Answers to the questions of the English exam LAT 58 March 7th 2021

SECTION ONE:
1) The vocabulary of underlined words is:
Impact: the force or action of one object hitting another. /0.5pt.
Hazardous: something that is dangerous and likely to cause damage. /0.5pt.
Effluent : liquid waste that is sent out from factories or other places, often into the sea or rivers.
/0.5pt.
Depletion: a reduction in something. /0.5 pt.
Trends: a general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are behaving.
/0.5pt.
Striving: to try very hard to do something or to make something happen, especially for
a long time or against difficulties. /0.5pt.
Substantial: large in size, value, or importance. /0.5pt.

2) Scientifically renewable source of energy means that this source is not exhaustible by its use
in producing electricity or heat (steam). It is known as solar energy which is completely
renewable because it comes from the sun. No matter how much of the sun's energy we use, the
sun will continue to shine just as much as life exists. In Algeria renewable energy source be used
to overcome energy shortage. /3 pts.

3) The top six most common are: Wind, Solar, Geothermal, Tidal, and biomass energy (gas
made from waste of forests, yards, or farms).
The main renewable sources of energy to generate electricity are:
- Hydro-power (use of water from rivers, dams, tides and ocean waves)
- Wind energy (using wind turbines)
- Solar power (using the power of the sun to heat water or produce electricity)
- Geothermal (using the heat deep under the earth's crust)
- Ocean Thermal (using surface heat and deep cold water)
- Biofuel (producing ethanol from organic material like switch-grass, corn and sugar cane husks)
/2pts.

4) Water is considered renewable resource as well as having the least solid waste during energy
production.There is a fixed amount of water on the planet. It evaporates out of the oceans into
clouds which produce rain falling on the planet through the following water cycle process:
Water evaporates from the Earth’s surface and goes up into the atmosphere where it
condenses. It then falls back onto the Earth as rain or snow and is deposited in rivers, lakes,
porous rock and the ocean.
The water will then once more begin the same cycle by evaporating from the Earth’s surface.
Water can stay in the atmosphere for up to 9 days, but it can stay in a river for up to 6 months
and up to hundreds of years in lakes or the ocean. So water is renewable in that it completes a
cycle. Water leaves the Earth but it also re-enters it and will continue to be distributed
throughout the planet, replenishing water storage. /3pts.

5) They are more expensive than other energy sources. All energy sources have considerations
of cost, availability, and infrastructure. /1pt.

6) Conversions are expensive, you get reduced range and power, filling stations are few and far
between and the cylinders take up space.1pt.

7) Characteristics of a good fuel are:

Readily available
Cheap
High calorific value
It does not leave behind any harmful substance. /2.5 pts.
SECTION TWO:
Responses to the texts studied so far.

a) The ATM is a computerized telecommunications device that enables the clients of a financial
institution to perform financial transactions without the need for a cashier, human clerk or bank
teller/1pt

b) The mechanical and electronic components that make up a microcomputer system are defined
as the hardware. This includes the CD-Rom drive, the CPU box, the floppy drive, the video
monitor, the printer, the keyboard, the speakers, and the mouse. /1pt

c) Switcher: a mechanical, electrical, or electronic device for opening or closing a circuit.

A circuit switcher is a device that channels incoming data from input port to the specific out port.
/1pt

d) A so-called fossil fuel, petroleum is believed by most scientists to be the transformed remains
of long dead organisms. The majority of petroleum is thought to come from the fossils of plants
and tiny marine organisms. Larger animals might contribute to the mix as well. /1pt