Module 3 Issues on Human Development

1. Nature versus Nurture

a. Nature refers to an individual’s biological inheritance
b. Nurture refers to environmental experiences.
2. Continuity versus Discontinuity
a. Continuity refers to gradual and cumulative change
b. Discontinuity refers to distinct change
3. Stability and Change
we develop into someone different from who we were at an earlier
point in development

The key to development is the interaction of nature and nurture rather than
either factor alone.
Both genes and environment are necessary for a person even to exist.
Without genes, there is no person; without environment, there is no person
(Scarr and Weignberg, 1980, quoted by Santrock 2002)
Heredity and environment operate together or cooperate and interact to
produce a person intelligence, temperament, height weight ability to read
and so on.
Genes produce proteins throughout the life span, in many different
environments.
Module 4 Research in Child and Adolescent Development

The Scientific Method

1. Identify and define the problem
2. Determine the hypothesis
Tentative answer to the research problem or refers to educated guess
3. Collect and analyze data the cause and effect or a phenomenon
derived from an experiment
4. Formulate conclusions
5. Apply conclusions to the original hypothesis