ENGLISH PORTOFOLIO

2020/2021

Name : Karini Fathiya

Class : XII MIPA 4

NIS/NISN : 181910123/0030833954

SMA NEGERI 3 CIBINONG

Jl. Perum Bogor Asri Kel. Nanggewer Kec. Cibinong Kab. Bogor 16912

Telp. (0251)8659686 email : sman3_cibinong@yahoo.co.id

 PREFACE

First of all, thanks to allah swt because of the help of Allah, writer finished writing the paper
entitle Tugas Portofolio Bahasa Inggris right in the calculated time.

The purpose in writing this paper is to fulfill the assignment that given by Ms. Winda
Yulinda, S.S. as an english teacher. In arranging this paper, the writer truly get lots challenges
and obstructions but with help of many individuals, those obstructions could pass. Writer also
realized there are still many mistakes in process of writing this paper.

Because of that, the writer says thank you to all individuals who helps in the process of
writing this paper. Hopefully Allah replies all helps and bless you all. The writer realized that
this paper still imperfect in arrangement and the content. Then the writer hopes the criticism
from the readers can help the writer in perfecting the next paper. Last but not the least
hopefully, this paper can help the readers to gain more knowledge.

Bogor, February 2021

Karini Fathiya

2
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE.............................................................................................................................1

PREFACE......................................................................................................................2

TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................3

CHAPTER I ................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION

A. Background.........................................................................................................5

CHAPTER II ............................................................................................................... 6

EXPLANATION TEXT AND SONG LYRIC

A. Definition of Explanation Text............................................................................6

B. Social Function of Explation Text.......................................................................6
C. Generic Structure of Explanation Text................................................................6
D. Language Feature in Explanation Text................................................................7
E. Definition of Song Lyric......................................................................................8
F. Social Function of Song Lyric.............................................................................8
G. Generic Structure of Song Lyric..........................................................................9
H. Paraphrase...........................................................................................................10
I. Preposition in Song Lyric....................................................................................11

CHAPTER III ...............................................................................................................12

ASSIGNMENTS

3.1. Explanation Text .........................................................................................12

3.2. Song Lyric ...................................................................................................16

3
CHAPTER IV ........................................................................................................... 18

CLOSING

REFERENCES...........................................................................................................19

4
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background

Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and
cultural phenomena. Purpose of explanation text is to explain how or why something
happens. Generic structure of explanation text consist of general statement, sequenced of
explanation, and closing. Language features of explanation text are using simple present
tense, conjunction, abstract noun (no visible noun), passive voice, and action verbs.

Song lyrics are words that make up a song, usually consisting of verses and choruses. The

writer of lyrics is a lyricist. Lyrics that a songwriter puts into their music are forms of
expression. The sole purpose is to get what’s on their mind or heart onto paper. Together it
creates something beautiful that the artist can share and change people’s thinking. This allows
the listener to see things from their perspective. Song structure refers to how a song is
organized, using a combination of different sections. A typical song structure includes a
verse, chorus, and bridge in the following arrangement: intro, verse — chorus — verse —
chorus —bridge — chorus — outro. This is known as an ABABCB structure, where A is the
verse, B is the chorus and C is the bridge. In song lyric, paraphrasing is telling or writing the
meaning of an expression in different words but still keeping the same meaning.

5
 CHAPTER II

EXPLANATION TEXT AND SONG LYRIC

A. Definition of Explanation Text

Explanation is a text which tell processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and
cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of the
phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history text books.

B. Social Function of Explanation Text

According to Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson (1997: 82) says that the explanation text
type is often used to tell how and why thing (phenomena) occur in nature.

Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific,
and cultural phenomena. Social function of explanation text is to explain how or why
something happens.

C. Generic Structure of Explanation Text

1. General Statement
About the general explanation of the phenomenon to be discussed may introduce this
phenomenon or explanation. General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which
are to be explained.
Example :
Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the
amazing world of chocolate so we can understand exactly we are eating.

2. Sequences of Explanation
Contains an explanation of the process why this phenomenon can happen or be
created.
Example :

6
 Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions,
especially in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree
produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. In side the fruits are the tree’s
seeds. They are also known as coco beans.

Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are
shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts processing by roasting the
beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different
qualities and flavour. So they are often shorted and blended to produce a distinctive
mix.

The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat
nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are
grounded to make it liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter.

3. Closing
Closing in explanation text is optional.
Example :
All seeds contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not different. However,
cacao beans are half fat, which is why they ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter
chocolate.

D. Language Features in Explanation Text

In an explanation text, there are linguistic features as below :

a. Using simple present tense

The simple present, present simple or present indefinite is one of the verb forms
associated with the present tense in modern English. It is commonly referred to as a
tense, although it also encodes certain information about aspect in addition to present
time.

The simple present tense is one of several forms of present tense in English. It is used
to describe habits, unchanging situations, general truths, and fixed arrangements.

7
 Examples :
1) He drinks tea at breakfast.
2) We catch the bus every morning.
3) Water freezes at zero degrees.
4) Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
5) Our holiday starts on the 26th March
6) We'll give it to her when she arrives.

b. Using conjunction
Conjunctions are used to join clauses, phrases, and words together for constructing
sentences. Conjunctions make a link between/among words or groups of words to
other parts of the sentence and show a relationship between/among them.
Examples:

 The data was gathered through questionnaires and interviews.

 I don’t like to run or swim.
 He was clever but lazy.

c. Using abstract noun

d. Using passive voice
e. Using action verbs

E. Definition of Song Lyric

Lyrics are words that make up a song, usually consisting of verses and choruses. Lyric is

having the form and musical quality of a song, and especially the character of a songlike
outpouring of the poet's own thoughts and feelings, as distinguished from epic and dramatic
poetry.

F. Social Function of Song Lyric

8
Lyrics that a songwriter puts into their music are forms of expression. The sole purpose is to
get what’s on their mind or heart onto paper. Together it creates something beautiful that the
artist can share and change people’s thinking. This allows the listener to see things from their
perspective. If the songwriter’s lyrics are relatable they will resonate with you and become
therapeutic. If written powerfully the lyrics can refresh the memory of the past and will tell a
story of the songwriters’ thoughts. Lyrics take you back to a certain time when you were
happy or sad while opening up your senses to be vulnerable.

G. Generic Structure of Song Lyric

Song structure refers to how a song is organized, using a combination of different sections. A
typical song structure includes a verse, chorus, and bridge in the following arrangement:
intro, verse — chorus — verse — chorus —bridge — chorus — outro. This is known as an
ABABCB structure, where A is the verse, B is the chorus and C is the bridge.

 Intro
Like the beginning of a film or novel, a song introduction should catch the listener’s
attention. However, it should do this without overwhelming them. For this reason,
song intros are typically slower and more low-key. The goal is to establish the
rhythm, tempo, and melody of the song, and introduce the singer or singers’ voices.
 Verse
The verse of a song is a chance to tell a story. Lyrically speaking, this is where the
story actually develops and advances. In most songs, the chorus and pre-chorus
generally use the same lyrics each time, so the verse is your chance to get your
message across.
 Pre-chorus
Although optional, a pre-chorus helps to heighten the impact of the chorus. A pre-
chorus usually contains a chord progression from either the verse or the chorus,
building upon that familiarity. It’s another chance to experiment—a pre-chorus can
utilize different harmonies, for example, or break the pattern of the song.
 Chorus
The chorus is the culmination of all the big ideas in your song. This is often why the
title of the song also appears in the chorus. It’s a summary of what the entire song is
about. The chorus typically also contains the hook—the catchiest part of the song.

9
 Choruses should serve as the climax to the song. The verses and pre-chorus both
serve to build up to this one moment; therefore the chorus should reflect that release
of tension.
 Bridge
The bridge typically happens only once towards the end of a song, usually between
the second and third chorus. It’s a change of pace in the song—it stands out both
lyrically and musically. The point is to jolt the listener out of her reverie and remind
her that there’s more to this song than just repetition. This can be achieved through
something like switching to a relative key in the same key signature
 Outro
This is the end of the song. An outro should signal clearly to the listener that the song
is coming to an end. This can be done in a number of ways, but typically is achieved
by doing the reverse of the intro—in other words, slowing down. More often than
not, the outro is usually a repeat of the chorus with a slow fade-out.

