go above
and beyond the local regulations of the countries.

10.Social movements at international level

Globalization allows people from different countries to interact and form groups based on similar
concerns or interests. This allows the unification of millions of people in favor of a cause and, therefore,
a greater possibility of diffusion and generation of concrete changes.
ADVANTAGE OF GLOBALIZATION

Various advantages of globalization are as follows:-

 Wider markets: Globalization enables the companies to enter the international
market easily. It leads to free movement of goods and services among different
nations around the world. Companies can approach a large number of
customers worldwide and have a better chance to improve their sales.
 Economies of scale: It enables the businesses to benefit themselves from
economies of scale. Business can acquire cheap raw materials and labour from
abroad which would lower their cost. They can also operate their
manufacturing activities in other countries where the cost of operation is low.
This would bring down the average cost and prices for customers.
 Provides wider talent pool: Globalization provides the opportunity for
attracting creative minds around the globe. Companies have a wider option of
recruiting talented staff both from the home country as well as from several
other countries abroad.
 Reduces labour exploitation: Globalization enables the free movement of
labour among countries and save them from exploitation. They can easily
migrate to places where they are getting better opportunities. Globalization
removes all restrictions from country borders which facilitates the frequent
migration of people in search for work anywhere.
 Increase global investment: It has enabled countries in attracting both short-
term and long-term investments from across the globe. Multinational
corporations by operating internationally invest a large amount of funds in
different nations which helps in improving their economy.
 Lowers global inequality: Removing regional disparities and inequality is
another important role played by globalization. It helps in raising the standards
of living of people by supplying better quality products at the best prices in
different countries. Nations are able to acquire better technologies and ideas
from abroad which help in overall economic development.
 Earns foreign exchange: Globalization enables the countries in earning the
sufficient foreign exchange. It allows free trade among countries and removes
all restrictions on import and export of goods or services. Multinational
corporations are easily able to enter and invest in a large amount in many
countries. This way nations are able to generate a large amount of foreign
exchange.

EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION IN LANGUAGE

Language contributes to the formation of culture, such as through vocabulary,

greetings or humor. Language is in a sense the substance of culture. Languages
serve as important symbols of group belonging, enabling different groups of
people to know what ethnic groups they belong to, and what common heritages
they share. Without a language, people would lose their cultural identity.

Languages are the essential medium in which the ability to communicate across
culture develops. Knowledge of one or several languages enables us to perceive
new horizons, to think globally, and to increase our understanding of ourselves and
of our neighbors. Languages are, then, the very lifeline of globalization: without
language, there would be no globalization; and vice versa, without globalization,
there would be no world languages.

.English is distinguished from the other languages by having very significant

numbers of non-native speakers, I think it’s going to be the one most affected by
globalization.At the opposite end of the scale there are languages teetering on the
brink of extinction. More than half the world’s languages have fewer than 5,000
speakers, and there are many hundreds that have as few as a dozen. Languages are
disappearing all the time — it’s estimated that a language becomes extinct roughly
every two weeks.

It’s clear that globalization is making English especially important not just in
universities, but in areas such as computing, diplomacy, medicine, shipping, and
entertainment. No language is currently being learned by more people — there
may soon be 2 billion actively doing so — and the desire to learn it reflects a
desire to be plugged into a kind of “world brain.”

To many people, then, the spread of English seems a positive thing, symbolizing
employment, education, modernity, and technology. But to plenty of others it
seems ominous. They hold it responsible for grinding down or homogenizing their
identities and interests. It tends to equalize values and desires, without doing the
same for opportunities.

So far, so unsurprising, you might say; but globalization may well have a kind of
revenge effect. There’s a distinct chance, I think, that it will actually undermine the
position of the very native speaker who, by virtue of having a mastery of this
obviously valuable language, thinks he or she is in a strong position.
Why? Because one of the intriguing consequences of globalization is that
English’s center of gravity is moving. “