MISTAKES IN TAPING

Mistakes – are inaccuracies in measurements which occur because some

aspect of a surveying operation is performed by the surveyor with
carelessness, inattention, poor judgment, and improper execution.

Mistakes frequently committed:

1.Reading the wrong graduation on the tape.

2. Omitting a whole length of tape
3.Transposition of figures.
4. Reading a scale backward
5. Misplacing a decimal point.
6. Incorrect recording of field notes.
7. Adding a row or column of numbers incorrectly.

Causes of Mistake:

1. Misunderstanding of the problem

2. inexperience
3. indifference of the surveyor

Sources of Errors:

1. Intrumental errors – errors due to the imperfections in the instruments

used, either from faults in their construction or from the improper
adjustments between the different parts prior to their use.
2. Natural errors
3. Personal errors

Equipments for taping

1. Plumb Bob – used to project the horizontal location of a point from one
elevation to another.
2. Tension Handle – is a spring scale which can be attached to the end of
the tape and allows applying the proper tension.

3. Chaining pins – commonly employed to mark the ends of the tape during
the process of taping.
4. Range poles – used as temporary signals to indicate the location of
points or the direction of the line.

5. Measuring Tapes
6. Wooden Stakes

7. Markers