PHÁT TRIỂN TỪ VỰNG ĐỒNG NGHĨA VÀ TRÁI NGHĨA

SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS

TOPIC 1: Home Life
Exercise 1. Match the word in column A with its synonym in column B
Column A Column B
1. brothers/sisters a. write down
2. base b. theme
3. wash the clothes c. regulation
4. rule d. irritate
5. topic e. data
6. wait f. foundation
7. information g. gather
8. note down h. do the laundry
9. collect i. siblings
10. annoy j. hold on/ hang on
Đáp án
Exercise 1: 1.i 2. f 3. h 4. c 5. b 6. j 7. e 8. a 9. g 10.d Exercise 2.
Exercise 2: Match the word in column A with its antonym in column B
Column A Column B
1. supportive a. neglect
2. willing b. depressed
3. obedient c. ban
4. take care of d. critical
5. happy e. indifferent
6. allow f. at a loose end
7. hard-working g. costly
8. busy h. reluctant
9. cheap i. naughty
10. interested j. idle
Đáp án
Exercise 2: 1.d 2. h 3. i 4. a 5. b 6. e 7. c 8.j 9. f 10. G

TOPIC 2: Cultural Diversity

Exercise 3. Match the word in column A with its synonym in colum B
Column A Column B
1. diversity a. reply
2. flat b. home for the aged
3. job c. present
4. respond d. party
5. confide in e. variety
6. careful f. commence
7. start g. apartment
8. gift h. share one’s thoughts
9. nursing home i. occupation
10. banquet k. thorough
Đáp án
Exercise 3: 1.e 2. g 3. i 4. a 5. h 6. k 7. f 8.c 9. b 10. d

Exercise 4. Match the word in column A with its antonym in colum B

Column A Column B
1. difference a. minority
2. follow b. temporary
3. majority c. pessimistic
4. reject d. be under no obligation
5. modern e. tell the truth
6. permanent f. similarity
7. optimistic g. deteriorate
8. be obliged h. accept
9. lie i. traditional
10. better k. precede
Đáp án
Exercise 4: 1.f 2. k 3. a 4. h 5. i 6.b 7. c 8.d 9. e 10.g

TOPIC 3: Ways of socializing

Exercise 5. Match the word in column A with its synonym in colum B
Column A Column B
1. suitable a. apparent
2. obvious b. good-natured
3. choice c. severe
4. polite d. purchase
5. buy e. appropriate
6. stick to f. gripping
7. kind-hearted g. hue
8. interesting h. option
9. serious i. be loyal to
10. color k. courteous
Đáp án
Exercise 5: 1.e 2. a 3. h 4. k 5. d 6. i 7. b 8.f 9. c 10. g

Exercise 6. Match the word in column A with its antonym in colum B

 Column A Column B
1. get off a. take a call
2. modern b. prohibited
3. leave a message c. politeness
4. make a call d. maximum
5. acceptable e. get on
6. discourtesy f. body language
7. minimum g. reveal
8. verbal language h. take a message
9. conceal i. failure
10. success k. old-fashioned
Đáp án
Exercise 6: 1.e 2. k 3. h 4. a 5. b 6. c 7. d 8.f 9. g 10. i

Exercise 7: Choose the best word/phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the

underlined part in each of the following questions.
1. Women whose husbands do not contribute to the domestic chores are more vulnerable to
illness.
A. able to be well protected B. able to be easily hurt
C. able to be well known D. able to be equally treated
2. In many cultures, the mother is usually the homemaker while the father is the
breadwinner.
A. the family member who is willing to share the domestic chores
B. the family member who likes bread
C. the family member who is responsible for childcare
D. the family member who earns money to support the family
3. We enjoy spending time together in the evening when the family members assemble in the
living room after a day of working hard.
A. get together B. watch TV C. chat D. tell jokes
4. She got up late and rushed to the bus stop.
A. came into B. went leisurely C. went quickly D. dropped by
5. It will take more or less a month to prepare for the wedding.
A. approximately B. generally C. frankly D. appreciatively
6. This is the instance where big, obvious non-verbal signals are appropriate.
A. situation. B. attention C. place D. matter
7. When you are in a restaurant, you can raise your hand slightly to show that you need
assistance.
A. bill B. menu C. help D. food
8. Peter: In my opinion, old aged parents should lead independent lives in nursing homes
Nam: I disagree with you. Children should take after their elderly parents.
A. You can say that again C. There’s no doubt about that
B. I can’t agree with you any more D. That’s not a good idea.
9. Although I live in London for one year, I’m not used to driving on the left.
A. accustomed B. familiar
 C. looking forward D. supportive
10. Quan Ho singing, a traditional kind of music, originated in Bac Ninh Province in the 13th
century.
A. launched C. initiated
B. took its origin D. appeared
Đáp án
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A
6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B

