Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Arena Viruses

    Uploaded by

    Woo Rin Park
    3 views2 pages
    The document discusses the Arenaviridae family of viruses, including Lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Arenaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses transmitted by rodents that can cause hemorrhagic fevers and meningitis/encephalitis in humans. LCMV is transmitted through contact with infected rodents or their excreta and causes flu-like illness along with meningitis or encephalitis. Diagnosis involves testing cerebrospinal fluid for signs of infection and isolating the virus. Treatment focuses on supportive care, while prevention emphasizes rodent control.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    The document discusses the Arenaviridae family of viruses, including Lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Arenaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses transmitted by rodents that can cause hemorrhagic fevers and meningitis/encephalitis in humans. LCMV is transmitted through contact with infected rodents or their excreta and causes flu-like illness along with meningitis or encephalitis. Diagnosis involves testing cerebrospinal fluid for signs of infection and isolating the virus. Treatment focuses on supportive care, while prevention emphasizes rodent control.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    3 views2 pages

    Arena Viruses

    Uploaded by

    Woo Rin Park
    The document discusses the Arenaviridae family of viruses, including Lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Arenaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses transmitted by rodents that can cause hemorrhagic fevers and meningitis/encephalitis in humans. LCMV is transmitted through contact with infected rodents or their excreta and causes flu-like illness along with meningitis or encephalitis. Diagnosis involves testing cerebrospinal fluid for signs of infection and isolating the virus. Treatment focuses on supportive care, while prevention emphasizes rodent control.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 2

    NOTES

    NOTES
    ARENAVIRIDAE

    MICROBE OVERVIEW
    Taxonomy ▪ Enveloped in lipid membrane with
    ▪ Zoonotic virus family glycoprotein spikes
    ▫ Associated with hemorrhagic fevers, ▫ Lipids in membrane → inactivation
    meningoencephalitis susceptibility by organic solvents/
    ▪ Comprises > 20 viruses detergents
    ▪ Groups ▫ Also inactivated by temperatures >
    55°C/131°F, ↑ ↓ pH, UV light, gamma
    ▫ Old World viruses (e.g. lymphocytic
    irradiation
    choriomeningitis virus, Lassa, Lujo)
    ▫ New World viruses (e.g. Junin, Machupo) Transmission
    ▪ Reservoir
    Morphology
    ▫ Rodents shed virus in urine, feces,
    ▪ Single-stranded RNA virus
    saliva, nasal secretion
    ▪ Ribosomes produce sand-like granular
    ▪ Transmission
    appearance under electron microscopy
    ▫ Ingestion, direct contact, aerosolized-
    ▫ Latin: arena = sand
    particle inhalation → entry into cell by
    ▪ Shape varies: pleomorphic–spherical GP1 glycoprotein attachment to cellular
    receptors → systemic dissemination

    LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS
    VIRUS (LCMV)
    osms.it/LCMV

    inhalation, transplacentally (infected


    PATHOLOGY & CAUSES mother → fetus)
    ▪ Post-transmission → 7–14 days incubation
    ▪ Arenavirus → replication in lungs → hematogenous
    ▫ Causes febrile illness with central dissemination → strong neurotropism
    nervous system (CNS) involvement, (infects meninges, choroid plexus,
    congenital infection ventricular ependyma)
    ▪ Reservoir
    ▫ Mice (M. musculus/M. domesticus); RISK FACTORS
    occasional human disease outbreak
    ▪ Infected rodent contact; dwelling/working in
    related to pet hamster/guinea pig
    rodent habitats
    ▪ Transmission
    ▪ ↑ risk in substandard housing (e.g.
    ▫ Ingestion, aerosolized-particle mobile homes, inner-city housing), barns/

    OSMOSIS.ORG 325
    outbuildings
    ▪ Peak incidence: autumn, winter
    DIAGNOSIS
    LAB RESULTS
    COMPLICATIONS ▪ Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
    ▪ Encephalitis, aseptic meningitis ▫ ↑ lymphocytes, ↑ protein, ↓ glucose,
    ▪ Transplacental infection: spontaneous negative Gram stain
    abortion, neonatal neurologic deficits,
    chorioretinitis, seizures, periventricular Microbe identification
    calcifications, hydrocephalus, microcephaly ▪ Viral culture, polymerase chain reaction
    ▪ Rarely: orchitis, parotitis, myocarditis (PCR)

    Serology
    SIGNS & SYMPTOMS ▪ ↑ antibody titer (IgM, IgG)

    ▪ May be asymptomatic/mild flu-like


    symptoms
    TREATMENT
    ▪ Prodrome: headache (retro-orbital), nausea,
    OTHER INTERVENTIONS
    vomiting
    ▪ Meningitis: fever, rigors, malaise, myalgia, Prevention
    arthralgia anorexia, photophobia ▪ Rodent control
    ▪ Encephalitis: focal seizures, cranial nerve
    palsies, papilledema

    326 OSMOSIS.ORG

    You might also like