ALPAS: Breaking the Bonds of Malnutrition with the Youth of Caloocan

I. Introduction

In the sixteenth century, the area which is now known as Barangay 23 Libis-Guichoco was
established, currently, it is headed by Captain Rodolfo Bustamante. Barangay 23
encompasses thirty-two hectares of houses with approximately five thousand people, mostly
youth and women, while a majority of individuals in the community are unemployed, earning
a gross family income of more or less than 3000 pesos for a family of five (Project Kintal,
2019). There is considerable population density within the area, with as many as one or two
families of 5 individuals living in a floor space of less than 30 square meters. There is also no
proper plumbing for most of the community’s households and there are open drainages
everywhere (Project Kintal, 2019). From visual observation alone, one can guess that there is
a high probability of contracting and spreading disease in the community.

For more than a decade, the Kalipunan ng mga Sektor sa Caloocan or KASECA have
promoted programs that address the issue of disaster, nature, livelihood, youth, women and
more in communities like Barangay 23. In addition to implementing the proposals, KASECA
also connects the barangay to various institutions and organizations such as the Center for
Social Concern and Action (COSCA) of the De La Salle University. The Caloocan Sector for
Health (KASECA) is a network of various organizations and offices at the local and national
level that unites health issues together by providing health service, advocacy, mobilization,
alliance, and research into a more prosperous and healthier life in Caloocan City. As the
population in the village continues to increase, so too does the difficulty of meeting everyone’s
needs. Challenges in meeting this demand have only been compounded due to the lack of
facilities such as clinics and schools within the vicinity of the community. Despite these
problems, the community still tries to solve them by implementing information and education-
centered programs. KASECA aims to have a peaceful and stable society with the appreciation
of health and environment. It is their mission to promote a level of awareness of population
relations and development as a means of achieving a good community life. KASECA has
previously run programs with a focus on the provision of proper meals to youths in Caloocan
like “BABAE Alamin ang 4K” in 2008 (KASECA, 2008). However, KASECA has never had a
long-term focus on malnutrition as an issue itself.

According to data from the National Nutrition Council (2017), out of the population of
preschool children 167,774 in Caloocan, 3,894 (2.32%) are Underweight, 5,025 (3.00%) are
considered Stunting, and 3,512 (2.09%) are considered Wasting. Underweight in children are
cases when their weight is lower than what is normal. Stunting in children are cases when
their height is small for their age. On the other hand, wasting in children are cases when they
are considered to be thin according to their height. Furthermore, according to Save the
Children (2019), the city of Caloocan is ranked fourth in Metro Manila in the prevalence of
malnutrition of children. While there are no available statistics on the malnutrition of children
in Barangay 23, it is still highly probable that a considerable amount of the youth population
there has had or is currently experiencing malnutrition.
 With the aid of KASECA, the Local Government Unit of the barangay, and other
organizations, we hope to decrease 50-70% in malnutrition cases in Barangay 23 Libis-
Guichoco. In helping Barangay 23 Libis-Guichoco, we aim to be an inspiration for other
communities nearby to do the same. We also aim to raise awareness about the issue of
malnutrition to the nearby community as it has devastating effects if not taken care of.

Lasallian Virtues
Gentleness
The virtue of Gentleness asks the Lasallian to have a balance between “tell and
compel” and “inquire and inspire”. In the following service plan, this virtue will be fully
manifested, through education on malnutrition that will be provided, as well as utilizing this
knowledge in practical situations. The program challenges the volunteers and service plan
leaders to practice Gentleness in order to successfully execute the program’s goals.
Volunteers must be gentle, in such a way that will compel the community members to
follow health regulations but also inspire them to live healthier, more productive lives
through a healthier lifestyle.

Patience
The issue of malnutrition is not only one about medical technicalities. In order to
best facilitate and implement the following service plan, it is necessary for volunteers to
have the patience to establish meaningful interpersonal relationships with the community
members they will be interacting with. As such, the following service plan follows a very
hands-on approach to the outreach, making sure that both volunteer and participant
interact in order to drive home the message of the program through the examples set by
the volunteers. People follow leaders, good leaders are those who care to know who they
are leading. As such, it follows that the virtue of Patience is necessary.

