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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT

CIVILIZATION
CHAPTER 1
SCIENCE
 cumulative inquiry into nature using
the scientific method or system of
verifiable concepts, methods,
principles, theories and laws which
seek to understand, describe, explain,
and predict nature and its phenomena.
TECHNOLOGY
 is the application of science the
application of scientific knowledge
ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA
 The foundation of human civilization
began in Mesopotamia.
Meso- middle
Potam- river
Sumerians - Sumer was an ancient
civilization that flourished in the
Fertile Crescent's Mesopotamia
region, between the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers. Sumerians are
acknowledged with founding
civilization as we know it today,
owing to their advancements in
language, governance, building,
and other fields.

 Babylonians - Babylonia was a state in

ancient Mesopotamia. The city of
Babylon, whose ruins are located in
present-day Iraq, was founded more than
4,000 years ago as a small port town on
the Euphrates River. It grew into one of
the largest cities of the ancient world
under the rule of Hammurabi.

SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION
 The first people to settle in
Mesopotamia
 Created a civilization by the
development of methods and
technologies in
- architectures
EARLY CIVILIZATION - language
Nomads - people who stay on - agriculture
the move looking for food. - governance
 Sumerian built cities along the rivers in
 without a permanent home South Mesopotamia in 4500BCE
 lived in area of bountiful resources of - Eridu - Adab
foods - Uruk - Kullah
 small tribes of hunter-gatherers
- Ur - Lagash
 used stone tools for survival hunting
- Larsa - Nippur
fish and wild animals; preparing
foods; making shelter; protect - Isin - Kish
territory from invasion.
City of Uruk- considered to be the
BASIC NEEDS first true city in the world.
 FOOD - No building stone
 SHELTER - Lumber was limited
 - Mud/ clay from the river added
with reeds and bricks
- Houses made of sun-baked bricks
Ziggurats
 Cities had corresponding king living
in ziggurats
 With temple at the top reserved for
their high priest to serve their
patron gods and goddesses.
THE GREAT ZIGGURATS OF UR
“Mountain of God”
 Sun-baked bricks- inside structure
 Fired bricks- outside structure
 No inner chamber
 Height of around 170 feet
 Took 12 years of excavation
 Primarily built as a temple to Nanna,
the moon of God
AGRICULTURE
 Sumerian Agriculture products
- wheat and barley
- fruits and begetables like grapes
and onions
- sheep, goats and cows
IRRIGATION SYSTEM: LEVEES
 LEVEES
- Dug wide canals from rivers out
to farms
- Dug small ditches from canals to
field to water all the crops
- Put gates on the ditches to control
the amount of water
- Brought water to farmland
- Controlled flooding of the rivers
CUNEIFORM
 First writing system
 Pictures and triangular sysmbols
 Using reed stylus
 Trading
 Recording goods and livestocks
 Businesses
 Presenting stories, myths, and personal