Exercise 8: Dạng bài tập “Replacement” – thay thế

Bài tập này học sinh phải nhớ được không chỉ nghĩa mà cả cách viết các từ đồng nghĩa và
trái nghĩa và tự viết lại các từ này. Em hãy tìm cụm từ thay thế được cụm từ gạch chân.
1. Our parents join hands to give us a nice house and a happy home.
2. Whenever we hurt someone’s feeling, we apologize.
3. Members of my family share the household chores.
4. Andrea can’t wait for her flight.
5. In an extended family, three or even four generations live in one home.
6. She complimented me on my new shirt.
7. Members of our family have very close relationships with each other.
8. Could you please look after the baby while I’m away?
9. My parents seldom allow telling lies in my family.
10. A survey was made to determine their attitudes toward love and marriage.
Đáp án
1. work together 2. made an apology
3. do our share of 4. look forward to
5. joint family/ under the same roof 6. paid me a nice compliment
7. get on very well 8. keep an eye on
9. rarely/lying 10. find out

Exercise 9: Dạng bài tập “Paraphrasing”- diễn giải

Đây là dạng bài tập tổng hợp, học sinh phải viết lại các câu sử dụng các từ đồng nghĩa và các
cấu trúc đồng dạng. Em hãy viết lại câu dưới đây theo các cách khác nhau.
Exercise: Paraphrase the following sentences
1. I’m 28 years old.
2. She is a doctor in a local hospital.
3. There are four people in my family.
4. I help my mother with some housework such as cleaning the house and taking out the
garbage.
5. It is undeniable that families play an important part in our lives.
6. Not only my dad but also my mum works and support the family.
7. The bride and the groom thanked all the guests for their presence best wishes.
8. To attract someone’s attention, we can use either verbal or non-verbal forms of
communication.
9. In America, it’s impolite to ask questions about age, marriage and income.
10. You had better not take calls during meal time.
Đáp án
1. I’m an 28-year-old girl
I’m in my late twenties
2. She works as physician in a local hospital
3. I come from a family of four people
I was born into a family of four people
4. I give my mum a hand with some domestic tasks like tidying up the house and emptying
the rubbish.
5. Nobody can deny the importance of families in our lives
6. Both my parents go out to work and provide for the family
7. The couple expressed their special gratitude to all the participants for their presence and
blessings.
8. In order to draw other people’s attention, either verbal or non-verbal forms of
communication can be used.
9. It’s considered discourteous to ask Americans questions about age, marriage and income.
10. You are advised not to take calls when having meals.

Các đề thi THPT Quốc Gia

Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT Quốc Gia năm 2015
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s)CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 1: When Susan invited us to dinner, she really showed off her culinary talents.
She prepared a feast – a huge selection of dishes that were simply mouth-watering.
A. having to do with food and cooking C. relating to medical knowledge
B. involving hygienic conditions and D. concerning nutrition and health
diseases
Question 2: Suddenly, it began to rain heavily, so all the summer hikers got drenched all
over.
A. cleansed B. completely wet C. very tired D. refreshed
Question 3: “It’s no use talking to me about metaphysics. It’s a closed book to me.”
A. a subject that I don’t understand B. a theme that I like to discuss
C. a book that is never opened D. an object that I really love
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 4: "Don't be such a pessimist. I'm sure you'll soon get over it. Cheer up!"
A. activist B. hobbyist C. optimist D. feminist
Question 5: "Be quick! We must speed up if we don’t want to miss the flight. "
A. turn down B. look up C. slow down D. put forward
Đáp án
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C

