1.

Fill in the missing words:

 Humans have long _________ the Fountain of Youth and with the
wide-ranging benefits of reducing disease and enabling a longer,
healthier life, reversing the causes of aging is a major focus of much
medical research.
 Normally, the process of aging in the human body starts at middle age
around 45. The process and its effects depend on both, the
________ as well as environmental factors.
 Aging causes some amount of reduction in the rate of human cell
______________ and also causes some of the cells to function
inappropriately.
 Ageing is considered a one-way street, but researchers at Harvard
University have shown that some aspects can be reversed.
Researchers say that they've been able to reverse the aging process in
mice, using a chemical that in one week made two-year-old mice
tissue _________ tissue of six-month-old mice.
 In human years, that's as if a 60-year-old's cells became more like the
cells of a 20-year-old. The researchers have managed to reverse the
effects of aging in mice using an approach that restores
communication between a cell's mitochondria and nucleus.
 Mitochondria are the power supply within the cell, _________ the
chemical energy required for key biological functions. When
communication breaks down between mitochondria and the nucleus,
which is the cell's control center, the effects of aging accelerate.
 The study found that by restoring this molecular communication,
aging could not only be _________, but could be reversed.
Responsible for this communication breakdown is a decline of the
chemical NAD.
 This chemical reduces in the body as we age. By increasing amounts
of a compound used by the cell to produce NAD, the researchers
found that they could quickly repair mitochondrial function, and that
led to the radical _________ in the ageing of the mice.
 They had more energy, their _________ were as though they'd be
exercising and it was able to mimic the benefits of diet and exercise
just within a week. Researchers say that the diseases they have come
to expect of old age have been drastically reversed in mice.
 Even the younger mice showed benefits from the compound, making
them "supercharged" above normal. The researchers say a "magic
pill" that reverses ageing is several years away, _______ due to the
 cost of the compound, which would be about $50,000 a day for a
human.
 Reversing aging isn't just to make people live until they are 200 or
300, the goal is to keep people healthier for longer and keep them
from getting ________ of aging.
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