letters
SUMERIAN NUMBER SYSTEM
 Sexagesimal system
 Base 60
SAILBOATS
 Made of reeds
 To travel along the river
 To carry products for trading
 Skin-float or raft made of hides
stretched over wood frames and a
broad, short boat made of water-proof
material
WHEEL
 The 1st wheels were not used for
transportation but for farm work in
2000BC
 Used for transporting agricultural
products
PLOW
 Enables the Sumerian to dig the soil
land where seeds would be planted at
faster pace.
 Mass produced food without taking too
much effort and time
 The Sumerian invented a seed sowing
machine, which could plant seeds
more quickly and evenly than sowing
by hand.
MEDICINE
 Sumerian believed that diseases were
punishment from God
- committed sins
- wrong- doing
 - action of demons
- bad spirits
 Priest- sufficient majic power to fight
the mystic force of disease and
illness
 Diseases due to supernatural cause
 Exorcists- drive away the spirits by
charms and spells.
 Sumerian civilization lasted for short
of 2,000 years before the
Babylonians took charge in 2004
B.C.
BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION
 Emerged near the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers
 Great builders, engineers and
architects
HANGING GARDENS OF
BABYLON
 It was said to be a structure made
up of layers upon layers of gardens
 Species of plants, trees, and vines
 King Nebuchadnezzar & Queen
Amytis
 75 feet high
 Approximatelyy 8,200 gallons of
water each day to keep the plants
watered
 No physical evidence to prove such
existencce
 Exact location is also unknown
 No records
 Mythical place
WEAPONS
 Babylonian civilization transpired
during Bronze age
 Weapons- bronze material
- alloy of copper and tin
EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION
 Egypt is located in North Africa
 Around 3200 BCE, the creation of the
Egyptian civilization began with
Egypt brought together under one
ruler, King Narmer
TEMPLES
 Believed that temples were the homes
of the gods and goddesses
 Every temple was dedicated to a god
or gaddess
 Worshipped by temple priest and the
pharaoh
- Everyday, temple priest
 Washed the god’s statues
 Changed cloths with fine linen
 Put jewerly
 Offered food and wine
 Made of stone
 Walls were covered with scenes
 Brightly painted
MUMMIFICATION
 Egyptian believed in life after death
 Eternal life was only possible if the
individual’s corpse remained intact
 Believed that if the body decayed,
so as the soul
 Deceased’s soul should be
recognized and returned in the next
life
MUMMIFICATION PROCESS
1. Washing the body
4. Brain is removed through the nose by
using hooked instrument then being
thrown away
“ Heart is untouched as believed to be
used for intelligence and emotion
in the next life”
2. Removal of the different internal
organs by making a cut in the left side
of the abdomen.
3. Internal organs are placed in the
corresponding canopic jar.
Hapi- baboon-headed god of the
North (Lungs)
Imsety- human-headed god of the
south
(Liver)
Duamutef- jackal-headed god og the
east (stomach)
Qebehseneuf- falcon-headed god of
the west(intestine)