Generosity
Generosity as a Lasallian virtue is being able to place the welfare of the mission
(in this case, the health of the participants and effectiveness of the program) before one’s
own welfare. In the program, this will be manifested through the dedication asked of the
volunteers, as logistics tasks as well as facilitating the large crowd of participants is
expected to be difficult. Furthermore, handling children will require the utmost
manifestation of generosity from the Lasallian volunteers.

II. Rationale
KASECA, formed by various organizations and offices, provides livelihood help in
the communities in Caloocan City. It mainly focuses on health service, advocacy,
 mobilization, alliance, and research to better the living conditions of the people in their
areas. However, some efforts of the sector to address the health issues of the community
were not enough for the people’s needs due to rapid increase of population. It was a
challenge to keep up with the demand of programs and outreach. Usually, programs are
done for a day which turns out to be ineffective in the long run, probably projected to be
short term solutions.

Concrete efforts go beyond the act itself it must manifest long term changes and
growth in the community. To elaborate, feeding programs that are held once a month are
not enough to address the issue of malnutrition. With this as basis, the main objective of
the service plan is to encourage the community to practice a healthy lifestyle and healthy
eating habits that would foster continuous growth that can eradicate malnutrition in the
community. Education is vital to ensure that long term effects would happen.

Through the Education, the importance of imparting knowledge to the community

will be the main focus. This will serve as the long lasting impact of the plan which can shift
their perspective into living a healthy life. Educating is vital in lessening the cases of
malnutrition since people must be fully aware of the issue. The seminars will discuss the
alarming issue of malnutrition, benefits of eating healthy food which are go-grow-glow,
essential lifestyle tips, and ways to prevent sickness due to malnutrition. As business
students, with the help of our acquired and innate people and management skills can be
used in communicating and arranging plans with partner organizations as well key
persons, for our speakers. Such skills would be vital to the success of the event because
we are not only communicating with the organizations and speakers but the most
important task is to successfully persuade the community to live a better life by being
healthy and prioritizing their health. It is important to utilize such skills in order for the event
to give a strong impression to the community that could also contribute to the goal for a
long lasting impact.

III. Outcome
A. 50-75% reduction in the population of malnourished youths from the initial
population of malnourished youths participating in the outreach program after 3
months
B. Establishment of affordable and accessible sources of fresh and healthy foods
within close proximity of the community’s residential area(s).
C. Better nutritional health literacy among the participants of the outreach program
comparing initial knowledge vs. post-program knowledge.

The project’s goal is composed of three outcomes: (1) a 50-75% reduction in the
population of malnourished youths from the initial population of malnourished youths
participating in the outreach program after 3 months, (2) establishment of affordable and
accessible sources of fresh and healthy foods within close proximity of the community’s
residential areas and (3) better nutritional health literacy among the participants of the
outreach program comparing initial knowledge vs. post-program knowledge.

As the youth is accurately weighed in during the start of the program, the initial
population is expected to reduce malnutrition by 50-70% after a 3-month period. To be
able to see their growth and progress, their starting body mass index (BMI) will be
compared to their post-project BMI. Body mass index is a great tool that calculates a
person’s height and weight and estimate how much body fat someone has; Doctors use
this tool to determine how appropriate a child’s weight is for the child's age and height
(Gavin, 2012). The seminars and feeding programs will showcase and demonstrate proper
hygiene and how proper hygiene is essential for a child’s development because proper
hygiene is really beneficial for growing youths because the nutrients that they need is
directly absorbed for their healthy growth – basically, this means that it is not used by the
body to combat any bacteria, viruses, etc. that will lessen the body’s ability to absorb
nutrients that will come from healthy food (Weatherspoon, 2018). This way mothers and
their youth are educated with the knowledge of how they can act even after the 3-month
period. The feeding programs will focus on the youth that is (nutritionally) most at-risk, this
is to help them more within the 3-month period; this reduction in the population of
malnourished youth start with those most at-risk because they are the ones in need of
help the most. Once improvements are visible, the mothers are the ones to continue the
long-term plan for these kids.