H. Paraphrase

Paraphrasing is telling or writing the meaning of an expression in different

words but still keeping the same meaning.

I. Preposition in Song Lyric

Preposition is a word that describes the relationship between two nouns. A noun is a person,
place, thing or idea. Common prepositions include words like about, for, in, on and at,  but
there are many more. Prepositions can be placed as follows :

a. If you can also say inside, then use the word in.

Example :
 The Four Tops, 'Standing in the Shadows of Love'

b. If you can say that one noun is touching the surface of another noun (but not
contained), then you can probably use the word on.

10
 Example :
 Jackson Browne, 'Running on Empty'

c. You can normally use the word at when you’re talking about an idea or
a general area.
Example :
 Pink Sweats ‘At My Worst’

11
 CHAPTER III

ASIGNMENTS

A. Explanation Text

1) Rain

1. What can you infer from the text given?

2. Have you ever wonder how the rain falls? Why?
3. What do you know about the rain?
4. How do you think it is possibly happened?
5. What do you think the purpose of the text above?
6. What do you know about the closing related to the text?
7. What tense is mostly used in the text? Write five examples!

2) Tornado

1. What is the video about?

The video tell us about nature disaster which is tornado.
2. What is the type of the text explained in this video?
To tell the viewers information from the video about tornado.
3. What is the purpose of the information in the video?
The information about what is tornado and how the tornado happen.
4. What are It’s the generic structures?
General Structure; General statement, Explanation, Conclution
5. Which part is called the general statement?
“tornado which is also known” until “it’s way causing massive destruction to the
surrounding”
6. What is it’s sequence of explanation?
What is the tornado, the process or how the tornado happen, a way to avoid tornado /
conckution
7. When you find the closing of the explanation in that video?
The way or how to avoid the tornado.

12
B. Song Lyric

1) Cloud Number Nine

1. What is the title of the lyric?

The title of the lyric is “Cloud number nine”
2. What is the meaning of the title?
A place called cloud number nine.
3. Who do you think the writer of the song?
Bryan Adams
4. Do you find any preposition  in the lyric? Mention!
Preposition : on, out, up, down, with, behind
5. What does the writer try to stay in the lyric?
The writer is trying to confess his feeling to someone.

2) Activity 1

VOCABULARY BUILDER
HEAL = menyembuhkan, (of a person treatment) cause (a wound, injury,
or person) to become sound or healthy again.
SORROW = kesedihan, a feeling of deep distress caused by loss,
disappointment, or person)
SPACE = ruang, a continuous area or expanse which is free, available, or
unoccupied pleasure.
JOYFUL GIVING = pemberian yang menyenangkan, something that is joyful
causes happiness and pleasure
BLISS = kebahagiaan, perfect happiness: great joy
DREAD = ketakutan, anticipate with great apprehension or fear
CONCEIVED = form or devise (a plan or idea) in mind
REVEAL = mengungkapkan, make (previously unknown or secret
information) known to others
GRACE = rahmat, simple elegance or refinement of movement
STRANGLING = mencekik, squeeze or constrict, especially so as to cause death
CRUCIFY = menyalib/mematikan, put (someone) to death especially as an

13
 ancient punishment
PLOWSHARES = mata bajak, the main cutting blade of plow, behind the coulter.

Heal the World

By Michael Jackson
There's a place in your heart
And I know that it is love
And this place could be much
brighter(1) than tomorrow
And if you really try
You'll find there's no need(2) to cry
In this place you'll feel
There's no hurt or sorrow(3)
There are ways to get there
If you care enough for the living
Make a little space
Make a better place

Chorus
Heal the world
Make it a better place
For you and for me
And the entire(4)human race
There are people dying
If you care enough for the living
Make it a better place
For you and for me
If you want to know why(5)
There's love that cannot lie
Love is strong
It only cares of joyful giving
If we try we shall see
In this bliss we cannot feel

