Frequenz 2014; 68(9–10): 489 – 495
Jelena A. Anastasov*, Goran T. Djordjevic, Stefan R. Panic and Mihajlo C. Stefanovic
Evaluations of SSC Diversity Receiver over EGK
Fading Channels
Abstract: In this paper, a detailed performance analysis
of  switch-and-stay combining receivers over non identi-
cal  distributed extended generalized K fading channels
is  presented. The analysis has been performed in both
noise and interference-limited environments (the level of
interference or noise is ignored, respectively). The expres-
sions for the output signal-to-noise (SNR) and signal-to-­
interference (SIR) probability density function and cumu-
lative distribution function, in a form of Fox’s H functions,
are presented. Based on this, analytical expressions for
evaluating the moments, outage probability, average bit
error rate and average channel capacity are derived. The
influence of fading and shadowing phenomena, as well
as  the influence of unbalanced input SNR/SIR on the
most  important performance metrics is obtained. Pre-
sented numerical results are confirmed by Monte Carlo
simulations.
Keywords: co-channel interference, diversity, error proba-
bility, fading, noise, shadowing
PACS® (2010). 84.40.Ua
DOI 10.1515/freq-2014-0019
Received February 11, 2014.
1 Introduction
Signal transmission in wireless communication systems is
often simultaneously corrupted by multipath fading and
shadowing phenomena. The main cause of the fading ex-
istence is delaying, reflecting and scattering of the signal
components, opposed to the shadowing phenomena
caused by the presence of many ambient objects during
*Corresponding author: Jelena A. Anastasov: Department of
Telecommunications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, University
of Nis, Nis, Serbia. E-mail: jelena.anastasov@elfak.ni.ac.rs
Goran T. Djordjevic, Mihajlo C. Stefanovic: Department of
Telecommunications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, University
of Nis, Nis, Serbia
Stefan R. Panic: Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics,
University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
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propagation. In the literature, there are a lot of exploited
models for describing transmission over mentioned con-
ditions. For example Rayleigh, Ricean, Nakagami-m and
Weibull distributions fit well in describing multipath
fading channel conditions, and Gamma distribution is a
good approximation for the lognormal-shadowed chan-
nels [1]. To depict the composite fading channels, K [2]
and  generalized-K (GK) [3] distributions as acceptable
solutions were proposed. More recently, the extended
­generalized-K (EGK) distribution [4] was approved as a
distribution which includes all important distributions as
its special or limiting cases and can be observed as very
general and convenient for describing great variety of
fading/shadowing channel conditions. Summary of distri-
butions that can be obtained from the EGK distribution
are given in [4, Table I].
In most of wireless communication systems Gaussian
noise is a front-end source of the performance impair-
ment. The systems that are under dominant noise influ-
ence are called noise-limited (NL) ones. Apart from this
fact, in cellular communication systems, the level of
noise  can be ignored because of dominant influence of
co-channel interference (CCI) imposed by the neighboring
cells using the same frequency. The severe CCI in the cell-
edge area can considerably degrade the system perfor-
mance [1]. Those are so-called interference-limited (IL)
systems. In diminishing fading influence in both NL and
IL systems, space diversity techniques are shown to be
very good solution. Among them the switch-and-stay com-
bining (SSC) technique is the most exploited one as a less
expensive and with the lowest complexity nature. The SSC
receiver selects a particular branch until the value of the
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or signal-to-interference ratio
(SIR) of that branch (in NL or IL environment, respec-
tively) drops below a predetermined threshold. Then the
combiner switches to another branch and stays there re-
gardless of the SNR/SIR value of that branch [1].
The performance analysis of SSC receiver over gener-
alized Gamma channels in NL environment was proposed
in [5]. Also, brief performance evaluations for the output
SNR of many diversity receivers including SSC receiver,
operating over GK fading channels are presented in [6]. A
lot of papers were published relaying on the performance
analysis in environment corrupted by CCI [7].
490   J. A. Anastasov et al., Evaluations of SSC Diversity Receiver over EGK Fading Channels