As awareness towards the issue of malnutrition continue to spread, it is also aimed

to give initiative to individuals in the community to create establishments or stores that is
accessible to the community – these stores will be the source of affordable, fresh and
healthy food that will be reduce the consumption of low-nutrition foods of the individuals
in the community especially the youth. Meanwhile, the demonstration of crop cultivation
programs could encourage the establishment of the participants to grow their own crops.
This way they can financially save and they could even create small businesses that could
support their new healthy way of life. These small yet very effective seeds and crops could
pave the creation of a good chain reaction; a domino effect towards nearby communities
can happen because researchers argue that human behaviors are often tied to one
another. When something good is derived from something that easy-to-do or low-effort,
other people seem to do it too – this is a case of a human action domino effect (Clear,
2015). One aim of this project is the human action domino effect which could happen to
the nearby communities when they see and realize that crop cultivation programs are
effective.

The concrete efforts of the project also have the goal to give knowledge that can
be incorporated to the habits and lifestyle of the participants. The goal is to equip these
individuals with the knowledge of how nutrients can come from affordable food because
there is a growing stereotype that healthy foods are subject to high prices – which is not
true (Oliver, 2018). This project aims to teach the community about the right and wrongs
regarding healthy food. Also, the projects aim to educate that the road towards getting
 away from malnutrition is not only through healthy food, it is also through exercise.
Exercise is another essential factor in healthy living; exercise helps in controlling weight,
reduction of heart diseases, management of blood sugar and insulin levels and many more
(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2019). The program also aims to target
being complacent with the knowledge of well-nourishment. We always hear “prevention is
better than cure”, it is incorporated in the programs of the project because the project
wants to educate these individuals on how they can prevent malnourishment and continue
to strive for a consistent well-nourished body and lifestyle.

IV. Strategies
1. Educate

The project will inform the community as to what is malnutrition, why is it

important to be prevented, and how can it be prevented through proper hygiene
and eating healthy foods that provide a balanced diet with the correct combination
of go, grow, and glow. Moreso, the community will be trained how to plant their
own homegrown crops at the area of their own household. This will save them
money and is a more sustainable and healthier choice since homegrown crops are
cheaper and higher in nutrients, specifically phytochemicals, antioxidants, vitamin
C, vitamin A and folate, as compared to those vegetables and fruits bought in
grocery stores or wet market. Lastly, the project will introduce healthy alternative
foods to common types of merienda or ulam by organizing cooking lessons to the
mothers when preparing food for the feeding programme.

The group believes that educating the community about these information
will better equip them with the right knowledge to fight and prevent malnutrition.
Education is a long-term solution because the knowledge that the project will be
given can be passed on to the next generations of the community. This can
hopefully help in eradicating malnutrition in KASECA.

2. Encourage Physical Fitness

An activity of zumba dance exercise will be conducted in the project.

Zumba is a fitness program that involves dance routines, alternating slow and fast
rhythms which is beneficial for one’s health in so many ways. This is also called
an Aerobic activity that can reduce health risks, help maintain a healthy weight and
strengthens the heart as well. One obvious advantage of Zumba is that it’s fun and
enjoyable for all ages which means the more people will likely stick with this
exercise. Some studies show that it is also a great way to relieve stress which then
reduces fatigue. Participating in this type of activity also creates an opportunity for
people to interact and build relationships which can also serve as a motivation for
them to be active. Since working out in a welcoming and fun-filled environment
encourages people to keep exercising.
 3. Examine the health condition of the community through Medical Mission

Another strategy to examine the health conditions of not only children but
also adults part of the community, is to conduct a medical mission. This basically
provides access to health care and medical assistance. Through a medical
mission, the group is able to identify those children suffering from malnourishment
and as well as its severity and cause. Moreover, it is also a way to determine
children qualified for the feeding programme. A thorough examination of their
health, focusing on their needs allows our group to address specific problems that
require urgent solutions. In addition, this strategy also promotes health literacy,
healthier lifestyles and general well-being. Medical services include checkups for
dental and hygiene.

