School of Engineering and Sciences

Thermodynamics
Dr. Jorge Francisco Estela

Workshop 5-212
Entropy

1. Demonstrate that the following processes are irreversible:

• A body of mass m falls to the ground from an initial height z.
• Two bodies of identical mass m and specific heat cp, one at temperature TA and the
other at TB, reach thermal equilibrium at temperature Teq.
• The adiabatic free expansion of an ideal gas from volume V1 to double the volume.
(JFE 5-201)

2. A cylinder fitted with a movable piston contains water at 3 MPa, 50 per cent quality, at
which point the volume is 20 litres. The water now expands to 1.2 MPa as a result of
receiving 600 kJ of heat from a large source at 300°C. It is claimed that the water does 124
kJ of work in the process. Is this possible? (S/B/VW 8.30)
R: Yes

3. An adiabatic turbine receives steam at 2000 kPa and 350°C, and discharges at 10 kPa with
quality of 95 percent. Calculate the isentropic efficiency, the specific work, and the
generation of entropy of the turbine. (JFE 5-201)
R: 71.9 percent; 671.97 kJ/kg; 0.8189 kJ/kg.K

4. An adiabatic turbine delivers 2500 kW and is supplied with steam at 700°C, 2 MPA, and the
exhaust is at 10 kPa. The isentropic efficiency is 90 percent. Determine the temperature, or
quality, of the exhaust and calculate the mass flow feeding the turbine. (JFE 5-201)
R: 85.4°C, 1.99 kg/s

5. Consider two steam generators, one at 4.5 MPa, 300°C and the other at 8 MPa, 500°C. Each
generator feeds a turbine, both of which exhaust at 1.2 MPa and have isentropic efficiency
of 87 per cent. The combined power output is 20 MW. The two exhaust flows are mixed
adiabatically to produce saturated steam at 1.2 MPa. Calculate the total entropy increase.
R: 0.46 kW/K. (S/B/VW 9.72)

6. Steam at 800 kPa and 260ºC flows through a pipeline. The line is connected to a 1.42-m3
tank that initially contains steam at 100 kPa and 175°C. The valve is opened and steam
enters the tank until the pressure reaches that of the pipeline. Heat is transferred from the
tank throughout the process to keep the temperature at 175ºC. The surroundings are at
27ºC. Determine the total change of entropy (JFE 6-112)
R: 3.97 kJ/K.
School of Engineering

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