As we mentioned before EGK distribution is the most In the presence of the additive white Gaussian noise
general distribution. The analytical expressions of the (AWGN), the instantaneous SNR is denoted by G = X 2 / N 0,
­important statistic measures for the system operating over where N0 represents the power spectral density of
the EGK fading and Gaussian noise were given in [4]. Some AWGN,  while the average SNR is expressed as= γ E[=G]
elementary performance evaluations over EGK single E[ X 2 ]/ N 0 = Ω / N 0, where E[.] denotes the expectation
channel IL environment were presented in [8]. Based on operator. According to this and starting from (1), the
­
the expressions derived in [4] and [8], some new evalua- PDF  of the instantaneous SNR can be obtained in the
tions are performed in this paper, and the SSC receiver form
in  both NL and IL EGK environment is analyzed for the
first time. The expressions for evaluating the moments of  − ,− 
1  β sβ 
the SSC output SNR/SIR, outage probability, average bit ()
pG γ = H 2,0
 γ 1   1   . (2)
error rate (ABER) for some binary modulation formats and ( ) ( )
Γ ms Γ m γ
0,2
 γ  ms ,  ,  m,  
 ξs   ξ  

average channel capacity are given. Some of the expres-
sions, derived in this paper, can be simplified into already
Starting from the basic definition, mn = E γ n  , the nth
published results. The analytical results are confirmed by
order moment of γ, can be derived by using [11, eq. (2.8)] in
Monte Carlo simulations.
the following form
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In Sec­
tion 2, the basic statistic measures of single NL and IL
 n  n
EGK channels are given. The detailed performance analy- Γ  ms +  Γ  m +  n
 ξs   ξ  γ 
sis of SSC receiver over mentioned channel conditions is mn =
NL
  . (3)
reported in Section 3. In Section 4, numerical and simula- ( ) ( )
Γ ms Γ m  β sβ 
tion results are discussed and conclusions are offered in
Furthermore, we obtained the CDF of the instanta-
Section 5.
()
γ

()
neous SNR, FG γ = ∫ pG t dt , by using [10, eq. (2.8.17)]
0

2 Channel models and simplifying the Fox’s H function using [10, eq. (2.1.9)],
in the following form

2.1 Noise-limited environment
1

 (1,1) 

()
FG γ = 2,1 β s β
H 1,3   1   1 .
( ) ( ) ( )
γ
Let us observe an environment where the desired signal Γ ms Γ m  γ  ms ,  ,  m,  , 0,1 
  ξs   ξ  
envelope, X, experiences EGK fading. The PDF of the de­ (4)
sired signal envelope considering [4, eq. (2), with correc-
tion of one typo] and using transformation given in [9,
eq. (6.22)], can be described as
2.2 Interference-limited environment
 − ,− 
2  
()
pX x = 2,0 β s β 2
H 0,2  x  1   1  , (1)
 In the IL environment, both the desired signal envelope,
( ) ( )
Γ ms Γ m x  Ω m ,
 s 

, m,
ξ s   ξ  
 R, and interfering signal envelope, r, have EGK distri­

butions. The PDF of the instantaneous SIR, defined as
where parameters m and ξ represent the fading order z = R 2 / r 2, is given by [8, eq. (6)]
and  fading shaping factor, respectively, while ms and ξs
represent the shadowing severity and shadowing shaping 1
()
pz z =
factor, respectively. The average signal power is denoted ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Γ msd Γ md Γ msc Γ mc z
by Ω, β = ( ) ( )
Γ m + 1 /ξ / Γ m , βs = ( ) ( )
Γ ms + 1 / ξ s / Γ ms , and   1  1 
()
Γ . is the Gamma function [9, (1.1)]. The Fox’s H function, 
2,2  β sd β d
 1 − msc ,  ,  1 − mc ,  
 ξ sc   ξc  
, (5)
(
 ai , Ai )  × H 2,2 β β Sz  1  1  
defined as [10, eq. (1.1.2)], is denoted by H mp ,,qn  z 1, p 
,  sc c m
 sd , ,
 dm ,  

j(
 b , B
j ) 
1,q 

  ξ sd   ξd  
where p, q, m, n are integers such that 0 ≤ m ≤ q , 0 ≤ n ≤ p;
ai , b j ∈ C , where C is the set of complex numbers, and where the previously defined parameters in Eq. (1) are
( )
Ai , B j ∈ R+ = 0, ∞ , (i = 1, p; j = 1, q ). indexed by d for the desired signal and c for interfer-

