Joice Wangania_ 041396767_T1_HKUM4101

TUGAS 1
Anda diminta menyusun 5 kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan istilah-istilah kata
kunci sebagai berikut:
1. Presumption of Innocence
2. Justice Collaborator
3. Contempt of court
4. Legal Standing
5. Shifting burden of proof

Jawaban :
Halo Tutor, saya Joice Wangania ijin untuk menyampaikan jawaban saya terkait soal Tugas 1
pada sesi ini.

1. Presumption of Innocence
The presumption of innocence imposes on the prosecution the burden of proving the
charge and guarantees that no guilt can be presumed until the charge has been proved
beyond reasonable doubt.

2. Justice Collaborator
The idea that Justice Collaborator was born came from the spirit to uncover larger cases,
considering that corruption is an organized crime that involves several people in a
coordination circle to achieve the same goal. Sometimes, the perpetrators also form
collaborative partnerships with law enforcement officials and form a solid network of
corrupt gangs. Being in this group causes what is called in the world of psychology as
'paranoid solidarity', namely the feeling of fear of being ostracized, hated, and plunged
into groups, so that inevitably the perpetrators will protect each other.

3. Contempt of court
Contempt of court' happens when someone risks unfairly influencing a court case. It may
stop somebody from getting a fair trial and can affect a trial's outcome.
Contempt of court includes:
 disobeying or ignoring a court order
 taking photos or shouting out in court
 refusing to answer the court's questions if you're called as a witness
 publicly commenting on a court case, for example on social media or online news
articles
If you're found to be in contempt of court, you could go to prison for up to 2 years, get a
fine, or both.
Joice Wangania_ 041396767_T1_HKUM4101
4. Legal Standing
To have standing, a party must show an “injury in fact” to their own legal interests. ...
Just because a party has standing does not mean that it will win the case; it just means that
it has alleged a sufficient legal interest and injury to participate in the case.

5. Shifting burden of proof

Shifting the burden of proof means to change the responsibility of proving or
disproving a point from one party to the other party. Shifting the burden of proof is
used in a variety of legal areas to allow more flexibility in courtroom procedure.

Terima kasih atas kesempatan yang telah diberikan.

Sumber :
1. BMP HKUM4101 Bahasa dan Terminologi Hukum
2. https://www.ag.gov.au/search?keys=Contempt+of+court
3. https://www.law.cornell.edu › Wex