Republic of the Philippines

Pangasinan State University

Lingayen Campus
Lingayen, Pangasinan

Prof Ed 109 - The School and the Curriculum

Name: Mark John Rey R. Rosario.

Year and Section: II-BSED Filipino

Module 6

Lesson 1
Take Action
Activity 1 – K to 12: Can We Make a Curriculum Change? (By Groups)
The K to 12 is the current reform in our national basic education curriculum. There are driving forces as
well as restraining forces that affects its implementation. In other words, there are factors that will make K to 12
fail.
1. What factors make the K to 12 succeed? Write these on the left column A. You may not fill up
all the boxes.
2. What factors make the K to 12 difficult to succeed? Write these on the right column B. You may
not fill up all the boxes.
3. You see that the middle portion is the word equilibrium or balance.

Driving Force Restraining Forces

Government Fear of the Unknown
Society’s Values Negative Attitudes
EQUI-
Technological Advancements Traditional Perceptions
LI-
Knowledge Expansion Misconceptions
BRIUM
Modernization
Administrative Support

1. If A is more than B, there will be a successful curriculum change.

2. If B is more than A, there will be an unsuccessful curriculum change.
3. If A and B are equal. Then there will be a status quo.

Activity 2 – Making Sense of Curriculum Implementation

1. Observe class where the teacher is actually teaching.
2. Describe what the teacher is doing for at least the whole period.
3. Write down your observations based on the following questions:
3.1 What were the different learners activities?
- The students performed and did many tasks and activities. The teacher gave a mini-guessing
game for the students that is related to the topic. The teacher also grouped the class into four and
did brainstorming. They also participated in class recitation and answered the short quiz given by
the teacher.
3.2 What did the teacher do? To make the learners engage in the activities?
- The teacher said the objectives of the lesson. She also gave motivations for the students.
Because of this, the students actively participated in the class discussion. The teacher also used
several teaching methods and styles extended the attention span to engaged all of the students
in the learning process.
3.3 Were majority of the children actively participating? Why?
- Yes. Majority of the children actively participated. It’s because the teaching strategy used by the
teacher motivated the students and caught their attention. The teacher’s way of teaching was
also impressive.
3.4 Did the teacher control most of the activities?
- Yes. The teacher has the control of the activities, but after giving the activities, the students
were the one who did, and the teacher served as a facilitator.
3.5 Did the learners and the teacher together achieve the desired learning outcomes? Explain
- Yes. The teacher and the students achieved the desired learning outcome. This is the result
when the teacher’s strategies and teaching methods matched the students’ learning styles. The
students had fun and actively participated, without compromising the desired learning outcome
which is to learn a new topic.

Self-Check
Perfect Match
In column A are concepts about curriculum implementation. Connect a line from the box on the
left (A) to the arrow on the right (B) of the correct match.
 Column A Column B

Concepts Meaning Description

Implementing - Minor curriculum change like the use of e-portfolio instead of
portfolio as an artifact.
Restructuring - Progressive steps from orientation to reflection about the
curriculum that is a characteristic of a curriculum
implementation.
- Major curriculum change like shifting from face to face to on
Developmental
online delivery of an academic program.
- Curriculum process of putting into action what has been
Alteration
planned and designed.
Change Process - Process that ensures that the curriculum brings about
something different and better than before in the desired
learning outcomes.

Self-Reflect
1. As a future teacher, what would be your response to curriculum implementation as part of
curriculum change? Are you willing to take part in the implementation? Why? Why not? Write your
answer in the box.

- Yes. I will take part in the implementation. This is an era where curriculum change is needed. New
approach to curriculum and implementation in a new era normally requires schools and teachers to
take more responsibility for student learning. This might present a challenge at any time, particularly
when teachers have been used to more directives and less professional approaches to curriculum
implementation. In order to meet such a challenge, a new approach to curriculum policy, namely
“soft” policy, was used by policy-makers to implement curriculum reform. With the provision of
substantial resources, it was expected by the policy-makers that schools and teachers would have
better opportunities to develop themselves professionally and manage the new changes effectively.

Lesson 2
Take Action
Activity 1: What is your learning style?
1.Study the Learning Style Choice Board and check as many as you feel you want to do more
often.
2.If you have more choices, then you have a multiple learning style individual.

