Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CLOS DU COTENTIN
VALOGNES
#DISCOVERIES
www.encotentin.fr
1
LET’S TELL A STORY
THE CLOS DU COTENTIN…
A JOURNEY BACK IN TIME
HOW DO YOU FEEL This is the right place, the Clos du Cotentin
ABOUT THAT? includes three towns rich with 2000 years of
history: Valognes, nicknamed “Le Petit Versailles
Normand” (small Normandy Versailles). Saint-
Sauveur-le-Vicomte “Bourgade jolie comme
un village d’Ecosse” (as pretty as a Scottish
village) and Bricquebec-en-Cotentin “La
cité du Donjon” (the city of the tower). The
cultural diversity is enchanting: castles, private
residences, museums, classified churches…
2
VALOGNES
OVER THE CENTURIES…
ROMAN ALAUNA THE HEYDAY OF THE ARISTOCRACY
Ancient Gallic city of the Unelles tribe, Valognes Victim of royal taxes and other heavy taxation,
became during the 1st century of our era a the Valognes craft industry tended to lose its
Roman agglomeration. This town, named vigor during the second half of the 17th century.
Alauna had important civilian buildings of This economic crisis, however, is forgotten
which remain today some imposing ruins of thanks to the unprecedented phenomenon of
Roman baths and the location of a theatre that the multiplication of tower houses built by a
held more than 3000 seats. growing urban aristocracy.
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4
BLUE CIRCUIT 16 Hôtel de Chivré, 16th-17th century,
LE GRAND QUARTIER redesigned in the 20th century - 11bis
About 30 minutes walk. rue de Wéléat.
1 Saint-Georges bridge. 17 Hôtel de Touffreville, 17th century -
11 rue Wéléat.
2 Hôtel de Beaumont, 18th century.
(see p. 6) 18 Courthouse, 1834 - Place du Général
de Gaulle (see p. 7).
3 Former payment of excise duties,
place de la Croix Morville. 19 Town Hall, rebuilt in 1955 - Place de
Gaulle.
4 Chasse Anthonne, the name of the
“rue Burnouf” on its old route.
GREEN CIRCUIT
5 Hôtel Saint-Rémy – 38 rue des BENEDICTINE WALK
Religieuses.
About 30 minutes walk.
6 Birthplace of Leopold Delisle,
paleographer – 37 rue des 1 Place du Calvaire, was once the
Religieuses. medieval marketplace where the
gallows were set-up during the
7 Hôtel Grandval-Caligny, 16th-17th Revolution.
century-32 rue des Religieuses (see
p. 6). 2 Notre-Dame de Protection Abbey,
formally the Capucin monastry, 17th
8 Hôtel du Louvre, former post century - 8 rue des Capucins (see
house, 16th -17th century - 28 rue des p. 7)
Religieuses.
3 Hôtel de Chantore, artist’s workshop -
9 Hôtel du Mesnildot de la Grille, 9 rue des Capucins.
currently Sainte-Marie school, 18th
century - 16 rue des Religieuses. 4 Hôtel de Baudreville, currently
the Franciscaine Sisters’ convent -
10 Hôtel de Thieuville rue Pelouze. 3 Place du Calvaire.
11 Maison du Grand Quartier, 16th
5 Hôtel du Mesnildot Sainte-Colombe,
century, Regional Cider Museum. currently the Sainte-Thérèse community
(see p. 6). home - 1 Place du Calvaire.
RED CIRCUIT 6 Sainte-Marie bridge with view on
OLD VALOGNES the back of the houses rue Pelouze-
Rue des Religieuses.
About 30 minutes walk.
7 Lafayette bridge with view on the
1 Public Garden, 1964, ancient garden back of the houses - Rue Saint-Malo.
Alauna of the Hôtel de Gouberville. Portal
to the ancient Ham priory of the 15th 8 Secouret bridge, Lavandière quay
roman baths century. formally a place on the river where
12 the water was not deep to walk across.
2 Home of Brégaint, a tanner. The
Che tannery, from the 15th century was 9 Former Royal Benedictine Abbey
min (currently the hospital) 17th century -
du C still active at the beginning of the
astele 1 avenue du 8 mai 1945 (see p.7).
t 20th century - 2 and 4 rue du Grand
Moulin.
YELLOW CIRCUIT
3 Parcheminerie (15th century), now the FROM “LA POTERIE” TO “LA VICTOIRE”
offices of Pays d’Art et d’Histoire -
21 rue du Grand Moulin. (see p. 6). About 45 minutes walk.
4 Museum 1 Hôtel de Vauquelin, 18th century -
conservation-Important
26 rue de Poterie.
Cha
min
Vict
7 HÔTEL DE GRANDVAL-CALIGNY
6
12 ANCIENT SEMINARY 2 NOTRE-DAME
LYCEE HENRI CORNAT DE PROTECTION
The seminary of Valognes was built from ABBEY
1654 on the site of the former manor of the The Benedictines
bishops of Coutances. The building was came to this
later transformed to a junior high school ancient monastery
before becoming a state secondary of capucin monks in 1810. Seriously damaged in 1944,
school in 1969. it was restored by the architect Jacques Prioleau.