4. Organize a Feeding programme

A Targeted Supplementary Feeding Programme or TSFP will be

implemented to the community wherein nutritious food will be provided in addition
to the general ration. This type of feeding programme is best in the chosen
community since it aims to rehabilitate malnourished persons and to prevent
deterioration of the nutritional status of especially those who are most at-risk. The
feeding programme will be done by providing food or micronutrient supplement for
persons who are malnourished, selected pregnant and nursing women, and other
individuals who are nutritionally at-risk.

To distribute the food to the community, on-site feeding or wet ration will
be implemented. The group will distribute cooked nutritious meals at the clubhouse
in KASECA where all the qualified participants are gathered. At the same time,
while cooking the food for the feeding programme, mothers are invited to help in
cooking so they will also be familiarized on how to cook healthy meals for
preventing and rehabilitating malnutrition.

V. Activities/Budget

A. Activities
The program will last five weeks wherein each week will emphasize on different
solutions that could aid in combating malnutrition in the area. The table below shows the
program flow of the project as well as the general activities and the corresponding weeks.
The program will be conducted on Saturdays to ensure the availability of children and their
parents. The activities in the project emphasize on and revolve around three components
of a healthy lifestyle (Tello, 2018) which are maintaining a healthy, well balanced diet,
maintaining a high level of physical activeness, and maintaining an appropriate BMI. The
first program of the day will consistently start at 0900.
Week 1 (Day 1) 9:00AM-12:00PM
Short Games (Four Pics One Word, Crossword Puzzle)
Seminar about Basic Nutritional Health Education and
Statistics of Malnutrition in Philippines
12:00PM-1:00PM
Lunch

Week 2 (Day 2) 9:00AM-9:30AM

Stretching Exercise
15 Minutes Rest and Distribution of Snacks
9:30AM-11:30AM
Seminar about Lifestyle Management and personal Hygiene
11:30AM-12:30PM
Lunchbreak
12:30AM-3:00PM
Distribution of Homegrown Crops Seed
Demonstration of the Proper Way of Cultivating Homegrown
Crops

Week 3 (Day 3) 9:00AM- 9:30AM

Stretching Exercise
15 minute Break and Distribution of Snacks
9:30AM-12:00PM
Demonstration of Easy-to-Cook Dishes Containing the Type
of Crops Distributed in Week 2
Lunch

Week 4 (Day 4) 9:00AM - 9:30AM

Zumba routine
15 minutes Break and Distribution of Snacks
9:30AM- 12:30PM
Health Problem Consultation
Malnourishment Status Assessment

Week 5 (Day 5) 9:00AM-12:00PM

Wrapping-Up Seminar
Mini Games
Distribution of Brochures and Nutritional Health Chart
12:00PM-1:00PM
Lunch

DAY 1
For week one, a seminar regarding nutrition and health will be held. The speaker
of the seminar will be a professional licensed nutritionist-dietitian or an expert in nutrition
science. The audience of the program will be children and their parents. To gauge the
knowledge the audience has regarding nutrition, different games will be conducted.
Examples of said games are four pics one word and the crossword puzzle. For four pics
one word, the presentation will display four pictures. Then the audience will guess the
word that will represent the four pictures. Each of the words will be about nutritional health.
For the crossword puzzle, the definition of words about nutrition will be given. Then the
audience will guess the word. Both games will not only provide interactions with the
audience but also giving them information on the topic of the program. After the games,
the speaker will talk about basic nutritional health education and some statistics of
malnutrition in the Philippines, and thus giving the audience information regarding the
social issue. Freebies such as fruit juice, oatmeal, and peanuts will be distributed to the
audience when the program ends at 12:30 pm. Oatmeal, was chosen for one of the
freebies because this type of grain is rich in fiber and iron (Cleveland Clinic, 2017; Harvard,
2019). Lunch will also be served after the program. The food served are nutrient rich in
nature and are easy-to-make dishes in order to showcase to the participants that common
ingredients can be cooked in a delicious and uncommon way.

