OSPF

Concepts & operation

How OSPF work

How OSPF table are built

 OSPF is link state protocol’s

 OSPF multicast address (224.0.0.5 All OPPF router 224.0.0.6 designated Router)
 OSPF used DIJKSTRA shortest path fast algorithm determined

Other chart OSOP include

 OSPF only IP Routing

 Ad value 110
 No hop count limit
 Equal cost LB

3 Table Type OSPF

 Neighbor table (directly connected )

 Topology Table ( complete into about network in same area but no info about other area
( hear we can backup Route)
 Routing Table ( Best Route)

Incremental update 10 sec

Dead 40 sec

** High ip of the logical interface this is Router ID**

** All the router OSPF must have the same database

OSPF packet Type

 Hello packet.
 Database description packet. ...
 Link-state update packet. ...
 Link-state request packet. ...
 Link-state acknowledgment packet.

Which layer is OSPF?

layer 4
OSPF is implemented as a layer 4 protocol, so it sits directly on top of IP. Neither TCP nor
UDP are used, so to implement reliability OSPF has a checksum and its own built-in ACK
OSPF 7 stage process

 Down>Init>2way>Exert>Exchange>Lording> Full

Down

 Init Stage

 2way stage

Hellow I am router

 Exert Stage
 I will start exchange our router ID
No I will start exchange because I have Hight router ID

 Exchange Stage

Hear is summary of my LSDB

This is my LSDB

 Lording Stage

Both link are up

 Full Stage
 Full

Stack OSPF
 Subnet mismatch
 Interface down
 Interface passive
 Area mismatch
 Time mismatch

Area

OSPF is big size network,

All router OSPF must have a same data base
Orea is logical grouping of router

*** maintains the database all router ,but don’t maintain another area router .
*** All database update router won area nothing update another areas router.
OSPF Area Rules

 Area 0 Must backbone area trust area

 Area 0 backbone mandatary
 ABR mention database both area
 ABR responsible both router exchange database

OSPF virtual Link

 Virtual link is connected always ABR to ABR , always connected Area 0 there link is optional

OSPF network type

 Point to point
 Booadcust multicust network
 NBMA Non Broadcast multi area

DR , BDR

 Router having Hight priority is DR

 Router having second Hight priority is BDR
 Default priority value is 1

**In the cash priority value is same router with Hight router ID is DR 2 nd is BDR
 ** 0 priority value can not became DR & BDR

DR/BDR election neighbor

 DR/BDR -----DR other ------Full

 DR outer ---DR/BDR -------Full
 DR outer-- DR outer-------2way

OSPF EIGRP

Hop count Unlimited Max 255 by default 1

Area Area supported Dose not supported Area

OSPF is a generic protocol EIGRP is private for Cisco

Link state protocol  Distance vector protocol

 OSPF only supports load balancing EIGRP supports load balancing of

of equal matric unequal path metrics
OSPF is Cost type. EIGRP path metrics are complex, and

Hello time 10 dead time 40 Hello time 5 dead time 150

LSA
 LSA can not modified
 LSA age 3600 sec after 60 min LSA is expire
 After expire LSA originate build up another LSA
 LSA travel with age
 Always Updated Sequence number With LSA
 Checksum

Type Of Lsa
 LSA 1 EVERY ROUTER GENERATE FLOODED WITH in the area . prefix list only
advised(connected interface)
 LSA 2 r only happen when DR BDR present in the Network . flooded within area.
advised all router id
 LSA 3 only generate by ABR it flooded all over the area.it also advised Prefix

 LSA 4 it also generate by ABR that indicates one ASBR or Another routing protocol
present in ospf network
 LSA 5 ONLY GENARATE BY ASBR EXTERNAL ROUTE OR PREFIX
 LSA7 IT GENARATE BY ABR WHEN ANY EXTERNAL ROUTE WANT TO ENTER OR
INJECTED IN OSPF