In the church are stained-glass windows by Léon
Zack, and a magnificent altarpiece from the 17th
century framing a picture by Laurent de La Hyre.
The Benedictines make altar bread and pieces of
crystallized fruit. It is possible to access the chapel
and the shop.
9 FORMER ROYAL
BENEDICTINE ABBEY
Driven from Cherbourg
by the plague in 1626, the
Benedictines came to
Valognes. The church was
13 JULIEN DE LAILLIER MEDIA LIBRARY built from 1635 and was
C re ate d i n consecrated in 1648. Confiscated at the Revolution,
1715 by Julien the ancient Benedictine abbey has now been
d e La i l li e r, Valogne’s hospital since 1810. Outside visits only.
abbot and
parish priest
11 NOTRE-DAME D’ALLEAUME
of Valognes,
t h e li b ra ry CHURCH
was originally The old parish of Alleaume
situated in owes its name to the ancient
the seminary. Enriched at the time of the city of Alauna. The primitive
revolution, the library was moved in 1930 Romanesque church has
to the building of today. A room in the been altered and enlarged
basement, exposes the lapidary collection, throughout the centuries and contains an altarpiece
of the famous “pierre d'altar” of the in a half circle decorated with polychrome statues
ancient Ham abbey, “the most ancient of terracotta. A hundred-year-old yew tree watches
literary document of Normandy” (late over the cemetery.
7th century). Free access (depending on
12 ALAUNA ROMAN
opening hours)
BATHS
13 COURTHOUSE Amongst the most
imposing relics of
The courthouse of the Gallo-Roman
Valognes was built presence in the
from 1834 and was Cotentin, they are
completed on the the best preserved
western side by a of Normandy. Built
prison which was in the 1st century
later destroyed in of our era they bear witness to the importance
1944. of Valognes during antiquity. Designed on a
symmetrical plan, the baths had about ten rooms.
Free access.
7
BRICQUEBEC-
EN-COTENTIN
THROUGHOUT THE CENTURIES…
As reveals the etymology of its name, the origins Shortly after, the death of Robert Bertran and
of Bricquebec-en-Cotentin (from Scandinavian his two sons, who died on the battlefields, came
bekkr, waterway , preceded by brekka, the the end of a four-hundred-year dynasty.
slope) is connected to the epic invasion of the
Vikings who became solidly implanted in the Through marriage, the castle and the barony
Cotentin at the beginning of the 10th century. The of Bricquebec-en-Cotentin passed on to the
tradition attributes the foundation of the castle Paisnel family who also owned Hambye castle.
to the Scandinavian Anslech After a brief and fragile
from which would. come the period of peace, the war
long line of Bertrans and began again in 1418.
succession of loyal knights. B r ic q ue b e c- e n- Co te nt i n
Robert VIII Bertran played rapidly became occupied by
an important role during the troops of king Henry V of
the troubled times at the England.
beginning of The Hundred The castle remained
Years' War. Having obtained dominated by the English
the hand of a rich heiress for until 1450 and then in 1452
his son, he aroused anger Louis d’Estouteville, Saint-
from Geoffrey d’Harcourt, Michel’s Mont’s valiant
Sire of Saint-Sauveur-le- defender came back to take
Vicomte, a 2nd suitor to this possession, leading on to the
marriage. By revenge, he engaged in a private end of the Middle Ages.
war against his rival. Condemned for these acts,
Geoffroy d’Harcourt soon took refuge in the At the beginning of the next century, the barons
court of England and encouraged King Edward of Bricquebec-en-Cotentin abandoned the
III to conquer the Cotentin. Robert Bertran tried fortress to settle in their new residence, the
in vain to resist the English army which landed Château des Galleries, situated nearby.
at Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue on the 12th July 1346.
8
SUGGESTIONS
OF WALKS
TO DISCOVER
BRICQUEBEC-EN-COTENTIN
1 The castle. (see p.10 and 11).
2 Place des Buttes and Place Sainte-Anne host
the large Monday market. Former seignorial
parc, probably intended to house the horses of
the lord of the place.
3 Manor de la Tourelle, built at the end of the PLAN OF BRICQUEBEC-EN-COTENTIN
Middle Ages, was an outbuilding of the castle and About 45 minutes walk.
was, for a while, the residence of the chaplains of Plan by D. Hébert, Inventaire général Basse Normandie
the baron of Bricquebec-en-Cotentin.
Rue
Italy and heroic defender of Magdebourg.
Maré
19th century.
chal
6 Private mansion, 20 rue de la République.
Beautiful residence from the 18th century.
Place Gosnon Verger, monumental portal
Bertrand
8
composed of elements from the former parish
church, destroyed at the beginning of the 20th
century.
Ru
Ru
ed
Av ed
9 The old causeway reservoir that supplied water u1
es
en 1N 13
ue ov
Frè
at br
barony of Bricquebec-en-Cotentin. ig e Notre-Dame
s
no
Fré
n Church
mi
Castle
de la Ré
urg
10 herb
o
de C
arie
11 Route
Historic Monument 9
THE CASTLE
BRICQUEBEC-EN-COTENTIN
5
4
The Chartrier Tower communicated directly with a
building 5 attached to the northern castle wall,
of which today, only a beautiful fireplace from the
beginning of the 14th century exists.
