11 Oral

Communication
in Context
Quarter 2 –Module 8
Employing various communicative
strategies in different situations

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Oral Communication in Context – Grade 11
Quarter 2 Module 8 - Employing Various Communicative Strategies in
Different Situations.

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Crispina S. Ebdao,Ph.D.

Editor: May Ann L. Go, Ph.D.
Reviewer: Belen D. Tado, Ph.D.
Illustrator: Kristine W. Tuba
Layout Artist: Crispina S. Ebdao, Ph.D.
Management Team:
Dr. Josephine L. Fadul ,– Schools Division Superintendent
Dr.Melanie P. Estacio - Assistant Schools Division
Superintendent
Printed in the Philippines
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Division
Department of Education – Region XI
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English
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Learning Resources Management
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Oral Communication in Context Self- Engaging Module (SEM) on

Employing Various Communicative Strategies in Different Situations.

This module is a self-paced learning resource designed to adopt the Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) for our senior high school learners. The lesson is anchored on
the most essential learning competencies in Oral Communication in Context of the K
to 12 Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum.

This learning resource hopes to engage learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. The learners should be oriented to read and
follow the instructions carefully as well as be acquainted on the signs and icons for
them to observe the sequence of the lessons.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Learners will write their answers of the pre-test, assessment and other exercises in a
separate sheet of paper. In addition, they can refer their answers to the Self-Check
Section which is found at the last part of this module. Likewise, you should track
learners’ progress while learning at their own pace.
 For the learner:
Welcome to the Oral Communication in Context Self- Engaging Module (SEM) on
Employing Various Communicative Strategies in Different Situations.

This module aims to develop your communicative competence by acquainting yourself

with the types of communicative strategies that you can use in different
communication situations. The activities and the exercises were designed according to
your level and can be accomplished in your own pace and can be done independently.

This module has the following icons which will serve as your guide as you do the
exercises designed in this learning resource.

In this portion, objective of the new

lesson will be introduced.

Let Us Learn! Let Us Try! This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module through pre-test for the learners.

Let Us Study
This is where new lesson is introduced.

independent practice to solidify your

understanding and skills of the topic. You may
Let Us Practice check the answers to the exercises using the
This comprises activities for Answer Key at the end of the module.
Let Us Practice More This section provides an activity which will help
you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
Let Us Remember Let Us Assess This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Let Us Enhance In this portion, another activity will be given to you

to enrich your
knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned.
Closing note of the relevance,
meaning and application of the concepts and
skills developed in the lesson to real life
experiences.
Let Us Reflect Let Us Learn!

In this module, you will explore the different communicative strategies in

communication. You will learn the functions of each strategy and the impact of using
and observing these communicative strategies in intrapersonal communication.

For you to become familiar with them, this module uses situations that provide
examples of actual language usage as it paves the way for a deeper understanding of
the functions of each communicative strategy in having interpersonal communication
at the conversational level. In addition, the role of teacher is crucial in helping the
students understand that observing these communicative strategies in
communication would help us to achieve effective communication .

Upon completing this module, you are expected to:

1. identify and explain the types of communicative strategy;

2. differentiate each type of communication strategy by giving examples ;
3. apply the types of communication in a given situation; and
4. realize the importance of using the various communication strategies to
become an effective conversationalist.

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MELC # 9

Employ various communicative strategies in different situations

(En/OCllab-21)

Let Us Try!

In your previous lesson, you have learned that language is an

essential tool in communicating. This could refer to verbal and nonverbal
language. Most of our communication is in verbal way which means we use
words to form phrases, clauses and sentences. The use of words can make
statements, requests, ask questions, give orders, make promises, give thanks,
offer apologies, and so on.

However, in communicating we must also observe some strategies for us

to be understood and for us to understand other. In other words, employing
the right strategies in communicating is also a factor to achieve effective
communication.