Heart also revealed evidence of the

deceased’s true character.
5. The inside of the body is rinsed with
wine and spices.
6. Moisture from the body is eliminated
7. Application of a salt called natron for
70 days is done to preserve the body.
8. Lastly, the body is wrapped in linen
cloth and placed in a sarcophagus.
HIEROGLYPHICS
 Pictures of living creatures and
symbols of objects used in daily living
 Hieroglyphics writings were well-
preserved since these were carved
at the walls of pyramids and other
structures.
MEDICINE & PHYSICIAN
 Knowledge of healing herbs
 Repairing physical injuries
- knew how to stitch a wound
 Eye-surgery operation
 Knowledge of Anatomy came from
the practice of embalming the
dead
 Practice dentistry
- extracted teeth
- drained abscesses
- made false teeth

IRRIGATION SYSTEM
 Canals and ditches
 Shaduf- boom and basin irrigation
strategy

MATHEMATICS
 Addition
 Subtraction
 Multiplication  Was used in agricultural processes
 Division like milling of grains
 Fraction  Mass production of rice, cereals,
 Decimals flours, and the likes
 Basic ideas of geometry
GREEK HOUSES
CALENDAR  Poor Greek - rural area or crowded
 12 months- 30days each urban slums
 1 year- 360 days  Multi-story blocks of apartments
 In 4000 B.C added 5 extra days at the  Larger houses built around a
end of every year courtyard
 Solar year-365 days
For well-to-do craftsmen or
WIGS farmers:
 Were worn for beauty, vanity and  Large and luxurious
personal hygiene  Accommodation for a large
 Used to protect the shaved heads of household including many slaves
the wealthy Egyptians from harmful
sun rays TRADE
 Symbols of social status  150years after 750BC
 Used by both sexes  Sea for their livelihood
 Made from human hair, sheeps’s wool  Mediterranean Sea and the Black
or vegetable fibers Sea
 Coins for trading
 COSMETICS
 PAPER FROM PAPYRUS GREEK PHILOSOPHERS
 Socrates
GREEK CIVILIZATION - known to developed the "Socratic
In 8th century B.C Method" of analyzing good and justice
-The problem is broken down into series
 Government
of inquiries that would lead to answers to
 Art
the problem.
 Architecture  Plato
 Philosophy -became student of Socrates•laid the
 Sport foundations of Western philosophy and
 Polytheistic society science.
 Believed in Mythology to explain -founded The Academy of Athens, the
natural mysteries first institution of higher learning in the
 Greek mythology Western world.
-zeus -apollo -hestia  Aristotle
-hera - artemis -became student of Plato
-poseidon - hermes -developed Empirical approach in
-hades -ares studying nature
-founed Theory of Four causes (material,
-athena - hephaestus
formal, efficient , final)
THEATER
 Art and literature performances
 Large  Thales
 Open-air structure -believed that water was the only
 Tiered seating area theatron substance that was souceof all things
 A circular space for the actors to  Pythagoras
performorchestra -made important contributions in the
 Stage-skene field of mathematics
-developed the Pythagorean Theorem
WATER MILL  Empedocles
-believed in the four fundamental elements  Aqueducts- convey water from far away
(fire, air, earth and water) springs and mountains into cities and
 Democritus towns through gravity.
-established the concept of atomisim
-everything in nature is made up of
indivisible elements called atoms
 Archimedes
- known for his physical law of buoyancy

ROMAN CIVILIZATION

ROMAN CITIES
 consist of forum -a large open plaza
 surrounded by important buildings To supply water in
 main temple  Fountains gardens
 basilica where the town council met and  public and private baths
town administration was carried on)  Latrines houses of wealthy Romans
 the law courts (if separate from the  agricultural lands
basilica)
 markets  Aqua Appia–
 latrines and public baths -1staqueduct built in 312 BC 
 fountains -connected the spring that was 16.4 km
 porticoes, colonnades, arches from Rome. 
 Rome had eleven aqueducts during
ROMAN ARCHITECTURES 3rdcentury

 Cathedrals ROMAN NUMERALS

 Basilicas  Old number systems could not keep up
 Coliseums with high calculations requirements
 Amphitheaters due to increasing trade among
 Aqueducts nations
 Roman numeral became the standard
The Pantheon counting system for trade concerns.
•temple of all the Roman gods  symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D and M
Colosseum  Used for communication and trading
•largest amphitheater
•seating capacity of 50,000  BOUND BOOKS (early roman codex
Arch of SeptimiusSeverus from wood)
•monumental arch - record-keeping of politics, history,
•built in recognition of Roman victories over literature
Parthians - Julius Caesar statrted the trading of
MaisonCarree stacking papyrus to form pages of book.
•the only temple that is completely - cover was made of wax but later on
preserved up to this day. changed to animal skin
 NEWSPAPER
- used in politics and governance

