I.

SUMMARY OF ALL MANAGEMENT

APPROACH

a. Definition
Management is a particularly important form of human
activity; contains vast, diverse and complex content and is
always moving, changing and developing.

b. Contents of approaches

1b F.W Taylor (1856-1915) approaches management from

an economic-technical perspective
Management is getting things done through others &
knowing exactly what they get done in the best and
cheapest way.
*Pros
Equally distribute value to the right professional, with
high work efficiency
*Cons
Because it is the cheapest way to get the job done
through someone else => Sometimes employees feel
unpaid if their work pressure is too high

2b Fayol (1886-1925) approach to process management

 Management is predicting and planning, organizing,
coordinating and controlling.
*Pros
The plan is implemented according to a methodical
system => shortening time and optimizing performance
*Cons
Because it is done according to the plan => it is necessary
to be flexible in some situations, otherwise it will be
stamped by the machine

3b M.P Follet (1868-1933) approaches management from

the perspective of human relations
Management is the art of getting your work done through
others.
*Pros
Upholding human values, always putting people first =>
showing respect for their ability to work and
achievements
*Cons
Because it is completed by others => need to be aware
of their responsibilities, avoid taking advantage of
employees => conflicts, internal conflicts

4b Barnard (1866-1961) approached management from the

perspective of systems theory
 Management is not the job of the organization but the
professional work to maintain and develop the
organization. What determines the survival and growth
of an organization is the willingness to cooperate, the
recognition of a common goal, and the ability to
communicate.
*Pros
Being aware of the capabilities of a community =>
evaluating things objectively. From there, select useful
values to bring to the organization
*Cons
Because it is the cooperation of many parties =>
information interference, disagreement => affecting the
progress of completing the project - goals

5b Simon (1916) approach to management through decision

All work of the organization takes place only after the
decision of the management subject
*Pros
It is easy to complete the goal in an early time because
there is a specific plan from the decision of the manager
*Cons
Passive, can't make decisions, have to depend a lot on
management => difficult to develop
6b Paul Hersey and Ken Blanc Harh Situational Management
Approach
There is no single best management and leadership
approach for all different situations. The manager will
choose the management method based on the specific
situation.
*Pros
Flexible, proactive in providing specific and useful
solutions in all cases
*Cons
Management is ambiguous and depends too much on
future situations => fails to give specific strategies, plans
& contingency plans

7b J.H. Donnelly, James Gibson and J.M. Ivancevich

approach management through the collaboration of many
people.
Management is a process performed by one or more
people to coordinate the activities of others to achieve
results that cannot be achieved by one person acting
alone.
*Pros
Work problems are solved quickly
*Cons
Being too dependent on others
ii. LEADERSHIP THEORY

a. Personality Theory

The Leadership Personality Theory builds on the belief

that all great leaders have intrinsic traits that make
them a great leader; In other words, the leader is born,
not made.

*Pros
Select qualified people from the beginning => shorten
the training process

*Cons
Consider ethical people, always putting the interests of
the organization first. Because it depends a lot on
personality, leaders often make subjective and
emotional decisions

b. Behavior Theory

The Behavioral Theory believes that great leadership is

the result of leadership behaviors that clearly
demonstrate the leader's effective role at work. From
this perspective, we can say that, by learning effective
 leadership practices, anyone can be a great leader: a
great leader is made, not born. out.
*Pros
Covering all knowledge - professional ability of the
leader => flexible and proactive in all situations
*Cons
Leaders need to clearly define their leadership style. If
autocratic => decisive pressure, imposed on
subordinates. If democracy => cannot manage the
opinions of many employees…

c. The Doctrine of Randomness

Success depends on many variable factors, including

leadership style, the qualities of team members, and
environmental characteristics. Contingency theory
states that effective leadership depends on a balance
between the leader's style and the demands of the
situation.

*Pros
Organizations can count on the ability to adapt, flexibly
offer specific solutions, suitable for unexpected
situations.