Are you now ready for your learning journey? Let us try first how much
you knew about the next topic. Read each definition and answer each item with
TRUE or FALSE. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

_______1. Topic shifting is changing the topic of conversation.

__________2. Nomination is used when you correct an utterance that is
misunderstood.
__________3. Topic control is done when you regulate a topic of conversation
and how long we want the other person may talk.
__________4. Topic restriction is the limiting the topic or subject in
conversation.
_______5. Termination is the ending of conversation.
__________6. Turn-taking is allowing the participants the opportunity to talk.
__________7. Repair is when the speaker propose a topic or subject for
conversation.

Were you able to get the correct answer? Read the sample activities below
to know more.
 Let Us Study
In this lesson, you will be given clear explanations why we need to use and observe
the strategies in communication. An effective communicator engages in an
appropriate exchange of information. To successfully accomplish this, he must be
communicatively competent. One way of achieving communicative competence is
employing the communicative strategy in a particular communication situation.

To get a clear view, let us explore the different expressions which could denote
a certain communicative strategy.

Observe the following sentences and notice the italicized words: After reading
the sample sentences, try to reflect on the questions below:

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- How about discussing your future plans?
- By the way, do you have a bank account?
- Thanks for spending time with me.
- What do you think about the lifting of General Community
Quarantine?
- What I mean is to share your blessings to the poor but deserving. -
Could you focus on the causes and effects of bullying? - It would be
a good idea to discuss about the play than talk about her.

Which sentence denotes an opening of a topic to be discussed? Which

sentence indicates limitation of the topic or subject in conversation? Which sentence
hints the other speaker to take the floor? Which sentence manipulates the topic to
elicit specific information? Which sentence denotes shifting to other topic? Which
sentence hints that a speaker is correcting his or her utterance? Which sentence
denotes that a speaker is ending the conversation?

Read the expressions/ statements which were classified into different

categories and analyse how the expressions helped in achieving effective
communication.

A. Nomination
● Why don’t we talk about? _________________
● Let’s talk/ discuss ________________. What do you think?

❖ What do you observe on the expressions? Have you used these

expressions when engaging in a conversation? Or when you talk to
somebody? When did the expressions usually occur during
conversation?

B. Restriction

● Let us focus on__________

● Limit your talk on ________

❖ Have you experienced using the following expressions when you want to
focus on one aspect? or the time to discuss is very short?

C. Turn-taking

● What do you think?

● Does it make sense to you?
 ❖ Have you used these expressions during conversation? Do you allow
other speaker to take the floor during conversation?

D. Topic Control

● Yes, but…….
● Let’s not talk about it, instead let’s talk_________

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❖ What do you observe on the expressions? When the following
expressions do usually uttered?

E. Topic Shifting

● By the way…..
● Let us go back to….
●
❖ What do you observe on the expressions? Have you used these
expressions to make the communication going and interesting?

F. Repair
● I mean…..
● What I mean is that…..
● Rather, _____________
❖ What do you observe on the expressions? Have you used these
expressions?

G. Termination

1. I’m sorry, but I have to go now

2. I’ll send you an email

❖ What do you observe on the expressions? How do you end a

conversation? Have you find it difficult to end a conversation? What are
other expressions you have used to end in a conversation?

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION STRATEGY

People communicate every day to establish and maintain relationships, know

and understand themselves, and find meaning in the daily grind. Successful
communication requires understanding of the relationship between words and
sentences and the speech acts they represent.

An effective communicator engages in an appropriate exchange of information

that is the need to receive and provide information. Certainly, the way we
communicate affects the people respond to us, the kind of friends we have and the
type of work that we do. This lesson will discuss the types of communication strategy
such as: nomination, restriction, turn-taking, topic control, topic shifting,
repair and termination.
1. NOMINATION ● This is the first communication strategy that a
speaker should be familiar with.
● A speaker carries out nomination to collaborately
and productively establish a topic.
● In other words, this strategy is being employed
when you try to open a topic with the people you
are talking to.
 2. RESTRICTION ● The second strategy that communicators must
know
● A speaker is limiting a topic for conversation. ● This
sometimes happens when the person wants to focus
on a certain aspect of the issue under deliberation or
when time to discuss is very short.