Đề tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2014

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) .
Question 1: John wants to buy a new car, so he starts setting aside a small part of his
monthly earnings.
A. spending on B. using up C. putting out D. saving up
Question 2: The board of directors rejected the proposed project, explaining that it was too
expensive to be feasible at the present moment.
A. costly B. troublesome C. capable D. practicable
Question 3: After all these years of good work, Arthur deserves a promotion.
A. ought to be denied B. might be produced
C. should be given D. could be rejected
Question 4: The performance of the synchronized swimmers was so brilliant; the judges
could find no flaws in it.
A. find nothing imperfect B. award no bonus
C. find many mistakes D. suggest more improvements
Question 5: When I visited the city, I was really impressed by the hospitality of the people
there.
A. deeply depressed B. fairly concerned
C. slightly frightened D. deeply moved
Đáp án
1. D 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D

Đề tuyển sinh Đại học khối D năm 2014

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s)
Question 1: Those children who stay longer hours at school than at home tend to spend their
formative years in the company of others with similar aims and interests.
A. being separated from peers B. forming a new business company
C. being together with friends D. enjoying the care of parents
Question 2: Many parents may fail to recognize and respond to their children’s needs until
frustration explodes into difficult or uncooperative behavior.
A. slowly reaches the boiling point B. remains at an unchanged level
C. suddenly becomes uncontrollable D. stays under pressure
Question 3: “A friend in need is a friend indeed”: Our friends have voiced their strong
criticism of China’s escalation of tension on our continental shelf.
A. facing the reality B. worsening the situation
C. easing the tension D. improving the condition
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s)
Question 4: Any student who neglects his or her homework is unlikely to do well at school.
A. puts off B. looks for C. attends to D. approves of
Question 5: We run a very tight ship here, and we expect all our employees to be at their
desks by eight o'clock and take good care of their own business.
A. manage an inflexible system B. have a good voyage
C. run faster than others D. organize things inefficiently
Đáp án
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D

Đề tuyển sinh Đại học khối A1 năm 2014

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s).
Question 1: Even though the mountain was very steep and the climb was hazardous,
several adventurous tourists managed to reach the top.
A. causing a lot of risks B. bringing excitement
C. costing a lot of money D. resulting in depression
Question 2: Thanks to the invention of the microscope, biologists can now gain insights into
the nature of the human cell.
A. deep understanding B. in-depth studies
C. spectacular sightings D. far-sighted views
Question 3: Just like hearing infants who start first with simple syllable babbling, then put
more syllables together to sound like real sentences and questions, deaf babies follow the
same pattern.
A. able to hear B. physically abnormal C. hard of hearing D. obedient to
parents
Question 4: Dozens of applicants showed up for the vacant position, but only a handful of
them were shortlisted for the interview.
A. small number B. hand C. class D. small amount
Question 5: Now many people who shop at a health food store instead of a local
supermarket are much more likely to find a healthy, sugar-free beverage.
A. convenient to prepare B. beneficial to health
C. harmful to health D. full of preservatives
Đáp án
1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B

Đề tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2013

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) .
Question 1: Thirty minutes after the accident, the captain still refused to abandon the
burning ship.
A. get on B. come to C. leave D. sail
Question 2: After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute as settled.
A. discomfort B. disadvantage C. disapproval D. discussion
Question 3: It will be fine tomorrow. But if it should rain tomorrow, the match will be
postponed.
A. turned off B. put off C. sold off D. taken off
Question 4: Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, of which obtaining
water is not the least.
A. getting B. storing C. purifying D. controlling
Question 5: If the headmaster were here, he would sign your papers immediately.
A. currently B. right away C. formerly D. right ahead
Đáp án
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B

Đề tuyển sinh Đại học khối D năm 2014

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s)
Question 1: The works of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas
Hobbes helped pave the way for academic freedom in the modern sense.
A. terminate B. prevent C. initiate D. lighten
Question 2: E-cash cards are the main means of all transactions in a cashless society.
A. cash-starved B. cash-strapped C. cash-in-hand D. cash-free
Question 3: Many scientists agree that global warming poses great threats to all species on
Earth.
A. risks B. annoyances C. fears D. irritations
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s)
Question 4: Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within
the same region.
A. restrain B. stay unchanged C. remain unstable D. fluctuate
Question 5: In some countries, the disease burden could be prevented through
environmental improvements.
A. something to suffer B. something enjoyable
C. something sad D. something to entertain
Đáp án
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B

Đề tuyển sinh đại học khối A1 năm 2013

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 1: We are now a 24/7 society where shops and services must be available all
hours.
A. an active society B. an inactive society
C. a physical society D. a working society
Question 2: A chronic lack of sleep may make us irritable and reduces our motivation to
work.
A. uncomfortable B. responsive C. calm D. miserable
Question 3: We'd better speed up if we want to get there in time.
A. slow down B. turn down C. put down D. lie down
Question 4: She is a very generous old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a
charity organization.
A. mean B. amicable C. kind D. hospitable
Question 5: Her thoughtless comments made him very angry.
A. honest B. kind C. pleasant D. thoughtful
Đáp án
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D