BUILDING MATERIALS
 volcanic stone native -Tufa
 during 2nd centuryB.C.E. travertine CHINESE CIVILIZATION
white limestone was utilized in the late - Oldest civilization in Asia
substitute for marble. 
 Sun-dried and fire-dried mud bricks SILK
 Naturally produced by silkworm
ROMAN AQUEDUCTS
TEA PRODUCTION
 Tea leaves were harvested, processed and
compressed into cake form
 The dried teacake known as brick tea was
ground with the used of stone mortar
 Ancient tea was produced by pouring hot
water to shredded or crushed tea leaves
GREAT WALL OF CHINA
 Said to be the largest and most extensive
infratructure that such nation build
 Was constructed to protect Chinese from
invaders
 Control borders of China
 Made out or stone, bricks, woods, tamped
earth, etc.
 Took 200 years before it was completed
 3,100 steps
 21,196.18 km length
 6 to 7m height
GUNPOWDER
 Originally, it was developed by Chinese
alchemists to achieved immortality
 Used for fireworks to drive away evils
spirits
 Used for artillery
 75% saltpeter (potassium nitrate)
 15% charcoal
 10% sulfur
 Accidentally invented black powder that
generated large amounts of heat and
gas in an instant
COMPASS
 An artificial magnetic pointing device
made from lodestone
 The oldest south-pointing nevigational
device
MIDDLE AGES
-DARK AGES
-HIGH MIDDLE AGES
-LATE MIDDLE AGES
DARK AGES
 First half of Middle Ages consists of 5
centuries of Dark Ages.
 Terrible political and economic turmoil in
Western Europe.
 Waves of invasions by migrating peoples
and Vikings and Saxons from the North
destabilized the Roman Empire.
 It was a period of declining human
achievement, especially when compared
to the Ancient Greeks and Romans.
 There was a lack of scientific inquiry
during the Dark Ages because most
people cannot read and write, except for
the members of the Clergy.
 Intellectual activity was centeredon the
study of the Bible and on the Christian
faith
 Most clerics and scholars did not have
access to the vast amount of scientific
literature written in Greek before and
during the Roman Empire.
HIGH MIDDLE AGES
 The conditions of political stability
necessary for the reestablishment of a
vigorous commercial and urban life
had been secured.
 The next 500 years saw the renewal
of large scale building and the re-
establishment of sizable towns.
 Monasteries became wealthy and
became important centersof learning.
 By the 12th Century, centersof
learning, known as the
StudiumGenerale, sprang up across
Western Europe, drawing scholars
from far afield and mixing the
knowledge of the Ancient Greeks with
the new discoveries of the great
Muslim philosophers and scientists.
OLDEST UNIVERSITIES ESTABLISHED
DURING THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES:
 OXFORD
 CAMBRIDGE
 MONTPELLIER
 PADUA
 SORBONNE
 VALLADOLID
LATE MIDDLE AGES
 As progress and technology
developed, philosophers continued
the work of scholasticism, adding to
the philosophy of science.
 As progress and technology
developed, philosophers continued
the work of scholasticism, adding to
the philosophy of science.
THREE MAIN POWER SOURCES
 WATER
 ANIMALS
 HUMAN
 NORSE MILL
- The simple water wheel, without gears,
provides the power to drive a millstone for
grinding the corn from which flour is
made.
AGRICULTURE & CRAFT MATHEMATICS
PLOWSHARES Leonardo of Pisa or Fibonacci -Hindu-
-The Teutonic tribes who moved into Arabic numeral system
Western Europe were people of the Iron Age Nicole Oresme-used rectangular
and were the first people to use iron coordinates system
plowshares Nicholas of Cusa-ideas on the infinite
and the infinitesimal
SPINNING JENNY
- a machine for spinning with more than ART
one spindle at a time, patented by James -OIL PAINTING
Hargreaves in 1770. -LEONARDO DA VINCI
- MICHELANGELO
 FUMMING MILL
 ROPE MANUFACTURING
 BARREL - knowledge on how to make concrete
 LEATHER
 METAL SMITH NAVIGATION
 SOAP -COMPASS
-NAUTICAL MAPS
METALLURGY AND MINING
 CAST IRON RENAISSANCE
 GOLD -The Renaissance which means “Rebirth”
 BLAST FURNACE marked the transition of Europe from the
Middle Ages to modernity.
WARFARE
 GUNPOWDER MODERN AGES
-carbon, sulfur, and saltpeter (potassium
nitrate) MINING & METALLURGY
–from charcoal, deposits of volcanic sulfur - steam engine
and decaying refuse - developed mineral resources
 CANNONS - copper
- zinc
NOTABLE INVENTIONS - tin
Artesian well(1126) - lead
- An artesian aquifer is a confined aquifer - gold
containing groundwater under positive
pressure. This causes the water level in the AGRICULTURE
well to rise to a point where hydrostatic - Horse-driven seed drillby JethroTull
equilibrium has been reached.
Wheelbarrow (1170s) PRINTING
Mirrors (1180) - Printing Press by Johannes Gutenberg
-Throughout European Middle Ages mirrors
were simply slightly convex disks of metal, MEDICINE
either bronze, tin, or silver, that reflected - use of vegetable
light off their highly polished surfaces. - physicians were often the foremost
Spectacles (1280s) botanists