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3. TURN-TAKING ● Another communication strategy that we must be
cognizant of in order to become effective
communicators.
● It is the process by which people decide who takes
the conversational floor.
● It is the skill
● A turn is the time when a speaker is talking.

4. TOPIC CONTROL ● Another strategy that communicator have to master

● It means regulating or manipulating the topic of
conversation and how long we want the other person
may talk.
● To elicit specific information from a conversation is
to control what is said and when.

5. TOPIC SHIFTING ● This strategy refers to changing the subject in a

conversation because the persons involved in the
conversation do not find the current topic
interesting.
● The communicators do not only talk about one topic
from the beginning until the end.
● It is done without explicitly announcing the change
of topic or it may be a new one

6. REPAIR ● In conversation, repair means the correction by the

speaker of a misunderstood utterance, either
through self-initiated repair, or corrected by
others.
● Speakers address the problems in speaking,
listening and comprehending that they may
encounter in a conversation.
● A speaker recognizes a speech error and repeats
what has been said with some sort of correction.
Four Varieties of Repair

1. Self-initiated self-repair. This repair is both initiated and carried out by

the speaker of the trouble source.

Example:
I’m going to Bianca’s – I mean Bella’s birthday party on Sunday 2. Other-
initiated self-repair. This repair is carried out by the speaker of the trouble
source but initiated by the recipient.

Example:
A: I’m going to have my final examination next week.
B. What?
A: I said I am going to have my final examination next week.
Example:

Daughter: Mom, I want to [untelligible speech] my laptop today! Mother:

You want to lend your laptop

Daughter: No mom, I want to bring my laptop to school!

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3. Self-initiated other-repair. In this type of repair, the speaker of a trouble
source may try and get the recipient to repair the trouble – for instance if
a name is proving troublesome to remember.

Example:

Charles: I need to pack my things tonight for our recollection on

Saturday, so I need to get another ummm…

Ramon: Another bag?

Charles: Yes, that’s right! A bigger bag.

4. Other-initiated other-repair. Here the recipient of a trouble source

initiates and carries out the repair. This is closer to what is conventionally
called ‘correction.”
Example:
Angie: Aren’t you glad that today is Sunday?
Betty: Sunday is actually tomorrow.

● Indicates that the repair has been both initiated and resolved in the same
sentence.

7. Termination ● This last communication strategy refers to ending

the conversation.
● It refers to the conversation participants’ close
initiating expressions that end in a conversation.
 SAMPLE EXPRESSIONS

Pre-closing

✔ It’s been nice talking to you

Follow-up

✔ I’ll give you a call.

Closing

✔ I look forward to seeing you again.

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Let Us Practice
Read the dialogue below. Extract some expressions and identify the communicative
strategy used. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
I’m fine. What is your opinion
Hi! Norma how are you? Let Oh, yes I’ve heard about that
us talk for a while about the about the conduct of
Juanita. What is one. But I think it is not
it? online classes to
news over the radio possible to our place because
public school instead
not all families have internet
of face to face
connection. The COVID
learning?
cases are still increasing

I don’t think so. But don’t I hope they can think of a

Yes, that’s very better solution to the
worry Juanita because the problem. Oh, thanks for
scary! But let’s go your time but I need to go
Department of Education is
back to our topic. Do
thinking of other learning
you think there
modalities that will suit to
would be quality
every community. They will
education with this
ensure that education is still
modality of
possible nowadays.
learning?
now. Goodbye. Okay bye bye
Expressions and Phrases Strategy

Example: Let us talk for a while about the latest news Topic Nomination
-------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------
------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------
----------------------------------------------------- --------------------------- ----

Let Us Practice More

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Read carefully the dialogue. Pick out the expressions and phrases used to illustrate a
particular communication strategy. Then, identify the communication strategy used.
Use another sheet of paper for your answers.
Dialogue
Three students are in the corridor waiting for their next class.

