Student Examination Number ……………………………………

The University of Edinburgh

College of Science and Engineering

School of
Mathematics

MAT – 2 - AAC

MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra & Calculus for Direct Entry

Tuesday, 17th December 2019

09:30 – 12:30
Question Mark
Chairman of Examiners – Dr J Simon
1
External Examiner – Dr C Steele
2
Attempt All Questions
3
Answers may not receive full marks unless supported by
an appropriate explanation. 4

5
In the examination it is permitted to have;
*A copy of the course textbooks (any edition)
6
Stewart’s Calculus and Poole’s Linear Algebra
*Any other notes (printed or handwritten)
7

Calculators and other electronic aids. 8

A scientific calculator is permitted in this examination.
It must not be a graphical calculator. 9
It must not be able to communicate with any other device.
10

Total

This examination will be marked anonymously.

 MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for
Direct Entry

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MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for Direct Entry 1

(1) In each of the following cases state whether the given statement is TRUE or FALSE.
Prove the true ones and provide counterexamples for the false ones. In all cases f
and g are functions from R to R. (Each question is worth 1 mark.)

(a) If f and g are odd then f ◦ g is odd.

(b) If f and g are increasing then f ◦ g is increasing.
(c) If f has an even anti-derivative then all anti-derivatives of f are even.
(d) If f has an odd anti-derivative then all anti-derivatives of f are odd.
(e) If f : R → R is continuous and h : R → R is the function given by h(x) =
R x2
0
f (t)dt, then h is differentiable and its derivative is given by h0 (x) = 2xf (x2 ).
[5 marks]

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MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for Direct Entry 2

(2) Find the following limits (each limit is worth 3 marks)

√
x ln( x) − 1 + x 5x − 5−x
(i) lim , (ii) lim x .
x→1 x−1 x→+∞ 7 − 7−x

[6 marks]

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MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for Direct Entry 3

(3) Let f, g : R → R be twice differentiable functions with g(x) 6= 0 for all x. Prove that:
 
 0    00 g 0 f
f 1 g f f 1
(i) = 2 det 0 0 , (ii) = 3 det  g 0 g f 0  .
g g g f g g
g 00 2g 0 f 00
[5 marks]

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MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for Direct Entry 4

(4) Let f : R → R be the function given by

x2
 
f (x) = 1 − cos x + x sin x. (1)
2

(a) Find all critical points of f . [2 marks]

(b) Classify each critical point as a local maximum, minimum or neither.
[3 marks]
(c) Does f have a global minimum? [3 marks]
(d) Does f have a global maximum? Prove all your claim. [3 marks]
(e) Plot the graph of f . [1 mark]

(Prove your claims in parts (b)-(d).)

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(5) Find the following integrals (each integral is worth 4 marks).

x2 + 1
Z Z Z
1 1
dx, dx, dx.
x2 + x + 1 x2 − x + 1 x4 + x2 + 1

[12 marks]

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MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for Direct Entry 8

(6) Give an example of the following.

(a) Three 2 × 2 matrices A, B and C such that AB = AC, B 6= C and A 6= 0.

(b) A vector in R4 that is not contained in the linear span of the vectors
   
1 2
9 0
 , .
7 1
3 9

(c) A 2 × 4 matrix A whose kernel ker(A) in R4 is given by

(
x1 + 9x2 + 7x3 + 3x4 = 0,
2x1 + x3 + 9x4 = 0.

(d) Four linearly dependent vectors v1 , v2 , v3 , v4 in R4 such that

• the vectors v1 , v2 , v3 are linearly independent,
• the vectors v1 , v2 , v4 are linearly independent,
• the vectors v1 , v3 , v4 are linearly independent,
• the vectors v2 , v3 , v4 are linearly independent.
(e) A linear transformation T : R4 → R4 such that

T ◦T =T

and its kernel ker(T ) is two-dimensional.

(f) A diagonalizable 3 × 3 matrix A that is not diagonal.
(g) A 3 × 3 matrix A of rank 2 that is not diagonalizable.
(h) A 3 × 3 matrix A such that its characteristic polynomial is

(λ − 1973)2 (λ − 2019)

and A does not have three linearly independent eigenvectors in R3 .

[8 marks]
Each question is worth 1 mark. Explanations and justifications are not required.

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MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for Direct Entry 10

(7) Decide whether the following are true or false. Justify your answer.

(a) Let A and B be any 3 × 3 matrices. Then

(A + B)3 = A3 + 3A2 B + 3AB 2 + B 3 .

[4 marks]
(b) Let A be any 3 × 3 matrix such that

A3 − 3A2 + 2A = 0.

Then A is not invertible. [4 marks]

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(8) Find the following:

(a) An orthonormal basis of the kernel of the matrix

 
1 2 3 4
.
4 3 2 1

[5 marks]
(b) All real numbers x1 , x2 , x3 and x4 such that
(
x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 + 4x4 = 10,
4x1 + 3x2 + 2x3 + x4 = 10.

[3 marks]

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(9) Prove the following.

(a) Let A be a 2 × 2 matrix. Suppose that A has three eigenvectors such that any
two of them are linearly independent. Then
 
λ 0
A=
0 λ

for some real number λ. [4 marks]

2 2
(b) Let T : R → R be a linear transformation such that 1 is an eigenvalue of T ◦ T .
Then 1 or −1 (or both) is an eigenvalue of T .
[4 marks]

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MATH08062 Accelerated Algebra and Calculus for Direct Entry 16

(10) (a) Let n be a positive integer, and let T : R2 → R2 is a linear transformation such
that        
1 1 2 4
T = and T = .
1 1 1 2
Write down the formula for the matrix of T n in the standard basis in R2 , where

Tn = T
| ◦ T ◦ T ◦{z· · · ◦ T ◦ T} .
n times

[4 marks]
(b) Find an invertible 2 × 2 matrix A such that
   
3 −2 1 0
A=A .
1 0 0 2

[4 marks]

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