DAY 2
Week two will start with a morning exercise routine. The organizers will teach the
participants in the community to do stretching exercises for 15 minutes. While the routine
is ongoing, the organizers will talk about and emphasize on the benefits of exercising daily
since according to Bubnis (2018), regular stretching will benefit these people in many ways
such as, stress relief and a significant improvement in posture. Snacks such as Yakult
and Skyflakes will be provided after the activity. After the activity, the lifestyle management
seminar will ensue. The speaker will talk about lifestyle changes the participants can
engage in. Personal hygiene will also be discussed. After the seminar, lunch will be
served.

In the afternoon, seeds and soil will be distributed to people in the community to
train people in the community to plant homegrown crops. The seeds that would be
distributed are tomato seeds, potato seeds, lettuce seeds, garlic seeds, spinach seeds,
and carrot seeds. These are the seeds that the organizer chose due to its simplicity,
cheapness, and nutrient value. In addition, these seeds are fit for an urban environment
(LaLiberte, 2019). The organizer will demonstrate and teach them the proper way of
cultivating these crops. The teachings will be modified based on their surroundings;
nontraditional planting practices will be taught. An example of this modified crop cultivation
is the utilization of plastic bottles for soil containment. Instead of planting the seeds to the
ground, plastic bottles will be utilized and the bottles can be hung outside the abode. A
document containing the nontraditional procedure to cultivate the set of crops will be given
to the barangay. Also, the organizers will partner with a farmer organization that will go by
the community every two weeks to sell their crops so that the community will have a direct
link to sellers to ensure cheaper and fresh crops. The farmer organization will most likely
be from Bulacan since this area is near Caloocan. Possible organizations to partner with
are Bfac Bulacan Farmers Agriculture Cooperative, Maligaya Agricultural Marketing
Cooperative-Bulacan, and Basuit Farmers Multi-Purpose Cooperative.
 DAY 3
On week three, the program will start with a stretching exercise that was taught on
week two while the organizers will prepare for the utensils and ingredients which will be
used to prepare lunch. After the exercise routine, snacks such as Delight and Fita will be
served. The organizer will invite two student chefs to demonstrate easy-to-cook dishes
where the type of crops planted on week two will be a part of the ingredients. A copy of
the cooking procedures will be given to the barangay. The procedure to cook the food
served during snack time and lunch will also be written in the document.

DAY 4
The fourth meeting of the program entails three activities which are an exercise
program and a medical mission. A current trend in the Philippines is the zumba exercise
routine where individuals are to perform certain movements to high beat music. The
activity aims to teach the community an uncomplicated yet fun exercise routine that can
be utilized at any time of the day. More routines not taught during the program can be
given to the barangay so that the barangay officials can establish a daily or weekly zumba
program. As said before, a medical mission will take place in the community. Professional
medical experts are brought to the site and will address any concerns stated by
participants. While doing so, an assessment of the community’s malnourishment status
will also be conducted to set a benchmark for projected improvements in a certain time.

DAY 5
The last week of the program involves the wrapping-up seminar. To make sure
that the lectures and key principles of nutrition discussed in the seminar are remembered
for the children, games will be conducted. The children will remember the concepts more
since they are incorporated in the activity. In addition, the organizers will talk about the
activities in the past few weeks and highlight the importance of all things taught during the
seminars and programs. Brochures and nutritional health charts will also be distributed.
The brochures include information on key food groups that should be consumed regularly.
Lunch will be served afterwards.

B. Budget
The project will rely heavily on sponsors to decrease the project cost. The medical
mission, utensils, transportation of the organizer along with the speaker, and snacks will
be funded by sponsors. Other expenditure are listed in the table below. The meal prices
listed below account for all 150 participants.