Chora: Hi, everybody! Do you already have an assignment in Oral

Communication?

Ana: Oh, yes!. My sister helped me did it. How about you?

Chora: I don’t have my assignment yet because I was not able to research on
Communicative strategy. Could you share your assignment to me?

Ana: Sure.

Karen: Don’t worry about it! Why don’t talk about our output in Earth and Life
Science?

Chora: I think that’s a good idea! Our professor told us to do a digital presentation
about matter.

Ana: That’s right, but we have to look first for a laptop or gadgets.

Karen: I know but we have to think first of where we could access an

internet connection for us to download information. What do you think?

Chora: I’m really worried about my assignment in Oral Communication in Context.

You know very well that our teacher is quite strict in terms of submission of outputs.

Karen: It’s time for our Statistics class now. Mr. Adolfo who is also strict is coming.
Thank you for your time.

Ana: We will see you later.

Chora: Bye. See you at the canteen.

Expressions and Phrases Communication Strategy

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Let Us Remember

A. Give three things to remember in communicative strategies.

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Least Important

3
 Important
2
Very Important

Let Us Assess

A. Read each statement. Write the strategy employed on the following

statements.
________1. “Do you have an opinion about it?”

________2. “One of the essential lessons I learned in this topic is the importance using
an appropriate communicative strategy in communication.

________3. “Excuse me? I think we should take turns in speaking so that each idea
would be heard clearly.

________4. “You must speak first before I say something.”

________5. “Have you heard the latest update on Corona Virus?

________6. “Hey, how are you? I haven’t seen you for a long time.

________7. “Extend my hello to your mother! See you around!”

________8. “I am happy to see you. I would just like to apologize for what I said last
night.

________ 9. “Sorry, I am still preoccupied with our projects. Let’s talk later, okay?

________ 10. “Now, it’s your turn to speak.

Let Us Enhance

Complete the story board by supplying a possible statement/conversation in

the dialogue box. Use expression/s to indicate a certain communicative
strategy. Be guided with the given scenario.

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Situation 1: A conversation between teacher and student over the phone on how
to answer the modules.
 Student Teacher Student Teacher

Teacher Student

Student Teacher

Situation 2: A conversation between parent and teacher during the distribution

of modules.

Parent

Parent A Parent B A Parent B

Parent

A Parent B

Parent A Parent
B

Let Us Reflect

Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing
the phrase below.

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I thought that ….
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_
 ______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_ _________

I have learned that….

______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________________
_ ______________
______________________________________________________________________
_ __

Answer key to Activities

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 True Termination - Goodbye
True Termination
True - Oh, thanks for your time but I need to go now.
True Topic control – But let’s go back to our topic
True taking - Turn – What is your opinion about?
False Nomination
True – Let us talk for a while about the news over the radio
Let Us Try Let us Practice

taking - 4. Turn Termination (Closing) – Bye. See you at the canteen.

taking - 3. Turn
2. Termination
taking - 1. Turn o think first of where we could access an I know but we have t
Let us Assess
closing) - Termination (Pre
- It’s time for our Statistics class now. Thank you for your time
taking - Turn – What do you think?
Topic Control – internet connection.
Restriction
- Why don’t talk about our output in Earth and Life Science?
taking - Turn – How about you?
Nomination
subject?
Do you already have an assignment in Oral Communication
Let us Practice More

Answers may vary Answers may vary

Let us Remember Let us Enhance

References
Ana Marie O. Fernandez, A. (2016). SPEAC: Speak and Listen in Context- An Oral
Communication in Context Textbook for Senior High School, Phoenix
Publishing
House, Inc.

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Edwin V. Tendero and Maria Teresa Munji Antonino, (2009). Fundamentals of
Effective Speech & Oral Communication, Mutya Publishing House, Inc.

Maria Teresa Munji Antonino and Auxille Aurora D. Salvosa (2016). Oral
Communication in Context for Senior High School, Mutya Publishing House,
Inc.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

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Department of Education – Region XI