Have you ever thought about how nature likes to arrange itself in patterns in

order to act efficiently? Nothing in nature happens without a reason, all of

these patterns have an important reason to exist and they also happen to be
beautiful to watch. 
A spiral is a curved pattern that focuses on a center point and a series of
circular shapes that revolve around it. Examples of spirals are pine cones,
pineapples, hurricanes. The reason for why plants use a spiral form like the
leaf picture above is because they are constantly trying to grow but stay
secure. A spiral shape causes plants to condense themselves and not take up
as much space, causing it to be stronger and more durable against the
elements. 

Spirals are common in plants and in some animals, notably molluscs. For

example, in the nautilus, a cephalopod mollusc, each chamber of its shell is
an approximate copy of the next one, scaled by a constant factor and arranged
in a logarithmic spiral. Given a modern understanding of fractals, a growth
spiral can be seen as a special case of self-similarity.
Plant spirals can be seen in phyllotaxis, the arrangement of leaves on a stem,
and in the arrangement (parastichy) of other parts as in composite flower
heads and seed heads like the sunflower or fruit structures like the pineapple
and snake fruit, as well as in the pattern of scales in pine cones, where
multiple spirals run both clockwise and anticlockwise. These arrangements
have explanations at different levels – mathematics, physics, chemistry,
biology – each individually correct, but all necessary together. Phyllotaxis
spirals can be generated mathematically from Fibonacci ratios: the Fibonacci
sequence runs 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13... (each subsequent number being the sum of
the two preceding ones). For example, when leaves alternate up a stem, one
rotation of the spiral touches two leaves, so the pattern or ratio is 1/2.
In hazel the ratio is 1/3; in apricot it is 2/5; in pear it is 3/8; in almond it is
5/13. In disc phyllotaxis as in the sunflower and daisy, the florets are
arranged in Fermat's spiral with Fibonacci numbering, at least when the
flowerhead is mature so all the elements are the same size. Fibonacci ratios
approximate the golden angle, 137.508°, which governs the curvature of
Fermat's spiral.
From the point of view of physics, spirals are lowest-energy configurations
which emerge spontaneously through self-organizing processes in dynamic
systems.From the point of view of chemistry, a spiral can be generated by a
reaction-diffusion process, involving both activation and inhibition.
Phyllotaxis is controlled by proteins that manipulate the concentration of the
plant hormone auxin, which activates meristem growth, alongside other
mechanisms to control the relative angle of buds around the stem. From a
biological perspective, arranging leaves as far apart as possible in any given
space is favoured by natural selection as it maximises access to resources,
especially sunlight for photosynthesis.