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  J. A. Anastasov et al., Evaluations of SSC Diversity Receiver over EGK Fading Channels   491

ing  one, and S =Ω d / Ω c represents value of the average  P1 P2 2

SIR.
 ∑ pΔ i Δ , ( ) 0 < Δ ssc ≤ ΔT
 P1 + P2 i=1
We derived the nth order moment of the instanta- pΔ ssc ( )
Δ = 2  p Δ ( )  , ,
 P1 P2 ( )
neous SIR by using [11, eq. (2.8)], in the following form ∑  p Δ + Δi
 P1 + P2 i=1  Δi Pi 
Δ ssc > ΔT
  
(9)

Γ  msd +
n   n  n   n
 Γ  md +  Γ  msc −  Γ  mc −  ( )
where pΔi Δ is defined as Eq. (2) or (5) in NL or IL envi-
mnIL = 
ξ sd   ξd   ξ sc   ξc  ronment, respectively.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Γ msd Γ md Γ msc Γ mc The nth order moment of the output SNR is derived
β β S
n in  the closed-form with the aid of Eq. (3) and by using
×  sc c  (6) [10, eqs. (2.8.17) and (2.1.9)], in the following way:
 β sd β d 

P1 P2 2  NL mnNL 1 n 2,1
The CDF of the instantaneous SIR, is obtained by mnNL ,SSC
= ∑ mn + P − P ΔT H 1,3
P1 + P2 i=1  i i
using [10, eq. (2.8.17)] and simplifying the Fox’s H func-
tion  using the relation [10, eq. (2.1.9)], in the following

β β (1 − n,1) 

×  si i ΔT  1  1  (10)
form [8, eq. (7)]  γ i  msi ,  ,  mi ,  , ( )
−n,1 

  ξ si   ξ i  
1
()
Fz z = The previous equation can be reduced into [6, eq. (9)]
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Γ msd Γ md Γ msc Γ mc
for the case of SSC receiver over GK fading channels
  1  1 


( 1,1 ) ,  1 − m sc ,
 ,  1 − mc ,  
ξc  
as follows. By setting ξ = ξs = 1 into Eq. (3), mnNL is simpli-
β
× H 3,3
β  ξ sc   fied into [3, eq. (5)]. Also, by setting ξ = ξs = 1 in Eq. (4) and
β β Sz  .
2,3 sd d

1  1 
 sc c

m
 sd , ,
 dm ,  , ( )
0,1 

using [9, eq. (6.108)] the Fox’s H function is simplified
  ξ sd   ξd   into  Meijer’s G function and forward, by using [13, eq.
(7) (07.34.03.0871.01)], the Meijer’s G function is reduced into
the regularized hypergeometric function, which simplifies
CDF, Pi, into [3, eq. (3)]. Finally, the Fox’s H function in

3 Performance analysis of SSC
receiver in NL/IL environment
Let us denote instantaneous SNR or SIR at the output of
a  SSC receiver over the channel corrupted only by noise
or  interference, respectively, as Δssc. The predetermined
switching threshold is denoted by ΔT. Then, the CDF of Δssc
for the proposed analysis in NL/IL environment, for un-= mnIL ,SSC
correlated branches can be employed as follows [1, eq.
Eq. (10) can be simplified into the regularized hypergeo-
metric function by using [13, eq. (07.34.03.0727.01)], which
simplifies the derived Eq. (10) into [6, eq. (9)].
We also derived the nth order moment of output SIR
by using Eq. (6) and following the same procedure as for
deriving Eq. (10), in the form
P1 P2 2  IL mnIL 1 n 2,3
∑ mn + P − P ΔT H 3,3
P1 + P2 i=1 
i i

  1  1  
(9.291)]:  (
1 − n,1 ,  1 − msci ,)  ,  1 − mci ,  
ξci  
×  si i ΔT 
β β ξ sci  
 1  1   .
( )
γi
 P1 P2 2 
  msdi ,  ,  mdi ,  , −n,1 

 ∑ FΔi Δ ,( ) 0 < Δ ssc ≤ ΔT   ξ sdi   ξdi  
 P1 + P2 i=1 (11)
( )
FΔ ssc Δ = 2  F Δ ( ) ,
 P1 P2 ( )
 P1 + P2 ∑
 FΔ Δ + Δi − 1  Δ ssc > ΔT
i =1 
i
Pi  Derived Eqs. (10) and (11) are novel and can be
  
