Sampling Technique
HAIDIL MAHINDRA
STUDENT NUMBER : 2011017210019
To full fill the assignment of Bahasa Inggris II
DEPARTEMENT OF STATISTICS
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENSE
LAMBUNG MANGKURAT UNIVERSITY
2021
Abstract
Sampling technique is the way to determine which sample fits the size of
the sample would be a real source of data, considering population distribution to
obtain a representative sample.
There are several sampling techniques available, and they can be
subdivided into two groups. Probability sampling and non-probability
sampling. In probability sampling, you start with a complete sampling frame of all
eligible individuals from which you select your sample. In non-probability
sampling, you do not start with a complete sampling frame, so some individuals
have no chance of being selected. Consequently, you cannot estimate the effect of
sampling error and there is a significant risk of ending up with a non-
representative sample which produces non-generalisable results. However, non-
probability sampling methods tend to be cheaper and more convenient, and they
are useful for exploratory research and hypothesis generation.
Both techniques have their shortcoming and advocates of each. In
probability sampling, you start with a complete sampling frame of all eligible
individuals from which you select your sample. In non-probability sampling, you
do not start with a complete sampling frame, so some individuals have no chance
of being selected.
Introduction
Statistics is an extension of mathematics. The different is that the statistics
more focus on the data and the processing. Put simply, if you are a statistics
student, you will learn more about how to collect data, analyze data and present
data.
We will study many lessons in the statistics and most of lessons in the
statistics is data processing. One of these lessons is a sample withdrawal technique
of sampling technique.
As for the principle of these sampling tecniques is to suspect the
characteristics of the population based on samples taken from the population. For
example, for making sure the taste of one pot of soup, you just need to take one
spoon of soup in one pot of soup to be sure. Then this sampling technique has
some excess like saves time, saves expense and also energy. So to analyze the
enormous data, this sampling technique is one of the effective ways.
There are several sampling techniques available, and they can be
subdivided into two groups. Probability sampling and non-probability
sampling. In probability sampling, you start with a complete sampling frame of all
eligible individuals from which you select your sample. In non-probability
sampling, you do not start with a complete sampling frame, so some individuals
have no chance of being selected. Consequently, you cannot estimate the effect of
sampling error and there is a significant risk of ending up with a non-
representative sample which produces non-generalisable results. However, non-
probability sampling methods tend to be cheaper and more convenient, and they
are useful for exploratory research and hypothesis generation.
Probability Sampling
According to sugiyono (2017:122), probability sampling is a sample
taking technique that provides the same opportunities for each element (member)
of the population to be selected as sample member.
There are several techniques or methods of sampling samples included in
the sampling of probabilities like simple random sampling, stratified random
sampling, cluster random sampling, systematis sampling, and multi-stage
sampling.
Simple random sampling is what was considered the simplest method of
sampling. The research simply needs to make sure that all the data goes into the
data will be sampled, and is selected at random. Usually a sample selection
involves a number of ways, such as shaking the given paper in writing Numbers,
using software, and also a data chart.
Stratified random sampling is random multistoried samples or called
proportional sampling. To take sample, populations are grouped under its
classification, such as gender, educational levels and so on. It should be noted that
every member of the group in the classification should be homogeneous.
Samples are taken using this cluster random sampling if the population
size is too large. In the removal of its samples almost identical to stratified
random sampling, a population is divided into a cluster representing a diverse
group but every member of the group in the cluster must be heterogeneous.
Systematic random sample retrieval is often compared to arithmetic
development in which the difference between two sequential Numbers has the
same value. For example, if a researcher examines a clinic that has 100 patients,
the first step in taking a systematic random sample is to select smaller integer than
the total population. This will be the first lesson.
Multi-stage sampling is a sample retrieval technique by combining the two
or more sample collection methods already described before.
Non-Probability Sampling
Non-probability sampling is a sampling method in which not all members
of the population have an equal chance of participating in the study, unlike
probability sampling. Non-probability sampling is most useful for exploratory
studies like a pilot survey (deploying a survey to a smaller sample compared to
pre-determined sample size).
There are some types of non-probability sampling like accidental
sampling, volunteer sampling, quota sampling, purposive sampling, and snowball
sampling.
Accidental sampling. In selecting samples, researchers had no other
considerations than based on the easy in sample retrieval. Someone was taken as a
sample because that person already to be recogniz by a researcher.
Volunteer is the most common method used over the phone. These
sampling techniques are often used by television or radio stations to collect public
opinion on the issue most discussed by people. Like political issues, and capital
punishment. But in the drawing of the sample, the technique has no limit to the
number of times that the same person can give their voice. That is why it is not
representative.
Quota sampling is a sample of a proportion of suggested samples, but not
selected at random but chosen by chance.
Purposive Sampling is one type of sampling technique commonly used in
scientific research. Purposive Sampling is a sampling technique by determining
certain criteria(Sugiyono, 2008).
In its implementation, Snowball Sampling is a multi-speaking technique,
based on the snowball analogy, which begins with a small snowball bangs then
gradually gradually because there is a snow addition to the overthrow in the
snowplay.
In the probability sampling, it is based on the principle of randomness in
which every member of the population has the same opportunity to become part
of a sample, while inside a non-probability sampling, samples taking depends on
the assumption that the characteristics are distributed evenly in the population.
REFERENCES
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Hayati, R., 2020. Pengertian Probability Sampling, Teknik Pengambilan, dan Contohnya.
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Questionpro, 2021. Non-Probability Sampling: Definition, types, Examples, and
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Available at: https://www.questionpro.com/blog/non-probability-sampling/.