Estimated costs

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

Speaker’s fee 3000 Soil 2500 Ingredients 7400

and additional
cooking costs
 Lunch 7400 Seeds 1800 Speaker’s fee 2000

Transportation 1800 Lunch 7400 Document 100

Cost printing costs

Speaker’s fee 3000 Transportation 1800

Cost

Document 100
printing costs

Transportation 1800
Cost

Total 12200 16600 11300

Week 4 Week 5

Lunch 7400 Brochures and Charts 1500

Transportation Cost 1800 Lunch 7400

Transportation Cost 1800

Total 9200 10700

The costs of the project are divided into the weeks of the project. The speakers for the
seminars are estimated to cost 3000 pesos; however the student chefs that will be teaching on
day 3 will be paid 1000 pesos each. There will be 50 sacks of 32 kilogram soil to be given to the
community which amounts to 2500 pesos. Fifty sacks are to be bought since 50 families are
estimated to join the programs. The seeds consists of 10 packs for the 6 types of seeds that will
be distributed. Each seed pack costs 30 pesos and the total cost for the seeds will be 1800 pesos.
The vegetable and rice portion of the lunch will be bought from the partner farmer organization.
Total cost for lunch in each meeting is consistently 7400 pesos. The document printing costs
pertain to the soil cultivation and cooking procedure papers that will be given to the barangay.
The brochures and charts that will be distributed on the last day is estimated to cost 1500 pesos.
This covers the printing cost. The transportation costs accounts for the partner farmer
organization’s transportation to and from the community. The vehicle to be rented is an L300 to
ensure that there is ample space for the goods brought by the farmer association as well as
enough space for the representative from the association.

VI. Sustainability Mechanism

Strategies to help sustain initiatives to enhance the prevention and rehabilitation
of malnutrition in KASECA are being implemented. This includes seminars that pass on
 nutritional health values and knowledge should provide a social mechanism for the
community to maintain better nutritional health practices, provision of health charts and
basic amenities to retain nutritional health and connections to groups that can provide
health services (e.g. contact numbers of nearby affordable hospitals, partner groups for
the medical mission), and return of the medical mission after one quarter to determine the
progress of the community in avoiding malnutrition and if it reached its goal of decreasing
malnutrition in the community by 5-70%.

VII. Service in the Lasallian Way

A. Context-sensitive
For any outreach program to truly succeed, it is necessary for the outreaching party
to understand the life, values, and situation of the community. In the case of this proposed
service plan, the proponents are utilizing data gathered by previous outreach programs,
as well as partnering up with existing organizations and authorities already present in the
community. By doing so, the program may be adjusted and better implemented based on
the feedback and intentions of those who have lived there for most of their lives.

B. Life-affirming
Education and aid regarding practices to reduce and/or eradicate malnutrition
among youth is the primary output of this service plan. It follows, hence, that the nature of
this program is both to sustain life, and also to reduce suffering within the lives of those
impacted. Teaching health to the youth through basic everyday tasks such as games,
talks, and other activities not only incorporates life-sustaining practices into the contexts
of their daily lifestyles, but also embeds in their memory the importance of these practices
to function healthily in their day-to-day life.

C. Mutually-empowering
Given that the program is targeted for the long-term, it is expected that both the
participants from the community and the volunteers will learn and understand the
importance and methods of healthy nutritional intake. For the participants, this will come
from better physical and mental day-to-day health and functionality, and for the volunteers,
it will come from witnessing the impact that these changes make on the community. This
will help volunteers not only understand the impact they make, but also assess the impact
proper nutrition has on all aspects of social life, whether it is in behavior or in aversion
from sickness.

D. Capacitating
The proposed plan would be able to give the community a chance to live healthy
lives. Furthermore, it would help in preventing more diseases from occurring, enabling the
beneficiaries to be able to work more while preventing future costs from medical bills. In
addition, it would allow them to help others in the vicinity, enabling the community to strive.
Lastly, the plan would give them the right knowledge in order to provide for themselves
and their families.
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