(8) straightforwardly used for evaluating the average output
SNR/SIR and amount of fading.
( )
where FΔi Δ is defined following Eqs. (4) and (7) for both As one of the most important performance metrics,
considered environments; and = ( )
Pi FΔi ΔT . Differentiat- the outage probability, Pout, is the main focus in this paper.
ing Eq. (8) with respect to Δ, the PDF of SSC forwardly can The Pout is defined as a probability that the value of Δssc
be obtained as falls below given outage threshold q. Using Eq. (8) as

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 492   J. A. Anastasov et al., Evaluations of SSC Diversity Receiver over EGK Fading Channels

() ()
Pout q = FΔ ssc q , this probability can be obtained in NL/IL The finite integral in Eq. (14) can be evaluated via nu-
environment. merical integration similarly as suggested in Eqs. [3] and
Furthermore, the ABER at the output of SSC receiver, [6]. The optimum threshold, ΔT*, for min{ Pe } can be found
Pe , can be obtained by averaging the conditional error by solving the equation ∂Pe / ∂ΔT Δ =Δ* = 0. Also, it can be
T T
probability over the PDF of the output Δssc as numerically evaluated by using root-finding techniques
∞
available in Mathematica or Matlab software package.
Pe= ∫ P ( Δ ) p ( Δ ) dΔ .
e Δ ssc (12) Besides these performance measures, the average
0 normalized channel capacity, C e / W , with W as the trans-
mission bandwidth, is also considered in the paper. This
For binary modulation formats, the conditional error
capacity is obtained by averaging Shannon capacity over
probability has the following form [1]:
the PDF (Eq. (9)), in the following way:

Pe ( Δ ) =
(
Γ b, aΔ
,
) (13) ∞

2 Γ(b) C e=
/W ∫ log (1 + λ ) p ( Δ ) dΔ .
2 Δ ssc (17)
0

( )
where Γ α ,x denotes the complementary incomplete
Substituting Eq. (9) in Eq. (17), the C e / W is derived in
Gamma function, [9, eq. (2.2)], and a and b are param­
the following way:
eters: (a, b) = (1, 0.5) for the binary phase shift keying
(BPSK), (a, b) = (0.5, 0.5) for the coherent binary frequency
P1 P2 2  CΔ 
Δ
1 T
shift keying (BFSK) and (a, b) = (1, 1) for differential BPSK
= Ce / W ∑ C Δi + i − ∫ log 2 1 + Δ pΔi Δ dΔ  ,
P1 + P2 i=1  Pi Pi 0 
( ) ( )
(DBPSK). Substituting Eq. (9) in Eq. (12), we get 
(18)
2  P ΔT 
P1 P2 1
= Pe
Δ
( ) ( )
∑  PΔ + i − ∫ Pe Δ pΔi Δ dΔ  , (14) where C∞Δi is the average capacity of the ith channel, given
(
2 P1 + P2 i=1  i Pi Pi 0 ) 
by C Δi ∫ log 2 1 + Δ pΔi Δ dΔ . If we consider the NL case,
= ( ) ( )
where PΔi is the ABER at the ith input branch, PΔi = 0
∞ substituting Eq. (2) in the previous definition of C Δi and
( ) ( )
∫ Pe Δ pΔi Δ dΔ. Using the representation of the using the transform of logarithmic function into the Fox’s
( )  and also using
0
Gamma  function into the Meijer’s G, e.g. into H  1,1
H function ln b,= (
aΔ H 1,22,0 
)
aΔ
 1,1  ( ) 

0,1 , b,1 ( ) ( ) 
function Γ b,=aΔ H 1,2 (
2,0 
aΔ ) , [13, eqs.


0,1 , b,1 
 ( )( ) [10, eq. (2.8.12)], we get [4, eq. (15)]

(06.06.26.0005.01), (07.34.26.0008.01)], and employing

1
[10, eq. (2.8.12)], we derived the expressions for PΔi in the C ΔNL =
case of NL environment in the form
i
() ( ) ( )
ln 2 Γ msi Γ mi

 β si β i ( )( )
0,1 , 1,1 

1 ×H
PΔNL =
4,1
  1  1 . (19)
i
( ) ( ) ()
2 Γ msi Γ mi Γ b
2,4
m ,
 i  si ξ si   i ξi 
γ ( )( )
, m , , 0,1 , 0,1 

