Republic of the Philippines

Philippine State College of Aeronautics

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

ADRIANO, RHOD CHRISTIAN C.

BSAEE 2-10
FINAL EXAMINATION
ENGR. FRED ADRIAN CHAN

Honesty Clause

The students are expected to accept and maintain standard of intellectual and
academic honesty as members of the academic community. The State College believes that
the students should be truthful as a basic and minimum standard of conduct in academic
matters, and that they must make their own endeavors to submit the materials for credit.

RHOD CHRISTIAN C. ADRIANO

 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

FINAL EXAMINATION

AE 226 – ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following questions correctly. NO ERASURES. ANYONE CAUGHT
CHEATING WILL AUTOMATICALLY GET A GRADE OF 5.0. Affix and Sign the Honesty
Statement in your class work.

I. FILL IN THE BLANK. Answer the following questions or complete the statements by
writing the appropriate words or amounts in the answer blanks. (1 point each)

1. Nitrogen Oxides can cause lung irritation & lower resistance to respiratory
inspections.
2. A nephelometer measures the intensity of light scattered by fine particles in the air,
and the scattered light intensity is proportional to the concentration of smoke or very
fine particulate matter in the air.
3. Both total suspended particulate matter (TSP) and particles 10μm in diameter or less
(PM10) are measured when monitoring ambient air.
4. The cascade impactor may also be used to measure fine particles including
respirable particles than 1.0 μm in diameter — small enough to penetrate the lung.
5. Measurement of Emissions is a type of measurement for air quality, this is called
stack sampling when a stationary source is analyzed. Samples are drawn out through
a hole or vent in the stack for on-the-spot analyses.
6. Transfer Stations is collection method that uses a typical system that includes
several stations located at various points in a city to which collection trucks bring the
refuse.
7. Municipal solid waste (MSW) consist of all the solid and semisolid materials
discarded by a community.
8. In the United States, and in most other industrialized countries, solid waste is
collected by trucks. These are usually packers, trucks that carry hydraulic rams to
compact the refuse to reduce its volume and can thus carry larger loads.
9. Disease Vectors are the means by which disease organisms are transmitted,
and water, air, and food may all be vectors.
10. Gross composition may be the most important characteristic affecting MSW
disposal, or the recovery of materials and energy from refuse.

II. ENUMERATION.

1. These chemicals are the primary concern for air quality (Give at least 5). (5 points)
• Nitrogen oxides
• Sulfur oxides
• Ozone
• Carbon Monoxide
• Particulate Matter/Smoke
2. Three classes of Measurement of Air quality (3 points)
• Measurement of emissions
• Meteorological measurements
• Measurement of ambient air quality
3. These are operational mitigations which was proven for reducing noise impacts on the
ground result in less engine-on time and therefore lower fuel bum and emissions on
the ground. (7 points)
• Surface congestion management
• Single-engine taxi
• Extended towing of aircraft using efficient (and even electric) tugs
• Restrictions on when engines can be run-up test
• Preferential runway assignments
• Airfield designs that reduce taxiing distances and time
• Limited use of APUs
4. Enumerate the considerations in siting of landfills (10 points)
• Drainage
• Wind
• Distance
• Size
• Rainfall patterns
• Soil type
• Depth of the water table
• Treatment of leachate
• Proximity to airports
• Ultimate use
5. Enumerate the devices and methods of collection and disposal (5 points)
• Garbage grinders
• Pneumatic pipes
• Kitchen garbage compactors
• Transfer stations
• Cans on wheels
 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine State College of Aeronautics
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Piccio
Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

MIDTERM EXAMINATION

AE 226 – ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

I. ESSAY. Provide a short and concise answer with relevant examples for clarification, if
necessary.

1. Write an essay about how the aviation industry affects the environment. (10 points)

Transportation, in all forms, contributes significantly to GHG emissions (Schafer et al.,

2009). Although aircraft contributes less than 3% of anthropogenic carbon dioxide
emissions (one of the main GHGs addressed later), the climate consequences of aviation
have received significant attention due to the industry's rapid expansion, high visibility, and
the unique features of certain of its impacts (e.g., emissions being deposited at high
altitudes). The IPCC issued a special study on aviation's particular effects on the global
atmosphere (IPCC, 1999).

The aviation industry is also responsible in noise pollution. The operation of these powerful
vehicles produce noise that not only disturbs the residents in the area but also affects the
wildlife. Changes in foraging and reproductive behavior, decreased animal fitness, increased
predation risk, and decreased reproductive success is some of the effects of noise pollution
to the wildlife. For decades, the industry has worked to minimize noise, with notable
success: noise levels have been cut in half in the last ten years. Each new generation of
aircraft is expected to have a noise footprint that is at least 15% lower than preceding
generations.