Visual Musical/Auditory Verbal

- Create Visual Diagram
- Graph Results of a Survey
- Create a Comic Strip
- Create a Poster
- Draw a Map
- Create a Power Point /
- Create a Webcast or Video
- Write a Song or Rap - Teach Concept
- Create a Dance / - Write Instructions
- Write a Jingle - Create Ads
- Create a Rhyme - Write a Poem
- Use an Instrument to - Keep a Journal
Create - Retell in your Own Words
- Teach Concept Mapping
- Write a Story

Physical/Kinesthetic Logical/Mathematical
Learning Styles
- Create a Game / - Create a Code
Choice Board
- Do an Experiment - Make a Time Line
We all learn in different
- Construct a Model - Compare/Contrast Ideas
ways! Pick your way to
- Build a Representation - Create an Outline
discover, think, create and
- Create a Sport - Design a Map
learn concepts in all areas;
- Show a Pattern
math, reading, science,
- Teach Concept Mapping
history, writing etc.

Social Solitary Naturalist

- Tell Stories or Poems
- Survey Others
- Interview Someone
- Teach a Cooperative
Game /
- Role Play
- Hold a Discussion /
- Research an Area
- Keep a Journal
- Write About Personal
Experiences /
- Think about … and plan …
- Read a Book on …
- Collect and Categorize
- Data, Material, or Ideas
- Discover or Experiment
- Take a Field Trip /
- Adapt Materials
- Label and Classify /
 Note: I highlighted my choices and checked them at the same time.

Take Action
Activity 2: Matching the Teaching Strategies with Learning Styles in Curriculum Implementation
Congratulations Future Teacher!
Now that you have identified your own learning style, what strategy or method of teaching will be most
appropriate for you? Look for 4 members from among your classmates who have similar learning style with you.

Make a group Lesson Plan that is most appropriate for your group, using the basic components as
prescribed by the Department of Education.
I. Objectives
II. Subject Matter
III. Procedure
IV. Assessment
V. Assignment

Types of Sentences According to Use

Time Frame: 45 minutes
Objectives
At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
1. Classify sentences according to their uses.
2. Construct declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences.
3. Read sentences correctly and clearly with expressions.
4. Show teamwork and cooperation through participating in a group activity.

Subject Matter
Topic: Different Types of Sentences According to Structure
Reference: Grammar and Composition 4 by Prentice Hall
Materials: Visual aids, charts, flash cards and pictures

Procedure
A. Prayer
B. Motivation
Group Activity
The students will be divided in to four; each group will be given pieces of paper with words written
on them. They will be asked to arrange the words in order to make a sentence.
They will come up with the following sentences:
1. Philippines is rich in natural resources.
2. When did you go visit the white island?
3. Please give the certificate.
4. I can’t believe it! We won!
C. Analysis
D. Generalization
E. Application
Group Activity: Make a short presentation depicting different situations. Make sure to use all types of
sentences.
Group 1: You and your friends are in a concert.
Group 2: You are lost when you meet a group of friends having fun on the road.
Group 3: A famous actress visited your village.
Group 4: Your teacher informed you about your failing marks.
Assessment
Directions: Read each sentence carefully and identify their function. Write DC if it is declarative,
INC if it is interrogative, IMC if it is imperative and EC if it is Exclamatory.

1. Samar Island is known for its beautiful caves and water falls.
2. Did the organization approve her proposal?
3. Isn’t her voice magnificent!
4. It’s a baby boy!
5. Call the insurance agent, please.
6. Watch out for that car!
7. What harm did the delay cause?
8. Most people do enjoy taking risks.
9. Is there anything else that I can get you?
10. Keep off the grass.
Assignment
Write a short narrative about your most unforgettable experience. Use at least 4 declarative, 4
imperative, 4 exclamatory and 4 interrogative sentences.