ALCHEMY
Alchemy in the Middle Ages was a mixture
of science, philosophy, and mysticism. At
the heart of medieval alchemy was the idea ASTRONOMY
that all matter was composed of four  Nicolas Copernicus-Heliocentric
elements: earth, air, fire, and water. With Theory
the right combination of elements, it was  TychoBrahe -collection of data of
theorized, any substance on earth might be astronomical bodies
formed.
 Giordano Bruno –not only does the
Earth move, but so does the sun–no
such thing as a point absolutely at rest
in the universe
 Johannes Kepler–Planetary model–
Laws of Planetary Motion
 Galileo Galilei
 "father of observational astronomy"
 "father of modern physics"
 "father of the scientific method”
 "father of modern science
 SPYGLASS FROM LENSES
 LENS GRINDING
 POWERFUL TELESCOPE- 30X
MAGNIFICATION
 Sir Isaac Newton –Laws of Motions
 ChristiaanHuygens –Elastic Collision
Theory
 Robert Boyle -“father of chemistry”
 Antoine Lavoisier
 John Dalton
 Evangelista Torricelli –invented
barometer
 BlaisePascal –vacuum exists in nature
 Rene Descartes –Cartesian Coordinate
sytem
OTHER DISCOVERIES & INVENTIONS
-WATT’S STEAM ENGINE BY JAMES WATT
- PUFFING DEVILS BY TREVITHICK
- FIRST RAILWAY STEAM LOCOMOTIVE
- TELEGRAPH
- STEAM TURBINE BY SIR CHARLES
PARSONS
- ELECTRIC CURRENTS BY ALESSANDRO
VOLTA
- ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
- USE OF COAL GAS
- FILAMENT BULBS BY THOMAS EDISON
- COMBUSTION ENGINE
- GAS ENGINE BY ETIENNE LENOIR
- FIRST GASOLINE AUTOMOBILE BY
DAIMLER AND BENZ
CHAPTER3
THOMAS KUHN (1922-1996)
- “ Thomas SAmuel Kuhn is one of the most
influencial philosophers of science of the
twentieth century, perhaps the most
influencial”
- the structure of scientific revolution
(1962)
- he defines what the paradigmship is
Normal Science
- means research firmly based ipon one
or more past scientific achievements,
achievements that some particular
scientific community acknowledges foe a
time we supplying foundation for its
further practice.
- normal science is what the community
is considered to be an explanation of a
natural phenomenon exixting belief of
natural phenomenon
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
- non- cumulatative developmental
episodes in which an older paradigm is
replaced in whole or in part by an
incompatible new one
THE COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
 CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY
GEOCENTRIC THEORY
- Earth was a sphere in the center of the
universe; the sun , the moon, the stars,
and the planets revolve around Earth.
 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
MATHEMATICIAN & ASTRONOMER
- proposed that the sun was stationary
and the earth revolved around it.
 ARISTARCHUS OF SAMON
- pioneer: heliocentric theory
- HELIOCENTRIC THEORY
1. Motion of heavenly bodies: uniform
and circular
2. The sun is near the center
3. The ff revolves around the Sun:
mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, and
saturn; stars are fixed space.
4. Earth has 3 motion: daily rotation,
annual revolution and annual tilting of its
axis
THE NEWTONIAN REVOLUTION ROBERT BOYLE
-father of chemistry
SIR ISAAC NEWTON -theological writer
Mathematician, astronomer, & Contribution
philosopher - boyle’s air pump/ boyle’s law
- born of poverty but rose to be a celebrated
scientist due to his many contributions ANTOINE-LAURENT LAVOSIER
- - father of modern chemistry
NORMAL SCIENCE Contribution
REVOLUTIONARY SCIENCE - normal sciemce
- traite
LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
-govern the paths of heavenly bodies CHARLES DARWIN
LAW OF MOTION - naturalist, geologist, biologist
-foundation of Classical mechanics; allow - the darwinian revolution (apes)
us to describe and understand motion
NATURAL SELECTION
INFINISIMAL CALCULUS - a naturall process that results in the
-developed along with Gottfried Leibniz survival and reproductive success of
THEORY OF COLOR individuals or group best adjusted to
their environment and that leads to the
THE EINSTEINIAN REVOLUTION perpetuation of genetic qualities best
suited to that environment
ALBERT EINSTEIN
- physicist EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
- nobel prize in Physics - a discipline of biology concerned with
the processes and patterns of bilogical
GENERAL AND SPECIAL THEORY OF evolution especially in relation to the
RELATIVITY diversity of organisms and how they
- Newton considered space and time as change over time.
fixed ( normal sicence); Eistein
revolutionized this idea by asserting THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION
that time and space are relative in his
special theory of relativity THE FREUDIAN REVOLUTION
- ythe general theoory on the other hand SIGMUND FREUD
interweaves gravitty with space and -neurologist
time. -father of psychoanalysis

PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
- phenomenon that happens when an
electromagnetic radiation or light hits
an object; the shorter the wavelength,
the higher the chance that it will cause
the release of electrons.

BROWNIAN MOTION
- describe by Robert Brown
- temperature is directly proportional to
the kinetic energy of molecules.

MASS-ENERGY EQUIVALENCE
E=mc2 CHAPTER 4
- describe the relationship of mass and
energy. PRE-COLONIAL SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
THE CHEMICAL REVOLUTION -slow pacing of the spread of science
and technology in the philippines
because of the following obstacle SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DURING THE
(bernard 20216) COMMONWEALTH PERIOD (1935 –1946)
- Manuel Quezon
- Archipelagic Condition of the Country
- The different Dialects which shows
diversity
- Not openn to new ideas for agriculture
- the strong belief to superstitious

THE USE OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY IN PRE- COLONIAL ERA

WRITING SYSTEM
- BAYBAYIN
- pre colonial beautiful ancient writing
script og the islands of the Phiilippines

CONCEPT OF TIME
- pre-colonial Filipinos has no clocks to
show the hours or minutes
- povedano calendar
- moderrn calendar

MOON PHASE ACT AS “ TIME MARKERS”

EARLY FILIPINO’S TIME
- bukang liwayway
- katanghalian
- lulunod na

SIGNIFICANT TERTIARY EDUCATIONAL

INSTITUTIONS THAT WERE FOUNDED
DURING THE SPANISH COLONIZATION
- colegio de manila /plm
- colegio de san ildefonso
- university of santo tomas

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DURING THE

AMERICAN REGIME (1898 –1935)
- government laboratory
- pgh in 1947
- Philippine General Hospital