14
Fear of dread
We stop existing and start living(6)
Then it feels that always
Love's enough for us growing(7)
So make a better world Make a better(8) place

Bridge :
And the dream(9) we were conceived in
Will reveal a joyful face
And the world we once believed in
Will shine(10) again in grace

Then why do we keep strangling life

Wound(11) this earth, crucify its soul
Though it's pain(12) to see
This world is heavenly
Be god's glow

We could fly(13) so high

Let our spirits(14) never die
In my heart I feel you are all my brothers
Create(15) a world with no fear
Together we’ll cry(16) happy tears
See the nations turn their swords(17) into plowshares
We could really get there
If you cared enough for the living
Make a little(18)
space To make a
better place

Chorus :

Heal the world

Make it a better place
For you and for me

15
 And the entire human race
There are people dying(19)
If you care enough for the living
Make a better place for you and for me

Refrain (2x)

There are people dying

If you care(20) enough for the living
Make a better place for you and for me

You and for me

COMPREHENSION
QUESTIONS
1. What does the first verse of the song talk about? Say it in one sentence.
The first verse is called out for people to share their love to make a better condition.
2. In your opinion, what does “Heal The World” mean?
Heal The world means a represent of helping each other as healing the world.
3. What does this verse mean? Say it in one sentence.
There’s no need to cry
There’s no hurt or sorrow
And that old north wind should begin to blow
If you care enough for living
Make it a better place
This world is heavenly be God’s glow
It means if e do everything genuinely it will create a better condition.
4. Which verse is repeated in the song? Why?
The chorus, to remind us to heal the world.
5. What is “heal”? Can you find the synonym of heal?
Synonim : cure, fix, mend, rehab, rehabilitate, set up
6. In general, what is the song about?
An invitation for us to start care with each other and make a better condition of this world.
7. What is your opinion about the song?
Its truly beautiful and powerful to remind us to keep share love.

16
8. As a young generation, what can you do to ‘heal the world’ ?
Start help each other, don’t send hate to anyone, do charity.

17
 CHAPTER IV

CLOSING

Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and
cultural phenomena. Purpose of explanation text is to explain how or why something
happens. Generic structure of explanation text consist of general statement, sequenced of
explanation, and closing. Language features of explanation text are using simple present
tense, conjunction, abstract noun (no visible noun), passive voice, and action verbs.

Song lyrics are words that make up a song, usually consisting of verses and choruses. The

writer of lyrics is a lyricist. Lyrics that a songwriter puts into their music are forms of
expression. The sole purpose is to get what’s on their mind or heart onto paper. Together it
creates something beautiful that the artist can share and change people’s thinking. This allows
the listener to see things from their perspective. Song structure refers to how a song is
organized, using a combination of different sections. A typical song structure includes a
verse, chorus, and bridge in the following arrangement: intro, verse — chorus — verse —
chorus —bridge — chorus — outro. This is known as an ABABCB structure, where A is the
verse, B is the chorus and C is the bridge. In song lyric, paraphrasing is telling or writing the
meaning of an expression in different words but still keeping the same meaning.

Reading means looking at and ready to understand something that is composed or printed. In
demonstrating and learning English, reading is a very important skill in addition to tuning,
speaking and composing.

Reading means seeing and being ready to understand something that is written or printed. In
demonstrating and learning English, reading is a very important skill apart from tuning,
speaking and composing. In honing English language skills at SMA 3 Cibinong students are
often given tasks that require students to hone their thinking power. As a portfolio assignment
assessment writer hopes to graduate from sman 3 with a satisfactory grade.

18
 REFERENCES

http://britishcourse.com/explanation-text-definition-generic-structures-purposes-language-
features.php

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_present

https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/simple-present-tense/

https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/abstract_nouns.htm

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/action-verb-examples.html

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyrics

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/lyric

https://www.nrgrecording.com/post/why-do-lyrics-matter

https://www.masterclass.com/articles/songwriting-101-learn-common-song-structures#what-
makes-a-song

https://www.fluentu.com/blog/english/english-prepositions/

https://www.learngrammar.net/english-grammar/conjunction

https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/500-greatest-songs-of-all-time-151127/

19