Self-Check
Let’s recall! Provide the answer to what is asked in each item.
1. What is the first level of knowledge in Bloom’s Taxonomy? KNOWLEDGE OR ACQUIRED
KNOWLEDGE
2. What is the highest level of cognition in the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy? CREATING
 3. What DepEd requires a newly hired teacher to write a lesson plan? DEPED ORDER NO. 70 s. 2012
4. What is referred to as miniscule curriculum that the teachers implements everyday? LESSON PLAN
5. What is the learning style of a learner, who likes to tinker with many things? KINESTHETIC
6. What component of a lesson plan requires an active action for a curriculum to be implemented?
PROCEDURES OR METHODS OR STRATEGIES
7. Who provides a visual model to show what instructional support can best enhance learning? NEIL D.
FLEMING
8. Who was Bloom’s student who revised his taxonomy of objectives? LORIN ANDERSON
9. Who is the frontline curriculum implementer? TEACHER
10. Who provided the original taxonomy for the cognitive domain? BENJAMIN BLOOM

Self-Reflect
Reflect and answer the statements below, based on the lesson you learned in this lesson.

1. When I become a teacher,

- I will consider the learning styles of my students in order to provide a much effective and efficient
learning for them, because this will surely help me to come up with best strategies or methods for their
learning. And also, matching the learning styles to the teaching strategies for the curriculum
implementation will let me attain the necessary objectives.

Lesson 3
Take Action

Class activity: Make students in groups decide on (a) a specific lesson to be taught (b) learning
objectives (c) choice of media (d) preparing Ingrid form a Lesson Plan, as in the following example:

Table 2 An Example of a Simplified Lesson Plan

Subject : Science
Level : Grade 10
Class size : 30 students
Duration : 1 period (1 hour)
Lesson : Electrical Circuits
Topic : Conductors or Insulators

Specific desired learning outcomes:

At the end of the lesson, learners must have:

- Differentiate conductors from insulators
- Identify common conductors and insulators
- Define resistance as well as circuits

Instructional media

- Youtube video about electrical circuits (15 minutes)

- White board

Activities

- Teacher introduces the general topic and lesson

- Pupils are prepared to view the video material
- After viewing, the teacher engages pupils in a brief motivational discussion
- Teacher highlights meaningful opinions from the class
- Teacher divides the class into groups, each group to fill in a grid brief points on:
A. Insulators
B. Conductors
C. Resistance
- Teacher asks each group to prepare a board presentation of their brief output.
- Teacher makes a summary of the lesson.
- Teacher assigns each student to prepare a poster design (with picture and text) on the subject of
Electrical Circuits for presentation and discussion in the next class.

Self-Check
Learners say, we learn 83% through the use of sight, compared with less effective ways to learn: Hearing
(10%), smell (4%), touch (2%) and taste (1%). In the use of visuals for a wide range of materials (Visual boards,
charts, overhead transparencies, slides, computer-generated presentations), there are basic principles of basic
design.
Assess a visual material or presentation (transparency or slide) using the following criteria:
 Visual elements (pictures, illustrations, graphics)
1. Lettering style or font – consistency and harmony
2. Number of lettering styles – no more than 2 in a static display (chart, Bulletin board)
3. Use of capitals – short titles or headlines should be no more than 6 words
4. Lettering colors – easy to see and read. Use of contrast is good for emphasis
5. Lettering size – good visibility even for students at the back of the classroom
6. Spacing between letters – equal and even spacing
7. Spacing between lines – not too close as to blur at a distance
8. Number of lines – no more than 8 lines of text in each transparency/slide
9. Appeal – unusual/catchy, two-dimensional, interactive (use of overlays or movable flaps)
10. Use of directional – devices (arrows, bold letters, bullets. Contrasting color and size, special
placement of an item
Overall look:
patterns of alignment, shape, balance, style, color, scheme and color appeal

I assessed one visual material I found in the teaching demonstration prepared by my former
teacher. The learning font is consistent. The letters are written or typed clearly and consistent. The colors
and size of letters are catchy and readable. The spacing is precise. The overall presentation is appealing
and well-made.

Self-Reflect
In a proposed mastery approach to instruction, the teacher (a) presents the lesson to the whole class (b)
assesses if the learners attained mastery of the lesson (c) provides enrichment activities with the use of media
technology (d) re-mediates the non-mastery student (e) moves on to the next lesson.

