Assignment 1

Submitted to:
Maam Umm e kalsoom

Submitted by:

Name: Maryam Zahid

Roll NO : 64

Government College Women University

Faisalabad - GCWUF
Justice Approach:
Justice as an ethical approach is where all people are treated fairly through society, regardless of
race,position,rank, class or others. Also known as the fairness approach. For example, the
employee who get awards must the good performance and e the est among the employess in the
companies.

Examples of Justice Approach:

Justice as an ethical approach is where all people are treated fairly through society, regardless of
race,position,rank, class or others. Also known as the fairness approach. For example, the
employee who get awards must the good performance and e the est among the employess in the
companies. It must fit the criterion in getting awards.

Types of Justice Approach:

There are three types of justice:

1. Distributive justice

2. Procedural justice

3. Retributive justice

Distributive justice:

Distributive justice, or economic justice, is concerned with giving all members of society a "fair
share" of the benefits and resources available. However, while everyone might agree that wealth
should be distributed fairly, there is much disagreement about what counts as a "fair share."
Some possible criteria of distribution are equity, equality, and need. (Equity means that one's
rewards should be equal to one's contributions to a society, while "equality" means that everyone
gets the same amount, regardless of their input. Distribution on the basis of need means that
people who need more will get more, while people who need less will get less.) Fair allocation of
resources, or distributive justice, is crucial to the stability of a society and the well-being of its
members. Different people will define "fair" differently: some will say that fairness is equity;
others equality; still others, need. When issues of distributive justice are inadequately addressed
and the item to be distributed is highly valued, intractable conflicts frequently result. This was
the essence of the conflicts playing out across Europe and in United States politics in 2012-2013-
-over taxes, deficits, "austerity programs," jobs, rights of labor, etc. It is part of the story about
the racial conflicts which have taken a high profile in the summer of 2020, although procedural
and retributive justice are also a large part of this conflict.

Example:

Distributive justice certainly is achieved when equals receive the same allocation of benefits. For
example, public programs that provide social security or medical care to all elderly and retired
persons are examples of distributive justice in a constitutional democracy. Public schools, which
all children have an equal opportunity to attend, are another example.

Procedural justice:

Procedural justice is concerned with making and implementing decisions according to fair
processes that ensure "fair treatment." Rules must be impartially followed and consistently
applied in order to generate an unbiased decision. Those carrying out the procedures should be
neutral, and those directly affected by the decisions should have some voice or representation in
the decision-making process. (See the essay on public participation.) If people believe
procedures to be fair, they will be more likely to accept outcomes, even ones that they do not
like. Implementing fair procedures is central to many dispute resolution procedures,
including negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and adjudication.

Example:

Procedural justice is when employees perceive that the processes that lead to important outcomes
are fair and just. For example, the process of how a manager gives raises will be seen as unfair if
he only gives raises to his friends. We tend to think of fairness as always being a good
thing.
Retributive justice:

Retributive justice appeals to the notion of "just desert" -- the idea that people deserve to be
treated in the same way they treat others. It is a retroactive approach that justifies punishment as
a response to past injustice or wrongdoing.[2] The central idea is that the offender has gained
unfair advantage through his or her behavior, and that punishment will set this imbalance
straight. In other words, those who do not play by the rules should be brought to justice and
deserve to suffer penalties for their transgressions. The notion of deterrence also plays in here:
the hope is that the punishment for committing a crime is large enough that people will not
engage in illegal activities because the risk of punishment is too high. In addition to local, state,
and national justice systems, retributive justice also plays a central role in international legal
proceedings, responding to violations of international law, human rights, and war crimes.

Example:

Many people regard the death penalty, practiced in 31 of our states and the federal government,
as retributive justice. In this instance, the death penalty, or capital punishment, is used to punish
murderers: in other words ''a life for a life''.