*Cons
 The pressure to adapt is too high => sometimes it will
affect the performance & efficiency of work

d. Theory of Power & Influence

This theory focuses on analyzing how a leader can

motivate his or her members to work by using power
and influence.

*Pros
It will be a shining example for members to follow, easily
strengthen discipline in the working environment =>
increase personal awareness => high work efficiency

*Cons
Excessive abuse will lead to autocracy, taking advantage
of other people's labor => laziness, irresponsibility =>
disobedient members => internal turmoil => indirect
effects on the organization

iii. EXAMPLE OF 2 BUSINESSES

Excel – ielts Starbucks

center
Managing Management Partners is divided
method from an into 4 positions in
economic - 1 shift: barista,
technical cashier, customer
perspective: the support & shift
work is divided supervisor
specifically for The positions in
departments such the shift rotate,
as admin, sales, support each
marketing, other when the
teachers, number of
accounting... customers is
overloaded, the
The coordination cashier can work
of many people's as a bar, the shift
activities: leader can work as
a cashier...
departments go to
high schools
together to collect
data => online
marketing.
Besides, offline
marketing
introduces the
center,
coordinates with
the Admin for you
to take the
 entrance test
Leadership Theory of power Behavioral
theory & influence: theory: leaders
chairman uses an must undergo a lot
autocratic of training => be
leadership model, proactive in all
decides on all situations. At the
decisions, rarely same time, it is
hears opinions responsible for
from managers connecting all
from other members, having
departments => full qualities and
the center has professional
fewer and fewer knowledge for
students and others to learn
difficult to and follow.
develop…

iv. From the above concepts and examples, we can

conclude that the management approach &
leadership theory that are suitable for the
contemporary business world are:

Process management: we can clearly plan the

upcoming plans. from there to give specific strategies
 and tactics to deploy, and realize. At the same time,
think of a backup plan to be proactive in all situations
Management from an economic - technical
perspective: individuals can focus on solving problems
within their professional capacity. However, managers
need to have basic knowledge of the fields to easily
control the performance & work consciousness of each
individual.
Management from the perspective of human relations:
People decide 75% of the results. Always put people
first. Listening to opinions, creating opportunities &
internal culture for individuals to have more affection
and solidarity => creating a happy atmosphere at work
=> increased efficiency and effectiveness

_Behavior leadership theory: Leaders have a vision =>

have an objective view and rich methods to develop
the business

Contingent Leadership Theory: leaders take initiative,

adapt to each situation. Calmly analyze, strengthen
members' trust & be flexible in all cases

v. GENERAL CONFIGURATION FOR

DIFFERENT BUSINESS LINES
 Whether it's a service, real estate or airline business...
we also need a person:

* Management: has high expertise, good ethics,

teamwork spirit & connects people, updates trends and
market psychology. From there, make a detailed plan,
analyze with the members, come up with a specific
strategy for implementation and realization. Besides,
control the status of the completion progress of the
project

*Leadership: has influence over team members. High

responsibility => offer strategies & tactics to increase
value for the business. Strengthen internal culture,
adapt and timely innovate methods based on current
situation

vi. RECOMMENDATIONS ON MANAGEMENT

ACCESS & LEADERSHIP THEORY SHOULD BE
APPLY AT FPT SOFTWARE COMPANY

With 21 years of development & is the largest software

company in Vietnam - ranked in the top 100 global
Outsourcing service providers assessed by the
International Association of Outsourcing Professionals,
management approaches as well as leadership theories
If it is doing its role well, it should still be promoted.

However, since it is the 4.0 era and the company's

strength is technology, we can apply digital
transformation to management & leadership
approaches.

For example: create an online training course for senior

managers instead of using manual slide cards
knowledge... or create an app that controls the number
of days off, salary and bonus so that employees can
easily track => optimizing capacity for HR and
Accounting because now there is integrated automatic
technology…