1. How is the mastery approach better than the traditional one? It is better because new advancements are
adapted to broaden one’s knowledge and of course approach in teaching-learning process.
2. The mastery approach appears time-consuming and difficult. Do you believe practice and experience can
overcome these difficulties? Yes. Practice and experience can overcome these difficulties. To come up with
a fine and consistent mastery approach, practice and experience is really needed. You can’t easily get
what you want without having some practice or with lack of experience.
3. How can technology help in enrichment activities? They provide supplementary resources and references
for teaching and learning. And aside from it, learning is becoming more effective and one click away
because of technology.
4. Should the effective use of media be also assessed by the teacher? Yes. It is very much needed by the
teacher to assessed the use of media. This will help them identify and analyze if the media they are using
makes an efficient and effective learning for the students.

Lesson 4
Take Action
Activity 1: Learn More, Make an Interview
With the use of the interview protocol below, ask two persons (ex: one student or one
teacher and one LGU) among the Stakeholders. Record your interview data and report to the class.
Interview Protocol on the Roles of Stakeholders
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1
Name of the Interviewee: Ramon Veloria Interviewer: Billy Joe M. Fabellore
Name of School: Domalandan Center Integrated School
Category: (Check only)
Student: ___/__ Teacher: ____ School Head: ____ Parent: ____ Community ____
LGU ____ Gov’t. Agency ____ Non-Gov’t. Agency _____
Lead Questions:
1. What do you know about the curriculum that is taught in this school?
2. Are you involved in the activities in the school? How?
3. Why do you get involved in the school activities?
4. Do the activities contribute to the learning achievement of the students?
5. What is your most important involvement that contributed to the learning of the students? Give specific
example.
6. Would you like to continue what you are doing for the school curriculum? Why?
Note to interviewers:
1. You may use tape recorder or write on your field notebook their answers.
2. Consolidate the answers and write in paragraph form your report for two individual samples.
3. Submit to your faculty facilitator and make and share your experiences to the whole class

As a high school student, Ramon knew that the K to 12 Curriculum is the curriculum that is
implemented and used in their school. He also said that he actively participates in school activities. As a
matter of fact, he is an officer. He joined several clubs and organizations. He said that he involved himself
in this school activities to prosper and hone his skills, to perceive new information, and to grow himself
individually. Ramon also said that through these school activities, he noticed that he improved a lot and
discovered new skills. He became consistent and as time passed by, he felt that he became developed.
For him, the most important involvement that contributed to the learning of the students was the program
they started called “Officer in Aksyon”, wherein together with the teachers, they helped other students
who can’t read or write well to master this skills. He said he loved to continue what he is doing cause
aside from the fact that it benefits him, the school benefits as well.

Self-Check
Stakeholders: How are they involved in curriculum implementation?
Enter in the matrix the stakeholders and identify their involvement in Curriculum Implementation

Stakeholders Involvement
Learners Learners have more dynamic
participation from the planning, designing,
implementing and evaluating. However,
the degree
of their involvement is dependent on their
maturity.
Teachers Teachers are stakeholders who plan,
design, teach, implement and evaluate
the curriculum. No doubt, the most
important person in curriculum
implementation is the teacher.
School Leader Principals and school heads, too, have
important roles in curriculum
implementation process in schools. They
should understand fully the need for
change and the implementation process.
They should be ready to assist the
teachers and the students in the
implementation.
Parents Parents are significant school partners.

Self-Reflect
QUESTIONS for REFLECTION: Reflect on this question and answer below.
If all the stakeholders contribute positively in curriculum implementation, do you think, curriculum change
or development will succeed? Why? Or why not?

- Yes. The curriculum change will be successful if all the stakeholders contribute positively in
curriculum implementation,. Each interested party forms an integral part of a specific school or the
entire educational system. So, basically, all of them are crucial for the professional development of
education, as they can have a positive impact or, on the contrary, lead to failure. Different
stakeholders, whether it be faculty, community members, or family, can significantly improve
children's education environment if they collaborate and share their ideas, goals, and plans. To be
successful, stakeholder engagement needs to be conscious, comprehensive, and systematic
throughout the process and include decision-making options. The engagement may apply to the
following topics: use of assents, school feedback, planning of innovations, strategy set-up, parents'
engagement, and more. Summing up, different stakeholders play a crucial role in the education
system nowadays. All of them have their own specific interest and are strongly motivated to assist
the sphere's development.