 
  1  1 
×H 2,2
 γi
a
 1 − msi ,  ,  1 − mi ,  , 1,1 ( )
 , (15)
3,2  ξ si   ξi 
On the other hand, in the case of IL environment, substi-
 β si β i
 ( )( )
0,1 , b,1 
 tuting Eq. (5) in the definition of C Δi , and following the
similar procedure as for NL case, we derive
and in the case of IL environment in the form

1 1
PΔIL = C ΔIL =
i
( ) ( ) (
2 Γ msdi Γ mdi Γ msci Γ mci Γ b ) ( ) () i
() ( ) ( ) (
ln 2 Γ msdi Γ mdi Γ msci Γ mci ) ( )
  1  1     1  1  
  1 − msdi , ( )
 ,  1 − mdi ,  , 1,1    1 − msci , ( )( )
 ,  1 − mci ,  , 0,1 , 1,1 
4,2  β sci β ci Si 4,3  β sdi β di  .
 ξ sdi   ξdi  . ξ sci   ξci 
× H 3,4 × H 4,4
a β β  1  1  β β S  1   1  


sdi di
( )( )
0,1 , 0, b ,  msci ,  ,  mci ,    sci ci i  msdi ,
 ( )( )
 ,  mdi ,  , 0,1 , 0,1 
  ξ sci   ξci     ξ sdi   ξdi  
(16) (20)

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  J. A. Anastasov et al., Evaluations of SSC Diversity Receiver over EGK Fading Channels   493

New derived Eq. (20) coincides with [14, eq. (34)] for
one dominant interfering signal (N = 1), by setting ξdi =
ξci = ξsdi = ξsci = 1, when the Fox’s H function is simplified
into the Meijer’s G function by using [9, eq. (6.108)]. This
also confirms generality of EGK analysis. By combining
Eqs. (18), (19) and (20), one can determine the capacity of
the SSC system over EGK fading channels.

4 Numerical results
The analytical expressions derived in the paper are given
in the form of the Fox’s H function. Presented numerical
results are performed in Mathematica 7, using transform
of the Fox’s H function into the Meijer’s G function [15,
p. 531, eq. (22)]. The numerical values of Fox’s H function Fig. 2: Pout in NL environment as a function of the normalized
can be also computed by applying the algorithm presented switching threshold
in [16]. The Monte Carlo simulations are performed in C++.
The EGK fading envelope is simulated by using [8, eq. (9)].
The Pout dependence on the normalized average input
SNR, γ / q (γ=1 γ=
2 γ ), of SSC receiver in NL environment
for different values of switching threshold ΔT is presented
in Fig. 1. The curve relating ΔT = q is lower compared to the
curves relating ΔT ≠ q . For Pout = 10−4, when ΔT = q/2, the
diversity gain compared with single channel transmission
is only about 1.3 dB. Opposite to this, when ΔT = q this di-
versity gain compared with single channel transmission is
even about 13.3 dB.
The considerable effect of proper selection of switch-
ing threshold is additionally illustrated in Fig. 2. This
Figure depicts Pout versus the normalized switching thresh-
old ΔT/q. It is evident that there exists an optimal switch-

Fig. 3: Pout of unbalanced receiver in IL environment versus the

normalized average SIR at the first branch

ing threshold that minimizes Pout. This optimal switching

Fig. 1: Pout in NL environment as a function of the normalized average
SNRs
threshold is equal to the protection ratio q. For that case,
SSC receiver can be considered as SC receiver. In order to
verify analytical results, Monte Carlo simulations were
performed and for comparison purposes were included in
this figure. The Pout is estimated using 2 × 109 generated
samples. It is evident that there is a very good agreement
between analytical and simulation results.
Fig. 3 presents the effect of branch unbalancing on
the outage performance in IL environment for different
values of the fading/shadowing severity parameters. It is
evident that outage performance could be considerably
degraded due to the branch unbalancing. The results

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494   J. A. Anastasov et al., Evaluations of SSC Diversity Receiver over EGK Fading Channels