Đề tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2012

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning
to the underlined part
Question 1: The repeated commercials on TV distract many viewers from watching their
favourite films.
A. businesses B. advertisements C. economics D. contests
Question 2: As tourism is more developed, people worry about the damage to the flora and
fauna of the island.
A. flowers and trees B. plants and animals
C. mountains and forests D. fruits and vegetables
Question 3: It is such a prestigious university that only excellent students are entitled to a
full scholarship each year.
A. have the right to refuse B. are refused the right to
C. are given the right to D. have the obligation to
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined part
Question 4: After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was
released.
A. guilty B. naive C. innovative D. benevolent
Question 5: Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially.
A. Privileged B. Impoverished C. Well-off D. Wealthy
Đáp án
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B

Đề tuyển sinh Đại học khối D năm 2012

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined part
Question 1: Although they hold similar political views, their religious beliefs present a
striking contrast.
A. minor comparison B. interesting resemblance
C. significant difference D. complete coincidence
Question 2: These were the people who advocated using force to stop school violence.
A. openly criticised B. publicly said
C. publicly supported D. strongly condemned
Question 3: Within a week on display at the exhibition, the painting was hailed as a
masterpiece.
A. an expensive work of art B. a down-to-earth work of art
C. an excellent work of art D. a large work of art
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning
to the underlined part
Question 4: The consequences of the typhoon were disastrous due to the lack of
precautionary measures.
A. damaging B. beneficial C. severe D. physical
Question 5: Vietnam’s admission to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has promoted its
trade relations with other countries.
A. boosted B. expanded C. restricted D. balanced

Đáp án
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C

Đề tuyển sinh Đại học khối A1 năm 2012

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined part in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A special exhibition of Indian art will be opened at the National Museum next
month.
A. painting B. programme C. music D. show
Question 2: Traffic began to flow normally again after the accident.
A. with the same speed B. in the usual or ordinary way
C. strangely and irregularly D. repeatedly in different modes
Question 3: Don’t be concerned about your mother’s illness; she’ll recover soon.
A. surprised at B. worried about C. embarrassed at D. angry with
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined part in each of the following questions.
Question 4: His boss has had enough of his impudence, and doesn't want to hire him any
more.
A. respect B. rudeness C. obedience D. agreement
Question 5: She was unhappy that she lost contact with a lot of her old friends when she
went abroad to study.
A. made room for B. lost control of C. put in charge of D. got in touch with
Đáp án
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D

Đề tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2011

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to
the underlined part
Question 1: The crew divided the life preservers among the twenty terrified passengers as
the ship began to sink.
A. exhausted B. surprised C. frightened D. excited
Question 2: You must answer the police’s questions truthfully; otherwise, you will get into
trouble.
A. exactly as things really happen B. with a negative attitude
C. in a harmful way D. as trustingly as you can
Question 3: My mom is always bad-tempered when I leave my room untidy.
A. feeling embarrassed B. talking too much
C. very happy and satisfied D. easily annoyed or irritated
Question 4: During the earthquake, a lot of buildings collapsed, which killed thousands of
people.
A. went off accidentally B. fell down unexpectedly
C. exploded suddenly D. erupted violently
Question 5: We really appreciate your help, without which we couldn’t have got our task
done in time.
A. feel thankful for B. depreciate C. require D. are proud of
Đáp án
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A

Đề tuyển sinh Đại học năm 2011

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to
the underlined part
Question 1: His new work has enjoyed a very good review from critics and readers.
 A. viewing B. regard C. opinion D. look
Question 2: Such problems as haste and inexperience are a universal feature of youth.
A. marked B. separated C. shared D. hidden
Question 3: We have lived there for years and grown fond of the surroundings. That is why
we do not want to leave.
A. possessed by the surroundings B. planted many trees in the surroundings
C. loved the surroundings D. haunted by the surroundings
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined part
Question 4: Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even
exported the surplus.
A. excess B. sufficiency C. small quantity D. large quantity
Question 5: There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment.
A. ease B. attraction C. consideration D. speculation
Đáp án
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. A