The mound 1 serving as a base for Between the end of the large
the tower of Bricquebec-en-Cotentin Romanesque room and the
offers a remarkable example of keep existed another medieval
medieval earth fortification. This was dwelling 13 , which is known
probably built during the middle of about from drawings dating to the
the 11th century. early 19th century.
7
The crypt 9 corresponds to the ground floor of the
ancient 12th century seigneurial chamber. The ceiling
8
was replaced in the 14th century by an exceptional
vaulting of the intersection of the ribs. A chapel
which has now disappeared, was next to the Lord's
chamber.
11
SAINT-SAUVEUR-
LE-VICOMTE
THROUGH-OUT THE CENTURIES…
The origin of the castle dates back to the 10th
century, when the Cotentin became part of the
Duchy of Normandy. The attribution of the title
of viscount, of the masters of this barony, reveals
the high statue that they held under the first
dukes. Roger le Vicomte, who lived under the
reign of duke Richard 1st (946-998), was the first
seigneur of Saint-Sauveur of which history kept
the name.
12
WALKING SUGGESTIONS
DISCOVERING
SAINT-SAUVEUR-LE-VICOMTE
Ve
rs
6 Hôtel du Chevalier de Montressel, the uncle of
Va
log
Jules Barbey d’Aurevilly, where the writer was Sainte
ne
born, 2nd November 1808 during a game of cards.
Marie-Madeleine
s
7 Post office, inaugurated in 1938. Postel Abbey
8 Example of a Middle Ages residence, n° 13 rue Castle
Bottin Desylles. with a covered passage of which 14
the façade was completely re-organized in the 2 1 3
18th century.
Av
en
ue
9 The Presbytery which occupied a grand
D
Place A.
iv
residence at the beginning of the 17th century.
i
sio
Cousin
4
e
n
ay
6
Le
10 Parish church. Constructed in the 18 century,
bb
th
c
5
le
7
Rue
l’A
rc
largely rebuilt after The Hundred Years' War war,
de
Bott
e
then restored in the 19th century, houses a high- ueb
e
Ru
Briq 8
Vers
in D
ye
11 Residence, n° 56 rue Bottin Desylles. Another du
P uits
es
13
are to be found in the family home of the writer, a Museum12
beautiful 18th century urban residence. Barbey
d'Aurevilly
du 11 Novembre
Historic Monument
13
THE CASTLE
SAINT-SAUVEUR-LE-VICOMTE
The castle of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte consists of two successive enclosures delimiting a
high and lower courtyard.
This scheme, formally made up with a third enclosure protecting the lower part of the
town, is representative of military architecture from the time of The Hundred Years' War.
Construction was completed between 1356 and 1355 under the authority of king Edward the
third. Damaged by the siege of 1375, the building, restored by king Charles V was the subject
of various improvements over the 15th century.
14
Opposite the chapel stands the imposing stronghold of the castle 10
from the 15th century. The rectangular plan with buttresses reproduces
the model of the master towers built by the dukes of Normandy in the
Romanesque period.
The eastern boundary This plan was a practical solution, allowing military functions to be
wall 9 , connecting combined with residential use. Access was by an external staircase
the rectangular tower leading to the door of the first floor. A screw placed in a buttress at
to the north tower an angle permitted access to each of the four levels. The living rooms
was adjoined in the were equipped with fireplaces and latrines.
15th century to a large
dwelling built of earth
and wood. Recent
restoration work has
allowed to clear the
remains of chimneys Before leaving
and windows. the courtyard, the
11
visitor discovers the
CASTLE PLAN Castrale chapel 11
By Du Moncel. on the right,
10 which was restored
9
after the bombing
A in 1944.
8
3
7 B 1
11
2
6
4
5
SAINT-SAUVEUR-LE-VICOMTE
National forest : enjoy a stroll in the great outdoors!
Lait Douceur de Normandie : come and make candies with your children.
Forest Adventure : will you dare to go up high…
Etang de l’Avent : for a family, nature outing or a short fishing trip.
Leisure centre : canoeing, archery, climbing, it’s up to you…
AND AROUND
Camp Patton in Néhou : get a close-up view of a Sherman N4 tank.
The German Cemetery in Orglandes : remember the fallen German soldiers.
The Bois des Roches in Rocheville : discover megaliths and legends!
The Cul de fer in Colomby : a bucolic site with three small Roman bridges.
The Mont de Besneville : three old mills and a 360° panorama.
Etang de la Lande in Magneville : a short stroll by the water.
Animal Park in Montaigu-la-Brisette : discover animals from five continents.
Labyrinth in Yvetot-Bocage : find your way back and answer questions in the middle
of the corn.
The Pirate stopover in Saint-Martin-le-Hébert : boats for children to drive on their own!
Saint-Jouvin chapel and fountain in Brix : miraculous water!