Fig. 4: ABER in NL environment versus the average input SNR at the Fig. 5: ABER in NL environment versus the switching threshold
first branch

show that this degradation does not depend on fading/

shadowing severity parameters. For example, to maintain
Pout of 10−5 the required value of the normalized average
input SIR, S1/q, in the case of unbalanced SIRs at the input
(S2 = S1/4) is about 3 dB greater then in the case of balanced
SIRs (S2 = S1) for all three values of fading/shadowing pa-
rameters. In addition, it is confirmed that the Pout values de-
crease with increase in fading/shadowing shaping factors.
Fig. 4 presents the ABER dependence on the average
input SNR at the first branch γ 1 for BPSK and DBPSK sig-
naling and randomly picked switching threshold ΔT = 8 dB.
In this figure we analyzed the influence of balanced and
unbalanced SNRs on ABER performance. The unbalanced
case is considered through the exponentially decaying
power delay profile γ 2 = γ 1 e −0.5 as in [6]. It is obvious that
the balanced input gives the lowest ABER values. At
ABER of 10−5, for both BPSK and DBPSK, the branch un- Fig. 6: Channel capacity in IL environment versus the average SIRs
balancing produce the degradation in γ 1 of about 1 dB
and  1.6 dB in the case of ξ1 = ξ2 = ξs1 = ξs2 = 1 and ξ1 = ξ2 =
ξs1 = ξs2 = 2, respectively. The more the values of fading/ minimum ABER sense and its value depends on the
shadowing p ­arameters, the greater are the effects of average input SNR, as well as the fading/shadowing pa-
branch unbalancing on ABER performance. Also, Fig. 3 rameters. Presented numerical results illustrate that the
shows better performance of BPSK modulation scheme optimal switching threshold increases with γ= 1 γ=
2 γ in-
compared to DBPSK scheme under the same conditions. creasing and fading/shadowing parameters increasing.
As expected, the diversity gain is larger for less value of To confirm the accuracy of the analytical approach we
fading/shadowing parameters. The simulation results are have included simulation results in the same figure.
in agreement with analytical ones. An ABER value is esti- Fig. 6 depicts the channel capacity versus the average
mated on the basis of 3 × 103 bit errors, while the maximum SIR (S1 = S2 = S) for different values of the shaping param­
number of bits used in simulation is 2 × 109. eters of fading and shadowing (bottom horizontal and left
Fig. 5 presents the ABER dependence on the switch- vertical axis). As expected, the system capacity increases
ing threshold for DBPSK modulation scheme in NL envi- with S increasing. In addition, the more the value of
ronment. There is an optimal switching threshold in the shaping parameters the more the value of capacity is.

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  J. A. Anastasov et al., Evaluations of SSC Diversity Receiver over EGK Fading Channels   495
These dependences are obtained for the optimal switch-
ing threshold ( ΔT*) that is computed numerically by solving
∂C e / ∂ΔT Δ =Δ* = 0. The second layer of this figure (top hor-
T T
izontal and right vertical axis) presents the capacity de-
pendence on switching threshold. The results show that
the capacity is considerably influenced by value of switch-
ing threshold. The optimal switching threshold increases
with increasing S and also with increasing the values of
the shaping parameters. Numerical results obtained based
on Eq. (18) are presented with the results obtained by
Monte Carlo integration [17]. The Monte Carlo integration
is performed using 109 samples. The good match between
these results is evident.
4 Conclusions
In this paper, we have derived analytical expressions for
the moments, outage probability, error probability and
spectral efficiency for unbalanced SSC receiver over the
EGK fading separately in the case of IL and NL environ-
ment. Novel analytical expressions can be efficiently used
for performance evaluation for various types of fading
­environments that are special or limiting cases of the EGK
distribution. In the case of special values of fading param-
eters, some newly derived analytical expressions can be
simplified to the previously reported ones in the literature.
Numerical results, obtained on the basis of analytical ap-
proach, are verified by Monte Carlo simulations.
The results have shown that the outage probability,
over the observed EGK fading in NL environment, is con-
siderably influenced by switching threshold value. Optimal
switching threshold which minimizes the outage proba-
bility is equal to the protection ratio. Numerical results
have also indicated that the outage probability is de-
graded  by the receiver branches unbalancing and this
degradation does not depend on fading parameters in IL
environment. Presented results have illustrated the ABER
degradation due to the receiver branches unbalancing in
NL environment. The results have shown that effects of
branch unbalancing on ABER performance are greater
when fading/shadowing parameters are greater. The ABER
and capacity are strongly dependent on the switching
threshold. Also, it can be concluded that optimum switch-
ing threshold in the minimum ABER or maximum capac-
ity sense increases with SNR and fading/shadowing pa-
rameters increasing.
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the Min-
istry of Science of the Republic of Serbia under the grants
TR-32028 and III-044006.
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