FILIPINO SCIENTISTS
FE V. DEL MUNDO
- is credited with the invention of medical
incubator and jaundice relieving device
- avtive medical ractice in the field of pediatrics
- entered UP at the age of 15
- awarded most outstanding scholar in
medicine
- awarded as national scientist of the
Philippines, Elizabeth blackwell Award for
outstanding servicce to mankind
ABELARDO B. AGUILAR
- as a medical representative then, workked for
the pharmaceutical company Eli illy and
Company.
- sent soil sample from iloilo for testing in 1949
- a new souce of antibiotic was found and the
drug was called “ Erythromycin”
- it was used as an alternative for penicillin-
allergic patients
- oral administration is effective in one hour
and the drug is detectable in the bloodstream
for 8 hrs.
- Generically named Erythromycin, the
company christened it Ilosone(it was alsocalled
Ilotycin) to commemorate its origin inIloilo.
RAYMUNDO S. PUNONGBAYAN
- former director of the Philippine Institute of
Volcanology and Seismology from 1983 to 2002
- initial investigation gave warning about
the possible eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in
1991 that heped in the evacuation of the
people.
- dig a 5 meter deep drainage channel on
the sidde of Mt. Pinatubo to spill off about a
quarter of the swollen volcanic lake that
formed since the eruption. This helped
saved more lives from a potential flash
flood.
WILLIAM G. PADOLINA
- started as Research Assistant at UPLB
and became a professor of Chemistry at
the University.
- served as Director of the UPLB national
institution of molecular biology and
biotechnology
- expertise and interest in the area of
 Research management
 Science policy
 Technology transfer
 Secondary plant metabolism
 biotechnology
 Intellectual property rights
- Chemistry of the coconut -production of novel
derivatives of coconut fatty acids
- medicinal plant chemistry isolation, identification and
biologica ltesting of novel constituents of Philippine
medicinal plants.
- promotion of natural products
ARTEMIO M. SALAZAR
- he teaches advanced plant breeding methods and
basic population and quantitative genetics
- one of the Asia Scientist 100last 2019
- headed his team in producing IPB Quality Protein
Maize Var. 6 that used in the rice-corn (RiCo) blend as
food staple for Filipinos
- IPB VAR6 is a white flint corn, one of those they call
QPM or Quality Protein Maize
- they have found out that it improve the nutritional
status and health of poor Africans
- QPM Var 6 also known as High Lysine and Tryptophan
Corn in 2000
- 66. 2 % more lysine than the regular white corn
- it also contains more tryptophan, protein content,
dietary fiber, minerals, and anti-oxidants than rice
alone
MARISSSA A. PAGLICAWAN
- included in the Asia Scientist 100
- research includes turning Manila hemp or abaca into
an engineering material
- awarded the 2018 Gregoro Zara Award for Applied
Science Reseach
- headed the project of DOST’s ITDI of using abaca fiber
in “ Tryk ni Juan” which is a common motorized tricycle
- driver’s roof and sidecar are made of abaca fiber
- combine with resin to form a composite producing a
llightweight, cheap, corrosion-resistant and provide
good insulation, making it a good substitute material
for stainless steel and galvanized iron
LOURDES J. CRUZ
- was chosen as the first Filipino winner of the 2010
L’oreal- UNESCO “ For Women In Science Awards”
- helped discover a snail toxin a thousand times more
powerful than morphine
- was National Scientist based at the UP diliman
- recognized for her scientific contributions in the field of
biochemistry, particularly on the isolation and
characterization of the venom called conotoxins from
marine cone snails during 1970s to 80s

- establish Rural Livelihood incubator also known as Rural

LINC Program
- program established to mobilizee science and
technology to alleviate poverty.
- project involves building a fruit processing facility run by
women farmers where the indigenous tribes can sell
fruits from the orchards and forest trees

RODY G. SY
- practice internal medicine and a cardiologist since 1975
- has focused on hypertension, diabetic heart disease,
metabolic syndrome, heart failure, and atherosclerosis, a
disease in which a plaque, such as fat and cholesterol,
build up in the arteries of the heart.
- hes research in 2009, called LIFE course study in
Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, studied factors
leading to development of cardiovascular disease.
- it has initiated follow-up researches, iinclude health
evaluation questionnaire

FABIAN M. DAYRIT
- recognized for his oustanding scientific researches in the
field of chemistry, spectroscopy and environmental
science
- research in natural products has led to a better
understanding of bioactives and the identification of a
new compound from indigenous plants particularly
lagundi.
- explored the use of nuclear magnetic resonance for
chemical analysis as well as structural analysis of
polysaccharides, especially carrageenan from Philippine
seaweeds
- had developed a methology using Gas Chromatography
coupled with high resoolution Mass Spectrometry for
low-level anaysis of various compounds, including 3-
MCPD in in soy sauce and drugs in urine
- was the project leader of the DOST Roadmap for
Nanotechnology Development in the Philippines
- conferred the title Professor Emeritus teacher, scholar
and leader of the highest rank at the loyola school of the
Ateneo june 28, 2019
- was doing an experiment of virgin coconut oil in vitro as
a potential treatment against SARS- Cov-2