LEGEND

RIGHT-SIDED HEART FAILURE SECONDARY TO CORPULMONALE Red- Clinical manifestation of the disease
Yellow-Laboratory results
Green- Signs and symptoms
Blue- Factors
MODIFIABLE FACTORS: - s/sx manifested by the patient
NON – MODIFIABLE FACTORS:
• Exposure to tobacco smoke
• Increased age • Passive smoking (secondhand
• Asthma smoke)
• Genetic abnormalities (alpha1- • Occupational exposure
antitrypsin deficiency) • Indoor and outdoor air pollution
• Low socioeconomic status
• Inadherence to treatment regimen
(anti-asthma)

LUNG INFLAMMATION

PROTEOLYTIC
Constant irritation of the
DESTRUCTION OF THE
BRONICHIAL TREE
LUNG PARENCHYMA

DECREASED STRUCTURAL
INFILTRATION OF HYPERPLASIA OF GOBLET CILLIARY DYSFUNCTION SUPPORT FOR AIRWAY
INFLAMMATORY CELLS CELLS AND INCREASE PATENCY
MUCUS PRODUCTION

HYPERTROPHY OF THE
SMOOTH MUSCLES
DECREASED RECOIL AND AIRWAY NARROWING AND
DECREASED ALVEOLAR COLLAPSE
AIRWAY FIBROSIS AND AIR TRAPPING SURFACE AREA
NARROWING

AIR TRAPPING

CHRONIC BRONCHITIS PERMANENT

ENLARGEMENT OF THE
ALVEOLI

HYPERINFLATED LUNGS

EMPHYSEMA

S/Sx: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)

-chronic cough
-sputum production
-dyspnea
-weight loss HYPOXEMIC
-barrel chest VASOCONSTRICTION
-musculoskeletal wasting
-loss of appetite
-depression FLUID BUILD-UP AND
-increased expiratory effort BACK PRESSURE IN THE
-diminished breathe sounds PULMONARY ARTERIES
-expiratory wheezing and rhonchi

CONGESTION OF
PULMONARY
CIRCULATION

PULMONARY HYPERTENSION

COR PULMONALE
S/Sx:
•chest pain.
CARDIOMEGALY (RIGHT •dizziness.
RIGHT SIDED HEART
VENTRICULAR •excess fluid buildup
FAILURE
HYPERTROPHY) (edema)
•shortness of breath.
•heart palpitations
INCREASED CAPILLARY
PERMEABILITY AND
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

FLUID LEAKAGE INTO

THE LUNGS AND
PLEURAL CAVITY

PLEURAL PULMONARY
ASCITES
EFFUSION EDEMA

S/Sx: S/Sx:
•Dyspnea •Edema of
•Orthopnea upper and
•Chest pain lower
•Wheezing extremities